What do Tatars think about Russians. Russians are not Tatars

14.10.2021 -

The Golden Horde state had a significant impact on the Russians. From the Tatars, they learned a lot in various areas - in the field of public administration, diplomacy, the military system, and even cooking.

The Russians entered the historical stage in the 9th century. The dynasty, created by a native of Scandinavia, Rurik, who died in 879, ruled Russia until the 17th century. At that time, there was not even such a toponym as "Moscow". The center of control was Kyiv. Zeynep Dramalı examines the process of Moscow's ascension in a work titled "History Reversed".

New center of political power - Moscow

The Mongols of Genghis Khan came to Russia in the 1230s. Kievan Rus did not manage to withstand the Mongols' raids. The Russians were for a long time under the rule of the Golden Horde, created by the grandson of Genghis Khan - Batu Khan.

Moscow was first built in 1156 on the territory of the modern Kremlin Palace. As a city, Moscow began to develop from the moment Kyiv was captured by the Mongols. When Yuri III, with the support of the Golden Horde Khan, received the title of "Great Moscow Prince", Moscow became a separate principality. With the support of the Golden Horde, this principality will become stronger than the Tver, Pskov and Novgorod principalities. In 1326, the metropolitan of the Russian Orthodox Church will move to Moscow.

From Moscow to all Russia

The strategic position and the virtual lack of control by the Golden Horde made Moscow the Mecca of the Orthodox Slavs. During the reign of Ivan Danilovich I (1325-1341), Moscow became the center of the country. During the reign of Ivan I, the "Moscow Prince" became the "Grand Duke of All Russia." And his grandson Dmitry raised an uprising against the Mongols.

During the reign of Ivan III from 1462 to 1505, all Russian territories were under the rule of Moscow. In 1502, the Golden Horde ceased to exist, and the Tatar khanates that became its successors posed a threat to Moscow.

The influence of Tatars on Russians

After the invasion of Genghis Khan's son Jochi, Russia remained under Mongol rule for 250 years. During this period, Russia consisted of many principalities that were not in any political union. The princes notified the khans of their loyalty to them and, coming to bow, received permission to stay in power. It is curious that from 1242 to 1430 the Russian princes visited the palace of the Golden Horde rulers 70 times. Coming to the khans, the Russian princes left their children there as hostages. The princes who lived in the center of the Golden Horde and subsequently headed the Russian principalities were under the influence of the Mongols during the days of the hostage, and studied the specifics of state administration there. Standing back to back with the Golden Horde state, the Moscow principality became the strongest in Russia.

Many princes and Russian dignitaries took Mongolian girls as wives. The Russian upper stratum underwent cultural Mongolization. Many Tatars from the khanates that arose after the collapse of the Golden Horde (Crimean, Kazan, Kasimov) entered the service of the Russian princes and eventually became Christians. Many Russian aristocrats who played an important role in Russian history were of Tatar origin. Statesmen with Tatar roots taught the Moscow Principality of the Mongolian state organization and management concepts. The Golden Horde military system had a great influence on the Russians.

The influence of the Mongols is also observed in the economic and financial fields. Following the example of the Golden Horde, tax and monetary systems were created. We can see echoes of this process in the Russian language. For example, the word "customs" comes from the word "tamga" (or "trade duty"), the word "money" - from the Mongolian "tenge". From the Tatars, the Russians learned the more common use of postal organization, horse-drawn carts. The influence of the Tatars in the diplomatic field is also great. The Russian princes learned the rules and traditions of diplomacy from the Golden Horde state.

They also adopted Tatar cuisine

The decoration of the Russian boyars coincided with the attire of the Tatar nobility. In connection with the prevalence of Tatar clothing among Russians, the Stoglavy Cathedral, convened in 1551, forbade Russians to enter the church in headdresses borrowed from Muslims. Words that exist in Russian such as shoe (shoes), beshmet (quilted coat), aziam (a long caftan used by Tatar peasants), zipun (a coat without a collar made of homespun cloth), caftan (a long, decorated piece of clothing, in the manufacture of which homespun cloth was no longer used), shlyk, hood, cap (headwear), morocco (a type of leather, morocco), kumach (cotton fabric of bright red color), hood (headdress of an Orthodox monk), lanyard (loop on the handle of cold weapons) , clearly show how great the influence of the Tatars in this area.

Russians adopted a lot from Tatar food and drinks. Russian researchers wrote about the fact that tea entered Russia thanks to the Tatars. The preparation of bread, known in Russia as “Kalach” (wheat bread, shaped like a castle), was also taught to Russians by the Tatars. According to certain estimates, the number of Turkic borrowings denoting a piece of clothing has at least 300 words, and those related to cooking - about 280. In general, there are about 2,000 Turkisms in the Russian language. Akdes Nimet Kurat actively studied this issue in his works on the Turkic peoples in Russia and the Northern Black Sea region. The book entitled "The Golden Horde and Russia" (author - Ilyas Kamalov) provides comprehensive information on this topic.

Golden Horde state

As a result of the campaigns of the Mongols in the second quarter of the 13th century, the Golden Horde state (Golden Horde, Ulus Jochi) was created on the territory of the Polovtsian steppe, Khorezm, the North Caucasus, Crimea and Volga Bulgaria. The Golden Horde, created by the son of Jochi, Batu Khan, ruled this region from 1242 to 1502, the majority of the population of which were Cumans, Volga Bulgars and other Turkic peoples. The Mongols were first-class military and rulers. Under Khan Berke (1256-1266), the Golden Horde converted to Islam. During the reign of Uzbek Khan (1312-1341), Islam spread throughout the country. Over time, having mixed with the Turks in this region, the Mongols underwent Turkization. The Golden Horde turned into a Turkic Islamic state. The peoples who inhabited the northern coast of the Black Sea were referred to as Tatars.

