Oblomov's dream and its meaning. Oblomov's dream and its role in the ideological and compositional structure of the novel (based on the novel by I.A.

“Oblomov’s Dream” is a kind of semantic and compositional key to the entire novel. The dream of the inhabitants of Oblomovka, a heroic, powerful dream, is what largely determined Oblomov’s inability to carry out real activities, what prevented the potential of his crystalline, “dove” soul from being realized.
The ninth part of Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” begins in a very unique way. The author describes that “blessed corner of the earth” to which Oblomov’s dream takes us. It is said about this corner that “there is nothing grandiose, wild and gloomy” there, that is, there is no sea, mountains, rocks, abysses and dense forests. All this could cause some kind of trouble and inconvenience to the inhabitants of the region.
In this corner of paradise, everything is imbued with love, tenderness, and care. I.A. Goncharov claims that if, for example, there was a sea there, peace would be impossible, not like in Oblomovka. There is silence, tranquility, there are no mental anguish that could arise due to the presence of any element. Everything is silent, as if frozen in time, in its development. Everything is created for the convenience of man, so that he does not bother himself with anything. Nature there seems to have made a schedule for itself and strictly follows it.
Of course, this chapter is of great importance, it helps to penetrate into Oblomov’s inner world, to get to know him better, to understand his condition. After all, a lot depends on a person’s upbringing, on the environment in which he lived as a child. Here we clearly see that in Oblomovka, parents and in general everyone around them suppressed all of Ilyusha’s aspirations and impulses to do something on his own. At first the boy didn’t like it, but then he got used to being so carefully looked after, surrounded by unlimited love and care, protected from the slightest danger, from work and from worries.
Around him, Oblomov sees only “peace and silence,” complete calm and serenity - both in the residents of Oblomovka and in nature itself.
In “Oblomov’s Dream,” Oblomovka’s isolation from the outside world is clearly visible. A clear example This is the case with the man in the ditch, whom the residents of Oblomovka refused to help only because he was not from here. There is a contrast between how people treat each other in this village, with what tenderness and compassion they care for each other, and how indifferent they are to people who live outside their world. The principle by which they act sounds something like this - excessive isolation and fear of everything new.
This to a certain extent shaped Oblomov’s position: “Life is enough.” He believes that life “touches” him everywhere, does not allow him to exist peacefully in his little world, the hero cannot understand why this is happening, because in Oblomovka everything is different. This habit, which consists in the fact that life is possible in a state isolated from the outside world, remains with him from childhood throughout his life. Throughout his entire existence, he tries to isolate himself from the outside world, from any of its manifestations. It is not for nothing that I.A. Goncharov describes his main character in such a way that one gets the impression that external life does not exist for Oblomov, as if physically he had already died: “If it weren’t for this plate, and not for the just smoked pipe leaning against the bed, or not the owner himself lying on it, then one would think that no one lives here - everything was so dusty, faded and generally devoid of traces of human presence.” It was obvious that Oblomov was trying to create the same atmosphere as in Oblomovka, since the furniture in the room was placed solely in order to “maintain the appearance of inevitable decency,” and the rest was all created for convenience, take at least a robe and slippers, which were detailed are described by Goncharov in order to show how much easier everything makes life for the owner. In the end, Oblomov still finds his piece of paradise, achieves the long-awaited peace, living with Pshenitsyna, who, as it were, fences him off from external life, just like Oblomov’s parents in childhood, she surrounds him with care, attention, affection, perhaps without realizing it at first. She intuitively understands what he is striving for and provides him with everything necessary for life. Oblomov realized that he had nothing else to strive for: “Looking, reflecting on his life and becoming more and more settled in it, he finally decided that he had nowhere else to go, there was nothing to look for, that the ideal of his life had come true.”
Thanks to Pshenitsyna, that unconscious fear of life that Oblomov had, again, since childhood, disappeared. A clear confirmation of this can be considered the case described in the chapter “Oblomov’s Dream,” when a letter from an old acquaintance arrives in Oblomovka.
The inhabitants of the house did not dare to open it for several days, trying to overcome the feeling of fear. This feeling of fear appeared due to the habit of isolation: people were afraid that their peace and serenity would be disturbed, because the news is not only good...
As a result of all these fears in childhood, Oblomov was afraid to live. Even when Ilya Ilyich fell in love with Olga and was about to get married, unconscious fear and fear of change made themselves felt. In addition, the constant feeling of being chosen, instilled in Oblomov at home, prevented him from participating in the kind of “competition” that is any life... He was unable to work, because in the service he would have to prove his superiority, but in relations with Zakhar Oblomov had no difficulty He gratified his pride by the fact that he was a “first-born nobleman” and had never once put stockings on his feet himself.
From all of the above it follows that because of fear of life, because of all the restrictions set for him in childhood, Oblomov could not live a full life external life. He was also greatly disappointed in his service. He thought that he would live like in a second family, that in the service there would be the same small, cozy world as in Oblomovka.
Ilya Ilyich was, as it were, pulled out of hothouse conditions, from the kingdom of sweet sleep and placed in conditions that were acceptable
for people of Stolz's type. And when, finally, thanks to Pshenitsyna, he finds himself in familiar conditions, there is, as it were, a connection of times, a connection between his childhood and the current time of his thirty-three-year-old life.
The role of “Oblomov’s Dream” in understanding the meaning of the novel is enormous, since the entire conflict of external and inner life, the root of all events lies in Oblomov’s childhood, in the village of Oblomovka.

