Types of prostatitis. The most common types of prostatitis in men and their symptoms

Prostatitis is one of the most dangerous “male” diseases. Patients often delay getting a diagnosis until the last minute because the symptoms of prostate inflammation can be extremely unpleasant and even embarrassing. As a result, the patient gets an appointment already at a late stage of the disease, which is much more difficult to deal with.

If you notice at least one of the symptoms of prostatitis, then do not delay visiting a doctor. The sooner you establish the cause of the violations, the more successful the treatment will be. When diagnosing inflammation, it is especially important to determine the specifics of the disease. Different types of prostatitis in men require different therapeutic methods and develop at different rates. Focusing on the varieties of this disease, you can quickly cope with unpleasant symptoms and embark on the path of recovery.

Types of prostatitis are distinguished by the forms of the course and the sources of the disease. The proportion of bacterial infections is becoming smaller every year, giving way to non-bacterial factors. The average age of the patient is decreasing every year: more and more patients are younger than 30 years.

Forms of the course of prostatitis

Prostatitis never starts as a chronic disease. A global lesion is always preceded by an acute stage, characterized by the most striking and noticeable symptoms. Then the disease "calms down", the body gets used to living with it. At this stage, many patients decide that the danger has passed, and do not try to continue treatment. In fact, a “lull”, accompanied by somewhat less unpleasant symptoms, may indicate the transition of prostatitis to a chronic form. The next stage is adenoma, the growth of a cancerous tumor.

All forms of prostatitis are dangerous for the patient. The longer the inflammation remains untreated, the greater the chance of complications. Nevertheless, modern medicine is able to overcome prostatitis in any of its forms: at least until pathological transformations begin.

acute form

The initial stage of prostatitis, characterized by particularly painful sensations. It occurs due to infection of sensitive tissues of the prostate by hostile microorganisms, usually bacteria or protozoa. In rare cases, a fungus can act as the causative agent.

When the inflammatory process begins, the healthy balance of the prostate microflora is disturbed. Microorganisms begin to multiply at a tremendous speed. Weakened immunity cannot fight the “invasion”, and the inflammation worsens.

Manifestation of an acute form of prostatitis

At risk is any man suffering from a weakened immune system. Even if you take care of your immune system, you can still get into a situation where the body's defenses cannot resist. Here are just a few of the conditions that deplete the body's immunity:

• Any surgical operation.
• Pathological processes in the internal systems of the body.
• Hormonal imbalance, increased estrogen production.
• Untreated caries.
• Any chronic disease.

The acute form is characterized by the extremely rapid development of the inflammatory process. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor immediately:

• Characteristic pain in the anus, aggravated by an attempt to defecate.
• Acute pain syndrome: pain in the groin and base of the lower back, pulling unpleasant pain in the muscles.
• Problems with urination: soreness, frequent urges, delays.

It also prevents you from enjoying intimate relationships: it negatively affects erection and prevents ejaculation. If hospitalization is avoided for too long, urination and defecation may begin to be accompanied by pus. Do not try to self-medicate! Suitable antibiotics can only be prescribed by a qualified specialist.

At the first examination of a patient with acute prostatitis, it is especially important to determine its specificity. There are diffuse prostatitis, in which the entire prostate gland increases in size, and focal, characterized by only partial damage to the organ. The gland is also checked for complications. Acute inflammation can be complicated by abscesses of nearby tissues or even vascular thrombosis. After testing for other infections, your doctor may prescribe treatment.

Examination of a patient with prostatitis

In most cases, the acute phase is treated in a hospital. This allows you to stop the disease in the bud, preventing the development of unpleasant complications. The basis of any treatment course are antibiotics supported by suppositories with anti-inflammatory effect. Drugs are often used as adjuvants to relieve swelling and restore normal urine circulation. Enemas with medicinal fees, drugs to strengthen immunity and physiotherapy also have a positive effect. If delayed with treatment, the disease can go into a chronic stage.

Chronic form

Prostatitis in the chronic stage is characterized by a "sluggish" course. The symptoms either get stronger or seem to go away. The patient's quality of life deteriorates, and prolonged ignoring of the problem prepares the conditions for the occurrence of adenoma.

All types of chronic prostatitis develop against the background of insufficient attention to health. This stage is not always preceded by acute prostatitis: sometimes congestion in the organs can become the cause for the development of the disease. Even the microorganisms that live in our immune system can become dangerous aggressors. Risk factors include:

• Lack of movement and exercise, "sedentary" work.
• Eating disorders and (or) abuse of harmful, fatty foods.
• Chronic deficiency of immunity.
• Toxic Habits: Smoking, Alcohol in Prostatitis.
• Past injuries and infections of the genital organs (including those treated).
• Weakened by stress and lack of sleep nervous system.
• Hypothermia of the pelvic area.

In rare cases, the disease may not manifest itself in any way, while the inflammatory process will be aggravated asymptomatically. In other cases, chronic prostatitis is accompanied by the following:

• Burning pain in groin.
• Problems with urination: false urges, urinary retention.
• Slight pain in the genitals.
• General fatigue, lethargy, soreness.
• Sexual dysfunction, attraction problems.