Relationship with Byzantium

Ivan III, having married the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, Sophia Palaiologos, established ties between the Byzantine dynasty and the Russian rulers. There was a belief among the people that the crown and scepter, thrown into the sea during the conquest of Byzantium by the Ottomans, reached Russia by swimming.

First king

At the end of 1546, the Russian ruler Ivan the Terrible, turning to Metropolitan Macarius, asked for blessings to be married to the kingdom, to bear the title of "king" and the crown. On January 16, 1547, a wedding ceremony and conferment of the royal title was held. This title, which is believed to come from one of the titles of the rulers of the Roman Empire "Caesar", was a demonstration of the thesis that the Muscovite princes were the successors of Byzantium, that is, the Eastern Roman Empire.

Facts and arguments about the so-called "Tatars"

There are facts and their interpretation.

Fact is truth, interpretation is truth. The truth is the truth as I imagine it to be.

Okay, enough about the arguments. GIVE THE FACTS!

1. There was no people who called themselves "Tatars". Some call themselves that, but in reality it is a voluntarily adopted nickname imposed by the "imperial greats". The Crimean Tatars are in fact the descendants of the Khazars and Kazakh clans (I once went on a business trip to Kazakhstan, studied my Turkic roots and was surprised to learn that both of them have the Gireev and Nogaev clans, again mine [Khazarin] the roots were found in the Crimea, Kazakhstan, Hungary and Udmurdia, it looks like it was once one kind), the Kazan Tatars are the Volga Bulgars, the Nogais are the same Kazakhs, the "Siberian Tatars" are again the same Kazakhs. Kuchum, who is the "despicable king of Siberia" and Yermak, were representatives of relatives competing for power, and the "conquest of Siberia" was in fact a civil strife, if you like, a civil war between a great-uncle and a nephew financed by the trading clan of the Strogov oligarchs

2. Tatars in language are Turkic peoples. Here is a short list of the main Turkic peoples (according to Wikipedia):

The difference in language and culture among all East European and Kazakh-Siberian Turkic peoples is much less than among European peoples within their language group [in other words, there are fewer Crimean, Kazan Tatars and Kazakhs than between Russians and Ukrainians, and Kazakhs and the Kyrgyz were generally confused even in the first half of the 20th century].

3. The so-called "Tatars" are for the most part (and mostly noble families) the same carriers of DNA; R1a genome, as well as "ethnic Russians" (in fact, all descendants of the Eastern Aryans). Genghis Khan (real name - Timurchi, but in ours - Stalin) and his descendant Tamerlane (Timur-len - Iron Lame, that is, in fact, also Stalin) had red hair, a thick beard and blue eyes. And when Genghis Khan had one grandson, not red, but black-haired, the grandfather refused to recognize the legitimacy of his grandson.

Again, from personal experience - I [Khazarin] was told in Alma-Ata by representatives of the "aristocratic" Kakhakh clans that they remember that their ancestors were white people, fair-haired and blue-eyed.

3. The so-called "Mongols", the so-called "Mongol"-Tatar yoke, have nothing in common with the modern Mongols. Genghis Khan from the Baikal region, most likely was a Khakass or a Tuvan, and his assistant Subudai (Shabotai) was from the "deer people" - Orochs (a small people of the Amur Region and the Khabarovsk Territory - the number is 1000 people, including in Russia - 686 people. (2002 census), in Ukraine - 288 people (2001 census), in the Odessa region 33 people.

About orochs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_arR2CE3_k(By the way, one frosty morning I myself saw three suns in the sky on Sakhalin)

Once on Sakhalin, I [Khazarin] met with Orochs, Nivkhs, and even made friends with a local shaman named Azmun). The Nivkhs are not Turks, but a people close in language and culture to the American Indians (compare: Nivkh-Navahs). And I was also interested in their customs and culture.

4. The so-called "Battle of Kulikovo" was not at all a battle of the oppressed and invaders, suffice it to say that the decisive factor that turned the tide of the battle was the timely unstoppable attack of the Tatar cavalry (who fought on the side of Prince Dmitry).

On the side of Ivan the Terrible, as well as on the side of the Kazan Khanate 50/50, in each camp there were both Tatars and Russians. In fact - the situation was like this - the United state of Russians and Tatars - "Ulus Joshi" (Destiny of Jesus - since the first son of Genghis Khan was called Jesus - Joshi in Tatar [Jochi is the name Joshi \u003d Jesus distorted by Chinese chroniclers]), called by our historians the Golden Horde, broke up into the Crimean Khanate, the Kazan Khanate and the Nogai Horde.

Russian-Tatar troops took Kazan, eliminating the influence of Istanbul on the Volga, and protecting civilians from robber raids, freed tens of thousands of slaves. Tatar units have always been part of the Russian troops, participated in all Russian wars - both internecine and in battles with an external enemy. We can say that the Tatars are just Russian light cavalry. Or Russians - Tatar forged army. The Tatars fought against Mamai on the Kulikovo field together with the Moscow army, the Tatars were the first to attack the enemy in the Swedish and Livonian wars, in 1410, near Grunwald, the combined Polish-Russian-Tatar army utterly defeated the crusaders, breaking the back of the Teutonic Order - and it was the Tatars who took the first blow.

