Precancerous skin lesions - description. Skin precancerous formations - description Seborrheic keratoma mkb 10

Both adults and children are susceptible keratosis , which manifests itself in the thickening of the epidermis. A skin disease can be caused by a number of external factors, and the methods of its treatment are individual in each case. It is important to accurately determine the form of the pathology in order to understand its cause and prescribe competent treatment.

What it is

Under keratosis imply a whole group of dermatological pathologies that do not have a viral nature.

Under the influence of certain factors, the following changes begin to occur in a person:

• skin becomes dry
• on open areas, single and multiple neoplasms appear:
• itching occurs.

Acquired plantar keratosis: photo

Sometimes keratomas are found on the soles of the feet, scalp, in the genital area. The size and shape of neoplasms can be very diverse, their boundaries are outlined. Their color is usually pink, yellowish or brown, and the surface is rough with a thin film.

At an early stage, the disease does not bring serious concern, only the appearance is spoiled. As the keratosis grows, a person feels more and more unpleasant symptoms.

Senile keratosis of the skin: photo

If you try to remove the tumor, blood will come out. Over time, the film becomes denser and covered with cracks, neoplasms rise more and more above the surface of the skin and acquire black or light blotches.

ICD-10 code

L 57.0- actinic keratosis.

L 11.0- Acquired follicular keratosis.

L 85.1 Acquired palmoplantar keratosis.

L 85.2– pinpoint view of palmoplantar keratosis.

L 82- seborrheic form.

L 87.0- Follicular and parafollicular keratoses.

Causes

It is not known exactly why skin keratosis appears.

In any case, it is not contagious and occurs as a result of exposure to several factors:

• elderly age;
• genetic predisposition;
• a large amount of fat consumed;
• poor metabolism;
• lack of vitamins;
• prolonged exposure to UV rays;
• disorders of the nervous system;
• taking certain drugs;
• disorders of the endocrine and immune systems;
• mechanical damage;
• contact with chemicals.

The following groups of people are most susceptible to this disease:

1. People with weakened immune systems.
2. Elderly men and women.
3. Light-skinned people with red hair.
4. Inhabitants of hot countries.

Experts have found a link between cancer and keratosis. After all, neoplasms on the skin are benign, and sometimes malignant in nature. It is possible to distinguish a keratoma from cancer only with the help of histological examination.

The presence of many foci of the disease can indicate oncological pathologies of the internal organs. According to statistics, among 9 thousand people with keratoma, 10 percent have various types of skin cancer.

Kinds

Depending on the symptoms, keratosis is divided into the following types:

1. Symptomatic. Occurs against the background of other diseases, under the influence of negative environmental factors.
2. Hereditary. It is formed due to a genetic predisposition and manifests itself immediately after birth or in childhood.
3. Acquired. The exact reasons are not fully understood.

According to the degree of localization, two types of the disease are distinguished:

1. Localized. It affects certain areas of the skin.
2. diffuse. Covers a large area of ​​the skin.

The most common types of keratosis are:

Only an experienced dermatologist can determine this or that type of keratosis.

Treatment

Before treating keratosis, you should undergo the necessary examination and take tests.

Diagnostic procedures include:

1. Collection of anamnesis.
2. Thorough physical examination.
3. Carrying out a biopsy (taking a small piece of education for microscopic examination).

Therapeutic measures are aimed at reducing the number of keratomas, their softening and exfoliation. For this, external means are used:

Inside take vitamin and mineral complexes, immunomodulators and drugs to improve blood flow. It is forbidden to use scrubs, peels, and also rub the skin with a hard washcloth.

Various ointments and compresses with yeast, aloe, castor oil, propolis or potatoes are used as alternative medicine. However, folk recipes can only be used as an additional method of therapy.

Video:

Solar a type of keratosis is treated in the same way as other forms. The doctor selects a therapeutic method individually for each patient. It can be:

1. Cryotherapy. Freezing of affected cells.
2. laser impact. Laser burning of pathological tissues.
3. Dermabrasion. Layered skin resurfacing.
4. Radio wave therapy. Evaporation of the neoplasm under local anesthesia.
5. Electrocoagulation. Excision with an electric scalpel.

Before and after treatment: photo

Surgical intervention involves the use of a curette to scrape the affected tissue. At the site of keratosis, a visible scar can form, therefore, keratosis of the skin of the face, which can also be treated with the help of surgery, is eliminated in other ways. The prognosis is favorable in most cases.

