Read Turgenev's Russian language in prose. In days of doubt, in days of painful reflection
In days of doubt, in days of painful reflections on the fate of my homeland, you are my only support and support, O great, powerful, truthful and free Russian language! Without you - how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything that happens at home? But one cannot believe that such a language was not given to a great people!
Analysis of the poem in prose "Russian language" by Turgenev
I. Turgenev was a truly Russian writer, deeply worried about the fate of his homeland. In his works, he boldly and truthfully expressed his sincere views and beliefs. Turgenev did not embellish Russian reality and did not hide its pressing problems. For too harsh statements, he was punished in the form of exile, and was subsequently forced to go abroad. But even far from the Motherland, he constantly turned to her in his work, shared her pain and despair. A striking example of Turgenev's patriotism is the prose poem "The Russian Language" (1882).
It is no coincidence that Turgenev chooses the Russian language as the theme of the work. Only being in a foreign land, he understands the importance and significance of this powerful element of national identity. The writer was cut off from the Russian environment, but thanks to the language he continued to feel his inextricable connection with it. After all, with the help of language, a person does not only pronounce words. It is much more important that people think in their own language, that is, they clothe thoughts in specific lexical units. For example, an important condition for the complete mastery of a foreign language is the moment when a person is able not only to speak, but also to think in it.
Turgenev claims that only the Russian language remained his only support and support abroad. The writer took all significant events in Russia very close to his heart. Some led him to despair, but he believed that the Russian language remained the main means of saving the long-suffering people.
"Great and mighty" is a phrase that is often used to mock the fate of Russia. But behind her pathos hides true pride in her language. The Russian language is one of the richest and most complex on the planet. Residents of Russia and border states, assimilating it from childhood, do not understand the significance of such an easy and accessible study. The Russian language has evolved over the centuries. It has amazing flexibility and variety of word formation. The amazing ability of our language is the borrowing and rapid processing of foreign words without harming ourselves. Russian high society for a long time spoke exclusively in French. Foreign languages were studied by children first, to the detriment of their native language. But this did not affect the Russian language in any way. The ability to self-preservation and self-purification helped the Russian language to remain pure and not undergo significant changes.
Turgenev was absolutely sure that, despite poverty and squalor, a great future awaited Russia. Language is a direct expression of the national spirit. The Russian language is a well-deserved highest gift to a great people.
In June 1882, Turgenev's cycle "Poems in Prose" was published, which included the poem "Russian Language", which is usually hung on the walls in the classrooms of our schools. And not in vain - in this poem the author expresses his love for the Motherland, and here it is not far from patriotism :) Here is this poem:
In days of doubt, in days of painful reflections on the fate of my homeland, you alone are my support and support, O great, powerful, truthful and free Russian language! Without you - how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything that happens at home? But one cannot believe that such a language was not given to a great people!
This is exactly what Turgenev writes about his native language in June 1882. This poem is included in his cycle of "Poems in Prose", most of which touches on the socio-political problems of the country, is devoted to reflections on the fate of the Russian people, about their past, present and future, about the eternal value of human relations, about happiness.
"Poems in Prose"
The cycle "Poems in Prose" includes such poems as Dog, Fool, Two quatrains, Sparrow, Rose, Alms, Azure Kingdom, Two rich men, In memory of Yu. P. Vrevskaya, Last date, Threshold, Shchi, Enemy and friend, " How beautiful, how fresh the roses were…”, We will fight again! and Russian language. You can get acquainted with the work here at this link.
These poems are written in the first person, with their help Turgenev conveys his thoughts, feelings and experiences to readers. Although this is blank verse, i.e. not divided by rhyme into stanzas, here the rhythm is very expressive, subordinate to the author's intonation. The language of these poems is somewhat reminiscent of the language of a lyrical letter to a close friend.
This cycle partly continues the Hunter's Notes, in the center of which is also Turgenev's reverent attitude to his homeland, to ordinary Russian people, to Russian nature and culture. This topic has always been his favorite.
Expression of love for the motherland in the poem "Russian language"
The miniature of the Russian language should be singled out separately, since here Turgenev writes about such an important part of Russian culture and the Russian soul as language. He calls on contemporaries and descendants to protect their native language, since it is with its help that in the future it will be possible to create new great literary works.