With hypothermia or severe fatigue, the disease can flow into an acute form. In this case, you must first get rid of the exacerbation of the inflammatory process, and only then treat chronic prostatitis. Outpatient treatment is usually prescribed, antibiotics and physiotherapy are selected. The diet must be adjusted. Massage may also be prescribed; in especially advanced cases, the patient is sent for surgery.

Varieties of prostatitis

In the case of such a disease “rich” in complications as prostatitis, the classification is carried out not only according to the forms of the course, but also according to concomitant factors.

There are several most common types of prostatitis. They may be found in the same patient, especially if treatment has been delayed too long.

This variety is becoming less and less common: out of a hundred patients, less than 10 are infected by the bacterial route. The causative agent can be any microorganism that has broken through the immune defenses of the prostate gland (eg, Escherichia coli). The symptoms are consistent with the usual manifestations of acute prostatitis, while laboratory tests reveal changes in the structure of urine, blood and secretions.

Identification of microorganisms-causative agents of prostatitis

Patients 19-40 years of age usually become victims of bacteria. Prolonged stress and overload, exposure to cold and smoking contribute to the development of the disease. Risk factors also include lack of movement and reduced immunity. A large proportion of infections occur in postoperative conditions.

Infectious prostatitis

It is similar to bacterial, but fungal microorganisms can act as the causative agent. The symptoms do not differ from acute prostatitis. Treatment, in addition to dealing with symptoms, comes down to finding and destroying the pathogen.

When getting rid of the source of the disease, rapid relief occurs. Delay in hospitalization can lead to infertility or the formation of chronic pathologies.

congestive prostatitis

One of the most inconspicuous varieties of prostatitis, as it occurs with mild symptoms. Pay attention to the following factors:

• Minor chronic pain in the genitals.
• Retention of urine.
• High fever, mild chills.
• Deterioration of mood, unmotivated feeling of anxiety.
• Minor disorders of the genital area (liquefaction of semen, slight ejaculation delays, sluggish orgasm).

Stages of development of congestive prostatitis

Stagnant processes are characterized by slow blood circulation in the groin (a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle) or irregular secretion renewal (with the refusal of masturbation and sexual activity). Treatment is accompanied by the establishment and elimination of the cause of congestion. Also, the patient is prescribed drugs that stimulate the acceleration of blood, and hormonal agents.

This is a complicated form of prostatitis that occurs only in patients who have avoided treatment for a long time. Improper circulation of urine leads to the formation of salt stones, making it even more difficult to urinate. Endogenous stones may not cause noticeable inconvenience for years, while exogenous stones can completely block the canal, which leads to severe pain during urination, severe pain when walking and sexual contact.

Calculous prostatitis (stones in the prostate)

The complication can cause impotence and infertility, so it must be cured as soon as possible. Massage procedures are excluded as potentially traumatic. They try to get rid of the stones in a non-surgical way, but at some stages, surgical intervention is inevitable.

It will be about men, as they are much more likely than women to neglect the rules of healthy eating. This statement is not unfounded - it is confirmed by data from the WHO (World Health Organization), the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, as well as independent centers for medical information recording. Attitudes towards healthy eating are significantly different between the sexes, therefore it deserves special attention.

It is important to seek medical attention promptly

The consequences of an unhealthy lifestyle threaten men with a reduction in life expectancy, limitation of natural functions (sexual, dynamic, mental), a decrease in social significance, and the development of deadly diseases. Prostatitis in a man is the first call that warns of the approach of significant health problems. This signal should be heard and correctly identified by taking appropriate measures - diet, gymnastics, a normal lifestyle, medical monitoring of health, and improving the environmental background.

Prostatitis and its causes

Inflammation of the prostate can occur for various reasons. Almost always, these causes complement each other, aggravating the course of the disease.

From the point of view of modern medicine, prostatitis has three reasons - aging of the body, stagnant processes in the pelvic area, penetration of an infectious agent into the tissues of the gland. For convenience, they can be considered separately from each other, especially since one of them will be dominant, but they are often combined - three reasons can be relevant at the same time. All causes can be influenced by diet, improving the body of a man.

Aging of the body and prostatitis

The aging of the body is a completely natural cause and, alas, inevitable for everyone. The aging process begins in each person individually - for someone from the age of 50, for someone - from 40, and for some - from 30 or even earlier. Aging depends on many factors, some of which will speed up the process, and some will delay its onset for a longer period. For example, poor nutrition is a negative factor that accelerates aging. And exercising in the morning with jogging will have a positive effect on health, slowing down the process of withering of the body.

The prostate is the trigger for the aging of the human body. The organ starts the sexual activity of the male body, it also stops it. The youth of a man is sexual activity. As long as a man is able to have sexual intercourse, he is not old! Conditionally sexual activity can last a very long time. Medicine knows cases of fertilization by men of women over the age of 80 years. However, such cases are an exception. Most often, the aging process begins earlier. Normal will be the start of the aging process in the period from 45-50 years. This is a medical norm, a certain average value for men. Aging is the biggest cause of prostatitis in men.

congestive prostatitis

The diet should include meat

If the prostate is squeezed from the outside with muscles, inflamed tissues, stagnant fluids, it will inevitably begin to function worse. If we add inflammation of the prostate itself to this, the picture will worsen. Where did all these reasons come from?