If keratosis is observed in a child, the famous TV doctor Komarovsky offers the following treatment:

1. It is necessary to take baths with sea salt.
2. Moisturizing creams and ointments should be used.
3. It is recommended to follow a diet.

A well-known pediatrician believes that roughness on the skin, which does not bother the child in any way, does not require radical treatment. Sometimes they go away on their own with age.

Video:

With the formation of a keratoma, you can not resort to self-medication. As a preventive measure, it is advised to periodically undergo an examination by a dermatologist, be in the sun only at the allowed time, and moisturize the skin more often.

Skin keratoma is a long-known disease that is common among people over forty years of age. Information about the symptoms, signs (photo) and treatment of the disease in adults is presented in the article below.

Keratoma is a neoplasm on the human skin of a benign nature. In appearance, the keratoma resembles an oval of brown or dark brown in shape. To the touch, the formation may be rough and have a crust. The disease is most often asymptomatic, but there have been cases when keratomas itched and hurt.

Often people confuse papilloma and keratoma, thinking that they are one and the same. Outwardly, the neoplasms are a bit similar, but they have completely different symptoms and causes.

Localization of keratoma

Neoplasms are usually localized on the arms, neck, back and sometimes on the legs, especially often on the face, which causes psychological discomfort. Each patient has a different number of keratomas. For some, only one occurs, for others, their number exceeds several dozen pieces. The spread of keratoma throughout the body occurs spontaneously.

ICD-10 code

Keratoma refers to benign formations, respectively, has the ICD-10 code - D23 "other benign skin neoplasms."

Why does it appear

With age, the skin becomes not susceptible to external factors of influence, and the cells of the epidermis begin to transform into keratinized tissues, rising above the skin.

Experts identify several main factors that contribute to the appearance of keratomas:

• age-related skin changes;
• disruptions in the immune system;
• diseases associated with the endocrine system;
• metabolic disease;
• hormonal imbalance;
• inadequate intake of vitamins and minerals;
• uncontrolled and prolonged use of antibiotics;
• skin exposure to chemicals
• wearing tight synthetic clothing;
• prolonged exposure to sunlight;
• hereditary predisposition (more often in the male line).

What is the danger

Keratoma (what it is and how dangerous it is, not every person knows) is a serious disease, primarily because it can degenerate into a cancerous tumor. To prevent this, need to consult a qualified medical professional followed by follow-up of neoplasm development.

Of all the varieties of this neoplasm, such types as solar and horny are characterized by the greatest probability of transition to oncology.

There are several factors that can provoke the transition of a keratoma into an oncological form:

• radioactive and ultraviolet radiation;
• careless infliction of injury, including constant friction with clothing;
• incorrectly prescribed treatment.

If the keratoma has been damaged, then the healing process will be long. It is impossible to allow the neoplasm to bleed, in this case conditions are created for the penetration of infection.

How does it affect the patient's well-being

A neoplasm in the form of a keratoma in most cases does not cause any discomfort to a person if they are not located in open areas of the body.

According to statistics, the main complaints are:

• burning;
• tingling;
• cosmetic defect;
• uncomfortable wearing.

Important! Not all types of keratomas can manifest themselves, some of them are invisible to humans, especially if the localization site is not visible to the eye.

What does a keratoma look like at the initial stage

As soon as a skin keratoma begins to form, regardless of its variety, the main signs and symptoms will be the same:

1. Keratoma (photo - the initial stage proceeds almost imperceptibly - shown in the article) implies the appearance of a small spot of a pale yellow hue.
2. The stain then becomes darker in color.
3. At the next stage, the neoplasm begins to rise above the skin and resemble a wart process.
4. The last stage is characterized by the growth of the neoplasm in width and height with noticeable peeling and darkening.

Important! Keratoma cannot be scratched and removed on its own, this can lead to infection and the transition to an oncological form.

Senile (seborrheic, senile) keratoma - photo

Seborrheic keratoma, according to statistics, occurs mainly in old age, after fifty years. The causes of the disease have not been clarified, but experts say with confidence that this is a non-infectious pathology.

If the size of the neoplasm reaches more than 3 mm, then you need to constantly monitor the development process together with a medical specialist. Only he can determine the severity of the pathology and prescribe effective treatment.