He connects the fate of the people with the fate of the language. It must be remembered that in the year of the creation of this poem, Turgenev lives abroad, therefore, language is one of the few that connected him with his homeland. It is because of separation from his homeland that the Russian language is so valuable to him.
Turgenev did a lot for translations, so that foreigners could read Russian literature. However, the main thing for him remains in Russia. He believes in the spiritual strength of his people, he believes that with the help of faith in the language, Russian people will be able to overcome any difficulties.
A huge cycle is occupied by his “Poems in Prose”. The most beautiful poetic cycle in prose, which is united by a common Turgenev's idea, was immediately liked by both critics and readers. These miniatures, which he called "senile", were always in demand and interesting to people of different generations.
History of design and creation
Ivan Turgenev lived abroad for a long time, where already in his old age he decided to turn to an unusual genre - poems in prose. It is known that some of the poems were published during the author's lifetime. But the last, smaller part, which consisted of thirty miniatures, was printed after the death of the great and wonderful writer. Despite the fact that the author anticipates an imminent death, he still hopes that his work will find a response in the hearts of the reader and the Russian people. Unfortunately, his miniature "Russian Language" was never printed during the life of the writer himself.His strongest poems from this cycle are those dedicated to the Russian language. Probably, every person knows by heart his beautiful poem in prose. By the way, this miniature "Russian language" is studied in the school curriculum.
It is known that Turgenev's miniature in the prose "Russian Language" is the final one of this whole cycle, in which Ivan Sergeevich emphasizes how important his home, language, and Motherland are for him.
Russian language
In days of doubt, in days of painful reflections on the fate of my homeland, you are my only support and support, O great, powerful, truthful and free Russian language! Without you - how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything that happens at home? But one cannot believe that such a language was not given to a great people!
Beautiful and beautiful is the Russian language, which is always truthful and free. Any person, like a writer, can find in him both support and the necessary support at any moment. Especially when a person is far from his homeland, suffers, doubts, he is overcome by painful and sad thoughts. At such a time, you always feel drawn to your homeland, and that's when the Russian language becomes a reliable support.
The author uses many adjectives to express his love and admiration for his native language. So, he is truthful, and, of course, free, and, accordingly, great, and necessarily powerful. And then the author asks a rhetorical question so that the reader also thinks about the role language plays in his life, and how it is possible to overcome all obstacles and even separation from home, the Motherland, if there were no native language.
The main image of the miniature
The main focus of Turgenev's poem is the Russian language, the author's attitude to which can be traced already from the first word and first line. The writer treats his native language very carefully and sacredly. He believes that this is a real treasure, which contains everything:➥ Folk traditions.
➥ The customs of the people.
➥ Worldview of the whole nation.
It is the language that exalts a person, it seems to raise him to a pedestal in front of nature itself. Thanks to him, human life has a purpose, to become meaningful. Ivan Turgenev admits to his reader that when he becomes ill, he does not know what to do, he can always find support in the Russian language. Therefore, his poetic miniature in prose is so strong and sincere than the rest. The writer explains how proud he is that he lives in this country and speaks Russian, his native language.
The writer himself said:
"I believe that the people should have a great future."
Love for the motherland in Turgenev's prose poem
In his unusual miniature, the author expresses his love for his native language, which is not only a necessary, but an important part of Russian culture, reflecting the breadth and beauty of the Russian soul. In his story, the author calls to protect this beautiful and most powerful language. The author addresses not only his contemporaries, but also his descendants.
Ivan Turgenev says that not only at the time when he lived, all the best and most talented works are created in this beautiful language, but it must be preserved in order to create new and unique works that will also be interesting and talented. The author says that the fate of the people, first of all, is connected with the fate and history of the language. It is worth remembering that when the writer himself wrote this miniature, he was far from his homeland, and only language was an important link between him and his native country. Only in separation was the writer able to understand and realize how important the Russian language was for him.
Despite the fact that Turgenev spoke foreign languages and made many translations, the Russian language always remained the most important for him. He made translations only so that foreigners could also join Russian literature and find out how diverse the Russian language is, how talented Russian authors are. As Ivan Turgenev himself claimed, he believed in the generosity and spiritual beauty of his people, who could always overcome any obstacles.
Expressive means
The main idea of Turgenev's poem is faith in a people who have been given such a beautiful and magnificent language, which is why such a people must have a future. And this belief is expressed by the author with the help of various artistic means. So, the writer in his text uses the epithet "great". The lexical meaning of this word means that one who exceeds any measure, and his merits stand out among other similar qualities.