In the future, there was a civil war for the unification of the Ulus Joshi (called Tartaria by Western historians), which began with the Battle of Kulikovo, and ended already at the time of "Ochakov and the conquest of Crimea"!

5. The times of the so-called "Tatar yoke" for Russia, especially its part subject to the Horde - the Moscow Principality, were times of cultural and religious flourishing, which is not consistent with the official concept.

And in the 16th century, Mamai's grandson, Ivan the Terrible, came to power. During his reign in Russia:

Jury introduced

Free Primary Education (Church Schools)

Medical quarantine at the borders

Local elected self-government instead of voivodes

For the first time, a regular army appeared (and the first military uniform in the world - for archers)

Tartar raids stopped

Equality was established between all segments of the population (do you know that serfdom did not exist at that time in Russia at all? The peasant was obliged to sit on the land until he paid for its rent - and nothing more. And his children were considered free from birth in any case! )

Slave labor is prohibited (source: Sudebnik of Ivan the Terrible)

The state monopoly on the fur trade introduced by Grozny was abolished only 10 (ten) years ago.

The territory of the country is increased by 30 times!

The emigration of the population from Europe exceeded 30,000 families (those who settled along the Zasechnaya line were paid a raise of 5 rubles per family. Account books have been preserved)

The growth in the welfare of the population (and taxes paid) during the reign amounted to several thousand (!) Percent

During the entire reign, there was not a single executed without trial or investigation, the total number of “repressed” was from three to four

Thousand. (And the times were dashing - remember St. Bartholomew's night). Now remember what you were told about Ivan the Terrible at school? What he

Bloody tyrant and lost the Livonian War, and Russia was shaking in horror?

And more "about the birds", sorry, about the Tatars:

In Spanish, Portuguese and Basque, the word Tatarstan is written with two "r":

Tartaristán - in Spanish;

A República do Tartaristão - in Portuguese;

Tatarstan edo Tartaria - in Basque.

Also two "r" are used:

In French, in the name of the sauce in Tatar (fr. Sauce tartare).

In many languages of the world in the name of the Tatar Strait, in particular:

Strait of Tartary - in English;

Stretto dei Tartari - in Italian;

Tartarsundet - in Norwegian;

Estreito da Tartaria - in Galician.

Irik Musin. Life line. year 2014.

In penitential collections of the 14th century, a kiss with an open mouth and the use of tongue was called Tatar. And only in the XVIII century such kisses began to be called already French.

* * *

In English, a stubborn or stubborn boy is called “young tartar” (“Tatar”), and when “meeting a stronger opponent”, the English say “to catch a Tartar” (“run into a Tatar”).

* * *

There is a common phrase in Japanese: “Tatar step” or “Tatar step”, which indicates something important and decisive.

Irik Musin. Touch. year 2013.

According to the "Explanatory Dictionary" of V. I. Dahl and the Encyclopedic Dictionary of F. A. Brockhaus and I. A. Efron, the cry "hurray" comes from the Tatar word "ur" - bay.

* * *

In 1612, the first printed book in the Tatar language was published in the printing house of the German city of Leipzig.

* * *

In Japan, samurai swords are still forged from Tatara steel, which was brought to the Land of the Rising Sun by the Tatars, presumably in the 7th century.

Alfrid Shaimardanov. Genghis Khan at the North Pole. 1995

Original entry and comments on

Genetic studies have shown that
Russians are one of the most pure-blooded peoples in Eurasia. Recent joint
studies of Russian, British and Estonian genetic scientists have put
a big and bold cross on the common Russophobic myth, which has been introduced into the
people's consciousness - they say, "scratch a Russian and you will definitely find a Tatar."

The results of a large-scale experiment,

published in The American Journal of Human Genetics
they say quite unambiguously that “despite the widely held opinions about the strong
Tatar and Mongolian impurities in the blood of Russians, inherited by their ancestors back in
the times of the Tatar-Mongol invasion, the haplogroups of the Turkic peoples and others
Asian ethnic groups left virtually no trace on the population of modern
northwestern, central and southern regions.

Like this. In this long-term dispute, we can safely put an end to it and consider
further discussion on this matter is simply irrelevant.

We are not Tatars. We are not Tatars. No influence on the so-called Russian genes. "Mongol-Tatar
yoke" did not work.

We, Russians, did not have any admixture of Turkic "Horde blood" and do not have.

Moreover, genetic scientists, summing up their research, declare
almost complete identity of the genotypes of Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians, proving
by the very fact that we were and remain one people: “genetic variations
Y-chromosomes of the inhabitants of the central and southern regions of Ancient Russia turned out to be
almost identical to those of Ukrainians and Belarusians.”

One of the project leaders, Russian geneticist Oleg Balanovsky admitted
interview with Gazeta.ru that Russians are practically a monolithic people with
genetic point of view, destroying another myth: “everything was mixed up, purely
Russians are no more. On the contrary, there were Russians and there are Russians. One people
a single nation, a monolithic nationality with a clearly defined special genotype.

Further, examining the materials of the remains from the most ancient burials, scientists
established that "Slavic tribes mastered these lands (Central and Southern
Russia) long before the mass migration to them in the 7th-9th centuries of the main part
ancient Russians. That is, the lands of Central and Southern Russia were inhabited
Russians (Rusichs) already, at least in the first centuries A.D. If not before.

