Herpes: the brain is at risk. The specifics of the treatment of herpes of the brain, its types and symptoms Can the herpes virus affect the spinal cord

More than 80% of the world's population is infected with the herpes simplex virus (Herpes simplex virus), but in the body of most people it is in a dormant state and is activated only during periods of reduced immunity. Herpetic infection mainly affects the mucous membranes of the eyes, lips, external genitalia and skin, and at first glance it seems harmless enough, as it is relatively easy to treat, but in especially severe cases of the course of the disease, it can disrupt the central nervous system and cause the development of encephalitis.

Herpetic encephalitis is an acute infectious lesion of the brain caused by the herpes simplex virus. The disease affects people of all ages (although it is most common in children and the elderly), is common throughout the world and occurs with a frequency of 4-5 cases per 100,000 people. If we talk about its consequences, then they include death and acquired dementia, expressed in the loss of previously acquired knowledge and the difficulty in acquiring new ones.

Etiology and mechanism of disease development

As already mentioned, herpetic encephalitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus (often the first type - HSV-1), which enters the human body by airborne droplets (less often - household) mainly through the mucous membrane of the mouth and enters the central nervous system through the axons of olfactory neurons . The pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood, but scientists have two theories of its development. The first theory is based on the fact that the virus enters the vegetative ganglia, where it undergoes a reactivation process and spreads through all the fibers of the nervous system, and the second suggests that the herpes infection enters the CNS fibers in a latent state and is already there (under the influence of various factors) is reactivated.

Clinical picture of herpetic encephalitis

Herpetic encephalitis most often affects the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain, where foci of necrosis with hemorrhagic lesions are found. Symptoms of the disease can manifest themselves in different ways and depend on which part of the brain is most affected, however, scientists distinguish a characteristic triad of herpetic inflammation, which includes:

• acute fever - a sharp increase in body temperature up to 39 degrees (the temperature does not drop even after taking antipyretics);
• Jackson-type convulsions - can cover both the whole body and a certain area;
• impaired consciousness - from short-term oblivion to deep coma (the consequences of this disorder are most often disappointing, because in 90% of cases a person who has fallen into a coma does not survive).

The above symptoms of the development of the disease occur in all patients without exception, but there are also signs of encephalitis, the manifestation of which will be strictly individual. These include:

• violations of the oculomotor nerve (patients complain of strabismus, "doubling" in the eyes);
• short-term hallucinations (may indicate the development of other diseases of the central nervous system, but require immediate treatment, since their consequences can be unpredictable);
• increased sweating;
• short-term amnesia;
• violations of the vestibular apparatus (the inability to control the movements of your body when walking);
• monoparesis or impaired movement in the limbs of one half of the body (this symptom indicates that the infection mostly affects the temporal lobe of the brain);
• excitation;
• speech disorders.

In addition, encephalitis caused by herpes infection can be suspected by symptoms such as increased protein content in the cerebrospinal fluid, high and lymphopenia. Babies sometimes develop decortication of the brain or hydrocephalus.

Diagnostics

The main methods of diagnosing the disease include magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and biopsy. Also, when making a diagnosis, doctors use data from a blood test on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a biochemical study of the cerebrospinal fluid, where DNA of the herpes simplex virus should be detected.

Basic Treatments

Treatment of herpetic encephalitis must be started immediately, because in its absence, 80% of patients quickly fall into a coma and die, so the symptoms of infection detected in time give a person a chance for life. Sometimes the disease develops at lightning speed and is accompanied by rapid swelling of the brain and subsequent cessation of breathing, and in the event that a person still survives, the symptoms develop in the opposite direction, but persistent residual effects remain. In rare cases (1-2% of all patients), a person recovers without consequences.

Treatment of herpetic brain damage takes place in a hospital, because the risk of sudden respiratory arrest is very high, while doctors begin therapy with medications even without confirming the diagnosis with laboratory tests. As the main drug, the patient is prescribed Acyclovir (in high doses and intravenously), and additional therapy includes the use of antibiotics that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, immunomodulating agents (Interferon), and drugs for symptomatic treatment (antipyretic, anticonvulsant, neuroprotectors).

Herpetic encephalitis is a dangerous disease, the lack of treatment of which can lead to irreversible consequences, therefore, at the first symptoms of its development, you should consult a doctor. Today, scientists are working on the creation of a universal anti-herpetic vaccine, but its effectiveness has not yet been studied enough. The only available method of preventing the development of encephalitis is the regular use of drugs that improve the functioning of the immune system.

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Diseases with similar symptoms:

Viral encephalitis is an inflammatory process of the brain, which is accompanied by damage to the membranes of the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system. The disease is caused by the penetration of viral microorganisms into this area. In most cases, the cause is the herpes virus, as well as diseases that are characteristic only for children, in particular measles, as well as a spectrum of bacteria that are transmitted through insect bites. There are several types of encephalitis - primary and secondary. Often, the encephalitis virus does not live long, but can nevertheless become life-threatening.

Most often, herpes in the brain is recorded in children and adolescents. The route of entry of the virus into the central nervous system is the mucous membrane of the nasal passages. Pathology is highly contagious. Infection can only be avoided by people with strong immunity. The development of the disease in adults is associated with susceptibility to type 1 virus or carriage. The causative agent is able to exist for a long time outside the body. Its viability increases significantly in a humid environment.

The risk of infection is associated with a decrease in immunity in the autumn and spring periods, which determines the seasonality of the incidence. Herpetic encephalitis can develop in one of the following scenarios:

• primary infection. From the mucous membrane of the nose or mouth, the pathogen penetrates to the axons of the sniffing nerves, which opens up access to the central nervous system.
• Virus activation in host. A sharp decrease in immunity associated with a head injury, lack of proper nutrition, frequent stress, the development of tuberculosis, AIDS, malignant neoplasms, rheumatism, activates the pathogen. Pathology affects the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain. In the affected area, an inflammatory process begins, accompanied by swelling and cell death.

The disease is severe and difficult to treat.

The causes of herpes on the head are exactly the same as on all other parts of the body. The immune system reacts to the introduction of the virus by producing specific antibodies that are able to keep its activity under control. But under some circumstances, the body is unable to cope with the activity of the pathogen. These circumstances are:

• decreased immunity;
• stressful situations;
• heavy physical labor;
• inadequate rest;
• malnutrition;
• pregnancy;
• immunodeficiency states.

All herpetic diseases have a similar clinic. The incubation period lasts an average of 21 days after infection. At the initial stage, a person feels unwell, body temperature rises, nausea, dizziness, loss of appetite, and an increase in cervical lymph nodes are possible. The scalp turns red, itching appears, but it is possible that the patient will not notice this under the hair. Symptoms of a herpes infection are similar to a cold or poisoning.