Mighty is also an epithet, meaning that the phenomenon has power and strength, unusual power and influence. The epithet is the word "truthful", which has the meaning of truth and truth. The word “free” is also an epithet, the meaning of which means one who absolutely does not tolerate any obstacles to freedom or restrictions.
The use of several epithets in a row indicates that the author uses stylistic speech figures in his work, which help to convey the mood and emotions of the writer.
Analysis of the Turgenev miniature "Russian language"
Turgenev's miniature "Russian Language" is very lyrical and conveys the author's thoughts. This work is written in prose, so there is no poetic rhyme in it, but the feelings and moods of the writer are clearly visible. Ivan Turgenev writes this poem to show how much he loves his homeland. Unlike other works of the great master of the word, its ending is not at all tragic, it inspires and makes it possible to be proud that each of us speaks this language.
In this work, which is so beautifully written, there is no plot, but there is a composition and the author's position, which is expressed directly, vividly and richly. The whole composition is divided into several parts, only this division, of course, is conditional. So, I will try to divide them more clearly into parts. The first part is an appeal to language as a vital support. The author explains when and how he refers to it. Accordingly, the reader can see the time, the reason and even the conditions under which the author thinks about his native language and turns to him for help.
The second part is already a characteristic of the native language, which Ivan Turgenev gives. The third part contains a long and very deep rhetorical question that is addressed to the reader. The author himself uses the repeated assertion that in the most difficult times for him, his native language always saves him. The fourth part, which, like the rest, is small in volume, contains a discussion about what the author himself thinks about his native language. After all, he never doubted that only such a strong and powerful people could have such a strong and beautiful language.
Therefore, the author appeals to everyone who is able to understand and appreciate all the power that speakers have in a beautiful powerful language, which contains a huge number of words and any object and phenomenon has a name and designation. That is why the language spoken and written by the great masters of the word is developed, melodious and beautiful. And this language, in experienced hands, can become both a powerful weapon and a gentle and affectionate tool for achieving everything in this life. The strength and power of the native Turgenev language cannot but amaze, but only requires a careful and caring attitude towards it.
The unusual pride of the writer, who, even being outside his homeland, continues to be proud of his country and talk about its fate is respected. The author himself made a great contribution to the fact that people who live in other countries and speak other languages can get acquainted with Russian culture and recognize the national character of our people. The literary heritage left by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev allows foreigners to better understand not only the mentality of our people, but also to show what a huge legacy the descendants inherited in the form of the great and mighty Russian language.
The native speakers of the Russian language themselves can only understand what kind of treasure they possess.
"Turgenev Poems in Prose" - "Poems in Prose" were written by I.S. Turgenev at the end of his life, in 1878-1882. Rhythm, meter, rhyme. Lyric genres. Poetry, poem. I. S. Turgenev (1818 - 1883). close to the author. Krupko Anna Ivanovna, No. 233-103-883. Experiences, feelings. "V" - already knew (a), "+" - new, "-" - thought (a) differently, "?" - I do not understand, there are questions.
"Heroes of Bezhin Meadow" - Pavlusha is distinguished by efficiency, courage, sobriety of mind. Means of artistic expression. Are all the characters in the story able to feel the mystery and beauty of the world around them? What brings Kostya closer to other guys? V.A. Makovsky. 1879. I.S. Turgenev. Fedya. Do you remember literary works where such a situation occurs?
"Turgenev Bezhin Meadow" - The author's speech is musical, melodic, full of bright, memorable epithets: "sparkling crimson bushes", "red, golden streams of young, hot light." Lesson on the topic: "The magical beauty and power of the Russian word." The hunter admired the boys The heroes of Bezhina Meadows are peasant boys. "It was a beautiful July day."
"Ivan Turgenev" - In the works of Turgenev, traces of Lutovin's antiquity clearly appear. … Do I love my homeland? The center of the estate is a two-storey wooden house decorated with columns. R o dosl o v n and I. “When will you be in the rescue…”. Painting by artist b. Shcherbakov. There, the air seems to be “full of thoughts”! ..
"Turgenev Fathers and Sons" - A. Panaeva. P. Weil, A. Genis. Teacher of Russian language and literature. MOU secondary school No. 2 ZATO p. Solnechny Olovyannikova Elena Petrovna. Such is the ideal harmony of being in the view of Turgenev. "Fathers and Sons" is perhaps the most noisy and scandalous book in Russian literature. Socio-philosophical, polemical.