This allows us to debunk another Russophobic myth - that Moscow and
the surrounding areas, allegedly, from ancient times were inhabited by Finno-Ugric tribes and
Russians there are “aliens”. We, as geneticists have proven, are not aliens, but
completely autochthonous inhabitants of Central Russia, where the Russians lived with
time immemorial. “Despite the fact that these lands were inhabited even before
the last glaciation of our planet about 20 thousand years ago, evidence,
directly pointing to the presence of any "original" peoples who lived on this
territory, no,” the report states. That is, there is no evidence that
before us, some other tribes lived on our lands, which we supposedly
displaced or assimilated. If I may say so, we live here from
creation of the world.

Scientists have also determined the distant boundaries of the habitat of our ancestors: “analysis
skeletal remains indicates that the main zone of contacts of Caucasians with
people of the Mongoloid type was located on the territory of Western Siberia. And if
take into account that archaeologists who unearthed the oldest burials of the 1st millennium BC.
on the territory of Altai, found there the remains of pronounced Caucasians (not
speaking of the world-famous Arkaim), the conclusion is obvious. Our ancestors
(ancient Russians, Proto-Slavs) - originally lived throughout the territory
modern Russia, including Siberia, and quite possibly the Far East. So that
the campaign of Ermak Timofeevich with his comrades for the Urals from this point of view was quite
legal return of previously lost territories.

That's it, friends. Modern science destroys Russophobic stereotypes and myths,
knocking the ground out from under the feet of our "friends" liberals.

Genogeographer Oleg Balanovsky: “Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians on

the level of the gene pool sometimes it is not possible to distinguish

Five years have passed
since "KP" in the article "The Sensational Discovery of Scientists: The Mystery Revealed
of the Russian gene pool” spoke about the work of gene geographer Oleg Pavlovich
Balanovsky with colleagues and their studies of the gene pool of the Russian people.

"I want to

learn how the Russian gene pool works and try modern features
restore its history,” the scientist said at the time. Today, in the light of new data
science, we will return to this conversation.

DON'T SCRAPE THE RUSSIANS

Oleg Pavlovich, where did the Russian people come from? Not the ancient Slavs, but
exactly the Russians?

Regarding the Russians, it can only be said for sure that the Mongol conquest
XIII century, contrary to popular belief, did not affect the gene pool - in
Russian populations practically do not show Central Asian variants
genes.

That is, the famous expression of the historian Karamzin “scratch the Russian - you will find
Tatar" is not confirmed by science?

Before geneticists, the Russian people were studied by anthropologists for a long time. How much
Do your results match or disagree with theirs?

Genetic studies of peoples are often taken as the final word
Sciences. But it's not! Before us worked mainly anthropologists. studying
the appearance of the population (as we study genes), they described the similarity and
differences between the population of different regions and from this reconstructed the ways of their
origin. Our entire field of science has grown out of ethnic, racial
anthropology. Moreover, the level of work of the classics remains largely
unsurpassed.

By what parameters?

For example, on the details of the study of the population. Anthropologists have examined more than
170 populations within the historical territory of the settlement of the Russian people. BUT
we in our research - so far 10 times less. Perhaps that is why
Viktor Valeryanovich Bunak (an outstanding Russian anthropologist, one of
founders of the Soviet anthropological school. - Ed.) and was able to highlight
as many as 12 types of the Russian population, and we are only three (northern, southern and
transition).

anthropologists,
linguists and ethnographers have collected information about almost all the peoples of the world.
Huge amounts of information have been accumulated on the physical appearance of the Russian population
(this is the science of somatology) and about skin patterns on the fingers and palms
(dermatoglyphics, which reveals differences in different peoples). Linguistics
has long been studying data on the geography of Russian dialects and on the distribution of thousands
Russian surnames (anthroponymy). Many examples of similarities could be listed.
results of modern genetic research and classical research
anthropologists. But I can’t name a single insurmountable contradiction.

That is the answer
scientists unequivocal - Russians exist as a nation.

This question is not for scientists, but for those people who identify themselves with Russian
people. As long as there are such people, scientists will record the existence of the people.
If these people from generation to generation also speak their own language, then they are ridiculous
attempts to declare such a people non-existent. So, for example, for the Russians and
Ukrainians do not have to worry.

SLAVES - THE CONCEPT IS NOT GENETIC, BUT LINGUISTIC

And yet, how homogeneous is the Russian genotype?

Differences between populations of different regions INSIDE one people (in this
case of Russian) is almost always less than the differences BETWEEN different
peoples. The variability of Russian populations turned out to be higher than, for example,
populations of Germans, but less than the variability of many other European
peoples such as Italians.

That is, Russians differ from each other more than Germans, but less than
Italians?

Exactly. At the same time, genetic variation within our
the European subcontinent is much less than the variability, for example, in
within the Indian subcontinent. Simply put, Europeans, including
Russians are much more similar to each other than neighboring peoples in
many regions of the planet, between European peoples it is much easier to detect
genetic similarity and harder - differences.

Now many are questioning the existence of "fraternal Slavic peoples"
- Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian ... Say, these are completely different peoples,
quite dissimilar.