The prostate is not an external organ, it is located inside a person, it is surrounded by body tissues - blood, muscles, lymph. When a man sits down, the tissues begin to put pressure on the prostate due to its location. The hydrodynamic mechanism of the work of muscle tissues allows you to endure the process of sitting without harm for some conditional time. The conditionality of this time depends on the physical form of a person - if a man is in good physical shape (his muscles are in good shape, weight is normal), he can sit without harm to the prostate for 2-3 hours. If a man is not in shape, this time is reduced. And the worse the physical condition, the more harm sitting has on the health of the prostate gland.

Compression is the last thing that harms the prostate, first the muscles and circulatory system in the buttock region suffer. Poor circulation contributes to stagnant processes - tissues deprived of blood supply begin to become inflamed. Physiologically, inflammation is the retention of harmful substances in cells. The accumulation of toxins leads to an increase in cell volume, and then to their death. Dead cells, mixed with lymph, form pus. Inflammation is like a fire, starting in one place, it spreads to the surrounding tissues. Gradually from external tissues gets to the prostate gland.

Important! Excess weight is a factor that directly contributes to the occurrence of this type of prostatitis. A diet aimed at normalizing weight will help alleviate the course of any type of prostatitis.

Infectious prostatitis

Infectious prostatitis is a fairly rare occurrence in clinical practice, especially if we compare the statistics of cases of congestive and infectious prostatitis. The first type of the disease occurs 5-6 times more often than the second. It is difficult to bring an infection into the prostate. Predominantly, the infection affects the prostate from other foci of the development of the disease. For example, a pathogenic microorganism can get from diseased kidneys to the prostate gland through the ureter and bladder. Along the way, all the organs that the infection follows can suffer.

Oncological factor in prostatitis

The reason for the development of oncological diseases is not fully known to medical science. However, modern medicine has been able to identify some factors due to which the likelihood of developing oncological pathology increases significantly:

• a shift in the hormonal balance of a man towards the predominance of female hormones;
• long-term damage to prostate tissue by congestion;
• oversaturation of the body with toxins of various nature - combustion products, alkaloids, alcoholic toxins;
• lipid metabolism disorders;
• radiation.

Attention! The listed oncological factors are only a small fraction of the reasons that can cause cancer. But they are enough to understand the relationship of the diet with the onset of such phenomena.

Diet for prostatitis

Good sleep is recommended

Healthy nutrition will help any person to increase the resource of their health. Healthy food is the best medicine. Prostatitis in this sense is no exception. There are diets that can help with any kind of disease.

At the beginning of the article, we touched on the topic of the negligent attitude of the stronger sex to the diet. There is an opinion that external beauty, to which women attach great importance, is to blame. They try to be beautiful to please men! A beautiful woman is slim, has expressive forms and good posture. A diet for women is a path not only to health, but also to beauty. Male beauty is a concept that men are skeptical about. But the connection between beauty and health is obvious. The famous Soviet science fiction writer Ivan Efremov called beauty biological expediency - and this is a fact!

The rules of a strict diet aimed at normalizing the weight of a man

The diet can be approached strictly. For example, diets aimed at losing weight include the process of daily, rigorous counting of calories consumed. People who choose a strict diet are required to spend time counting the calories of each food allowed by the diet. Western culture has made this process easier by requiring food manufacturers to list the calorie content of a product on the packaging. A strict diet is the most effective. It allows you to quickly achieve results. The speed of achieving the result is objectively fast, but it can take an unbearably long time for losing weight. Below is the daily calorie intake for men of different ages and weight categories:

That's not all - there are formulas that specify the number of kilocalories needed to normalize a man's weight:

• 18-29 years old: (body weight * 0.063 + 2.9) * 240 * CFA (physical activity coefficient);
• 30-59 years old: (body weight * 0.05 + 3.65) * 240 * CFA;
• over 60 years old: (body weight * 0.063 + 2.46) * 240 * CFA.

CFA ranges from 1.5 to 2.5. The value of this indicator depends on the degree of employment of a person with physical labor - the more physical activity a man has, the higher the coefficient. For example, a homebody male, computer gamer, and morning exercise hater will get the lowest odds. And the miner, tirelessly chopping coal in the mine, is the tallest. The average figure can be given to an amateur athlete.

The influence of the way of cooking on the health of a man

The way in which food is prepared determines the possibility of obtaining the maximum benefit or harm from the food product. Let's evaluate the benefits of various ways of cooking for a patient with prostatitis:

• Raw food diet. Eating raw food is not as rare as it might seem. When a person chews a carrot or crunches an apple, he does not even suspect that he is following the prescriptions of a diet that is fashionable all over the world. An important difference is that the adherent of a raw food diet always eats raw food, and not at will. A raw food diet is good for the body, but on one condition - the patient does not have disorders of the digestive system. In the presence of a stomach or duodenal ulcer, a raw apple will be harmful. With prostatitis, the benefits of a raw food diet can be assessed as positive. The body receives more vitamins and minerals than with any other way of eating. Raw food diet improves peristalsis, has a good effect on the removal of toxins from the body. However, the body spends a lot of energy on digestion - this is good if you need to lose weight, and it's bad if the body is weakened by illness.
• Cooking. Boiled food is a good cooking choice for prostatitis. An important condition is that food does not need to be boiled completely, this significantly worsens the quality of cooked food.
• Extinguishing. This method is good for those who love fried food. Stewed food is a compromise between boiling and frying. Such food is healthier and safer than fried food.
• Roasting. Frying without oil is impossible. Food prepared in this way is saturated with carcinogens - combustion products, the decay of organic molecules. Harmful for prostatitis.
• Open fire and smoking. These methods of cooking give even more carcinogens than frying - very harmful for prostatitis.