After 1-2 days, characteristic symptoms begin to appear. A temperature jump is fixed, bubbles with liquid appear on the head. When HSV-1 is affected, the entire head can be affected, the patient feels itching, when type 3 of the virus is activated, a rash appears on one side (most often in the back of the head, temples), the affected area is very painful.

Under the influence of external factors, the bubbles open on their own, small erosions are formed. At this stage, a person is very contagious, in addition, there is a risk of introducing bacterial flora into wounds, which can lead to the development of complications. Sores are covered with crusts that fall off without leaving a trace (with HSV-1). In the event of damage to varicella zoster, scars with a deepening may remain on the skin.

In a child, a rash occurs against the background of chicken pox, when herpetic lesions appear throughout the body (from head to toe). Children carry the disease much easier than adults. In two weeks there is a complete recovery.

Depending on the level of the body's defenses, symptoms can persist from 2 to 4 weeks. In the case of herpes zoster on the head, pain along the nerve endings may not pass for a long period of time (from several months to several years).

There are two reasons why painful manifestations of herpes appear under the scalp:

1. infection;
2. Relapse or local manifestation of herpes zoster on the head.

In the first case, infection occurs through direct contact with the patient - for example, using the patient's comb or close contact with his hair. It is especially dangerous to communicate with infected people who are in the third

stage of the disease - even the slightest drop of liquid from a burst vesicle contains many virus cells that penetrate the skin through the slightest damage - scratches or wounds.

Shingles on the head most often occurs in women over 50 years of age, although in recent years the age of patients has begun to decline rapidly. The culprit for the outbreak of the disease is the Varicellazoster virus - it is he who causes children's chickenpox. But, if the children's body in the vast majority of cases easily fights the manifestations of the disease, then an adult has a harder time.

If the first manifestations of herpes are found in the scalp, you need to start treatment as soon as possible, otherwise you will have to deal with more serious health problems later:

• Often, inflammatory processes on the scalp lead to inflammatory processes in the ears or eyes. In especially severe cases, blindness or deafness may develop;
• If the liquid from the bursting bubbles enters the respiratory tract, there is a high probability of developing acute pneumonia;
• Sometimes running shingles on the head can quickly spread throughout the body and even affect the internal organs;
• Damage to the central nervous system - if the ulcers from the vesicles are too deep, then the virus cells can affect the nerve endings, which will lead to a malfunction of the entire system.

If at least once you have encountered manifestations of herpes on your head, be prepared for the fact that the virus will remain in the body forever. In principle, it does not affect the quality of life in any way and manifests itself only under certain circumstances, when the protective forces are greatly reduced.

The main reasons for the activation of the virus:

• hypothermia - it is not without reason that herpes is often referred to as a "cold", since some of its symptoms are similar to colds;
• nervous shock, stress - nervous exhaustion of the body leads to a sharp decrease in immunity;
• malnutrition, a monotonous diet without the necessary vitamins and minerals;
• bad habits;
• poor ecology in the area of ​​​​residence;
• chronic diseases.

These were only the most basic reasons that lead to the fact that the "asleep" virus wakes up and begins to infect a weakened body. At the slightest manifestation of the disease, immediately begin the fight against the virus, monitor your lifestyle and health - and then the herpes on your head will no longer bother you.

Manifestations of pathology are specific and diagnosis usually does not cause difficulties. In addition to rashes on the scalp and itching, a person has other symptoms:

• weakness;
• enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes;
• nausea;
• vomit;
• headache;
• temperature increase up to 39°C;
• loss of appetite.

Herpes of the scalp occurs in 4 stages. Each is characterized by certain features:

1. the first - there is itching, redness of the skin, pain, weakness;
2. the second - bubbles of different sizes (vesicles) are formed, filled with transparent contents;
3. the third - liquid elements burst;
4. the fourth - a scab appears in place of the vesicles.

Within a month after the onset of the disease, the pathological process subsides, however, in immunocompromised patients, discomfort may persist along the nerves affected by the virus (postherpetic neuralgia). Sometimes the sensitivity of the skin is also disturbed. Postherpetic neuralgia worries more often if the disease is complicated by eye damage.

The causes of herpes on the head are the primary infection due to the penetration of the virus through scratches on the skin or its reactivation with a decrease in the body's immune defenses. Various factors can provoke immunodeficiency:

• insufficient physical activity;
• bad habits;
• hormonal changes (menopause, menstruation, pregnancy);
• prolonged stress;
• hypothermia or overheating;
• surgical interventions;
• bad ecology;
• unbalanced diet;
• chronic diseases.

Symptoms, stages and causes

Symptoms of herpes on the head can appear in a complex or singly. There are four stages of the course of the disease:

1. at the initial stage unpleasant sensations appear in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe future focus of the disease - it can be itching, pain, tingling, redness appears later;
2. when the disease passes to the second stage, acute inflammation of the scalp begins, which is accompanied by the formation of painful blisters filled with a clear liquid;
3. the third stage of herpes or a cold on the head is accompanied by the fact that the bubbles spontaneously burst and the fluid that filled them flows out. This is one of the dangerous periods - in addition to the likelihood of harmful microbes getting into open ulcers, the risk of infecting others increases, as the fluid is infected;
4. at the last stage disease, a scab appears in place of the former vesicles (vesicles).

In principle, the body of an adult, not weakened by diseases, is able to overcome the infection without drug treatment - the scab will gradually dry out, the ULCERS will drag on and a full recovery will come. But, if the sick person has bad habits, any chronic diseases or weakened immunity, medications are simply necessary.

Rashes on the head in children and pregnant women

Herpes of the head in children is manifested by itching, pain, redness and burning in the area of ​​​​rashes. Other signs are nausea, drowsiness, fever. Seizures are possible.

In babies, herpetic eruptions most often appear in the autumn-spring period. However, a trip to the sea, an untreated cold, hypovitaminosis, hypothermia or overheating can provoke a disease.

Wound healing in children is faster than in adults. Treatment is with antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. To increase immunity, children's vitamin complexes (Complivit, Pikovit) are recommended. Complications of the disease are rarely diagnosed.

Herpes on the head in the hair of pregnant women, depending on the period at which the process began, implies different options and the likelihood of complications.

Primary infection with the virus in the first trimester is an indication for its interruption, since the risk to the fetus is too great. The recurrence of the disease is treated with topical drugs (Acyclovir).

With the activation of the herpes virus on the head in the hair in the second and third trimester, the treatment is supplemented with antiviral drugs, constant monitoring of the fetal condition using an ultrasound procedure.

A child infected in utero or during birth is born with a neonatal form of chicken pox, which is often complicated by encephalitis, hepatitis, and pneumonia.