- "Slavs"

(as well as "Turks" and "Finno-Ugrians") - these are not genetic concepts at all, but
linguistic! There are Slavic, Turkic and Finno-Ugric groups
languages. And within these groups, genetically distant from each other get along quite well.
friend of the peoples. Let's say between Turks and Yakuts who speak Turkic
languages, it is difficult to find genetic similarity. Finns and Khanty speak
Finno-Ugric languages, but genetically far from each other. So far none
the linguist did not doubt the close relationship of Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian
languages and their belonging to the Slavic group.

What's up

similarities of the gene pools of the three East Slavic peoples, then the initial
studies have shown that they are so similar that sometimes it is impossible to distinguish
succeeds. True, these years we did not stand still and now we have learned to see
subtle differences in the Ukrainian gene pool. Belarusians are from the northern and central
areas across the entire set of studied genes are still indistinguishable from Russians,
the originality of only the Belarusians of Polesye is shown.

WHERE DOES THE RUSSIAN NATION GET TWO FOREFATHERS?

Are Russians Slavs? What is the actual proportion of "Finnish
heritage" in the Russian gene pool?

Russians are, of course, Slavs. Similarities between northern Russian populations and Finns
very small, with the Estonians it is quite high. The problem is that exactly
the same genetic variants are also found among the Baltic peoples (Latvians and
Lithuanians). Our study of the gene pool of northern Russians showed that
interpret its features as inherited from those assimilated by Russians
Finno-Ugric peoples would be an unreasonable simplification. There are features, but they
connect the northern Russians not only with the Finno-Ugric peoples, but also with the Balts, and with
German-speaking people of Scandinavia. That is, these genes - I would venture to guess -
could have been inherited by the ancestors of northern Russians from such ancient times when
neither the Slavs, nor the Finno-Ugric peoples, nor the Germans, nor the Tatars simply existed yet.

you write about
the fact that for the first time the two-component nature of the Russian gene pool was shown for markers
Y-chromosomes (that is, in the male line). What are these two forefathers of the Russian
gene pool?

One genetic "father" of the Russian people is northern, the other is southern. Them
age is lost in the centuries, and origin in the fog. But in any case already
a whole millennium has passed since the inheritance of both "fathers" became common
the property of the entire Russian gene pool. And their current settlement is clearly visible on
map. At the same time, the northern Russian gene pool has similarities with neighboring
Baltic peoples, and the southern one - features of similarity with neighboring Eastern Slavs,
but also with the Western Slavs (Poles, Czechs and Slovaks).

Are they raging
political passions around the study? Is there pressure? Who and how distorts
your data? And for what purposes?

Fortunately, we never met with politics, let alone pressure. BUT
there are a lot of distortions. Everyone wants to fit scientific data to fit their needs.
habitual views. And our data, with an honest approach, is not adjusted to them.
That is why our conclusions in their entirety do not please both sides -
and those who say that the Russian gene pool is "the best" in the world, and those who
declares that it does not exist.

In the January issue of The American Journal of Human Genetics,
published an article about the study of the Russian gene pool, conducted
Russian and Estonian geneticists. The results were unexpected:
in fact, the Russian ethnic group genetically consists of two parts - the indigenous population
South and Central Russia is related to other peoples who speak
Slavic languages, and the inhabitants of the North of the country - with the Finno-Ugric peoples. And the second is pretty
amazing and one might even say sensational moment- typical of Asians
(including the notorious Mongol-Tatars) a set of genes in none of the Russian
populations (neither in the north nor in the south) were found in sufficient numbers.
It turns out that the saying "scratch a Russian - you will find a Tatar" is not true.

classified
secret or gene of "Russianness"

scientific data,
listed below are a terrible secret. Secret secrets.

Formally, these
the data is not classified, since it was obtained by American scientists outside the sphere
defense studies, and even published in some places, but organized around
them, the conspiracy of silence is unprecedented. What is this terrible secret?
the mention of which is a global taboo?

This is the secret of the origin and historical path of the Russian people. Agnation
Why information is hidden - more on that later. First - briefly about the essence of the discovery
American geneticists. There are 46 chromosomes in human DNA, half of it is inherited from
father, half from mother. Of the 23 chromosomes inherited from the father,
one and only - the male Y-chromosome - contains a set of nucleotides,
which is passed down from generation to generation without any change during
millennia. Geneticists call this set a haplogroup. For every living
now a man's DNA contains exactly the same haplogroup as his father, grandfather,
great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, etc. in many generations.

So,
American scientists found that one such mutation occurred 4,500 years ago
on the Central Russian Plain. A boy was born with a slightly different than his father's,
haplogroup, to which they assigned the genetic classification R1a1. paternal
R1a mutated and a new R1a1 arose. The mutation turned out to be very viable.
The genus R1a1, which was initiated by this same boy, survived, in contrast to
millions of other genera that disappeared when their genealogical lines were cut off,
and spread over a vast area. Currently the owners
haplogroups R1a1 make up 70% of the total male population of Russia, Ukraine and
Belarus, and in ancient Russian cities and villages - up to 80%. R1a1 is
biological marker of the Russian ethnic group. This set of nucleotides is
"Russianness" from the point of view of genetics.

Thus, the Russian people in a genetically modern form was born in the European part of present-day Russia about 4,500 years ago. A boy with the R1a1 mutation became the direct ancestor of all men living on earth now, in whose DNA this haplogroup is present. All of them are his biological or, as they used to say, blood descendants and among themselves - blood relatives, together making up a single people - Russian. Realizing this, American geneticists, with the enthusiasm inherent in all emigrants in matters of origin, began to roam the world, take tests from people and look for biological "roots", their own and others. What they have achieved is of great interest to us, since it sheds true light on the historical paths of our Russian people and destroys many established myths.