"Oblomov's Dream" (Analysis of an episode from I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”.)

Sleep has always been a mystery to humans. Like every mystery, it is extremely attractive, which is why it has gathered around itself
many folk beliefs and legends. The dream was reflected in everything, in that The dream was reflected in everything, in
including in works of literature, starting with the poetry of Shakespeare and ending with the prose of modern writers. Moreover
each author describes dreams and pursues his own goal.
An example is the vision of Catherine in Ostrovsky’s “The Thunderstorm”. They only reveal character main character, talk about thoughts
and the feelings of a loving woman.
Sleep has a special role in Goncharov’s works. The author specifically talks about Oblomov’s childhood not at the very beginning
novel. It went unnoticed. Readers, learning about the life of Ilya Ilyich in the present, read with interest and attention about him
childhood. They are trying to find an answer to one question: what could make a person like this?
The beginning of Goncharov's novel is in Oblomov's dream. An episode from an unfinished novel is important because it reveals the main
problem of the work.
This passage and Pushkin’s “Dream” are very similar. The poet also talks about the role of the nanny in raising a Russian child. To the writer
show that noble culture is sometimes indivisible from its folk origins. One of the main features of Oblomov,
dreaminess formed in Oblomovka.
The nanny was the hero's first teacher. She explained everything that occupied Ilyusha as best she could, that is, with folk beliefs,
signs, the child got the rest from fairy tales. Naturally, Oblomov did not see real life. Of course, later Ilyusha
realized that rivers of honey and milk do not exist, but without ceasing to dream of a magical land, “...where there is no evil, trouble,
sadness, ... where they feed and clothe so well for nothing...” Therefore, as an adult, he is surprised that all the merchants
They demand that the debt be paid back to them, otherwise they threaten to put them in prison and not release the food.
Undoubtedly, these traditions remained for the entire subsequent life of the hero. But, thanks to the same foundations, Ilya Ilyich retained his
soul beautiful, simple and natural. He did not accept everything dirty in the world, did not understand the meaning of ranks and wealth. And from
everything that his soul rejected, Oblomov fenced himself off.
In a dream, the reason for the actions committed by the real Ilya Ilyich is revealed. Without knowing his character, which is largely
parts formed in childhood, it is impossible to fully understand the hero.
A clear parallel is visible between Ilya Oblomov and Ilya Muromets, who was imprisoned for thirty-three years.
From childhood, the hero was surrounded by idleness. The mother protected her son, made sure he was plump,
white, with rosy cheeks, “which another kid would inflate, but wouldn’t do like that.” Parents suppressed in their child
playfulness and curiosity. And they achieved that Oblomov became lazy and apathetic. I felt the need less and less often
jump up and do everything yourself and more often gave instructions to Zakhar.
Parents “discouraged” their child’s desire to learn. They only saw outside education and did not understand that
it helps the spiritual development of a person. Therefore, the family very often found excuses to leave Ilyusha at home, and
do not take him to the Stolts. Later, he himself pretended to be sick and reluctantly completed the task. Oblomov himself did not understand why he
education and science can serve. And this led to the fact that one day he put all the books in the corner of the room and indifferently
watched as dust covered them.
Thus, the dream explains why Oblomov became the way we see him.
The compositional role of this episode in the novel is also important. Goncharov talks about the people who visited Oblomov. Hero with
perceives with surprise the existence that they call life. They don't understand how they can live like this. It's a dream
separates the visit from the appearance of Stolz. He explains Ilya Ilyich’s inability to live the way his friend, Olga, and his people lived
visiting. He doesn’t have the energy for such a life, and he doesn’t need it.
The dream, according to Druzhinin, plays main role in the work. He wrote that this episode poeticized the hero and connected
its invisible threads with the hearts of readers. Therefore, “Dream” as a separate work of art amazes with its
enormous significance in the novel.