The danger of herpes on the lips and genital herpes during pregnancy

About 95% of people on the planet are carriers of the labial (simple) herpes virus, often called the common cold. The remaining 5% of the population, for unknown reasons, have a strong immunity to this disease. In carriers of the virus, with a decrease in the body's defenses, for example, during pregnancy, with bacterial infections or colds, the disease worsens.

When carrying a fetus, a future mother needs to pay special attention to her health, since even harmless herpes on the lips during pregnancy can be dangerous, especially in case of various complications.

Symptoms of herpes on the lips in pregnant women

The signs of a herpes infection are the same for males and females and do not depend on whether the woman is pregnant or not. The clinical picture depends only on the type of herpes (first or second) and the course of the disease (primary or recurrent form).

In case of primary infection, a symptom of intoxication is pronounced, accompanied by general weakness and weakness, an increase in temperature to 38-38.5 ° C, and a decrease in physical and mental performance. Headaches and muscle aches may appear.

Another characteristic sign of herpes on the lips during pregnancy is rashes on the mucous membranes and skin. First, there is a burning sensation and itching, unpleasant tingling appears in the affected area, and after a while, spots form, gradually turning into bubbles that are filled with liquid.

With a recurrent form of herpes, no symptoms of intoxication are observed, and the sick person feels great. Changes can only be detected locally. If the recurrence is repeated, the development of vesicles can be prevented by starting immediate treatment.

What is the danger of the herpes virus during pregnancy

In the early stages, herpes on the lips of pregnant women is not as dangerous as in the II or III trimester. This is due to the fact that the virus is able to pass through the placenta, the formation of which begins after the eighth week. However, in the first 12-13 weeks, the risk of developing a spontaneous abortion increases, therefore, it is impossible to categorically state that nothing threatens the fetus in the first trimester.

With primary infection in the later stages (after 27-28 weeks), the consequences of herpes on the lips during pregnancy are especially dangerous, since the virus can lead to damage to the brain of the unborn baby, the development of fetal deformities, and even stillbirth.

With relapses, intrauterine infection is minimized. This is due to the fact that in the mother's blood there are already specific antibodies that perform a kind of protection for the child from damage by the virus.

Another negative consequence of herpes on the lips during pregnancy is the possibility of infection during childbirth, but more often this occurs with a genital infection. when the mucous membranes of the genital organs of a woman are affected. The baby, passing through the birth canal, picks up the virus from the mother.

Treatment of herpes on the lips during pregnancy

To reduce pain and burning sensation, the doctor prescribes antiherpetic ointments, the most famous of which are herpevir, allomedin, acyclovir and zovirax. The agent is applied to the affected area five times a day every 4 hours, the entire course of treatment is 5 days. It is possible to significantly reduce the duration of the disease and reduce the degree of damage if you start using the ointment at the first signs of infection.

In no case should you open the emerging bubbles and forcibly remove the crusts. It is important to maintain personal hygiene to prevent further spread of the virus.

Treatment of herpes on the lips during pregnancy is carried out at home. Hospitalization is recommended only for severe illness (fever, chills, severe headache). Sometimes the doctor advises lubricating the rash with a solution of interferon and vitamin E capsules, as it promotes wound healing. In case of immunity deficiency, a course of treatment with immunoglobulins is recommended for a period after 15-16 weeks.

From homeopathic preparations and traditional medicine advice, two ways can be noted:

• Lubrication of the bubbles with camphor or fir oil (cauterize every two hours until a burning sensation appears);
• Using regular corvalol or propolis tincture (every two hours).

Also, to prevent the appearance of herpes on the lips of a pregnant woman, it is important to review the diet and exclude spicy, fatty and smoked foods, as well as sugar and chocolate. The diet should be balanced with an increased content of fruits and vegetables.

If the expectant mother has never had herpes, then it is better to vaccinate even at the stage of pregnancy planning. Thanks to the immunity created in this way, it is possible to avoid infection with the virus during the bearing of the child.

Herpes is a viral infection that externally manifests itself in the form of a rash of vesicles on the body and mucous membranes. There are 8 types of infection, but the most common are herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. With the exacerbation of these types of herpes, vesicles appear on the lips or on the genitals. Moreover, with type 1 herpes, in 80% of cases the rashes are localized on the lips and in 20% in the genital area. And with type 2 herpes, the opposite is true: in 80% of diseases, vesicles appear in the genital area and in 20% on the face.

Herpes simplex during pregnancy is a disease that is potentially dangerous to the health and life of the baby and his mother. In this article, we will talk about everything related to the herpes virus and childbearing.

Causes of herpes during pregnancy

Approximately 75% of women are carriers of the herpes virus. Moreover, many of them do not even know about it until they have rashes on their genitals or lips. 3-4 weeks after infection with the virus, the body develops immunity, which prevents the occurrence of severe consequences during the next exacerbation of herpes.

From the moment of conception, the woman's immune system becomes weakened, as it is necessary for the safe bearing of the child. Therefore, quite often in women expecting a baby, relapses of this disease occur. In most cases, genital herpes is diagnosed during pregnancy.

Infection with the herpes simplex virus type 1 occurs in childhood through physical contact with a sick person, for example, through a kiss or shared utensils. As a result, about 80% of women at the time of conception of a child are already immune to the herpes virus. Therefore, the recurrence of herpes simplex during pregnancy does not pose a threat to the health of the mother and baby.

• joint pain;
• confusion;
• muscle weakness in the leg and arm on one side;
• loss of smell;
• convulsions;
• fainting;
• chills;
• increased body temperature;
• weakness;
• tension of the muscles of the back of the head, which is expressed in the fact that it is painful and difficult to tilt the head to the chest;
• vomit;
• Strong headache.

Many of the above symptoms of herpes on the lips during pregnancy pose a potential threat to the development and health of the baby. As a result, as soon as a woman who is expecting a child finds painful or itchy red spots on her face, she should immediately consult a doctor for advice.

Start treatment with an antiviral cream as soon as possible to prevent the virus from spreading. Before applying the cream to the diseased areas of the skin, it is necessary to wash them with warm water and soap and pat dry with a towel. It is recommended to apply the cream to the bubbles every 3 hours. Usually the course of treatment lasts from 3 to 5 days.

Genital herpes during pregnancy

Infection during pregnancy with herpes type 2 is dangerous for the health and life of the mother and child. Therefore, if a woman notices the following symptoms in herself, she should immediately consult a doctor. During pregnancy, genital herpes manifests itself with the following symptoms:

• the appearance in the genital area of ​​vesicles filled with liquid;
• increased body temperature;
• chills;
• weakness;
• swollen lymph nodes in the groin;
• pain and burning on the mucous membrane of the labia and the entrance to the vagina;
• clear discharge from the vagina;
• burning when urinating.

