Tooth restoration in the presence of a root: methods, technology, reviews. Effective methods of tooth restoration Broken teeth can be restored

08.07.2020 -

Teeth are destroyed for various reasons. Even earlier, doctors believed that the damaged unit should be removed, not treated. Now restoration of the dentition is allowed even in hopeless cases. For this, prosthetics are used. Although this procedure is unpleasant, it allows you to restore the functions of the tooth without losing a healthy root. There are several possible procedures. You can read about the restoration of a tooth in the presence of a root in the article.

Why do teeth break?

Every day, molars and incisors are subjected to heavy stress. And this happens when eating food of any hardness. In addition to the natural load, they are affected by physical impact. Jaw injuries are dangerous for teeth. Even if there are no symptoms after that, this does not mean that they will not occur later.

A common cause of tooth decay is weakness after pulp removal. Usually they are called nerves. It is presented in the form of an interweaving of blood vessels and nerve endings. Due to its removal, the "death" of the tooth occurs. It remains without recharge, with time it dries out, becomes brittle. Therefore, gradually a dead tooth breaks from a constant load and usually under the root.

concept

Tooth extension is a complex of methods that restore the dentition. This is not the only method. With dental crowns, a dentist is able to restore a damaged tooth in whole or in part.

According to doctors, teeth are not always restored with fillings. The cause may be the global destruction of the diseased tooth. For these cases, there are other extension methods, for example, with a pin.

Restoration of a tooth in the presence of a root occurs as follows: a special rod is fixed into the bone tissue, on which a composite material is applied. Under the influence of ultraviolet light, the material quickly becomes hard. But there are other methods of tooth restoration in the presence of a root, which do not involve the installation of a metal rod.

When is the method used?

There are indications and contraindications for performing tooth restoration from the root. The dentist advises to build up when:

small tooth loss from caries;
abrasion and thinning of enamel;
wrong bite;
trauma to the tooth, due to which its integrity is violated;
the appearance of interdental gaps;
discoloration that cannot be corrected by cleaning or bleaching;
enamel crack, mechanical damage;
chipped tooth.

The best development in dentistry was the extension of teeth. With the help of the procedure, it is possible to eliminate various aesthetic problems that are usually associated with damage to the front teeth in the smile area. According to patients, recovery procedures are usually easy.

Conditions

Since the restoration of a tooth in the presence of a root is a way to preserve it, several recommendations are required to obtain the best result:

It is necessary to give up bad habits for teeth. With bruxism, restored teeth will not last long. This also applies to the use of teeth "for other purposes." For example, they are quickly damaged when opening a bottle of beer, biting threads, cracking nuts.
Caries. It must be removed prior to extension. Otherwise, under the established materials, this process continues, and the remains of the teeth will have to be removed.
Oral hygiene. Compliance with this rule prolongs the life of the tooth. It is necessary not only to carry out cleansing procedures, but also to do it correctly.
No health problems. Usually, doctors do not advise restoring a tooth from the root in the presence of pathologies of the nervous system or blood.
Tooth mobility. For high-quality fastening of restoring materials, mobility must be excluded, otherwise the structure will be removed, and restoration will be an unnecessary waste of time and money.
Reliable fixation of the device requires a sufficient length of the tooth root. If it is small, the strength of the restored tooth decreases. Usually the optimal length corresponds to the length of the coronal part, and the thickness of the root walls should be above 1 mm.
You need the right bite. Otherwise, this can lead to a strong load on the built-up tooth, which can be damaged. If the bite is wrong, the procedure will be meaningless.
material part. The patient must have the necessary amount of funds for the restoration.

According to reviews, the restoration of a tooth at the root in many people is successful. You just need to follow the recommendations of a specialist. For a tooth of which there is little left, a reliable fastening is necessary, which restores working capacity. Only after strengthening, the restored unit acquires its former appearance. There are several ways to restore a tooth if only the root remains. The main ones are the following.

Filling materials

Among the options for restoring a tooth with a healthy root, this method is popular. Filling materials allow you to achieve maximum results after high-quality prosthetics. The material has a good appearance, which is perfectly combined with the patient's dental tissues. The use of such compounds does not damage the oral mucosa and tooth enamel. This is an excellent method of restoring the dentition.

Gradually, the materials do not fade, so the artificial teeth do not stand out much from the real ones. They contain fluorine, so there is the possibility of recovery after damage. With filling materials, experienced specialists are able to ensure the natural color of the teeth.

The advantages of this method include:

Masking imperfections, including cloudy fillings, stains.
Correction of the shape and size of the restored tooth.
Natural appearance of the tooth.
Preservation of the nerve, so the tooth remains alive.