In the first part of Goncharov's novel "" we meet the main character of the work. Oblomov was a prominent representative of the nobility of the mid-19th century. The writer shows us his main character as a person who has no meaning in life. Oblomov was very lazy, and his main occupation was lying on the sofa. Ilya Ilyich spends his life in dreams, imagining himself as a great man whom everyone loves and reveres. Less often he dreams of a quiet life with loving wife and children. One day, Oblov, reflecting on his existence, asked the question: “Why am I like this?” But not finding an answer to the question posed, Ilya Ilyich plunges into sweet dream. He dreams of his native Oblomovka.

Oblomov's dream can be divided into three parts. In the first part we see the main character as a little boy of about seven years old. It is worth noting that little Ilyusha was a very lively, inquisitive and active child. The boy grew up surrounded by the care and supervision of nannies who did not allow him to take a step on his own. Ilyusha was a very observant boy, he noticed every little thing. It was this observation of measured and leisurely life that determined the character of the main character. It must be said that Oblomov liked this order of life, but such a life was full of shortcomings. Monotony and boredom cannot be an example to follow.

One of the most important activities of the Oblomov family was eating. For them, food has become an integral ritual, repeated every day. As a rule, serfs prepared the food, and Ilyusha’s parents were in charge of selecting the products.

Goncharov ironically shows us the boy's parents. They, too, were not busy with anything, lived at the expense of their serfs and enjoyed every day they lived.

After lunch, the entire Oblomov estate fell into sleep, and then little Ilyusha had the opportunity to be independent.

The second part of the dream takes us to one of the winter evenings, when Oblomov’s nanny told him fairy tales. Ilyusha loved listening to his nanny’s stories. Life in Oblomovka was measured, it seemed to him like a continuation of a fairy tale. Over time, the fairy tale mixed with the life of the already adult Ilya Ilyich, who remained a child who did not know how to live a real life.

The third part of Oblomov’s dream shows us Ilya as a teenage boy. At that moment he was thirteen or fourteen years old. Not far from Oblomovka there was the village of Verkhlevo. There he studied with a German named Stolz. Together with Ilya, Stolz’s son Andrei, who would later become Oblomov’s best friend, studied. Perhaps Stolz would have taught Ilyusha something, raised a strong personality in him, but Verkhlevo was part of Oblomovka, and a slow and measured life reigned there too. Carefree pictures of everyday life gave a false idea of ​​real life. All this ultimately showed Ilyusha how to live “correctly”.

In addition, the author’s attitude to the events taking place is noteworthy. On the one hand, he has a negative attitude towards the way of life of Oblomov’s family; he condemns the behavior of Ilyusha’s parents, who did not allow the boy to be independent. Ilyusha studied only for the sake of a certificate, not knowledge.