Individual products that should be paid attention to a man with prostatitis

There are foods that significantly affect the condition of the diseased prostate. Let's look at them in detail:

• synthetic food. Under this name appear products obtained as a result of the efforts of food chemistry. Vivid examples are carbonated drinks, secondary protein (protein obtained chemically by processing spoiled foods). A sign of synthetic food is affordability. Such food is harmful to the body in general, and not just for prostatitis. It should be avoided at all costs. Synthetic food also includes nutritional supplements, denoted by the index "E".
• Legumes. Legumes contain phytoestrogens, especially soy. With prostatitis at a young age, soy is contraindicated, as it can disrupt the hormonal balance of a young man, aggravate the course of prostatitis, and lead to a decrease in sexual activity. With prostatitis in adulthood, legumes become useful - they gently relieve the symptoms of the disease, serve as an anti-cancer factor, and contribute to the normalization of sexual activity. The ancient Romans considered foods made from chickpeas (Middle Eastern peas) to be an aphrodisiac.
• Beer and other alcoholic drinks. Modern beer is a synthetic product that contains phytoestrogens. Synthetic beer is harmful at any age. Natural beer is useful in adulthood in small quantities - a mug on the weekend. Alcohol for a mature person becomes an oncological factor affecting the development of prostate neoplasms. I must say that alcohol is harmful at any age, and can only lead to the destruction of the body.
• Fruits and vegetables. Should be abundantly present in the diet of men. Vegetables and fruits have a very positive effect on human health.
• Parsley and other types of table greens. Parsley is a very useful food supplement for prostatitis, it has a positive effect on the health of the prostate gland in all types of prostatitis, relieves the symptoms of this disease, improves the condition of the genitourinary system. Parsley, like other types of table greens, contains flavonoids - biological substances that are beneficial for body tissues - they relieve inflammation, improve the functionality and performance of the human body.

• Fats (fish oil). An abundance of fat in the diet can lead to lipid metabolism disorders. Disturbed lipid metabolism leads to gradual obesity of the body, the appearance of excess weight. The prostate parenchyma, as a result of the influence of heavy fats (high-density lipoproteins), can degrade to the state of adipose tissue. Degradation of prostate tissue fatally affects the state of male sexual health. Sometimes the degeneration of the prostate can lead to the appearance of neoplasms of the organ. The information presented should not cause the thought that fats are always bad. Actually it is not. Not fats are bad, but lipid metabolism disorders. Eliminate the dysfunction of fat synthesis in the body will help the use of fish oil. The polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in it will help to remove excess high-density fats from the body.
• Salt. If swelling is observed with prostatitis, it is worth limiting salt intake. Salt promotes water retention in the body, which is bad for a developed inflammatory process. To remove excess salt from the body, you need to drink plenty of water - more than the recommended rate of one and a half to two liters per day.
• Sugar. Carbohydrates can cause significant harm to the body of a man, provided they are consumed excessively. Nutritionists recommend reducing the consumption of sweets (glucose and its derivatives) to a minimum in the diet of a man after he reaches the age of 30. The recommendation applies to men who have normal indicators of health and physical condition. The danger of carbohydrates is that they affect the content of polyunsaturated acids in the body. And when they are not enough, the amount of high-density lipoproteins increases, and the process of obesity begins. Sweet can be replaced with fruits and honey.

If you follow the rules and recommendations outlined in this article, you can significantly protect the health of the prostate from unwanted pathological phenomena. Healthy eating does not require much work - a little effort of will will help to increase life expectancy, make it brighter.

Acute or chronic prostatitis is found in almost half of men of active age. Bacteria, congestion, stones are diagnosed more often at an older age. Infections provoke illness in the young part of the male population. The therapy is long, complex, does not always give a complete recovery. Therefore, contacting a urologist at the earliest stages of identifying symptoms is important for a speedy cure.

The inflammation of the prostate gland is called prostatitis. Men of active age suffer from the disease. It depends on the causes, the presence of aggravating factors, the patient's lifestyle. There are different types of prostatitis. Often the disease contributes to the development of other prostate problems. Among them are tumors.

Benign processes cause the development of adenoma. Malignant ones lead to cancer. Tumors tend to develop in older men.

Ascending infection refers to the predominant causes of the onset of the disease. The harmful agent from the urination canal reaches the prostate gland. There it has a damaging effect on the tissue of the organ. This type of inflammation is called non-specific.

This scenario of the development of the disease is typical for the spread of alien and its own microflora. Own bacteria cause inflammation under certain conditions. This can occur with a reduced protective function due to hypothermia, a concomitant disease. An important role is played by a chronic focus of infection - caries, tonsillitis. Prostatitis of a non-specific nature makes up the majority of the problems that occur in the prostate gland.

The following pathogens provoke infectious nonspecific inflammations:

• viruses;
• gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria;
• gardnerella - small sticks;
• chlamydia;
• mycoplasmas.

Infectious prostatitis nonspecific may appear due to infection of the patient after sexual contact. There is also a way for a foreign agent to penetrate from purulent foci of the skin, mucous membranes, and other sources of infection, for example, with tonsillitis.