Veneers and Lumineers

In the photo, tooth restoration in the presence of a root looks neat. Often, veneers and lumineers are used for this procedure - special linings. By installing veneers, it will be possible to hide minor imperfections of the teeth, which include the appearance of interdental gaps, chips, and darkening of the enamel.

A veneer is a thin plate of ceramic, which has high strength. Outwardly, it is similar to enamel. The extension procedure in this way involves fixing the plate on the tooth, which provides an excellent effect.

Usually, at least 3 visits to the dentist are needed to complete the restoration. At the first procedure, consulting assistance is provided, a demonstration of the types of plates. If necessary, an x-ray of the dentition is taken.

During the 2nd appointment, an anesthetic injection is performed, grinding a small layer of enamel on the damaged tooth. Then they make an impression of the teeth. At this time, the doctor suggests installing temporary veneers, as permanent ones are made for a long time.

At the last visit, the plates are tried on and the veneers are fixed with a cement base. Between 2 and 3 doses, about 14 days pass. During this time, individual veneers are created.

There are almost no drawbacks to this method, excluding the need to grind tooth enamel. Therefore, if possible, it is better to install Lumineers. They are almost indistinguishable from veneers, except for the thickness of the plate - Lumineers are thinner. Thanks to this, the integrity of the tooth is preserved, in addition, lumineers are painlessly removed if desired. The only downside is the cost. The price of lumineers is higher than that of veneers, so not everyone can carry out such a procedure.

Pins

This is a popular method of restoring a tooth if only the root is left. A pin is a special rod made of a durable material that is biologically compatible with human tissues. Various materials are used for the pin - from titanium to fiberglass. The main task is to fix the tooth and its elevation above the gum surface.

In complex tooth injuries, pins are often used. They return the look and feel of the unit. According to patient reviews, the restoration of a tooth from the root by this method is performed without complications.

Metal pins are used for the side units, and fiberglass pins for the front ones, which cannot be seen through.

How is the procedure performed?

The procedure includes the following steps:

Before installing the pin, the tooth is depulped and prepared for installation. For this, special equipment is used.
If required, expand the root canal to the required size. For this, mechanical or manual tools or chemicals are used.
The root is filled with a plastic material that quickly hardens. The quality of the work performed determines the final result, so you need to trust a good specialist.
Then a pin is placed in the sealed root canal. It can be made from various materials, it all depends on the tooth.
At the end, a filling or an artificial dental crown is placed on the pin. UV rays are used to rapidly cure the applied fixing material.

This completes the procedure. According to patients, it usually passes without complications. But there are also difficult cases of restoration of the roots of destroyed teeth.

Should the procedure be followed?

Although there are many advantages of tooth restoration methods, augmented organs still lead to some problems:

The roots are loosened. This usually refers to pins. These designs do not fit snugly enough to the tissues of the tooth, therefore, with a strong load, such a problem appears.
Cracks and root fractures occur. The load on it will be uneven even with the installation of the stump tab, which can lead to tooth destruction. This is due to the depulpation procedure. A tooth without a nerve becomes brittle and is subject to destruction, and this cannot be done, otherwise there will be inflammation.
There is a risk of secondary caries. If the coronal part was destroyed by him, then the infection appears in the remaining lower part, especially if the filling of the canals was performed poorly.
The bone tissue around the restored tooth is damaged. The pin or tab acts as a wedge that expands the space of the root canals. This can damage the jawbone.
The tissues near the pin or tab become inflamed. Pain and swelling appear in the gums and bones. Sometimes the body rejects them. A pin or a stump tab is considered a provoking factor for the appearance of periodontitis with the appearance of a cyst.
Composite build-ups can be unreliable, although they are used to restore anterior teeth. They are capable of chipping, collapsing.
Metal pins and core inlays can show through the composite layers or the crown, making the tooth appear unnatural.

Price

Tooth restoration costs at least 5,000 rubles. The price includes the use of painkillers (200-300 rubles), consumables that isolate the tooth from saliva penetration (about 400 rubles). It is important to take into account the sterilization of the set of instruments used - the cost is not large, about 100 rubles, but still people do not take this into account.

The main amount is spent on filling materials, which are used to build up the tooth. Usually it is 3000 rubles. Also, the use of technology with the use of a pin involves the purchase of an imported product. The cost may vary depending on the clinic.

To save money, you need to use a Russian fiberglass pin, the price of which is 60-100 rubles. Usually they perform their function more difficult, fixing the tooth in the root canal.