If infection with the herpes simplex virus occurred in the first trimester of bearing a baby, then there is a high risk of spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) or the appearance of severe malformations in the development of the child (disturbances in the formation of the skull bones are most often diagnosed). When infection with genital herpes during pregnancy occurs late in pregnancy, consequences such as intrauterine growth retardation, premature birth, or infection of the baby with the virus during natural childbirth are possible. Very rarely, herpes simplex during pregnancy leads to lesions of the internal organs of a woman, and, as a result, to death.

In cases where the expectant mother was infected with the virus long before the conception of the child, and her body has already developed antibodies to herpes, and there are about 30% of such people, the recurrence of the disease during pregnancy in only 4% of cases has a negative impact on the health of the woman and baby . Moreover, an exacerbation during pregnancy of type 2 herpes in the first and second trimester is not dangerous for the development of the child.

But if a relapse occurs immediately before the expected date of birth, then there is a risk of infection of the baby during natural childbirth, when the child moves along the birth canal. In such cases, in order to avoid infection of the newborn, the obstetrician-gynecologist may recommend a caesarean section to the pregnant woman.

Signs of pathology

The disease develops with an acute increase in body temperature up to 39⁰С, which is difficult to bring down. On the eve of the patient, symptoms of acute respiratory infections and herpetic eruptions appear. The patient complains of convulsions. Signs of damage to the central nervous system are impaired consciousness. In some cases, everything is limited to inhibition of reactions, in others, the patient falls into a coma. The individual reaction of the body to the activity of the pathogen imposes additional symptoms on the main symptoms in the form of:

• confusion of consciousness;
• headache;
• epileptic seizure;
• the appearance of hallucinations;
• paresis;
• speech disorders.

The latent period of the disease lasts up to 20 days. In practice, this period is reduced to 7 days. The first symptoms are manifested in the occurrence of painful tingling on the skin and the appearance of a rash in these areas after a day. The localization of brain herpes in the organ trunk contributes to the disruption of the autonomic functions of the body, which in severe cases results in cardiac or respiratory arrest.

The development of the disease in adults is associated with susceptibility to type 1 virus or carriage. The causative agent is able to exist for a long time outside the body.

After 12-24, an increase in body temperature to a critical level is observed. Self-administration of drugs does not provide the expected result. The patient requires immediate hospitalization. If the patient doubts the need to seek medical help, then the symptoms associated with the further progression of the pathology should prompt them to dial an ambulance. Signs of herpes of the brain appear in the following order:

• The appearance of weakness in the whole body.
• Convulsive seizures. Either all the muscles of the body are reduced, or only their individual groups. The introduction of drugs does not help to get rid of the often recurring unpleasant symptoms.
• Violation of consciousness. The patient is stunned, may suffer from hallucinations, lose consciousness.
• Difficulty focusing vision. Patients complain of double vision, limited ability to look in one direction, pain when trying to move the eyeballs, strabismus.

After developing a lack of coordination, which limits the ability of a person to control the limbs. He has unsteady gait, paresis of half of the body. If a person is conscious, then memory lapses, headaches, increased excitability, loss of speech clarity can be found in him.

Diagnosis, treatment, consequences

The pathological process is diagnosed by external signs. You can clarify the type of virus using PCR analysis.

How to treat herpes on the head? Therapy consists in taking medications and treating the affected areas.

When the first symptoms and manifestations of herpes on the scalp appear, treatment should begin immediately.

Ibuprofen, Paracetamol will help reduce discomfort and lower the temperature. With severe discomfort, pain-relieving patches (Versatis) are prescribed.

It is desirable to wash the head with baby shampoo without fragrances and fragrances. Immediately after the rash procedure, it will be necessary to treat with hydrogen peroxide, brilliant green, chlorhexidine or fucorcin. It is also better to comb with a pre-disinfected comb and very carefully so as not to damage the rash.

Antiseptic and antiviral agents help to speed up the healing of wounds: Streptocide, Gerpevir, Miramistin, Zovirax. When crusts appear, erythromycin ointment is used, which significantly speeds up the healing process.

Antiviral drugs Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Minaker, Acyclovir, Valvir are introduced into the DNA of pathological cells and stop their reproduction.

To increase immunity, immunostimulants and vitamin-mineral complexes are prescribed.

In severe forms of herpes, antidepressants are used.

Effective in the treatment of physiotherapy (irradiation of the scalp with a quartz lamp, laser, ultraviolet radiation).

Herpes on the head can cause serious consequences in case of untimely treatment or significantly reduced immunity.

After wound healing, periodic dizziness, weakness, photophobia, hallucinations are sometimes observed.

The consequence of herpes in the head periodically become hemorrhages, bacterial skin superinfection, gangrene, purulent abscesses.

The ingress of fluid from the vesicles into the respiratory tract can provoke pneumonia.

The activity of the herpes virus in the head (in the brain cells) leads to pathologies of the central nervous system. If the spinal cord is affected, paralysis of the arms and legs occurs.

Inflammatory processes in the ears and eyes can result in complete or partial blindness and deafness.

The defeat of internal organs is provoked by hepatitis, arthritis, pyelonephritis, infertility, cystitis, sciatica, gastritis, pericarditis.

Herpes under the hair: what is it and how to treat it?

To combat the pathogen, the patient is placed in an intensive care unit in a hospital. The basis of the treatment course for herpes of the brain is Gerpevir or Acyclovir. Only a doctor can determine the effective dosage and frequency of administration of the drug, taking into account the risk of side effects and the severity of symptoms.

The success of treatment largely depends on the rate of recovery of the body's natural defenses. For this, interferons and immunomodulators are prescribed. Preparations of these groups can significantly increase the effectiveness of antiviral agents.

To suppress the accompanying symptoms, additional drugs are prescribed to the patient:

• antipyretic;
• anti-inflammatory and B vitamins - to eliminate weakness;
• nootropics - to restore memory;
• drip solutions - in the presence of dehydration of the body;
• diuretics - to get rid of edema;
• anticonvulsants.

The effectiveness of treatment depends on the accuracy of the selection of funds and the creation of comfortable conditions for the patient. With herpes of the brain, if possible, all irritating factors are excluded and the patient's activity is reduced as much as possible.

For the successful treatment of herpes on the head, antiviral drugs are needed that will help the body overcome the virus attacking it - the most effective are Famciclovir, Valaciclovir and Acyclovir. If the treatment was started on time, then the period of taking the drug is five days. If you are diagnosed with herpes at the second or third stage of the disease, treatment may be delayed for two weeks.

It is advisable to drink an antiviral in combination with any anti-inflammatory agent - Paracetamol, Ibuprofen or preparations based on them. This will help reduce inflammation, prevent the appearance of a large number of vesicles and relieve discomfort. Additionally, it is recommended to drink a course of complex vitamins or immunostimulants in order to activate the protective properties of the body.

