Eid al-Fitr is a blessed holiday for Muslims. Uraza Bayram - a blessed holiday of Muslims When Eid Bayram is celebrated in

The biggest holiday - Eid al-Fitr - in 2017, Muslims will begin to celebrate on June 25. The celebrations of the Feast of Conversation, which are associated with various rituals and traditions, will continue for the next three days. During the days of Eid al-Fitr in large cities of the Russian Federation, traffic is introduced.

Every year Eid al-Fitr is celebrated on different days and the date of the celebration is calculated based on the lunar calendar. For the most important holiday for Muslims - in the world it is also called Eid al-Fitr, which marks the end of one of the most difficult periods of the year for every Islamic believer - the fast of Ramadan, they always begin to prepare in advance and with great care. It is known that Muslims around the world began celebrating the feast of breaking the fast as early as 624, that is, from the time of the Prophet Muhammad.

How to prepare for Eid al-Fitr

The time of fasting for Muslims is very difficult, because they are required to develop willpower and improve spiritually. During Ramadan, believers help all those in need, distribute alms and pray a lot.

On the eve of Eid al-Fitr, women clean up the house, decorate it, and the day before the celebration, they prepare various traditional dishes. By the way, one of the important traditions of Eid al-Fitr is the exchange of food between neighbors. And before the holiday, everything that had worn out over the previous year should have been updated. Therefore, be sure to buy new clothes, blankets and pillows. Gifts are prepared for relatives and friends, especially children.

Before the onset of Eid al-Fitr, Muslims perform a ritual of ablution and put on a clean and festive outfit. Then the men go to the mosque for prayer before dawn, and after the completion of the prayer they return home to the festive table, where women are waiting for them. And although faith allows, after a strict monthly fast, to eat everything that they used to eat before Ramadan, you should still start Eid al-Fitr without any frills - dairy products and fruits.

Eid al-Adha traditions

The traditions of the holiday have evolved over the centuries and they are well known to all Muslims of the world. Among the mandatory: make donations, visit older relatives, as well as the graves of the dead.

In many Muslim countries, the holiday of breaking the fast or Eid al-Fitr is a public holiday, and therefore most institutions do not work on the first day of Shawwal, and children's institutions do not work for several days after the onset of Eid al-Bayram.

Restrictions on traffic in Moscow and St. Petersburg in Eid al-Adha

On the days of the holiday of breaking the fast, the authorities in many large cities change the traffic pattern. So, in the capital on Sunday, June 25, from 7:00 to 8:30, the Minsk metro station will be closed for the entrance of passengers. On the same day, from 4:00 to 11:00, traffic will be limited near the Moscow Cathedral, the Historical Mosque, the Shuhada Mosque, as well as on Minskaya Street (on the section from Mosfilmovskaya Street to Kutuzovsky Prospekt) and on Andropov Prospekt opposite house 11, building 2. Traffic will be adjusted near the mosques "Yardam" and "Inam" along Khachaturian street.

Eid al-Fitr belongs to the category of major Islamic religious dates. It is one of the five pillars of the Mohammedan religion, therefore, in almost all Islamic states, this celebration is a national holiday. The time of its onset, like many other important religious dates in Islam, depends on the lunar calendar. Uraza Bayram is celebrated after the end of the holy monthly fast - Ramadan, so the celebration is also called a holiday.

Holiday date in 2017

Breaking the fast always falls on the first day of the month of Shawwal. In 2017, the celebration falls on June 25th. The Mohammedans, who have fasted for a month, will indulge in fun for three days. For this period, almost all organizations, schools and even shops are closed in Islamic states - everyone should celebrate Eid al-Adha. Believers say goodbye to the blessed days of Ramadan, used to subdue passions, spiritual improvement and help those in need.

Preparation for the holiday

Before the onset of the Eid al-Fitr holiday, residents of Islamic states observe a strict fast for a whole month. During this time, every believer must adhere to several restrictions - not to eat or drink until the evening (until the last ray of the sun disappears over the horizon) and refrain from marital intimacy. During the day, food can be eaten only twice. The first meal is called iftar (meal after sunset) and the second meal is called suhoor (meal before dawn).

You need to eat with your family, as food in restaurants and other places of entertainment is not welcome. Indulgences are made only for the elderly, pregnant women, nursing mothers and those who are sick (mentally or physically). Some concessions also exist for travelers (with the transfer of fasting to another time). Those who cannot fast in the prescribed month can mitigate their sin by alms.

On June 21, 2017, a harsh fast will be replaced by preparations for a big holiday

Four days before the holiday, all women do general cleaning. This issue is approached with all responsibility, carefully putting in order the house, yard buildings, premises for animals and the domestic animals themselves. When the house begins to sparkle with cleanliness, the time comes when every Muslim must bring himself into proper form - perform the ritual of ablution and put on clean festive clothes.