Conclusion

Whichever extension method is chosen, follow-up care remains important. This affects the life of the new tooth. Therefore, care must be meticulous.

Extensive carious cavities, inflammation of the gums or mechanical trauma can severely destroy the tooth, from which only the root can remain. But this does not mean at all that the remains of the tooth must be removed. Modern dentistry has a lot of tools to restore the function and aesthetics of a damaged tooth. However, any procedure for restoring teeth requires certain rules to be followed.

What is meant by tooth augmentation?

If only the root remains of the destroyed tooth, an extension method is used, which involves the layer-by-layer application of a composite material of different transparency from the base of the damaged dental unit, followed by grinding and polishing (for more details, see the article: how is the tooth root removed if the tooth itself is already gone?). This method of restoration allows you to give the crown a shape and maximum naturalness of the tooth.

Along with this, a heliocomposite is used for the artistic restoration of a destroyed tooth. This method is used when the tooth has broken off at the very root (see also: how many roots do the teeth have?). In this case, a pin is installed in the canal, around which a special material is applied and the necessary shape of the lost part of the tooth is formed.

Conditions necessary to restore a decayed tooth from the root

Mostly teeth with a removed nerve are destroyed (see also: how and where to remove a nerve in a tooth?). Without the necessary nutrition, the enamel walls become thinner and break off at the slightest mechanical impact. It is impossible to restore a tooth in such a situation by filling, therefore, extension and prosthetics are used. The choice depends on the degree of tooth decay.

If a tooth has fallen apart, you need to contact your dentist as soon as possible, as a delay can make it impossible to restore it.

If the patient does not have the material resources to build up the tooth, the doctor will temporarily place a filling to prevent further destruction and thus give a kind of delay until the moment of restoration.

You can restore a damaged tooth in the presence of a root in the following cases:

In addition, in order to restore a broken or worn-out tooth, you need to have wide financial resources (for more details, see the article: how can a broken tooth be restored?). Building and prosthetics are expensive procedures.

How are broken teeth repaired?

Destroyed teeth with a preserved root are restored using pin elements or a stump tab. The choice of method depends on the degree of destruction of the dental unit, the individual characteristics of the body and the financial capabilities of the patient. In any case, only the doctor decides which method should be used. The listed technologies have similar restoration principles, but can differ significantly in cost, which depends on the materials used and the required preliminary procedures.

With pins

A pin is an orthodontic structure in the form of a rod, which is made of a material that is hypoallergenic and biocompatible with the human body (fiberglass, ceramics, titanium or other metal alloys). The most reliable is considered to be a pin element made of carbon fiber material, which includes microscopic glass particles.

Pins are used to restore a tooth after extraction or damage. They are designed to strengthen the destroyed unit, increasing its height above the gum level, and perform a supporting function for fixing further structures and materials. Pin elements are used to restore teeth only in cases where there is at least one wall. With the complete destruction of the crown part, this type of prosthetics is contraindicated.

There are 2 types of pin elements:

Active. They are screwed into the root thanks to the thread. Installation does not require prior expansion of the root canals. This type of pins is used in cases where the tooth is completely destroyed.
Passive. They are fixed with a special cementing agent and are used for minor violations of the integrity of the tooth.

It is possible to restore a broken dental unit with a pin in one, maximum two, appointments with a doctor. Before installing the pin element, an x-ray is performed to determine the degree of tooth decay and exclude the presence of granulomas and cysts at the top of the tooth root. The pin structure is installed as follows:

If necessary, carious lesions are eliminated, inflammatory processes are treated, plaque and tartar are removed.
The oral cavity is cleaned of affected tissues, after which it is treated with antiseptic agents.
The pin shaft is screwed into the root. In this case, the part of the structure, which is located in the root cavity, must exceed the height of the pin element above the gum surface.
Restoration of the supragingival region. The tooth is restored using composite materials.
Grinding. Excess filling material is removed, rough areas are polished.

This type of build-up of a destroyed tooth (due to mechanical trauma or removal) has a significant drawback - a short service life of the structure, in most cases not exceeding 4-5 years. In addition, there is a high probability of root destruction and the development of caries due to insufficient tightness. It is impossible to remove the pin without damaging the root due to the very strong fixation. The photo shows a tooth restored with a pin.

Using a stump tab

If the tooth has broken off to the base, it can be restored using a stump tab, which is a design of 1 or 2 elements. It is made of plastic, ceramics, zirconium dioxide or alloys of various metals.

The best types of structures are zirconium and ceramic inlays. They have durability, high aesthetic properties and do not destroy tissues. However, ceramics are not used for molars because this material is not able to withstand heavy chewing loads. One-piece structures are used to restore single-root units, collapsible - multi-root.