The main signs of seborrheic type keratomas include the following:

• Seborrheic type keratomas can be located on all parts of the body, with the exception of the feet and palms.
• Neoplasms may be accompanied by itching or burning.

The disease develops slowly, so it is not always possible to immediately understand that this is a keratoma.

Important! If a rapid growth of the neoplasm is noticed, you should contact a qualified oncologist for a detailed examination. These changes may indicate that the keratoma is moving into the oncological stage.

Seborrheic type keratomas are determined visually at the appointment with a dermatologist. To determine the tendency to oncology, cells are sampled, namely, a histological analysis is performed.

Skin keratoma (photo, symptoms and treatment in adults are reflected in the article) of the seborrheic type is determined at several stages:

You can not ignore the treatment of senile keratoma, because. in case of injury, it can turn into a malignant tumor. It is this type, in comparison with others, that is most often transformed into oncology.

Other types of keratomas with a photo

There are several more types of keratomas, among them are:

• actinic;
• follicular;
• horny.

Keratoma (see photo below) of the actinic type is a disease that manifests itself after forty years. The most susceptible to this pathology are people with dry and light skin. Neoplasms have an irregular rounded shape of brown color.

In the area where the keratoma has formed, a slight tingling or itching may occur. This type of keratoma is localized in open areas of the skin. Follicular keratoma is a common disease that can occur in both children and adults. This type of keratoma also has such names as red lichen, goose bumps, dyskeratosis.

The most common locations are:

• hips,
• buttocks,
• elbows,
• knees,
• head,
• arms.

Initially, symptoms such as small blood nodules, a desire to scratch the neoplasm, and keratinization of the skin may occur.

Horny keratoma is an overgrown tissue of the epidermis. At risk are people over forty years old, because. it is after this age that the skin begins to react to the sun and external influences in a different way. This type can outgrow from the seborrheic (senile) type of keratoma.

Can provoke education:

• viral infections;
• injury to the surface of the skin;
• lupus (red or tubercular);
• prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.

Which doctor to contact

Keratoma (what it is, how to treat it is necessary to find out in consultation with a doctor) is diagnosed by a dermatologist. If necessary, he will refer you for a consultation with an oncologist. But there is no reason to panic, because. this neoplasm can be removed.

The main thing you should not hesitate with is a visit to a qualified medical specialist, otherwise you can miss the transition of the disease to an oncological form.

Diagnosis of the disease

To make the correct diagnosis, the following studies may be prescribed:

• history taking through physical examination;
• examination of the neoplasm through a dermatoscope;
• histology of keratoma;
• taking a biopsy;
• conducting an ultrasound examination of the internal organs of the patient;
• taking blood to study the hormonal background;
• immune status check.

Treatment is prescribed only by the attending physician after the studies. To exclude the risk of malignancy, a biopsy is taken and a histological examination is performed.

Removal Methods

There are several methods for removing keratoma.

These include:

• laser removal;
• electrocoagulation;
• removal by radio waves;
• cauterization;
• using liquid nitrogen;
• surgical method of removal.

Removing a keratoma with a laser is considered the most common and best option for the patient. This method allows you to remove the neoplasm so that there are no scars and scars. This procedure has contraindications, therefore, first of all, the patient undergoes a consultation with a dermatologist and a surgeon.

Before proceeding with the removal, the place where the keratoma has formed is lubricated with a special pain-blocking gel. The laser beam acts on the neoplasm pointwise, evaporating the damaged cells and not touching the healthy skin. The procedure takes no more than 30 minutes.

After the removal of the main formation, an additional exposure to a laser beam is carried out, which seals the vessels and disinfects the surface so that the infection does not penetrate. A wound remains in place of the keratoma, which heals for seven days.

Contraindications for laser removal:

• poor blood clotting;
• oncological diseases;
• period of pregnancy;
• pathological processes in the respiratory organs;
• temperature;
• disruption of the kidneys and liver;
• diabetes;
• tuberculosis disease.

You can get rid of keratoma with the help of electrocoagulation. This method consists in exposing the neoplasm to an electric current. With it, the affected area is literally cut out. After removal, a crust remains at the site of exposure, under which the final healing of tissues occurs.

You can not touch the scab during the rehabilitation period, it will fall off on its own after 14 days. This method is most suitable for the treatment of keratomas that have not reached a large size. Keratomas are not removed by this method in prominent areas of the body, so as not to leave an ugly scar or scar.