During the course of the disease, it is advisable to avoid washing your hair frequently to avoid infection of healthy skin areas.

In order for the treatment of herpes on the head to be as effective as possible, it is desirable to accompany the intake of antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs with local treatment of the focus of the disease:

1. Regularly treat the inflamed area with antiviral ointment. Most often, Gerpevir or Zovirax is used for treatment;
2. In the third stage of the disease, bactericidal treatment of burst bubbles- this will prevent germs from entering open wounds. The treatment resembles the treatment of chickenpox - wiping with hydrogen peroxide, drying with brilliant green or fucorcin;
3. Allowed use of erythromycin ointment, which will accelerate the healing of ulcers at the stage of scab formation;
4. If the pain is very strong, then instead of taking an analgesic, you can use pain-relieving ointments or patches. The most effective are those developed on the basis of Lidocaine - they have practically no contraindications and last up to 12 hours;
5. The use of physiotherapy is recommended- under the influence of ultraviolet rays or a quartz lamp, the virus cells die.

1. The tingling stage, which begins with a burning sensation and pain in the lips. It lasts from several hours to 1 day. The development of herpes on the lips can be prevented if drugs are used in time (Zovirax ointment or Acyclovir).

2. The stage of inflammation. Redness and swelling appear on the lips. Then, with herpes of the lips, vesicles with a clear liquid form.

3. The stage of ulceration. Ulcers form at the site of burst bubbles. This stage is the most contagious for others. The patient does not leave the feeling of pain and burning in the lips.

4. The stage of crust formation. Comes on the 7-9th day. A brown crust appears, which eventually disappears.

Herpes of the lips: treatment is carried out with the help of special antiviral ointments. These are Vectavir, Zovirax, Acyclovir, Gerpevir. The use of these ointments in the initial stages of herpes, when the first symptoms of the disease appear, can prevent the appearance of blisters on the lips. In the treatment of herpes simplex virus, medicinal creams (ointments) are used, which are antiviral drugs, like Virolex. The cream is squeezed onto a finger and applied to the affected areas of the skin on the lips five times a day every 4 hours for 5 days.

When you have herpes on your lip, treatment can be aggravated by opening the blisters, removing the crust so that the virus does not spread to other areas of the skin or eyes. As a rule, herpes is treated at home.

However, if the patient's condition worsened: the temperature rose to 39 degrees, there was a severe headache, general malaise, appetite decreased, you should consult a doctor for medical help.

Folk remedies can be used alone or in combination with medications.

A good effect is exerted by applying to the scalp thoroughly washed plantain leaves, violets or stalks of prickly tartar. Pounded plants should be applied to problem areas several times a day.

Reduces the activity of the virus by rubbing the rashes with garlic juice, aloe.

Accelerates the healing process of wounds lubrication with valocordin, almond, sea buckthorn, fir oil.

Tincture prepared from ginger rhizomes improves immunity. 150 g of the plant must be poured with 800 ml of vodka and left in a dark place for 2 weeks. Take 2 times a day for 1 tsp.

Viburnum tea also improves the body's resistance. 20 g of berries are poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for 4 hours. The course of treatment is 1-3 weeks.

Increases immunity and tincture of willow bark. 5 st. l of raw materials you need to pour 1 liter of boiling water and insist 1 hour. Take 50 g before meals 3 times a day.

A decoction of birch buds accelerates the healing of lesions. Young kidneys are poured with milk and kept for about 7 minutes over low heat. Then the broth is filtered and moistened with cotton wool or gauze in it, applied to the affected area.

A mixture of celandine and honey in equal proportions has a good healing effect. It is applied to gauze and fixed at the site of the rash.

Itching and burning help stop compresses from burdock, immortelle, chamomile, peppermint, oak bark, calendula. They are also effectively reduced by a mixture in a ratio of 1: 2 of juice or infusion of lemon balm and apple cider vinegar.

Alcohol tincture of calendula has a wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect. 50 g of flowers are poured into 500 ml of vodka and infused for 12 hours. Apply in the form of compresses for 10 minutes 3-5 times a day.

To reduce the likelihood of a recurrence of the disease, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system, the correct distribution of work and rest time, sufficient sleep, physical activity, rejection of bad habits, and a balanced diet. It is important to avoid overheating and hypothermia, excessive intellectual or physical exertion.

Herpes on the head is the result of a decrease in human immunity. It is important to start treating it early. In this case, recovery will come quickly and without consequences. Therapy of the disease in the later stages threatens with serious complications and even death.

Diagnostic and therapeutic measures

How to treat herpes on the head, only a doctor will answer. When the first symptoms appear, you should contact a therapist, virologist, neurologist or dermatologist. An experienced specialist on the basis of examining the patient, collecting an anamnesis, will be able to accurately diagnose. However, sometimes it is necessary to analyze the fluid from the vesicles for virus typing.

It is completely impossible to cure the disease. Therapeutic goals are to stop the spread of the virus, relieve symptoms, reduce the number of exacerbations, and minimize the risk of complications.

The main group of drugs used for any herpetic disease is antiviral. Tablets and capsules are most effective for herpes on the head. Local treatment with ointments, creams, gels is complicated by the presence of hair. Valaciclovir and Famciclovir are taken by adults at 500 mg three times a day for 7-10 days.

For the treatment of babies from a year old, Acyclovir is prescribed at a dose of 100-200 mg three times a day (the course of treatment is no more than 5 days).

To increase the effectiveness of the treatment of herpes on the head in the hair, Acyclovir ointment, Fenistil Pencivir cream will help. Apply funds in a thin layer at least 5 times a day to the affected skin. To do this, you need to comb your hair well, dividing it in the parting, carefully lubricate all the bubbles. It is often very difficult to apply ointments and creams for herpes on the head (especially if you have long thick hair), because of this, the course of the pathology is aggravated.

Ibuprofen, Paracetamol will help to anesthetize, eliminate fever, body aches. To relieve itching, burning, swelling, they drink tablets with antihistamine action Tavegil, Suprastin.

You do not need to wash your hair often, using a baby shampoo without fragrances, dyes and other harmful ingredients. After the procedure, the wounds are treated with local antiseptics (Chlorhexidine, Miramistin).

At the stage of formation of ulcers, in order to prevent the ingress of bacterial microflora, Fukortsin, Brilliant Green is used.

When crusts have formed, effectively lubricate them with Erythromycin ointment - this will speed up the healing process. You can also use Levomekol, Solcoseryl.

Children and pregnant women from herpes are prescribed zinc ointment, which is the safest and no less effective.

Some patients are interested in the question - how to treat herpes on the head with the help of physiotherapy? Viral cells die under the influence of a quartz lamp, ultraviolet rays and a laser. It is these procedures that can be included in the course of herpes therapy.