Stump inlays are made according to individual parameters, in accordance with the shape of the damaged tooth. Their dimensions should be smaller than the dimensions of the restored dental unit, since a composite material is applied on top in layers or a crown is put on.

This method, in contrast to the first, is more labor intensive, but at the same time provides high strength of the installed structure. In addition, stump tabs have a long service life - about 10 years.

The restoration of a broken tooth with the subsequent installation of a crown takes an average of 3-4 weeks. The procedure includes the following steps:

Before placing a stump tab, the condition of the root canals is checked. If the orthopedic dentist has comments, the patient is referred for treatment to the endodontist.

Price

The cost of tooth restoration depends on the method of restoration, the material of the orthodontic structure, the presence of dental diseases and treatment, the pricing policy of the clinic and the region in which the service is provided. Installing a metal pin costs an average of 1.5 thousand rubles, and a fiberglass 2 thousand rubles. The cost of manufacturing a stump insert from cobalt-chromium is about 4.5 thousand rubles, from ceramics - 10 thousand rubles, from zirconium dioxide - 8 thousand rubles. The use of a metal-ceramic crown will cost 9 thousand rubles, and an all-ceramic crown will cost 14 thousand rubles.

Extensive caries, inflammation of the gums and mechanical trauma lead to damage to the crown part of the tooth. Without external protection, the root system collapses in a couple of weeks and leads to removal. But with timely treatment, it is possible to completely restore the incisors or molars, even if only the root remains of the tooth.

When is tooth extension performed?

Most often, depulped teeth break. Deprived of nutrition, the walls become brittle and chip off even with a slight load. In such cases, they resort to building up and prosthetics of the teeth, since it is impossible to restore them with ordinary fillings.

Important! The sooner you go to the dentist with a broken tooth, the more likely it is to restore it. Even if there is temporarily no money for restoration, the dentist, upon request, will close the cavity with a filling. This will save the remaining tooth from further decay and give a slight respite to the main treatment.

To restore a tooth from the root, certain conditions:

Correct bite. When the dentition is curved, the load is not distributed evenly, which leads to the rapid destruction of the restored unit.
The length of the root should remain no less than the height of the supragingival part, and the thickness of its walls should be from 1 mm.
Absence of diseases of the teeth and gums: granulomas, cysts, fistulas, caries, periodontitis, periodontal disease, periodontitis, pathological mobility and abrasion of the dentition.
Satisfactory general condition of the body. Recovery is not carried out with tuberculosis, AIDS, cancer, mental disorders.
Relative contraindications are bruxism (involuntary grinding), poor hygiene and bad habits: opening bottles with teeth, cracking nuts, biting off threads, nails.

Extension on a pin

One of the ways to restore a damaged tooth is to strengthen the root with pins. They are made of fiberglass, metal and ceramics. The best are considered carbon fiber, consisting of the smallest glass particles. They are flexible, durable and can withstand heavy loads.

The pins are divided according to the installation method. Active ones are threaded and screwed directly into the root, without preliminary expansion of the channels. They are used for severe damage. Passive ones are mounted on cement and are used for minor damage.

Tooth extension on a pin.

The installation of the pin takes place in one or two visits. It is carried out in several stages:

Sanitation: caries and inflammation of the gums are cured.
Preparation: the cavity is cleaned of damaged tissues and treated with an antiseptic.
Pin installation: the rod is screwed into the root. In this case, the lower part should remain larger than the outer.
Restoration of the supragingival part: the dentist restores the tooth with composite materials.
Grinding: excess parts of the filling are removed, rough areas are polished.

Important! Restoring a tooth with a pin is recommended if there is at least one wall. With complete destruction of the crown part, prosthetics are recommended.

Before restoration with a pin, x-rays are taken to determine the degree of destruction and to exclude possible granulomas and cysts at the root apex. This type of restoration allows you to save the tooth only for 3-5 years. In addition, there is a risk of root splitting and the development of caries with insufficient tight fixation. Also, the rod is difficult to remove without damaging the root system.

Restoration of the stump tab

Restoration of the tooth with a stump tab is carried out in case of serious damage, when only one root remains. This method is more complex, but more reliable. It allows you to make a prosthesis taking into account the individual structure of the patient's teeth, and the restored molar or incisor retains its functions for at least 10 years.

Stump tabs are single (cast) or collapsible. The first are installed on the canines and incisors, and the double ones are installed on the chewing teeth (premolars and molars). Inserts are made of metal alloys, ceramics and zirconium dioxide. The size of the tab is made smaller than the finished tooth. It serves only as a support and, in fact, replaces the dentin. The dentist must leave room for the crown.