Electrocoagulation is contraindicated in angina pectoris, arrhythmias and pressure problems.

Removal of a keratoma by radio wave is most often practiced in open areas of the body, for example, on the face. This procedure is carried out without contact with the skin. The skin is exposed to high temperatures, evaporating the neoplasm. A crust remains at the site of exposure, which departs on its own without scars and scars on the seventh day after the procedure.

Cauterization of neoplasms is performed using chemicals, namely acids, alkalis and mineral salts. Today, this procedure is not relevant, as it has many contraindications and undesirable consequences.

According to statistics, people use this method at home, which is fraught with irreversible consequences. Due to an incorrectly performed procedure, a keratoma can transform into oncology.

Getting rid of keratoma with liquid nitrogen is also a popular procedure in medical practice. The procedure takes no more than two minutes. The specialist who performs the removal dips the wooden applicator, at the end of which there is cotton wool, in liquid nitrogen and presses it firmly against the keratoma for 30 seconds.

Such applications are done until redness appears around the neoplasm. You should not be afraid of such a procedure, since the sensations during the effect of nitrogen on the problem area are compared with a slight tingling or burning sensation.

After the procedure, a crust remains, which departs after a couple of days, and the wound heals after 14 days. It is not necessary to process the place where the keratoma was after the procedure.

The photo shows the process of skin healing after removal of a keratoma.

Surgical removal of the keratoma is the standard method. The neoplasm is eliminated with a scalpel, after setting anesthesia. After removal of the keratoma, sutures are applied, which must be removed after seven days. With The decision is made by the doctor, evaluating the quality of the operation.

Keratoma after removal

After removal of the neoplasm, a scab appears in its place, which independently departs after a certain period of time. Most often, after the crust, a pink spot remains, which disappears after a month, and the skin in this place takes on a familiar look.

What drugs are used for cauterization

Keratomas are cauterized with preparations that contain such active substances as:

• glycolic acid,
• fluoroacil,
• podophyllin,
• trichloroacetic acid.

The procedure should be carried out only in a specialized clinic. Self-administration of such drugs can lead to chemical burns. As a result, an irreversible process of transition of a keratoma into a malignant formation can occur.

Folk remedies

Skin keratoma in some cases is treated with folk remedies.

The most common folk recipes for the treatment of keratoma:

Any use of folk remedies at home must be coordinated with a qualified specialist. It will help you adjust your dosage. For greater effectiveness, procedures should be carried out daily.

How to avoid the appearance of new keratomas

To prevent new keratomas from arising:

• It is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle and regularly take vitamin complexes. This is especially true of vitamin P. It is found in buckwheat, beans, burdock, herbs, citrus fruits.

• In addition, you do not need to abuse being in the sun on hot summer days. The skin can react in an unpredictable way and start the process of keratoma formation.
• Do not wear tight clothing, especially synthetics.
• It is required to carry out hygiene procedures in a timely manner and process skin folds, cleaning them from contamination.
• If it is not possible to hide from the sun in the summer, then it is necessary to apply creams that protect from the sun. It is important to pay attention to the composition: titanium dioxide must be present among the components. It is particularly effective in protecting against the sun.

This neoplasm is benign, but you need to know that there is a risk of its transformation into a malignant one. At the same time, skin keratoma (photos, symptoms and treatment in adults are described in this article) is not a sentence, because. you can delete it without a trace.

Video about skin keratoma, its symptoms and treatment methods

What is a keratoma and how to treat it, expert advice:

Removal of keratome with nitrogen:

Benign hyperkeratotic skin neoplasms in dermatology are classified according to clinical manifestations and risk of malignancy. There are senile, seborrheic, horny, follicular, solar keratoma and angiokeratoma.
Senile (senile) keratoma. The most common form of pathology, characterized by the appearance of single or multiple brown spots from 1 to 6 cm in diameter, localized in open areas of the skin. Formations tend to grow peripherally with a change in structure. Over time, the spot becomes convex due to infiltration and proliferation of individual sections of the keratoma, loose, soft, sometimes a little painful to the touch. Later, the keratoma begins to peel off, follicular keratosis occurs inside the growing tumor with the formation of cysts of hair follicles. Injury to the neoplasm leads to bleeding, secondary infection, inflammation. Senile keratoma can self-resolve or transform into a cutaneous horn, and therefore there is a tendency to malignancy of the pathological process.
Seborrheic keratoma. Neoplasia, the hallmark of which is slow growth with the formation of multi-layered crusts in the absence of weeping. The pathological process begins with the appearance of yellowish spots up to 3 cm in diameter, localized on the chest, shoulders, back, scalp. Over time, due to disruption of the sebaceous glands in the lesion, the spots become covered with loose crusty scales, which are easily separated from the surface of the neoplasm. Seborrheic keratomas rarely remain isolated from each other, they tend to cluster and grow peripherally. Together with them, they increase in size and the crusts, which begin to exfoliate, become covered with cracks. The thickness of the cortical scales reaches 1.5-2 td. The keratoma itself acquires a brown tint, its damage causes bleeding and pain. There was no tendency to spontaneous resolution or malignancy.
Horny keratoma (skin horn). A rare tumor-like neoplasm of horny cells. Initially, a hyperemic area appears on the skin, in the area of ​​​​which, due to the compaction of the epidermis, a hyperkeratotic convex tubercle (up to 10 cm above the level of healthy skin) is formed, dense to the touch, with an uneven scaly surface and an inflammatory rim around the base. Most often, the cutaneous horn is a single neoplasm, but cases of multiple keratomas have also been described. Horny keratoma exists as an independent pathology or as a symptom accompanying other nosologies. It is localized on the face, in the area of ​​the red border of the lips and genitals. A distinctive feature of horny keratoma is its spontaneous malignancy.
Follicular keratoma is located around the hair follicles. The first manifestation of the pathology is a convex flesh-colored nodule with a diameter of not more than 1.5 cm with a rough surface. In the center of the formation, a cone-shaped depression, sometimes covered with a scale, is revealed. Keratoma is localized in the area of ​​hair follicles, most often on the face and scalp. Spontaneous malignancy is unlikely, but the tumor may recur even after radical resection.
Solar keratoma is a precancerous skin disease. The pathological process debuts with the appearance of many small, scaly, bright pink papules, which quickly transform into brown plaques with a wide inflammatory corolla along the periphery. The scales covering the plaques are whitish, dense, rough, but are easily removed from the keratoma when scraped. The solar keratoma is localized mainly on the face. It has a tendency to spontaneous malignancy or spontaneous resolution of the pathological process, followed by the appearance of a keratoma in the same place.

Keratopapilloma (or keratotic papilloma) is a formation with a benign growth pattern, close to papilloma. It rises above the surface of the skin, has the appearance of a cauliflower, the surface of the papillary type, can be up to 1-2 cm in size, can be compared with a large pea.

In the process of aging in the body, the work of many organs and systems is disrupted. Human skin is a complex organ in which there are pathologies. One of these pathologies is senile warts - the result of a violation of the keratinization process. They consist of multiple layers of keratinocytes that have undergone keratinization. Increased ability to keratinize or hyperkeratosis is the reason for the appearance of such a formation.

Keratopapilloma creates inconvenience in everyday life due to slight damage, the characteristic place of localization of the formation is open areas of the body (face, arms and neck). The development of an inflammatory process as a result of an injury is likely. It is malignant, rarely degenerates into cancer - with systematic irritation (scratching, tearing, rubbing).

Code according to ICD-10 (international classification of diseases of the 10th revision) in keratopapilloma D23 - other benign skin neoplasms.

Types of senile warts

The growth is similar to a wart, but the cause of its occurrence is different. Warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), and keratopapilloma is an age-related change.

Senile keratoma

Senile keratoma is known as senile. characterized by gradual development. Initially, a small hyperpigmented speck appears, which has a brown color. Gradually, the surface of the spot begins to rise above the surface of the skin, acquires a papillary appearance (for which reason they can be confused with condyloma). It is soft on palpation. Later, the integumentary layer undergoes keratinization and disappears in the form of grayish plates.

It is considered a benign formation characteristic of old age. It is located on the upper limbs, face, back and other closed areas of the body.

Follicular

The keratoma is located in the hair follicle or nearby. It is a small flesh-colored nodule, it is pink or cream due to weak pigmentation, 1-1.5 cm in size. A hyperemic line outlines the growth around. In the center is a recess in which keratohyalin masses are located.

It does not pose a danger, it becomes malignant with a low probability, but it can reappear after removal. Favorite places of localization - nasolabial folds, upper lip, cheeks.