On the eve of the holiday, the hostesses spend the whole evening in the kitchen, preparing dishes of oriental cuisine for the celebration of breaking the fast. Children decorate the house and deliver cooked food to the homes of relatives - the exchange of treats is an indispensable tradition of this holiday. On the day preceding Uraza Bayram, it is necessary to prepare gifts for relatives, as well as forgive all the grievances accumulated during the year.

holiday traditions

On the day of the holiday, Muslims living in different parts of the world perform the same ceremony - they put on the best clothes and go to the mosque to pray. Solemn "gaet-prayer" begins one hour before dawn. According to the canons of most Islamic states, prayers are attended by men. Women are instructed to prepare refreshments and set the table so that everything is ready for the arrival of guests.

Charity is an integral part of holiday traditions

After the prayer, everyone congratulates each other on the holiday and goes to visit, or they themselves convene relatives for a solemn meal. Uraza-Bayram involves the fulfillment of important religious prescriptions. In particular, on this day, believers donate money to the needy (this donation is called “zakat al-fitr”), visit older and sick relatives, visit the resting places of the dead and read the Koran, asking the Almighty for an easy fate for the living and the afterlife without suffering for the dead.

What and how to eat on Eid al-Adha

The main product used in the preparation of festive dishes is lamb. Mistresses prepare a huge number of culinary delights from a young lamb - soups, fried or baked meat, various snacks, barbecue and other dishes. The filling of the festive table depends on the national traditions of a particular Islamic state.

Residents of Tatarstan cook a lot of pancakes and pies, pilaf is served in Central Asia, the table of the inhabitants of Saudi Arabia is bursting with fresh fruits and delicacies, and the Turks eat baklava and other sweets in the morning. An important tradition is the washing of hands before the guest sits down at the table, as well as after the meal. Muslims, unlike Europeans, do not go to the bathroom for this. Hands are washed in a special basin, which is passed around.

The festive table of Muslims from different countries has its own characteristics

The children of the owner of the house are always involved in this custom - they respectfully pour water on the guests' hands from a richly decorated jug. Muslim traditions say that the owner of the house should start eating first, inviting guests to share the table with him. He also has no right to finish the meal before the last guest has eaten. Guests can take food with their hands or utensils - the main thing is that the fork or spoon is in the right hand.

In no case should you take food with your left hand or snatch pieces from a plate with two fingers. Often food is served to several people at once. In this case, everyone takes pieces from their side of the plate. If hot drinks are served to guests, please wait for them to cool down on their own. In no case should you blow on a hot drink or interfere with it with a spoon - this is extremely tactless and disrespectful towards the owner of the house!

Uraza Bairam (in Arabic - Eid al-Fitr) is the holiday of breaking the fast, marking the end of the fast in the month of Ramadan. It is one of the two great holidays in Islam. It is celebrated for three days. It begins on the evening of the 30th day of the month of Ramadan, when, according to the Muslim calendar (Hijri), the 1st day of the next month, Shawwal, begins.

In 2017, the month of Ramadan ends at sunset on June 25 and the next day - June 26 - the beginning of the Eid al-Fitr holiday falls.

How Eid al-Fitr is celebrated

Uraza Bayram is one of the most significant religious holidays for every Muslim, which is directly related to the ideas of spiritual improvement and good deeds. It is customary to celebrate this holiday with good deeds, showing concern for others and compassion for those in need.

Thorough cleaning of the house begins four days before the holiday. Before an important day, they try to buy food and gifts, decorate and renovate their homes. New curtains, furniture covers, festive clothes are bought.

Before the holiday, it is necessary to forgive each other insults, try to visit your relatives and friends, asking for forgiveness from them.

In the evening, the hostesses prepare traditional oriental dishes. Children carry them to their relatives, there is a mutual exchange of treats. This custom is called "so that the house has the smell of food."

With the beginning of Uraza Bairam, it is considered good to get up early, take a bath, dress neatly and smartly, use incense, and be friendly with everyone. On this day, Muslims greet each other with such words: “May Allah send His mercy to you and us!”, “May Allah accept our and your prayers!”. It is advisable to eat an odd number of dates or something sweet before reading the holiday prayer.

On this day, Muslims perform a festive prayer - Eid-namaz, and the day before they pay the obligatory alms of breaking the fast - zakat al-fitra (it can either be given to the needy or transferred to the mosque). According to legend, the Prophet himself ordered to help the poor, so in Eid al-Fitr, Muslims try to be generous and show sympathy for those in need.

The start time for the Eid prayer comes when the sun rises about 3 meters above the horizon (30 minutes after sunrise). The end of the time allotted for this prayer is the moment when the sun is at its zenith.

Eid prayer can be performed at home, but men should perform it in the mosque with other believers.