Now men of the Russian genus R1a1 make up 16% of the total male population
India, and in the higher castes there are almost half of them - 47% Our ancestors migrated from
ethnic focus not only to the east (to the Urals) and to the south (to India and Iran), but also
to the west - to where European countries are now located. On the western
direction, geneticists have complete statistics: in Poland, the owners of the Russian
(Aryan) haplogroup R1a1 make up 57% of the male population, in Latvia, Lithuania,
Czech Republic and Slovakia - 40%, in Germany, Norway and Sweden - 18%, in Bulgaria - 12%,
and in England - the least (3%).

The resettlement of Russian-Aryans to the east, south and west (it was further north to go
just nowhere; and so, according to the Indian Vedas, before coming to India they lived
near the Arctic Circle) has become a biological prerequisite for the formation of a special
language group - Indo-European. These are almost all European languages, some
languages of modern Iran and India and, of course, Russian and ancient Sanskrit,
closest to each other for an obvious reason: in time (Sanskrit) and in
space (Russian language) they stand next to the primary source - Aryan
the parent language from which all other Indo-European languages \u200b\u200bhave grown. "Challenge
impossible. You need to shut up"

The above are irrefutable natural scientific facts, moreover, obtained
independent American scientists. Challenging them is the same as not
agree with the results of a blood test at the clinic. They are not disputed. Them
are just hushed up. They hush up together and stubbornly, they hush up, one might say,
totally. And there are reasons for that. For example, you have to rethink everything that
known about the Tatar-Mongol invasion of Russia.

The armed conquest of peoples and lands has always and everywhere been accompanied by
time of mass rape of local women. In the blood of the male part of the Russian
population should have left traces in the form of Mongolian and Turkic haplogroups.
But they are not! Solid R1a1 - and nothing else, the purity of the blood is amazing.
This means that the Horde that came to Russia was not at all what it is customary to think about it:
if the Mongols were present there, then in a statistically insignificant
quantity, and who was called "Tatars" is not at all clear. Well, which of the scientists
will refute scientific foundations, supported by mountains of literature and great
authorities?!

The second reason, incomparably more weighty, relates to the sphere of geopolitics.
The history of human civilization appears in a new and completely unexpected way.
light, and this cannot but have serious political consequences. During
throughout modern history, the pillars of European scientific and political thought proceeded from
ideas about Russians as barbarians who recently got down from the Christmas trees, from nature
backward and incapable of creative work. And suddenly it turns out that the Russians
- these are the very arias that had a decisive influence on
the formation of great civilizations in India, Iran and Europe itself!

That it is precisely to the Russians that Europeans owe a lot in their prosperous life,
starting with the languages they speak. What is no coincidence in recent history
a third of the most important discoveries and inventions belong to ethnic Russians in
in Russia and abroad. It is no coincidence that the Russian people were able to repel the invasion
united forces of continental Europe under the leadership of Napoleon, and
then Hitler. Etc.

Great historical tradition It is no coincidence, because behind all this is
great historical tradition, thoroughly forgotten for many centuries, but
remaining in the collective subconscious of the Russian people and manifested by every
time the nation faces new challenges. Manifesting with iron
inevitability due to the fact that it has grown on the material, biological
basis in the form of Russian blood, which remains unchanged for four
half a millennium. Western politicians and ideologists have something to think about,
to make the policy towards Russia more adequate in the light of the geneticists discovered
historical circumstances. But they don’t want to think and change anything, hence -
and a conspiracy of silence around the Russian-Aryan theme. The collapse of the myth about the Russian people
The collapse of the myth about the Russian people as an ethnic mixture automatically destroys
another myth is the myth of Russia's multinationality.

Until now, attempts have been made to present the ethno-demographic structure of our country as
vinaigrette from the Russian "you won't understand what mixture" and many indigenous peoples and
alien diasporas. With such a structure, all its components are approximately equal in size,
therefore, Russia is allegedly "multinational". But genetic research
give a very different picture. If you believe the Americans (and the reasons not to believe them
no: they are authoritative scientists, they value their reputation, and lying is such and such
in a pro-Russian way - they have no reasons), it turns out that 70% of the total
The male population of Russia is made up of purebred Russians.

According to the penultimate census (the results of the latter are not yet known),
80% of the respondents consider themselves Russians; 10% more are Russified
representatives of other peoples (it is among these 10%, if you “scratch”, you will find
non-Russian roots). And 20% falls on the remaining 170-odd peoples,
nationalities and tribes living on the territory of the Russian Federation. Total:
Russia is a mono-ethnic, albeit multi-ethnic, country with overwhelming
the demographic majority of natural Russians. This is where it starts to work.
the logic of Jan Hus.

About backwardness Next - about backwardness. This myth has been deeply rooted in
churchmen: they say, before the baptism of Russia, people lived in it in complete savagery. Nothing
yourself "wildness"! Mastered half the world, built great civilizations, taught
natives to their language, and all this long before the birth of Christ ... Not
fits, does not fit the real story with its church version. Is in
the Russian people something primordial, natural, not reducible to religious life.
In the north-east of Europe, in addition to the Russians, there lived, and now live, many peoples,
but none of them created anything even remotely similar to the great Russian
civilization. The same applies to other places of civilizational activity.
Russian-Aryans in antiquity. Natural conditions are different everywhere, and ethnic
the environment is different, therefore, the civilizations built by our ancestors did not
are the same, but there is something in common for all of them: they are great according to the historical scale
values and far exceed the achievements of their neighbors.