The causes of inflammatory processes in the prostate can be congestive (stagnant) phenomena. Venous or secretory stasis in the gland is possible in certain situations. Provoking factors include reduced or excessive sexual activity, prolonged abstinence, frequently practiced interrupted sexual intercourse, nicotine and alcohol dependence.

Men often ignore the initial manifestations of the inflammatory process. Postponing a visit to the doctor is dangerous. It is also important to lead a correct lifestyle, treat comorbidities in a timely manner, and get rid of sources of infections. Chronic prostatitis is often caused by several pathogens.

Risk factors

The possibility of problems with the prostate increases if there is a history of infectious diseases, as well as conditions that are accompanied by stagnation. Hypothermia and a decrease in immunity also affect. Factors contributing to the development of prostatitis:

• not the correct rhythm of sexual activity;
• hypothermia (frequent or one-time);
• inert lifestyle, work that forces you to sit for a long time;
• frequent constipation;
• diseases of the genitourinary system;
• perineal injury;
• diseases that are sexually transmitted;
• chronic pathologies or foci of infection (cholecystitis, caries, tonsillitis);
• nervous stress, depression;
• frequent colds.

With constant intoxication after the use of nicotine, alcohol, drugs, the risk of developing the disease increases. All of the above causes contribute to the appearance of pathology, enhancing the latent inflammatory process in the prostate.

The main role in the development of the disease is played by the phenomena of stagnation. Problems of blood flow in the capillaries provoke metabolic disorders. The addition of specific and nonspecific flora against the background of the situations described is the most common cause of prostatitis.

Classification of types and forms

Currently, there are many classifications of prostatitis. This includes definitions of the process by frequency of occurrence, cause of occurrence, route of infection. Let us dwell on the simplest and most popular varieties from a practical point of view. According to the etiology, prostatitis is:

• bacterial;
• infectious;
• calculous;
• stagnant;
• purulent.

Flow shape:

• spicy;
• chronic.

Statistical data indicate that more often pathology is provoked by causes of a non-bacterial nature. There is also a significant rejuvenation of the disease. Previously, it was considered a problem for older men. Now more and more young patients suffer from prostatitis.

Acute prostatitis

It occurs quickly, the symptoms are growing actively, rapidly. Usually the process is infectious, provoked by harmful agents - bacteria, fungi, protozoa. A common cause may be Escherichia coli, enterococci, Proteus and others. Many microorganisms are part of their own flora. In conditions of reduced immune response, they become pathogens and cause damage to the prostate gland.

The presence of sources of infection - caries, tonsillitis, chronic pathological processes increase the likelihood of the disease. Men determine their illness almost immediately. There are symptoms of general intoxication.

Expressed pain in the perineum, groin, radiating to the anus, lower back. Possible pain during defecation, myalgia. Urine comes out with difficulty, the urge to empty the bladder is frequent, with delays. Patients note worsening of erection, ejaculation. There is pus in urine and secretions, usually when the disease is neglected.

Chronic prostatitis

The disease can be caused by various reasons: the phenomena of stagnation, the ingress of microbes, age-related changes. Often the prostate is attacked by its own immune system after an absolute cure. This is possible if the patient is subject to stress, has injured the prostate gland, and is often hypothermic.

Also, chronicity is due to an untreated acute process. Possible manifestation of an asymptomatic form. In this case, there is inflammation, but the pathogenic flora does not reveal itself.

Manifested the disease is less pronounced than in the acute course. Patients note some problems with urination against the background of discomfort. There may be a decrease in sexual activity, weakness appears, sometimes there is pain in the groin, a burning sensation.

Periods of exacerbation are characterized by symptoms of an acute process.

Bacterial prostatitis

This type of inflammation is acute and chronic. It is caused by various pathogenic organisms. Symptoms as in acute course. After the examination, changes in fluid media are detected, on this basis a diagnosis is made.

This disease is more common in young people. Contribute to its development is a decrease in the immune response, the influence of external factors - stress, frequent alcohol consumption, cooling, weak motor mode. Infectious foci and chronic pathologies of the body, surgeries are also important.

In an acute course, patients note symptoms of intoxication - chills, weakness, hyperthermia, myalgia. Painful sensations of the perineum, anus, and genital organs are locally manifested. Problems with urination, worsening of erection are also expressed. In the blood, secreted fluids characteristic changes.

In its chronic course, the symptoms are not so obvious. The exacerbation is manifested by signs of an acute course.

Inflammatory process of the gland caused by foreign microbes. There are acute and chronic. Symptoms and course resemble a bacterial type of pathology. This disease is distinguished by the fact that it is caused by protozoan, fungal pathogens. Among other types of the disease, it is rare, mainly in young patients. The reasons are common factors and the penetration of pathogens into the gland from the foci of infection.

Calculous prostatitis

The inflammatory process develops due to the presence of stones. A very rare form, it occurs almost always in elderly patients. Appears after untreated chronic inflammation. Stones can be of endogenous origin and exogenous.

The first appear due to stagnation in the body. They are small and may not show up. They are rarely detected, since there are no painful sensations.