On these holidays, special generosity and attention of the head of the family to his wife, children and relatives are encouraged. It is customary to visit relatives and friends, as well as to receive guests at home. It is also customary to ask each other for forgiveness and visit the graves of their deceased loved ones, reading surahs from the Koran and asking Allah to alleviate their plight.

In most Muslim countries, Eid al-Fitr is considered a day off and it is forbidden to work on this day.

What is prepared for Eid al-Fitr

According to legend, if you eat delicious food on Eid al-Fitr, then next year the festive table will also burst with treats. Friends and relatives are usually invited to the meal, with whom gifts and congratulations are exchanged. On a holiday, it is customary to forgive insults and spend it in a joyful mood.

In Uraza Bayram, it is customary to visit the graves of deceased relatives and the tombs of saints. At the same time, in no case is it allowed to cry and reveal sadness, on the contrary, it is necessary to rejoice that the deceased relatives are in a better world. Muslims believe that the souls of their loved ones feel their love and enjoy the holiday with them.

In Eid al-Fitr, hostesses try to show off their culinary skills and cook the most delicious dishes. Traditionally, lamb soups and broths, roasts with a side dish of vegetables and rice are served on this day. On the tables there are always various salads and other delicious snacks. In Central Asia, a festive meal cannot do without fragrant pilaf.

Traditional sweets, nuts and dried fruits occupy a special place among treats. There should be a lot of desserts, because they are treated to relatives and friends, they are presented as alms and given to neighbors. The abundance of sweets is another reason why children adore this holiday. A festive feast in Eid al-Fitr always begins with the washing of hands, moreover, it is held simply at the table - the children of the owners of the house go around all the guests and pour water on their hands over a basin.

Then a prayer of gratitude to Allah is pronounced, and only after that all those gathered begin to eat. The main role is assigned to the owner of the house - he starts and finishes the meal. During the feast, the cutlery must be held with the right hand, food can also be taken with the hands, but not with two fingers. The first course is cakes or bread, and it is customary not to cut them, but to break them. Glasses, bowls and other drinking vessels should also be held in the right hand. It is necessary to drink in small sips, slowly. The meal also ends with a prayer.

The material is compiled from open sources.

Ramadan (among the Turkic peoples - Uraza) according to the synodic calendar, falls on the 9th lunar month, its beginning annually shifts by about 10 days. Believing Muslims show exceptional stamina and devotion to Allah, maintaining fasting, despite the heat.

Ancient Origins of Ramadan

The first mention of a Muslim holiday dates back to 610, this is a mandatory fast, strictly forbidding drinking, eating, smoking in the daytime. It is prescribed to get up before sunrise, read a prayer - the morning azan, take ablutions and food, eat and drink a second time only after dark, after the evening azan.

Every day, Muslims must repeat the intention (niyat): "I am going to fast Ramadan in the name of Allah." Collective prayers are performed even at night.

Ramadan 2017 is spent in prayers, studying the Koran, refusing temptations. It is believed that only a person with pure thoughts overcomes the test, a Muslim who allows himself at least a small indulgence from harsh prohibitions is considered not to have passed the fast.

The holy month is accompanied by an in-depth study of the Koran, the distribution of obligatory and voluntary alms. The souls of believers during this period are cleansed, which has a beneficial effect on later life.

Strict Prohibitions and Permitted Actions for Ramadan

There is a list of restrictions and permissions prescribed for observance for the month of Ramadan 2017, they are compiled for the sole purpose of explaining the rules to believers in order to avoid their unintentional violation. So, during daylight hours it is forbidden:

• not pronouncing intention - niyata;
• conscious acceptance of drink, food;
• smoking;
• sexual intercourse, masturbation;
• swallowing sputum.

Do not break the post:

• injections, blood donation;
• bathing (without water entering the mouth);
• kisses;
• swallowing saliva;
• involuntary vomiting;
• teeth cleaning;
• failure to perform prayers.

Persons eligible for exemption from the fast of Ramadan

Muslim canons strictly regulate deviations from the rules. Ramadan 2017, the beginning of fasting should be meaningful, the believer should be fully aware of the upcoming difficult period. Strict rules are not enforced by children, pregnant and nursing mothers, the sick, the elderly and travelers, they are encouraged to feed the poor and give alms.

Ramadan 2017 - beginning and end

Every year Muslims fast on a different date. It depends on the phase of the moon what date Ramadan 2017 will begin, according to the Islamic calendar - in May, on the 27th, and its end on June 25th. The most responsible are the final 10 days, this is the time of especially fervent prayers. Following the example of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslims retire for 10 days in the mosque, waiting for the night of Laylatul-Qadr (predestination), read the Koran and pray to Allah for the forgiveness of sins.