To increase the body's resistance, multivitamin preparations are taken (Vitrum, Vitamineral). Injections of B vitamins, zinc and calcium preparations are useful.

ethnoscience

Treatment of folk remedies for herpes on the head should be carried out only in parallel with the main drug regimen and after the permission of the doctor.

Chamomile, eucalyptus, calendula, peppermint, string, burdock are effective against any dermatological problems. Cold decoction of herbs wipe the affected areas.

To relieve the inflammatory process, a fresh plantain leaf or a cut of a Kalanchoe, aloe leaf is applied.

A decoction of oak bark and birch buds will help to tighten the wounds faster with a crust. Natural oils - roses, rose hips, sea buckthorn - contribute to the speedy healing. Black cumin essential oil activates local immunity, which helps the body fight the virus. In addition, it is very useful for hair (contains many vitamins, trace elements, fatty acids, phytosterols, tannins). Almond oil reduces the activity of herpesvirus.

Tinctures of Eleutherococcus, ginger root, willow bark, echinacea will help to increase immunity.

Fundamental rules

The success of therapy depends on several factors, among which the main place is occupied by timely access to a doctor. The sooner treatment begins, the better for the patient and his health.

To get a positive result, you must follow some rules:

• do not self-medicate;
• eat right - exclude fried, fatty, salty foods, enrich the diet with fresh fruits, vegetables, cereals, dairy products;
• prevent the spread of the virus - wash your hands thoroughly after each contact with the affected areas;
• a high level of contagiousness necessitates isolation of the patient - personal household items, bedding and bath accessories;
• you need to comb your hair gently with a comb with rare teeth (pre-treat with a local antiseptic), without affecting the skin;
• strictly follow all the recommendations of the attending physician.

In addition, it is necessary to walk daily in the fresh air, and to carry out wet cleaning and airing at home.

In a typical course, treatment is carried out on an outpatient basis. People with extensive affected areas, pregnant women, small children, patients with serious pathologies (HIV, AIDS, oncology, hepatitis C, cirrhosis) are subject to hospitalization.

Complications and consequences of the disease

Herpes of the scalp itself is not dangerous, but in the absence of adequate treatment it can provoke the development of a number of complex consequences. A rash from the head can spread to the ears and eyes, which often leads to a decrease or complete loss of hearing and vision.

The virus is able to provoke inflammatory processes in the cells of the brain, spinal cord (meningitis), and can lead to paralysis of the body. Paralysis of the respiratory muscles can be fatal.

Deep erosions formed after the opening of the vesicles contribute to the spread of the virus through the central nervous system, which provokes the development of encephalitis. With meningoencephalitic lichen in 60% of cases, a fatal outcome is recorded, the rest of the patients remain disabled. Inhalation of fluid from the bubbles is fraught with the development of herpes pneumonia - a serious pathology of the lungs.

Long-lasting pain in the affected area is called postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia - a disease that negatively affects the psycho-emotional state, human performance.

Herpes during pregnancy (primary infection or another outbreak) can provoke an arbitrary interruption at any time, the development of anomalies of internal organs, and blood poisoning. If a newborn becomes infected from an infected mother, then in most cases a weak body cannot withstand severe intoxication and the child dies.

The consequences of a herpes infection of the brain are: headache, dizziness, hearing and speech disorders, migraines, memory or mental problems, decreased mental activity and constant weakness. After rehabilitation measures, all these signs disappear.

Restoration of health after suffering herpes of the brain is carried out in special centers where several doctors work with the patient at once. Usually the rehabilitation program is compiled individually. Its basis is a combination of therapeutic exercises, movement therapy and physiotherapy. Over time, it is possible to restore the functioning of the joints, get rid of muscle weakness and pain.

Changes that are difficult to treat are rare and are observed in patients who neglect the recommendations of a doctor during treatment, abuse alcohol, and suffer from constant mental overload.

If you do not seek medical help in time, there is a risk of developing complications of the pathology in the form of:

• epilepsy;
• personality disorders;
• decrease in mental abilities;
• paralysis.

These changes are caused by structural changes in the brain, which makes them resistant to treatment. The lack of adequate therapy for herpes of the brain in 80% of cases causes a fatal outcome.

Alternative treatment and prevention

It is almost impossible to protect yourself or a child from infection. The main preventive goal is to control the virus, which is already embedded in nerve cells.

A healthy lifestyle, hardening, giving up bad habits, the right balance of work and rest, good nutrition, a stable emotional state are the points without which it is not possible to create a reliable stable immunity.

It is very important to treat all diseases in a timely manner and not to forget that many of them can be asymptomatic. In order to identify them, it is necessary to undergo preventive examinations with doctors every six months.

Compliance with personal hygiene, maintaining cleanliness in the house, a serious attitude to one's health is the key to an effective increase in the body's resistance to any disease.

Herpes of the head is an insidious pathology that can provoke the development of complications that threaten health and even life. You need to treat it very responsibly, when the first symptoms appear, seek medical help. Only timely and correct treatment can remove the virus from the active stage without consequences and keep it under control.

Herpes of the brain (herpetic encephalitis) is a serious and dangerous disease that manifests itself in the form of inflammation with a rapid course, which leads to changes in the brain. Certain strains of herpes simplex, namely HSV-1 and HSV-2, are capable of causing this ailment.

The herpes virus contains DNA chains, has a size of 150 nanometers and an integumentary shell consisting of lipids. When a human body is infected, it penetrates into the cells, where it divides, but does not cause any harm - the stage of latent flow (not active). As soon as the body succumbs to the influence of certain factors, the pathogen enters the stage of reactivity. In most cases, pathology occurs in people 5-30 years old, after 50, it most often acts as a complication.

The herpetic form is the most common form of all known encephalitis. In many patients who carry the causative agent of the herpes virus in their body, this infection has settled in the brain and is activated in the event of any injury to the organ. This can happen while taking certain drugs, prolonged exposure to low or high temperatures. In the rest, infection occurs from exogenous causes. Studies have found that the peak of the increase in infections occurs in the spring.

Etiology

The causative agent of the disease is a representative of the herpes family (Herpes viridae), this also includes the chickenpox virus, herpes zoster, cytomegalovirus, etc. It has DNA, actively multiplies inside the cells of the body, forming intranuclear inclusions. When certain types of cells (for example, neurons) are affected, the process of pathogen replication and cell death is absent. Instead, the cell makes a specific inhibitory effect on the virus, causing it to go into the latency stage. Sometimes, you can identify the reactivation process, which brings the virus from a dormant state to a manifest one.

According to the selected structure of antigens to herpes, HSV is divided into 2 types. The genomes of strains 1 and 2 are 50% homologous. HSV-1 often affects the organs of the respiratory system. HSV-2 is a typical causative agent of such pathologies as genital herpes and generalized herpes in newborns.