The latter are similar in composition to those found in the bladder and kidneys. Formed due to chronic inflammation of the gland or adenoma. Usually they give a pronounced pain syndrome. Localization of sensations - sacrum, lower back, small pelvis. After sex, in motion, walking, the pain intensifies. The ejaculate may contain a few drops of blood. Other symptoms of the disease are also expressed - irritability, worsening of erection, problems with emptying the bladder.

congestive prostatitis

Refers to the chronic form. Its appearance is provoked by stagnation of the secretion of an organ or blood in the small pelvis. Development goes unnoticed. Symptoms are mild:

• urination disorders;
• general intoxication;
• discomfort, pain in the perineum, groin, scrotum;
• decreased quality of sperm, orgasm;

There are no specific changes in the excreted fluids. There are infectious and non-infectious. Such manifestations as weakness, depressive states are possible.

Severe form of the acute course of the infectious process. Diagnosis is based on the main symptom - the appearance of pus from the canal. Runs at high temperatures. Its varieties:

• • catarrhal;
  • follicular;

• parenchymal;
• abscessing.

Occurs against the background of influenza, tonsillitis, SARS, weakened immunity. These types differ in the severity of the flow. A different amount of pus is released.

Differential Diagnosis

All types and forms of prostatitis require a medical examination, laboratory diagnostics. The clinic depends on the characteristics of the course. Be sure to do analyzes of excreted fluids for the presence of PSA antigen (a specific protein in the disease). An ultrasound of the pelvic organs is performed.

Test for pathogens, sexually transmitted, allows you to differentiate the bacterial or infectious process. Congestive is diagnosed according to the results of a study of the veins of the small pelvis. Calculous is determined by assessing the general condition of the patient, palpation data of the organ, urine and blood tests.

Features of treatment depending on the type and stage of the disease

Acute prostatitis is treated in a hospital. Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, substances that reduce swelling and improve urine outflow, immunomodulators, therapeutic microclysters, and physiotherapy are prescribed. It is recommended to use medicinal suppositories. In chronic processes, prostate massage is added. With a calculous disease, massages are prohibited, surgical treatment is possible.

Consequences and prevention

Any types and forms of prostatitis require urgent diagnosis and proper treatment. It is difficult to cure a chronic process, so it is important not to start an acute one. Under the influence of inflammation, iron changes irreversibly. This leads to infertility, impotence, abscess, formation of stones and tumors in the organ.

Prevention implies the right lifestyle, sports, regular sex, the exclusion of promiscuity.

You may also be interested

Inflammatory disease of the prostate gland: characteristics and features of treatment

In the broad sense of the concept, prostatitis (from the Latin prostata and the ending -itis) denotes the fact of an inflammatory process in the tissues of the prostate gland. However, the term itself cannot describe the disease, since there is a huge variety of forms of the disease that differ in the causes they cause - in etiology, in symptoms or clinical manifestations, as well as in the outcome or consequences of prostatitis.

It is important to note that previously there was a significant variety of descriptions and classifications, to the point that each country had its own and could be radically different from other options. At the moment, generally recognized in the vast majority of countries, is an approach formed on the basis of recommendations from the expert industry community within the framework of WHO - the World Health Organization. It includes almost all the points that affect the types of prostatitis.

Classification of prostatitis based on WHO principles (WHO)

1. Acute prostatitis marked with an etiological factor - most often bacterial, culminating in complete recovery;
2. ending with recovery with minimal, clinically unexpressed dysfunctions;
3. Chronic form of prostatitis, after suffering acute;
4. Primarily chronic process - with some types of pathogens;
5. Clinical syndrome of chronic pelvic pain with minimal or severe signs of inflammation;
6. Clinical syndrome of chronic pelvic pain - without clinical or laboratory signs of inflammation;
7. Asymptomatic carriage and isolation of bacteria, with the proven absence of other diseases of the genitourinary system;
8. Granulomatous form with subsequent fibrosis;
9. The combination of inflammatory and non-inflammatory processes in the prostate gland is most often prostatitis and adenoma.

The most common causes of prostatitis

If it is precisely the causes of prostatitis that are voiced, then in this case, predisposing factors are distinguished on the one hand, and on the other, the direct causes.

The actual factors may vary. They themselves do not cause disease, but as a result of their influence, conditions are created under which the disease occurs. These factors are:

• Age changes- in this case, we mean both a general decrease in the effectiveness of the body's immune system, and local changes in the gland, which consists in a gradual decrease in the intensity of blood supply after a period of functional activity.
• hereditary vulnerability- indicates a greater predisposition to the occurrence of various types of prostatitis in hereditary and congenital diseases, in the clinic of which there are physiological or anatomical anomalies of the genitourinary system.
• The usual rhythm of intimate life- from a certain moment, a man enters an acceptable rhythm of sexual activity for him. In this case, there is a mutual regulation. The reproductive system, through complex hormonal influences, determines the frequency of contacts, and those, in turn, strengthen this influence. If, for some reason, prolonged abstinence follows, or an increase in the intensity of contacts stimulated by medications, then after a certain time either stagnation of the secret occurs, or functional exhaustion of the gland. Both conditions weaken local defense mechanisms.
• Local hypothermia- in this case, a decrease in the temperature of the perineal organs leads to a decrease in the intensity of metabolic processes and blood supply in response to cold. The result of this is the formation of a “place of least resistance”, which is an ideal condition for the further development of infection.
• Low level of physical activity, sedentary work- constant physical inactivity sharply reduces the quality of blood flow to the genital organs, which leads to a gradual functional extinction of the prostate and a decrease in local immunity, followed by the development of infection.
• Infection of the genitourinary system- both STIs - sexually transmitted infections, and infectious lesions of the kidneys or bladder. The causes of prostatitis in this case can serve as a direct ascending or descending infection.
• Frequent contacts with different partners- this is the risk of STIs, as well as non-specific flora, which behaves as natural in one person, and can cause a rapid infectious process in another.
• Unfavorable external conditions- this is living and professional activities, including stress. These factors significantly reduce the level of stability of the whole organism, and also negatively affect the reproductive system, significantly reducing activity.
• Side effects of drugs- this applies to both medically conditioned intake - the side effects of many drugs directly negatively affect the organs of the genitourinary system, and the intake of substances as part of chemical addictions (due to promiscuous sexual activity, direct infection and toxic effects of compounds).