Seborrheic wart

Tumor of epithelial origin, benign. It develops from the basal layer of the epidermis. Typical for older people. Formed over several decades. It can reach 4 cm in diameter. Having passed the stage of an inconspicuous yellowish spot, it gradually hypertrophies and grows. During the entire time of formation, oily scales are peeled off from the surface of the spot. Fat content gives sebum, thanks to which the tumor got its name. It is localized more often in closed areas of the body. A seborrheic wart can be black in color and mushroom-shaped (or like a papilla). Senile (seborrheic) growths do not undergo malignant transformation.

Horny keratoma

A neoplasm that develops from the prickly layer of the epidermis. Clinically manifested in the form of a horn, as in animals. The reason is the unnatural ability of the horny substance to stick together keratinized epithelial cells. May appear at any age. The affected area is uncovered areas of healthy skin. It develops against the background of solar, seborrheic keratosis, nevus, viral warts, skin tuberculosis, etc. It reaches several centimeters in length. Takes any form. Characterized by slow growth. It is sometimes located on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, lips, eyelids. Rarely malignant.

solar keratosis

It is a precancerous condition. It develops as a result of the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays of sunlight on keratocytes. As a result, the cells become atypical. The predisposing factor is heredity, pale skin color, old age, the degree of insolation. The danger lies in the possibility of degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma or basalioma.

It has the appearance of multiple limited foci of hyperkeratosis on the skin that has undergone excessive insolation. Initially, such a rash is slightly painful, has a color from red to gray-black.

Angiokeratoma

It has the appearance of a papule, up to 1 cm in diameter, of irregular shape. The focus that gave rise to the tumor is the papillary layer of the epidermis. A feature is the presence of developed vascular elements, which gives a red or purple hue. But when pressed, it does not lighten. They appear in different age groups. Can cause paresthesia, eye damage.

Causes

Reasons for the appearance of warts with age:

• dysfunction of the sebaceous glands;
• improper diet (excess in the diet of animal fats, hypo- and beriberi, especially vitamins E, A, PP);
• prolonged exposure to the sun;
• elderly age;
• genetic predisposition;
• concomitant diseases (fatty seborrhea, leukoplakia, skin tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, squamous cell carcinoma, basalioma, etc.);
• floor. Dyskeratoses develop in both sexes, but some of their forms are more common in males (cutaneous horn);
• mechanical and chemical damage.

A feature of the appearance of warts with age is that one pathological neoplasm can cause another (skin horn can develop on the basis of other keratoses).

Symptoms and diagnosis

It is possible to determine the age wart due to the symptoms:

• at the beginning, the pathological formation looks like a speck stuck to the skin;
• color: pink to black or dark brown;
• size and appearance: initially a small spot appears, which eventually begins to grow, rises above the surface of the skin and acquires a warty appearance. Over time, it changes and takes on a mushroom-like appearance. Multiple formations, closely spaced, can merge together, then the sizes increase significantly;
• age-related keratomas are characterized by the development of hyperkeratosis, active keratinization of epithelial cells. As a result, a significant layer of exfoliated horny masses is formed, sometimes up to 2 cm thick;
• formations may differ in localization. Condylomas can occur on mucous membranes, in the larynx (on the vocal cords), bladder, ureters, external auditory canal, sometimes in the chest (intraductal);
• keratomas are never located on the mucous membranes, but can appear on the back, arms, chest, head.

For such formations, malignancy is not typical, but outwardly they are able to resemble melanoma due to jagged edges, which is observed in some cases.

Diagnosis is carried out by a dermatologist (or dermatologist-oncologist). During the examination, the appearance, shape, edges, dimensions, consistency are evaluated, then a fragment (piece) of the warty growth is taken for histological examination. Only histology will allow an accurate diagnosis.

What is the difference between papilloma and keratoma

Papilloma and keratoma are benign neoplasms. They differ in the following features:

1. Keratoma is formed as a result of a violation of keratinization. The phenomenon of hyperkeratosis develops. The resulting structures have a dense texture, and the keratinized epidermis exfoliates from the surface of the growth.
2. Papilloma is formed as a result of active division of epithelial cells. As a result, the cells form masses resembling cauliflower. The growth has a soft texture, a developed network of capillaries and stromal elements.
3. The difference in the age group: keratomas are typical for the elderly, papillomas occur at any age.
4. Papillomatosis is the result of exposure to the human papillomavirus, as opposed to keratomas.
5. A provoking factor in the appearance of keratomas is advanced age and excessive insolation. Places of localization - open areas of the body. Papillomatous growths appear anywhere.