With the advent of the new month of Shawal, when Ramadan ends, Eid al-Fitr () is celebrated. This is one of the main holidays of Islam, it is met with the solemn prayer of Eid-namaz, which takes place in an open square with a large number of people. All those present congratulate each other, thank Allah for allowing him to pass the test, regret the end of the fast, generously distribute alms in cash or dry food, accompanying donations with the words “Eid Mubarak” (Blessed holiday). People worship Islam, a religion based on moderation, kindness, fortitude. The fun continues with family and friends at a generous table.

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Uraza Bayram in 2020 will last from the evening of Saturday, May 23 to the evening of Sunday, May 24. On this day, faithful Muslims around the world congratulate each other with joy with the words: “Eid Mubarak!” (Blessed holiday!). In most Muslim countries, Eid al-Fitr is considered a day off and it is forbidden to work.

Before the onset of the holiday and throughout Uraz Bayram itself, obligatory donations are collected, which subsequently go to the poor. The ritual of offering alms is one of the foundations of the Muslim faith. In addition, every Muslim on this day performs ablution, dresses up in festive clothes and visits the mosque for common prayer. Only once a year in all the mosques of the world they read a special prayer - Eid-namaz.

Uraza Bayram is a family holiday. On this bright day for Muslims, all relatives try to get together, not to leave anywhere, since it is believed that the souls of the dead on this day return to their homes. On this day, gifts are given, neighbors treat each other. In the morning, before prayer, Muslims perform rites of purification (taharat). This is not only sanitary and hygienic cleanliness and external neatness, but also purity of thoughts. Be sure to remember all the dead relatives, go to their graves, read prayers. Families who have lost relatives this year arrange a day of remembrance for their souls with the invitation of relatives, relatives, neighbors and mullahs.

Prayer on the holiday of Uraza Bayram

A special prayer of Eid-prayer for Muslims begins at sunrise and lasts until the afternoon azan. In the event that a believing Muslim for some reason could not perform Eid-namaz on time, it is allowed to postpone the time of prayer a little, but only until the sun rises in height to the size of a standing bayonet. So did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). This is the essence of the fact that on a holiday it is desirable to distribute obligatory alms - zakat-sakh (fitr sadaka). And this must be done before the holiday prayer. Thus, this "transfer" increases the time for the distribution of alms - zakat. Usually believers give alms, donations to the poor, needy people, travelers, etc. This ritual is one of the five pillars of Islam.

Uraza Bayram 2020 in Moscow

It is expected that the celebration of Eid al-Fitr 2020 in Moscow will bring together about 300,000 people. The main celebration will traditionally take place on May 24, 2020 at the Moscow Cathedral Mosque. On this day, all Muslims of Russia will be congratulated by the President of the Russian Federation and greeted by the head of the Council of Muftis of Russia.

In addition to the Moscow Cathedral Mosque, prayers on the holiday of Uraza Bayram will be held at 37 venues in Moscow and the Moscow region. Eid al-Fitr will be celebrated especially widely in Noginsk, Orekhovo-Zuev, Shchelkovo, Solnechnogorsk, Yakhroma, Mytishchi, Podolsk - where there are large Muslim communities.

• Memorial Mosque "Shuhada" on Poklonnaya Hill: m. "Victory Park", st. Minsk, d. 2B. Eid prayer starts at 6:30
• Moscow Cathedral Mosque: metro station "Prospect Mira", Vypolzov per., 7. Beginning at 07.00
• historical mosque: m. "Novokuznetskaya", st. Bolshaya Tatarskaya, 28, building 1, 2. Beginning at 09.00
• Muslim community "Mercy": m. "Buninskaya Alley", st. Yuzhnobutovskaya, 96, FOK "Emerald". Start at 07.00
• M Muslim community "Kyausar": metro station "Kolomenskaya", Nagatinskaya floodplain, Park of the 60th anniversary of October (main entrance). Start at 06.30

Uraza Bayram 2020 in Kazan

In the capital of Tatarstan Kazan, the main celebrations in honor of the holiday of Uraza Bayram will be held in the Galiyevskaya mosque with the participation of Mufti of Tatarstan Kamil hazrat Samigullin.

• At 03.30, the mufti will traditionally begin to read a sermon.
• At 04:00 am, prayer will take place.
• At 04.05 - khutba (Muslim festive sermon).

In the regions of the Republic of Tatarstan, the festive prayer will be read 30 minutes after sunrise.

Uraza Bayram 2020 in St. Petersburg

Festive service in St. Petersburg mosques will be held on May 23, Sunday, at 07:00 am.

• St. Petersburg Cathedral Mosque.
• Memorial Mosque named after Mufti Jafyar-Khazrat Ponchaev.
• Prayer room “Sennaya”.

Morning prayer: Azan - 02 hours 40 minutes, Namaz - 03 hours 10 minutes.

Festive worship: Reading the Koran - 07 hours 00 minutes, Festive sermon 07 hours 15 minutes, Festive prayer 07 hours 40 minutes.