The more and more intensively adverse factors act on the body, the easier the formation of the disease occurs. The immediate causes of prostatitis, if considered, are as follows:

• Nonspecific microorganisms (usually bacteria) that are part of the normal human microflora;
• Pathogenic microorganisms that do not cause STIs;
• causative agents of STDs;
• Viruses;
• Microscopic fungi;
• Autoimmune inflammatory reactions.

The main types of prostatitis based on classification criteria

Acute bacterial prostatitis. It is bacteria that act as the causative agent, which can be natural for the human microflora, or initially pathogenic. In any case, most often the inflammatory process begins acutely, with the appearance of general symptoms in the form of fever, chills and manifestations from the genitourinary organs - impaired urination, severe pain, often discharge and disturbances from the intimate sphere.
Early and accurate diagnosis, as well as a competent approach to the treatment of the disease, completeness of treatment and adherence to strict recommendations after recovery - this is the key to a complete cure and creating conditions for reducing the likelihood of the disease in the future. The consequence of prostatitis of this form is a complete recovery, most often without consequences.

Acute prostatitis due to STIs. In this case, the symptoms of a sexual infection initially come to the fore - syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and others. After a lull in the course of treatment, against the background of relative well-being, a clinic of damage to the prostate gland develops. Although often these manifestations are minimal, and the patient simply may not pay due attention to them. Since these pathogens have a greater affinity for the tissues of the genitourinary system, most often the process becomes chronic with periodic exacerbations, which usually occur against the background of adverse factors - hypothermia, stress, alcohol consumption, and other diseases. The degree of damage to prostate tissues is deeper, moreover, patients do not always complete the treatment, focusing on imaginary well-being. In this case, the consequences of prostatitis are more serious with a gradual increase in anatomical changes and a sharp functional decrease in the activity of the gland.

Prostatitis caused by viruses and microscopic fungi. Normally, in the body of a healthy person, the cells of the immune system quite successfully fight these pathogens. The optimal conditions for the onset of the disease is the weakening of general or local immunity. Most often these are immunodeficiencies. The disease for a long time flows generally asymptomatically or with minimal clinical manifestations. Symptoms of prostatitis caused by fungi or viruses are hardly noticeable, often pain as such may be absent altogether. However, gradual chronic inflammation and damage to the tissues of the gland leads to permanent changes in the structure of the organ, physiological disorders and functional decline. As a rule, the consequences of such prostatitis with a long course and lack of treatment are reduced to irreversible changes and functional inactivity.

Autoimmune mechanisms can occur due to systemic disorders of the immune system, when for various reasons the body attacks its own tissues. Initially, the genital organs are delimited from the systemic blood flow by a hematotissue barrier, but with micro- or macrotraumatization, with unsuccessful surgical interventions, conditions are created when the cells of the immune system actively attack the tissue of the gonads and the prostate, among them. The process itself almost always proceeds imperceptibly, with minimal manifestations, in which general organism manifestations predominate. In this case, gross changes are formed in the tissues of the prostate. Moreover, since it is not possible to protect it from cells of the immune system, the depth of these changes will constantly increase. Most often, inflammation is predominant, followed by irreversible sclerosis, which disrupts nutrition and further exacerbates the changes. Among all the options, the consequences of this prostatitis are the most unfavorable.

Occurring other, rarer forms of the disease are not recognized by all authors, and for this reason the expert community did not include them in the classification.

Predictions of different types of prostatitis

Initially, there are variants of the disease of various types of course. Some of them are more favorable in themselves, others less so. At the same time, there is an opportunity to reduce the chance of developing the disease, and with already existing inflammation, it is possible to speed up the treatment, making it more complete.

Prevention is the prevention of the initial development of the disease. This is the creation of conditions and the avoidance of predisposing factors. Normalization of the daily routine and physical activity, healthy nutrition, good rest and regular sex life with a permanent partner, in the absence of bad habits and avoiding hypothermia - these measures are largely enough to prevent the development of the disease.

If you suspect you have prostatitis or complaints from the genitourinary system, you should never ignore the features of your condition. It is very dangerous to engage in self-diagnosis and even more so self-treatment. It is very important to get an appointment with a specialist as soon as possible. The diagnosis always requires laboratory, instrumental or microbiological confirmation - just an examination is not enough. The treatment prescribed by the doctor should always be carried out in full, and not stop when the pain disappears. It is imperative to undergo periodic examinations - according to the recommendations of a specialist.