"Turgenev biography" - What story are we talking about? One of the main topics in the novel is the theme of relations between generations. Cat in a poke 2 (3 minds). What was the reason for the arrest of the writer? Biography 2 (3 minds). Methodical work. Heroes and works 1 (1um). Turgenev left Sovremennik forever. 1. 1828 - 1910 2. 1818 - 1883 3. 1809 - 1852 4. 1812 - 1891.
In total there are 28 presentations in the topic
F.I. Tyutchev
We are not given to predict
b...
We can't predict
As our word will respond, -
And sympathy is given to us,
How do we get grace...
I. S. Turgenev
Poem in prose "Russian language".
In days of doubt, in days of painful reflections on the fate of my homeland - you are my only support and support, O great, powerful, truthful and free Russian language. - Without you - how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything that happens at home? - But you can not believe that such a language was not given to a great people.
June 1882
K. Balmont
I am the sophistication of Russian slow speech,
Before me are other poets - forerunners,
I first discovered in this speech deviations,
Perepevnye, angry, gentle ringing.
I am a sudden break
I am the playing thunder
I am a clear stream
I am for everyone and no one.
The splash is multi-foam, torn-fused,
Semi-precious stones of the original land,
Forest green May roll calls -
I will understand everything, I will take everything, taking it away from others.
Forever young as a dream
Strong in love
Both in yourself and in others,
I am an exquisite verse.
Valery Bryusov
Native language
My faithful friend! my enemy is insidious!
My king! my slave! native language!
My poems are like altar smoke!
How fierce is my cry!
You gave wings to a crazy dream,
You wrapped your dream in fetters,
Saved me in the hours of impotence
And crushed with excess strength.
How often in the mystery of strange sounds
And in the hidden sense of words
I found a tune - unexpected,
Poems that took possession of me!
But often, joy exhausted
Ile quiet intoxicated with longing,
I waited in vain to be in tune
With a trembling soul - your echo!
You wait like a giant.
I bow before you.
And yet I won't stop fighting
I am like Israel with a deity!
There is no limit to my perseverance,
You are in eternity, I am in short days,
But still, as a magician, submit to me,
Or turn the madman to dust!
Your wealth, by inheritance,
I, impudent, demand myself.
I'm calling, you answer
I'm coming - you be ready to fight!
But, defeated or winner,
I will fall down before you:
You are my Avenger, you are my Savior
Your world is forever my abode,
Your voice is the sky above me!
1911
I. A. Bunin
WORD
The tombs, mummies and bones are silent,
Only the word is given life:
From the ancient darkness, on the world churchyard,
Only letters are heard.
And we have no other property!
Know how to save
Though to the best of my ability, in the days of anger and suffering,
Our immortal gift is speech.
Moscow, 1915
N. Gumilyov
Word
On that day, when over the new world
God bowed his face, then
The sun was stopped by a word,
In a word, cities were destroyed.
And the eagle did not flap its wings,
The stars huddled in horror against the moon,
If, like a pink flame,
The word floated above.
And for the low life there were numbers
Like domestic, under-yoke cattle,
Because all shades of meaning
Smart number transmits.
The patriarch is gray-haired, under his arm
Conquering both good and evil,
Not daring to turn to the sound,
He drew a number in the sand with a cane.
But we forgot that shining
Only a word amid earthly anxieties,
And in the Gospel of John
It is said that the Word is God.
We set him a limit
The meager limits of nature.
And, like bees in an empty hive,
Dead words stink.
1919
I. Selvinsky
To the question of Russian speech
I say: "went", "wandered",
And you: “went”, “wandered”.
And suddenly, as if by a breeze of wings
It dawned on me!
Since then, I can't get over...
It's all right, of course.
But with this "la" you are at every turn
Emphasized: "I am a woman!"
I remember we walked together then
Right up to the station
And you without the slightest paint of shame
Again: “went”, “said”.
You go, with the naivete of purity
Concealing everything like a woman.
And it seemed to me that you
Like a naked statue.
You babbled. She walked nearby.
Laughing and breathing.
And I ... I only heard: "la",
"Ayala", "ala", "yala"...
And I fell in love with your verbs
And with them in braids, shoulders!
How will you understand without love
All the charm of Russian speech?