On the other hand, Goncharov also grew up in such a family. He describes the protagonist’s childhood with trepidation, because it reminded him of his own childhood. But Goncharov managed to “break out” of such a “sleepy” life, he cultivated strong character traits and became a real person. And small and inquisitive Ilyusha became a hostage environment, in which it was impossible to develop in a different direction.

Oblomov's dream takes us to the region where he grew up, to the village of Oblomovka. To Oblomovka a person lives comfortable and he feels protected. Nothing disturbs human consciousness there; harmony reigns in everything.

Of course, Ilya Ilyich’s broad and gentle character was influenced by great influence the nature of that blessed corner of the earth, that wonderful land - Oblomovka.
That sky which it seems to be huddling closer to the ground in order to protect the chosen corner from all adversity”; that sun which shines brightly and hotly there for about six months and then slowly, as if reluctantly, moves away from there”; those soft outlines of the sloping hills, “ from which it is pleasant to ride, frolicking, on your back or sitting on them, looking thoughtfully at the setting sun”; that slow, unhurried flow of lowland rivers that “ sometimes they spill into wide ponds, sometimes they rush in a quick thread, sometimes they crawl slightly over the pebbles, as if lost in thought”.
Nature here, like an affectionate mother, takes care of the silence and measured tranquility of a person’s entire life. And at the same time, there is a special “mode” of peasant life with a rhythmic sequence of everyday life and holidays. And even thunderstorms are not terrible, but beneficial there: they “ are always at the same time set time, almost never forgetting Ilya’s day, as if in order to support a well-known legend among the people”. There are no terrible storms or destruction in that region. The stamp of unhurried restraint also lies on the characters of people nurtured by Russian mother nature.
It was this wonderful Russian nature that contributed to the development in Ilyusha of such qualities as humanity, kindness, and responsiveness.
The formation of Oblomov’s personality was also greatly influenced by his upbringing. That boundless love and affection with which he was surrounded and nurtured since childhood was given to Ilyusha by his mother. She " showered him with passionate kisses“, looked with “greedy, caring eyes to see if his eyes were cloudy, if anything hurt, if he slept peacefully, if he woke up at night, if he tossed about in his sleep, if he had a fever.”
“The mother will take Ilyusha’s head, put it on her lap and slowly comb his hair, admiring its softness and making others admire it, talking to them about the future of her son, making him the hero of some brilliant epic she created.”.
Probably this excessive mother’s love had a detrimental effect on Oblomov. But it was she who brought up the main traits of national character in the hero. Although Ilyusha’s life also featured a nanny, who also played huge role in the development of his personality. She often told him fairy tales, various legends, epics, and made-up stories. The nanny whispered to him about some unknown side, “ where there are neither nights nor cold, where miracles happen, where rivers of honey and milk flow and where no one does anything all year round”.
But these stories and fairy tales subsequently had a detrimental effect on Ilyusha. From childhood, the boy’s imagination was inhabited by strange ghosts; fear and melancholy lingered in his soul for a long time, perhaps forever. When he became an adult, and now still, “ remaining in a dark room or seeing a dead person, he trembles from the ominous melancholy implanted in his soul in childhood" And everyone dreams of that magical side, where there is no evil, troubles, sorrows and where you don’t need to do anything...
Labor was the main enemy of the inhabitants of Oblomovka. They " they endured it as a punishment imposed on our forefathers, and where there was a chance, they always got rid of it, finding it possible and proper" This attitude towards work was also fostered in Ilyusha. The desire for independence and young energy were stopped by the friendly cries of the parents:
“What about servants?? Soon the hero himself realized that it was calmer and more convenient to give orders.
He was surrounded by the excessive worries of his mother, making sure that the child ate well and did not overwork himself while studying with I. B. Stolz. She believed that education is not such an important thing, for the sake of which you need to lose weight, lose your blush and skip holidays. Of course, Oblomov’s parents understood the importance and necessity of education, but they saw it only as a means of career advancement.
These are the conditions under which the apathetic, lazy and difficult-to-rise nature of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov developed. He was afraid of any difficulties, he was too lazy to make even the slightest effort to solve not great, but the most pressing problems. He was ready to shift the matter to anyone, without caring about its outcome or the integrity of the people to whom the matter was entrusted. He did not even allow the thought of the possibility of deception: elementary prudence, not to mention practicality, was completely absent from Oblomov’s nature.
Note