Treatment Methods

This pathology is characteristic of the elderly, classical methods of therapy may not be suitable due to the presence of many absolute and relative contraindications due to age-related characteristics and concomitant diseases.

Age-related (seborrheic) growths do not pose a danger and physical discomfort, they turn to doctors for aesthetic reasons when neoplasms are located on the face.

Some warts are a symptom of other somatic disorders that require additional diagnosis.

Surgical removal

Surgery is the traditional treatment option. In surgery, treatment is used only in such cases:

• the likelihood of degeneration into a malignant tumor;
• inconvenient location when permanent damage occurs;
• when the process is pronounced and has a multiple character.

The essence of the operation:

1. Inspection, choice of place and scope of the operation.
2. Preparation of the operating field. Treatment with an antiseptic solution (betadine).
3. Anesthesia (novocaine or lidocaine).

There is an individual intolerance to the anesthetic.

1. Dissection of tissues, excision of the pathological area within healthy tissues.
2. Antiseptic treatment.
3. Skin suture with re-treatment with betadine.
4. The imposition of an aseptic bandage.

Advantages of the operation:

• low probability of reappearance in the same place;
• acceptable price;
• get rid of pathological tissues as much as possible, which is important in the case of a malignant tumor.

Negative sides:

• remains a scar;
• the likelihood of infectious complications;
• relatively long healing time.

Hardware procedures

Hardware procedures include:

• cryodestruction;
• radio wave method;
• laser removal.

Cryodestruction- the use of liquid nitrogen, low temperature allows you to destroy the tissues of pathological formation without damaging healthy tissues. The procedure is practically not felt, and scars are not formed. The pathological focus will not disappear immediately, but after a few weeks. This method is safe for the elderly

radio wave– use of high-frequency radio waves. A feature of the method is the accuracy of execution, short procedure time and the likelihood of application in hard-to-reach places (on the eyelids).

laser removal- layer-by-layer removal of cells with a special laser. It involves the elimination of a cosmetic defect in several sessions; it will not be possible to remove everything at once. But the procedure has no age restrictions, bloodless due to cauterization of blood vessels, short-term in duration.

Folk methods of treatment

Traditional medicine allows you to treat keratopapilloma on the skin at home on your own. Treatment with folk remedies is varied.

Onion	For the recipe, you need onion peel, which is desirable to chop, pour dried peel into a jar and pour table vinegar, leave for 14 days in a dark place. Then filter the tincture and apply externally (make compresses). First for half an hour, and then increase the time to 3 hours. Result: The wart should soften, which will reduce the chance of injury.
Propolis	The therapeutic effect of propolis slows down the growth of malformations. Propolis is kneaded to a homogeneous mass and applied to the affected area for 5 days. You can fix it with a plaster or bandage.
Castor oil	The method requires warm oil. It must be rubbed into the malformation daily. As a result, education will decrease or growth will slow down.
nuts	You will need to collect unripe nuts, remove the crust from them. Grind it and add it to your regular hand cream. Apply the remedy twice a day.

Features of the treatment of seborrheic keratoma

Seborrheic keratoma can be treated with the following dermatological methods:

1. Removal of the focus by cryodestruction.
2. laser removal.
3. chemotherapy method.
4. The use of aromatic retinoids.

A medical neodymium laser is used to remove the keratoma. The principle of operation is similar to laser removal of other formations - layer-by-layer destruction of cells.

The chemotherapeutic method involves the use of 30% prospidin and 5% fluorouracil ointment, Solcoderm. Ointments have an antitumor effect. Solcoderm causes mummification of the formation with subsequent self-elimination. It is used only after checking for good quality. As a result, a reduction in keratotic elements is achieved.

Aromatic retinoids are synthetic analogues of vitamin A. They slow down cell division. There are a number of contraindications, appointed individually.

Possible complications and prevention of the disease

Preventive actions:

• less time in the sun;
• do not visit the solarium;
• the diet should have a lot of greens (parsley, onion, dill, basil);
• moderate consumption of animal fats;
• give up bad habits (smoking, alcohol);
• timely treatment of skin diseases;
• be less nervous.

Possible complications:

• inflammation;
• infection with the development of a purulent process;
• the formation of a volumetric cosmetic defect.