It is even difficult to say about the situation that happened on December 30 in Kazan, what is more in it - ridiculous absurdity or outrageous violation of the law and elementary logic. Expert of the National Strategy Institute Rais Suleymanov, the most famous in Tatarstan and one of the most famous and authoritative opponents of radical Islamism, pan-Turkism and the cultivation of these phenomena in Tatarstan in Russia, was arrested ... on charges of extremism.

The reason for such a harsh measure was photographs with the symbols of DAISH-ISIS, which several times acted as illustrations for his materials (!!!). To be honest, I have never seen a more vivid visualization of the saying “We were born to make Kafka come true”.

This incident immediately provoked a serious wave of indignation, and the people who made the decision to detain Suleimanova, decided to play back.

On December 31, Rais Ravkatovich was released, while he is still considered an administrative offender and must pay a fine of 1.5 thousand rubles. Far more serious and ominous than this relatively symbolic amount are the trends embodied in the story of the arrest.

Suleimanov has long irritated the influential ethnocratic elites of Tatarstan with his principled struggle against Islamism, Tatar national chauvinism, and the oppression of the Russian and Kryashen population of the republic. (The Kryashens are an Orthodox sub-ethnicity of the Tatar people, who are being stubbornly trying to strip their identity, much like the Russians in Ukraine.) Annoyance has especially increased since the escalation of tensions in Russian-Turkish relations. Tatarstan, unlike most other republics of the Russian Federation with the titular Turkic nations, has not suspended ties with Ankara, and indeed, has taken a rather ambiguous position.

Suleimanov reacted to what was happening with articles and. The result is obvious, literally immediately after the second material, Suleymanov ended up behind bars. There is something for the federal authorities and our nascent civil society to seriously think about.

The conflict provoked by the Kazan ethnocrats and the retreat of the Tatars from the Russians would be an unthinkable tragedy for both peoples. Tatars are traditionally close and friendly to Russians, like few others, one can even say that the Tatars for the most part are politically Russian.

Their Islam is extremely peaceful and often plays the role of a cultural marker rather than a real religious factor. From the average Orthodox or secular Russian from Moscow, the average Kazan Tatar differs no more than a Russian evangelist or a Buddhist in the spirit of B.B. Grebenshchikov. We have absolutely nothing to share and no reason to. Alas, some people in Kazan believe that the subject of division exists. It is even more regrettable that these "someone", obvious enemies of the Russian and Tatar peoples, have influential sympathizers and lobbyists in the capital's bureaucratic apparatus.

An example of this is at least the revolutionary changes that have taken place and are planned in history textbooks and official historiography in general. Joyful voices are heard - hurray, finally the Golden Horde was made an organic positive part of the Russian past and continues to be strengthened in this status. But who, tell me, needs the construct “Russian means Horde”?

Islamic part of our country?

However, the Horde converted to Islam rather late and for the majority of Muslims in Russia it is not a positive or negative factor in self-consciousness, Caucasians are almost completely indifferent. Tatars as an ethnic group?

They, as already mentioned above, are extremely close to the Russians without any Golden Horde constructions.

Most of the Tatars, including those I know personally, treat the Horde theme calmly or even with irony; Gabdulla Tukay and Musa Jalil are much more significant for them than any of the khans of the Ulus Jochi. In addition, if not the entire modern Tatar ethnos, then its backbone is the genetic continuation of the Volga Bulgaria, defeated by the Horde, the confusion of the names of the victim and the invader is just a historical incident.

The theory of the sign of equality between Tatarstan and the Golden Horde is criticized by many members of the academic community of the republic, for example, such an authoritative member as Professor Mirfatykh Zakiev. Such philosophizing is necessary and beneficial not for the Tatar people, but for a relatively small group of republican officials, ethnocratic activists and representatives of the Muslim clergy associated with Islamism.

And even more, it seems, they are needed by the inhabitants of the capital's offices, completely devoid of historical and national feeling, who are only striving to put an extra tick in the column "measures to harmonize interethnic relations."

Patriotic, well-intentioned and, at the same time, overly cautious people, who try to surround the dangerous words “Russian” and “Orthodox” with dozens of others, flood them with water of reservations and balancing, are involuntarily assisting the “Golden Horde”, not only concrete, but also understood broadly. Thus, the fruitful interaction of peoples, traditional for Russia, carried out for the sake of the common good, turns out to be absurd and replaced by tolerant multiculturalism, which failed miserably in Europe.

And how can one not rejoice at the open, rabid Russophobes from the camp of Ekho Moskvy, Graney, Novaya Gazeta, etc.? It turns out an outlandish bow of the indifferent, cautious and frantic.

You can often hear the thesis: “Russia in Russian, of course, sounds good, but is this required by the majority of Russians themselves? Does the average Russian citizen care about this issue? Oh, not likely." It is difficult to argue that not every Russian feels the difference between his ethnonym and the pale faceless polytonym "Russian", knows about the fact that the republics and autonomies of the Russian Federation have the status of quasi-states and the absence of any constitutionally enshrined rights for Russians.