1920
A. Akhmatova
COURAGE
We know what's on the scales now
And what is happening now.
The hour of courage has struck on our clocks,
And courage will not leave us.
It's not scary to lie dead under the bullets,
It's not bitter to be homeless,
And we will save you, Russian speech,
Great Russian word.
We will carry you free and clean,
And we will give to our grandchildren, and we will save us from captivity Forever!
N. Zabolotsky
Reading
poems
Curious, funny and subtle:
A verse almost like a verse.
The muttering of a cricket and a child
The writer has comprehended perfectly.
And in the nonsense of crumpled speech
There is a certain sophistication.
But is it possible human dreams
To sacrifice these amusements?
And is it possible the Russian word
Turn into a chirping carduelis,
To make sense a living foundation
Couldn't you sound through it?
Not! Poetry puts up barriers
Our inventions, for she
Not for those who, playing charades,
Puts on a sorcerer's cap.
The one who lives the real life
Who has been accustomed to poetry since childhood,
Forever believes in the life-giving,
Full of reason Russian language.
1948
M. Dudin
Clear words grow old 
from room climate,
And I love it when the grass
Washed out by spring rain.
And I love crispy crust
When he cuts himself with a ski,
When it's all over you
Unexpected freshness.
And I love how cute hands
Winds touch,
When the longing of parting enters
Fire in a poem.
And I love it when the way
Smoking in the snow
And I love to wander alone
On the dark paths of memory.
For what I could not invent,
What the soul did not dream about.
And if there is a god in the world,
Then it's you - Poetry.
1955
V. Shefner
THE WORDS
Many words on earth. There are daily words -
The blue of the spring sky shines through them.
There are night words that we talk about during the day
We remember with a smile and sweet shame.
There are words - like wounds, words - like a court, -
They do not surrender with them and do not take prisoners.
Words can kill, words can save
In a word, you can lead the shelves behind you.
In a word, you can sell, and betray, and buy,
The word can be poured into smashing lead.
But there are words for all words in our language:
Glory, Motherland, Loyalty, Freedom and Honor.
I dare not repeat them at every step, -
Like banners in a case, I keep them in my soul.
Who often repeats them - I do not believe that
He will forget about them in fire and smoke.
He will not remember them on the burning bridge,
They will be forgotten by another in a high position.
Anyone who wants to cash in on proud words
Countless dust offends the heroes,
Those in dark forests and damp trenches,
Without repeating these words, they died for them.
Let them not serve as a bargaining chip, -
Keep them in your heart as a golden standard!
And do not make them servants in petty life -
Take care of their original purity.
When joy is like a storm, or sorrow is like night,
Only these words can help you!
1956
B. Akhmadulina
CANDLE
Gennady Shpalikov
Just something - so that there is a candle,
Candle simple, wax,
And age old fashioned
This will keep your memory fresh.
And your pen will hasten
To that ornate letter,
Intelligent and intricate
And good will fall on the soul.
You are already thinking about friends
Increasingly, in the old way,
And a stearic stalactite
Do it with tenderness in your eyes.
And Pushkin looks kindly
And the night has passed, and the candles go out,
And the gentle taste of native speech
So clean lips cold.
1960
B. Okudzhava
TWO GREAT WORDS
Don't be afraid of the word "blood" -
blood, it is always beautiful,
blood is bright, red and passionate,
"blood" rhymes with "love".
This rhyme is an ancient way!
Didn't you swear by her
with my very littleness,
what is rich and not rich?
Her fever is inevitable...
Didn't you swear by it
at the moment when one was left
with an enemy bullet for one?
And when he fell in battle
these two great words,
like a red swan
again
shouted your song.
And when he disappeared in the edge
eternal winters,
like a grain of sand
those two great words
shouted your song.
The world shook.
But again
in the cold, flame and abyss
these two great songs
so merged that they cannot be separated.
And don't trust the doctors
what to improve blood
kilogram of raw carrots
should be eaten in the morning.
I. Brodsky
We will be invisible, so that againplay at night, and then look for
in the blue phenomenon of the word
unreliable grace.
Is the sound so careful?
Is it for the name of the dragee?
We exist by the grace of God
contrary to the words of the soothsayers.
And brighter than stainless steel
a fleeting oval of a wave.
We are free to distinguish the details,
we are full of river silence.
Let them not become older and stricter
and live on the edge of the river,
we are obedient to the grace of God