The infection can be transmitted by contact or droplet.

The process of development of the disease

In a young body, the primary herpes virus is capable of taking the form of encephalitis herpes. In this situation, pathogens enter the human central nervous system from the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, moving along unequal fibers that are responsible for the sense of smell. But, many adults suffering from herpes encephalitis already have episodes of the disease in the past, or they are active carriers of HSV-1 virus.

Every 4 patients with herpes of the brain shows the presence of different varieties of the virus during laboratory analysis of materials from the mucous membrane of the oropharynx. In such cases, inflammation of the brain can be explained by re-infection with HSV-1 with its subsequent introduction into the CNS.

In order to describe in detail the causes of the development of the inflammatory process of the GM, namely those cases when strains of the same species were found on the mucous membrane of the oropharynx and in the tissues of the GM, 2 hypotheses were made:

1. The first says - a recurrent manifestation of the herpetic encephalitis virus in the trigeminal or autonomic ganglia, with spread to the central nervous system along the nerve fibers.
2. The second hypothesis is that herpes remains in a latent state for a very long time immediately in the central nervous system, where it is reactivated.

Symptoms

Encephalitic herpes likes to affect the temporal and frontal lobes of the GM, in which necrotization and hemorrhagic lesions most often occur.

The main symptoms can manifest themselves in different ways, depending on the severity and location of the affected area of ​​the brain. Experts have identified a specific triad of symptoms that is characteristic of herpetic inflammation:

1. Acute fever - a sharp hyperthermia of the body (up to 39 degrees). This temperature is difficult to bring down, even taking antipyretic drugs.
2. Seizures of the Jacksonian type - they are able to cover the entire body or certain parts of it.
3. Disorder of consciousness - ranging from short-term forgetfulness to deep coma (this disorder is almost always disappointing, since in 90% of cases, people immersed in a coma do not survive).

These signs will certainly manifest themselves in all infected people, but among them there are those that are purely individual for each specific case. These include:

• Dysfunction of the oculomotor nerve - patients may experience strabismus and a feeling of doubling.
• Rapid hallucinations (a common occurrence that accompanies other CNS pathologies and requires immediate treatment).
• Increased sweating.
• Short-term memory loss.
• Unsteadiness when walking.
• Monoparesis or disorder of motor functionality on one side of the body (the result of damage to the temporal lobe of the brain).
• Excited state.
• Speech disorder.

In addition, a herpes GM lesion can be assumed by such signs as an increase in the protein content in the cerebrospinal fluid, a high level of ESR, and lymphopenia. Babies may develop GM decortication or dropsy (hydrocephalus).

Diagnosis and treatment

It is difficult to diagnose encephalitis caused by herpes, distinguishing it from other types of inflammation and lesions of the central nervous system of a different nature. The most informative method of early diagnosis, which does not require invasive interventions in the GM and is highly accurate, is the detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in the spinal cord cerebrospinal fluid using the PCR method.

The amount of antibodies to HSV, which was obtained from the studied body fluids (liquor or serum) in herpetic encephalitis often increases, and this happens during the first 10 days of the disease.

Given these nuances, serological research methods are suitable only for retrospective diagnosis. A biopsy provides an excellent opportunity to detect traces of antigens and DNA of the herpes virus, which is localized in brain tissues, and to subsequently isolate the type of virus in cell culture. A method with very high sensitivity, which also has a low complication rate. In addition, a biopsy allows you to diagnose other types of brain inflammation that may be present.

A sick person is isolated and placed in an intensive care unit or intensive care unit. The main drug that has a suppressive effect on the virus and is able to get rid of all symptoms is Acyclovir. It is known to most people for its topical products, but for the treatment of brain damage, injectable and oral forms must be used.

The first days of the treatment course begin with high doses of drugs to introduce it into the body. This treatment regimen reduces the mortality rate from 70% to 5% and, moreover, significantly reduces the risk of complications in the form of disability.

Many doctors consider it necessary to prescribe interferons during treatment (Cycloferon, Viferon, etc.), but experts from Western clinics who conducted tests did not confirm their high effectiveness in the fight against the herpes simplex virus.

In a hospital, the patient is prescribed mandatory detoxification of the body and dehydration (restoration of water-salt balance). To remove swelling from the brain, glucocorticosteroids, tracheal intubation, and ventilation are used.

• Ventilation of premises.
• Careful hand washing with soap and water after visiting the street and before eating.
• Compliance with basic rules of personal hygiene.
• During outbreaks of infection, it is recommended to avoid places of strong crowds of people.
• Great attention should be paid to the prevention of newborns.
• It is important to start timely treatment of exacerbation of herpes on the lips and genitals.

Herpes of the brain is an extremely dangerous pathology characterized by inflammation of the gray and white matter as a result of tissue damage by the herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. This disease is acute and is accompanied by disorders that are extremely difficult to correct in the future.

Herpes of the brain is an extremely dangerous pathology characterized by inflammation of the gray and white matter as a result of tissue damage by the herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

A special risk group for the development of this pathological condition includes newborns and the elderly. In addition, often herpes lesions of the brain are observed in those who suffer from immunodeficiency.

Symptoms of herpes of the brain

Herpetic tissue damage is manifested by acute symptoms. After suffering an acute period of herpes, accompanied by rashes, the pathology does not go into a latent period. The latent course of herpes lesions of the brain can be observed from 2 to 20 days.

In the future, the patient observed the process of reactivation of the virus. Because of this, the body temperature rises sharply above + 39 ° C, and it is difficult to reduce it with medicines.

Both adults and young children have impairments of consciousness of varying severity.

With an unfavorable course, a coma is possible. In addition, the following signs of damage to the brain and spinal cord may appear:

• convulsions;
• disturbances in the sensitivity of certain parts of the body;
• visual and auditory hallucinations;
• epileptic seizures;
• Strong headache;
• unsteadiness of gait;
• memory loss;
• increased sweating;
• excited state;
• vegetative disorders.

Depending on the form and severity of damage to the nerve trunks by herpes, the duration of the increase in acute symptoms can vary from several days to a week or more. The patient's condition becomes extremely serious.

Reasons for the appearance

The defeat of the herpes virus structures of the brain is rare. Contribute to the activation of the virus and the appearance of this pathology can:

• reduced immunity due to AIDS;
• exhaustion;
• severe beriberi;
• hypothermia;
• tuberculosis;
• rheumatism.

The influence of these adverse factors causes a decrease in immunity. The body's defense mechanisms cannot suppress the virus. After entering the human body, herpes can no longer be completely eliminated, but if the immune system is in a normal state, the virus remains in a latent form.