· People with a patriarchal consciousness live in Oblomovka. " The standard of life was taught to them ready-made by their parents, and they accepted it, also ready-made, from their grandfather, and grandfather from their great-grandfather... Just as what was done under their fathers and grandfathers, so it was done under Ilya Ilyich’s father, so, perhaps, it is being done now in Oblomovka" That is why any manifestation of personal will and interests, even the simplest, like a letter, fills the souls of Oblomovites with horror. Oblomov's dream is of great importance in the text. The origins of Oblomov’s soul are revealed to us, we learn about how the formation of O’s personality went. So we see the stages of development of an inferior personality, which is one of the examples of how an unfavorable environment destroys the best human qualities in their prime. And to understand this, you need to turn to the sources of personality formation: childhood, upbringing, environment and, finally, the education received.

Nothing is needed: life,

like a calm river flowed past.

I. Goncharov

Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov in the novel “Oblomov” sharply criticizes the existing system with its injustices and vices. Condemning the hero's inactivity, the author at the same time shows the destructiveness of the social system, which Oblomov does not want to serve. At times it seems that Goncharov is not so much condemning as being touched by his hero. But this is only an external impression, Oblomov’s path is disastrous, it rather looks like a dead end.

Condemning Oblomov’s inactivity, the author gives an explanation of his character in the hero’s dream. Ilya Ilyich is not just a sloth, he is a hereditary slacker, justifying himself by his unwillingness to serve injustice. But that's only beautiful words, a reason to do nothing. The roots of this lie much deeper, a dream will reveal a lot to us. It not only illustrates, but also explains the origins of the hero’s current lying on the sofa. This is not an excuse, but laziness is inherent in Ilya Ilyich at the genetic level.

Oblomovka seems to the hero to be an earthly paradise, where there are no problems, everyone lives in harmony with surrounding nature. “Nothing is needed: life, like a calm river, flowed past them; they could only sit on the banks of this river and observe the inevitable phenomena that, in turn, without calling, appeared before each of them.”

Here, not only masters, but also their slaves perceived work as “punishment” and always “got rid of it, finding it possible and proper.” The collapsed gallery of the manor's house lies there until winter; Somehow the remains of it were propped up with pillars, and everyone admires the result, finding some kind of beauty in this collapse and disrepair. A peasant hut hung half over the ravine... What is this, the carelessness of barbarians or philosophers?

In Oblomovka, meanwhile, they live strictly according to the calendar, according to the established order of old, fearing and not accepting anything new. Having been brought up and growing up in such patriarchy, Ilya Ilyich over time stopped believing in goblins and witches, in the fact that the dead rise from their graves, but some “sediment of fear and unaccountable melancholy” remained in him, and he transferred them to public life.

His sofa is a piece of patriarchal life, childhood idyllic memories and impressions. The hero does not want to get up from the couch - to solve some issues, to bother himself with worries and worries. Oblomov is a continuation of Oblomovka, he came out of this kingdom spiritual sleep, that’s why he doesn’t want to move anywhere; goes into daydreams from the problems of life.

At times it seems to me that Goncharov likes everything ancient and patriarchal, he idealizes them, exaggerating the value of such a way of life. Contemporary society was unable to offer anything in return for this idyll.

You can, of course, change something in this unfair life if you actively act and intervene in its course. Yes, Oblomov is not used to this. Since childhood, there have been a dozen servants around him, ready to serve, clean, dress and put on shoes, so he grew up to be a lump, smart, kind, but so inactive and helpless that one can only feel sorry for him.

Thus, Oblomov’s dream is key in understanding his character. Goncharov was able to show from the inside the validity of the hero’s actions and behavior.