Secondary prevention is the prevention of the recurrence of the disease. In addition to general guidelines, an important point is the use of a relatively new group - organotropic drugs. They are presented quite widely and are used in many countries of the world. In our country, the most justified, in view of the proven effectiveness, is the use of Prostatilen, which can be used in the form of suppositories or in other dosage forms. Recent studies have clearly shown the effectiveness of Prostatilen when included in the standard treatment protocol. A faster and more complete recovery is achieved, after which it is possible to switch to prophylactic administration of the drug without exacerbations, according to the multiplicity prescribed by specialists.

- inflammation of the prostate gland.

Signs of the disease

Since the prostate is a functional element of only the male reproductive system, it means that the problem concerns only men.

Despite the fact that the disease under discussion is localized in a specific organ, its consequences can extend to the entire pelvic region.

Note that the forms and types of prostatitis are different concepts. When we talk about the type, we mean the cause of the disease and rarely its manifestations.

The form of the disease is determined precisely by its manifestations, and much less often by the causes. This is, to be correct.

In modern medicine, there are no clear boundaries between forms and types, so you can meet the same name, called both the form and the type of prostatitis.

We will try to group all known types of prostatitis according to three criteria:

• The nature of the disease;
• Forms of the disease;
• Features of the pathological process.

So, according to the nature of the disease, there are:

1. Infectious prostatitis, which in turn is divided into subgroups, depending on the pathogen and the way it enters the prostate;
2. Non-infectious.

The latter also has an internal classification and is divided, depending on the processes occurring in the prostate and the body, into:

1. stagnant;
2. calculous;
3. Age.

Let's take a closer look at each prostatitis.

The nature of the disease

Infectious.

Prostatitis caused by microorganisms, viruses or microscopic fungi entering the prostate gland is called infectious.

This means that somehow the infection got inside the prostate gland. Perhaps through the genitourinary system, or through the bloodstream.

The infectious process is classified according to two criteria:

• Based on what the infectious agent is;
• Depending on the route of entry of the agent into the prostate gland.

Classification, depending on the pathogen.

This group should include prostatitis provoked by the following microscopic organisms:

• Viral prostatitis;
• Mycoplasma;
• gonorrheal;
• Trichomonas;
• Fungal;
• tuberculous;
• Mixed and many others.

As you understand, the listed species are determined by the causative agent of prostatitis and the predominant number of them are the culprits of STDs.

We can safely say that every microorganism that causes sexually transmitted diseases can cause prostatitis.

The defining feature of all these groups is that in addition to the symptoms of acute or chronic prostatitis, the patient experiences concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system or the whole body.

It can be gonorrhea, tuberculosis and other systemic diseases.

With a mixed type, prostatitis is caused by several microorganisms.

Also, frequent culprits of prostatitis can be Escherichia coli and streptococcus viridans.

How they get into the prostate is an ambiguous question, so let's analyze the following classification of infectious inflammation of the prostate.

Classification, depending on the route of entry of the pathogen.

The classification was created on the basis of where the infection came from in the prostate gland.

• Ascending prostatitis;
• descending;
• descending;
• hematogenous;
• Lymphogenic;
• Mechanical;
• Canalicular.

The infection can come from the lower urinary tract, then we will talk about an ascending infection.

When the microbe comes from the kidneys or bladder, doctors talk about descending prostatitis.

Infection can occur through the blood or lymph - respectively, the types of prostatitis will be:

• hematogenous;
• lymphogenous.

In this case, we are talking about septic phenomena. Despite the fact that the blood-testicular barrier is quite strong, many STD pathogens easily penetrate through them.

If the infection came from the testicles, this is the canalicular type.

And, finally, if there was an injury, and the microorganism got from the environment or skin, then mechanical prostatitis occurs.

Non-infectious.

Prostatitis, provoked by lifestyle, pathology of the urinary system or age-related changes in the body of a man, is called non-infectious.

Its main symptoms will be difficulty urinating and pain in the pelvic region.

It should be remembered that congestive prostatitis is a vivid example of a non-infectious process, when microorganisms have nothing to do with the disease.

Within the group, there are three types of disease:

• stagnant;
• Age prostatitis.

In the first type, stones form in the prostate gland (its ducts) - the result of urine reflux.

The second type - congestive, is, on the one hand, the cause of calculous prostatitis, and on the other hand, an independent subspecies of a non-infectious process. It may be so, and so.

The age type appears when a man reaches 40-45 years. It may not show up at all.

Let's take a closer look at all three types.

Bacterial

You can get complete information about bacterial prostatitis.

calculous

The stones are located in the ducts of the prostate gland. The main symptom of this type is acute pain during ejaculation or a small amount of sperm.

The cause of stone formation can be both stagnant processes and pathological reflux of urine into the prostate ducts.

READ ON THE TOPIC:, symptoms, methods of treatment.

stagnant

With a sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work and low sexual activity, stagnation of the prostate secretion in its ducts occurs.

As a result, inflammatory processes begin, the prostate swells, and the man feels all the symptoms of prostatitis.

All the details of congestive prostatitis.

congestive

All information about congestive prostatitis.

Age

After 35-40 years, every man more and more often turns to a urologist.

Going to the doctor becomes a regular activity. This is due to the fact that under the influence of changing concentrations of sex hormones, the prostate begins to hypertrophy.