On the other hand, all the mentioned nuances are well known to the journalist of Ekho Moskvy, a bureaucrat who signs a decree in his native ulus to reduce the teaching of the Russian language, and a local radical separatist secretly patronized by him.

When the fragile structure of our state, corroded by internal and external causes, begins to crumble, it will be too late to be theatrically surprised that the Russians themselves have brought this to this with their passivity and short-sightedness.

The duo of a bureaucrat and a “protector”, repeating the spell “Russians themselves don’t understand and don’t want to”, to the delight of a Russophobic liberal, is reminiscent of a doctor who believes that the patient does not need to be treated, since he himself does not understand the symptoms of his illness.

I confess frankly: any outrageous savagery like the one that happened to Suleimanov makes me remember the autumn of 1999 and, if not accepted, then with less disgust, treat the campaign that was waged against the Fatherland-All Russia bloc, including Sergei Dorenko's broadcasts. Worse than that bacchanalia was Yeltsin's election campaign in 1996. Dirty, vile, below the belt in every sense.

As a human being, it was insanely pitiful for the late E.M. Primakov, who was listed as number 1 on the OVR list. But Yevgeny Maksimovich had the political misfortune to associate his name with a force whose foundation was the most centrifugally minded ethno-regional elites. The victory of the OVR with Aushev, Shaimiev, Rakhimov would lead to a fairly rapid confederalization of the country, open persecution and ousting of Russians and pro-Russian residents from the national republics, in the medium term - to the "Yugoslav option".

In 1999 - 2000 the unfortunate development of events was slowed down. But, as we see today, do not stop.

Ethnically Russians in the Russian Federation are over 80%. With the politically Russians (I hope Raisa won't be offended if I include him in their ranks), this figure, I think, goes off scale for 90%. The bloc opposing them, relatively small in composition, but, unfortunately, possessing the most serious resources (including those of foreign origin), is committing a state crime of historical proportions. Turning a blind eye to the antics of this organized crime group is not much better than being a direct participant in it.

The Mongol-Tatar yoke is traditionally regarded in Russia as a black streak in the history of the country. But the Tatars were not only the conquerors of Russia. Tatar culture has deeply penetrated Russian culture, making us who we are. No wonder they say: "Scratch a Russian - you will find a Tatar."

Russia and the Golden Horde

When the Mongol conquerors invaded Russian lands in the 13th century, they became easy prey for them. It was a weak and fragmented country, where there was no central authority. The invaders founded their state in the neighborhood of Russia, which included the Volga region, the North Caucasus, the Crimea and the Polovtsian steppes. The population was mostly Turkic. Islam soon became the official religion of this state.

Russian princes fell into vassal dependence on the Tatar khans. The Horde decided who would be the prince in Russia. For this, the applicant came to Sarai-Batu, and later to Sarai-Berke, in order to receive a label for reigning. Underage princes remained hostages in the Horde. But they were not in the position of captives or slaves. They were treated with due respect, taught everything that the future ruler should know. In the future, the princes returned to Russia. Many of them became rulers of their lands. They used the knowledge gained in the Horde about public administration and military affairs.

Often, Russian princes married relatives of the khan. Thus, most of the Russian aristocracy has Tatar roots.

Tatars and the rise of Moscow

The creation of a powerful Russian state with its capital in Moscow was largely due to the Mongol-Tatar yoke. Tatar domination brought Russia closer to the countries of the East and protected it from the claims of European conquerors.

Moscow, which was previously only one of the cities of the strong Vladimir principality, gradually became the center of the united Russian lands. The Golden Horde allowed Moscow to rise, as it saw in the Moscow princes loyal vassals and allies against the growing Lithuanian principality. Then Lithuania, where the princes were the Slavs, became a powerful center for the unification of the Slavic lands that were not subject to the Horde.

The Golden Horde khans, indulging the rise of Moscow over all Russian lands, missed the moment when Russia got out of their control. The first independent Russian prince could be called Dmitry Donskoy, who announced his son's successor without asking permission from the Horde. The Battle of Kulikovo did not liberate Russian lands from Tatar domination, but became the beginning of the strengthening of Russia and the weakening of the Golden Horde.

The great Tatar state broke up into Kazan, Astrakhan, Crimean, Siberian, Kasimov khanates. Gradually, these lands became part of the Russian state, and the Tatars themselves became subjects of the Russian tsars.

What did the Russians adopt from the Tatars?

For a long time, the Russian nobility dressed according to the Tatar fashion. By clothing, it was difficult to distinguish a Russian nobleman from a Tatar murza.

In military affairs, the Russians also adopted a lot from the Tatars. The Russian sword was replaced by the Tatar saber. Lighter weapons and armor, high maneuverability helped the Russians win many victories over their European neighbors.

Finances, customs, postal service in Russia were organized according to the Horde pattern. Even the word "coachman" is of Tatar origin.

As for language borrowings, about two thousand words in Russian have Turkic roots. Among them are money (dang - Horde currency), bazaar, bondage, customs (tamga - trade duty).

Even the Russian addiction to tea drinking was brought to our country by the Tatars.

Oddly enough, the Mongol-Tatar yoke was not a curse for Russia. Perhaps it was thanks to the Tatar domination that Russia was able to later become a great and powerful power, and the Russian nation was able to form in its present form.

What do Tatars think about Russians. Russians are not Tatars

Facts and arguments about the so-called "Tatars"

Okay, enough about the arguments. GIVE THE FACTS!

And more "about the birds", sorry, about the Tatars:

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