Diagnosis and treatment

The characteristic clinical picture and the data of instrumental and laboratory examinations allow an accurate diagnosis. To determine the problem are assigned:

• puncture of cerebrospinal fluid;
• biopsy;
• general and biochemical blood tests.

Therapy should be carried out in a hospital setting. The patient needs intensive medical treatment. First of all, antiviral drugs are prescribed, including:

• Gerpevir;
• Acyclovir (more details);
• Virolex;
• Zovirax (read more).

The form and dosage of these drugs is prescribed by the doctor individually. Among other things, to correct the functioning of the immune system, immunomodulatory drugs, corticosteroids and interferons are prescribed.

To stabilize the condition, detoxification therapy can be carried out. Medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms, including diuretics, anticonvulsants, and antipyretics.

In most cases, the prognosis depends on the timeliness of the start of treatment.

Complications and rehabilitation

Brain herpes can have extremely adverse effects. In this pathological condition, neurological disorders may remain after the completion of the acute course of the disease. Common complications associated with this disease include:

• migraine;
• meningitis;
• decreased mental activity;
• muscle weakness;
• partial memory loss;
• visual, speech and hearing impairments;
• bouts of dizziness;
• epilepsy;
• various mental disorders.

If proper rehabilitation is not carried out, these complications can persist for the rest of your life. If, after the elimination of acute symptoms, a person is forced to work and mentally overtired, takes alcohol or is exposed to other adverse factors, the consequences of a viral brain injury may become more pronounced.

Herpetic encephalitis

- extremely dangerous damage to the brain tissue by the herpes virus. In the absence of targeted treatment, death is observed in approximately 80% of cases. Timely seeking medical help is the prevention of the development of severe complications that will persist for a long time. To reduce the risk of encephalitis caused by herpes, it is necessary to maintain a high level of immunity: eat right, exercise regularly, give up all bad habits.

The herpes virus is quite common. They infect about 85% of people living on the planet. True, in most cases, the virus is in the human body in an inactive state. Only when certain factors appear that can affect the decrease in the immune defense system, herpes becomes dangerous.

Causes of manifestation and symptoms

Basically, the herpes virus manifests itself in the form of wounds on the lips, mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, sometimes the oral cavity, as well as on the skin and in the genital area. His treatment does not cause any particular difficulties, since it does not take much time and effort. It is enough to apply a special ointment or gel to the affected area for 2-3 weeks, and soon there will be no trace of an unpleasant disease.

Sometimes, to achieve the desired effect, it is necessary to take antiviral drugs orally for some time. But herpes cannot be completely cured.

It remains in the human body forever, from time to time (under favorable circumstances) manifesting itself.

Its most dangerous manifestation is herpetic encephalitis of the brain. This infectious disease is caused by a herpes simplex virus (type 1 or 2), which provokes an inflammatory process. Most often, herpes of the brain occurs in people with weak immunity. The risk group is most often children (under 6 years old) and elderly people (after 55 years old).

Why there is an infection of the brain with the herpes virus is not exactly known. For its development, the presence of such factors is necessary:

1. Penetration of the herpes virus into the body, which is of 2 types: congenital (when the fetus becomes infected while still in the womb) and acquired (enters the body from the external environment through airborne, sexual and other ways).
2. Weakened immunity due to various reasons (due to age, due to a previous illness).

The herpes virus, getting into cells (including neurons), exists in them in an oppressed latent state. When the immune system is weakened, it begins to multiply actively and penetrates through the nerve fibers into the brain, provoking an inflammatory process in it - encephalitis.

Often herpetic encephalitis is localized in the temporal and frontal parts of the brain. It is here that the death of brain cells and the inflammatory process are observed.

The most characteristic symptoms for this disease are:

The occurrence of such symptoms may also indicate the presence of other diseases of the central nervous system. In any case, it is necessary to consult an experienced doctor.

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How is the treatment?

For adequate treatment, it is necessary to make the correct diagnosis. To do this, the patient must undergo a series of examinations:

If the diagnosis is confirmed, it is necessary to immediately begin therapy, since this disease is very dangerous for human life.

Treatment is carried out exclusively in a hospital. There is a risk of sudden respiratory arrest, as well as a high probability that the patient may fall into a coma. In such cases, resuscitation is carried out.

Treatment of herpes of the brain consists in the use of medications that are aimed at eliminating the infectious process and associated symptoms. First of all, appoint:

Additionally, a patient with a similar diagnosis is shown strict bed rest, proper nutrition, and plenty of fluids. If he cannot consume food and water on his own, he is prescribed internal administration of drugs that can relieve exhaustion and dehydration.

The course of treatment lasts from 5 days to 2 weeks, depending on the complexity of the disease and the general condition of the patient. A coma significantly reduces the chances of recovery. Only 20-30% of people come out of a coma, a fatal outcome is possible. Therefore, it is very important to diagnose the disease in time.

The danger of the disease and possible complications

Herpetic encephalitis of the brain is a very serious and dangerous disease. Full recovery after it occurs quite rarely - only about 25% of people with such a diagnosis, after undergoing a course of therapy, have the opportunity to lead a full-fledged lifestyle.

Most patients die before they even begin treatment, because the disease comes on suddenly and develops rapidly. But this does not mean that with such a disease, death is an obligatory outcome. Early detection and proper specialized treatment can save the patient both life and health.

Brain damage very rarely resolves without complications. Any violation of its work and functionality leads to irreversible consequences.

Herpetic infection causes an inflammatory process that can lead to pathological conditions in humans:

1. Coma. It greatly complicates the treatment process. Often patients never come out of a coma.
2. Stopping breathing. If the patient is not urgently resuscitated, he may die.
3. Mental deviation. Damage to the brain is accompanied by the destruction of its cells, which leads to a deterioration in its work.
4. Mental disorders. It can be a nervous state, sleep disturbance, prolonged hallucinations, memory lapses.
5. Constant headache that is difficult to relieve.
6. General deterioration of health, weakness, apathy, loss of working capacity.
7. Complete or partial loss of hearing and vision.
8. Violation of the functions of speech.
9. Meningitis.
10. Deterioration or loss of motor activity, paralysis of the whole body or individual limbs.

The recovery of a person with herpetic encephalitis of the brain occurs depending on the severity of the disease.

With its mild forms, the prognosis is often favorable, and the course of therapy lasts no more than a month. Treatment of the advanced stage and severe forms lasts for years.

There are factors that can affect the course of the disease, as well as provoke relapses:

• incorrect or untimely treatment;
• pregnancy;
• stress, mental exhaustion;
• persistent overwork of the body due to physical exertion;
• consumption of alcoholic beverages, junk food.

In any case, herpetic encephalitis of the brain is not a death sentence. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment under the supervision of an experienced specialist give positive results. The main thing is not to panic and not self-medicate.

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