Important! Crowns are made of plastic, metal, metal ceramics and ceramics. The last two materials are considered the best: they do not destroy fabrics, are highly aesthetic and durable. However, ceramics cannot be placed on molars: the product is not able to withstand a large load.

Restoration with a stump tab.

Restoration of the stump tab with the subsequent installation of the crown takes an average of 3 weeks. Restoration is carried out in several stages:

Preparation of the tooth cavity: removal of damaged residues and expansion of the root canals under the tab.
Removal of impressions of the future insert. Casts of the upper and lower jaws are taken to make the most accurate prosthesis. The model is transferred to the dental laboratory, and the cavity is closed with a temporary filling.
Mounting the finished tab on the cement.
A layout for the crown is being made. Metal plates are filled with elastic material and fixed in the oral cavity. According to the finished impression, the dental technician makes a crown within 7-14 days. Temporary plastic crowns are placed on the stump tab.
Fitting of the finished prosthesis and color selection for metal and all-ceramic crowns.
Coating the prosthesis.
Installation of a crown on permanent cement.

Important! Before prosthetics, it is necessary to assess the condition of the canals. If they were poorly depulped or destroyed over time, the patient is sent to the endodontist for retreatment.

The cost of restoration depends on the chosen method and the need for preliminary procedures. The treatment of caries, cysts, granulomas or the elimination of the consequences of poor-quality depulpation increase the price of restoration by two to three times. The cost of restoring teeth in various ways:

Is it possible to grow a tooth from scratch

Find out if it is possible to build up a tooth without a pin if there is one root left or in an empty place. Here you can read the advice of experts, and learn all the subtleties.

Answer:

Almost everyone has problems with their teeth, they can also be different: caries, holes, suppuration, worn gums, or even the absence of a tooth. It is the latter that is the most difficult case, dentists resort to it only in extreme cases, since the body cannot restore the tooth on its own. In addition, it was not possible to restore the tooth until recently. In the past, doctors used stainless metal crowns to mimic the presence of a tooth and enable a person to chew.

Now actively developed and improved methods of building up the tooth. Already existing methods can restore it only with the use of a special attachment that will support it and direct growth in the right direction. But, is it possible to build up a tooth from scratch? This technology has already been invented, but has not yet gone through a full course of research. At the moment, the experiment was carried out only on mice, and it was found that after 36 days they strengthened quite well, and after 49 they reached normal size. According to dentists, the importance of managing the growth of new cells is becoming the next step in the development of dentistry in this area.

Tooth extension without a pin

The appearance of a person is his calling card, which gives him the opportunity to be successful, grow up the career ladder and hold a high position. It is especially important to have a beautiful smile, which in some cases is extremely difficult to achieve. This problem affects those people who, for some reason, have lost a tooth. As you know, it does not recover and cannot grow back, so a decision is made to increase it.

Such a procedure gives rise to a huge number of questions, such as, for example, is it possible to build up a tooth without a pin? To answer it, you need to know what the essence of building is.

The first stage is a preparatory process when the doctor cleans the tooth from existing contaminants, plaque, stones, and so on. After anesthesia is introduced, which should not be done to pregnant women and people with allergies to certain drugs.

The next step is to remove the tissues of the tooth, whose surface is affected by caries. It is carried out with the help of boron. In cases where there is a filling at the place of extension, it is also drilled out. Subsequently, the tooth is isolated and a pin is inserted. It may not be used if the tooth has been destroyed by less than half and has not been depulped. Otherwise, it will not withstand the load and fall out. The final step is to build up and cover the finished tooth with filling materials.

Tooth extension to the root

The development of medicine gave people the opportunity not only to treat diseases, but also to restore some parts of the body, including teeth. Now almost every dental clinic offers its clients an extension service that can recreate a new one in place of the remaining tooth or make an imitation of the old one. It has many advantages over crowns as it has a natural color and gives the appearance of a real tooth. Accordingly, such a procedure is quite a difficult process, before starting which the dentist must examine the tooth and adjacent headlights, thereby deciding on the method of extension.

An important point in such a study is checking the presence of a root. Therefore, the question arises, is it possible to build up a tooth if only the root and one wall remain, or are there none at all? Yes, such a process is quite possible, the most important thing is the presence of a root. It is necessary in order to insert a pin there, which serves as a support for the created tooth. It is on it that all the mass that will be held by such a device will be concentrated. If you do not install it, then the stackable structure may fall out in the near future, and the whole procedure will have to be carried out again. Thus, the presence of a root makes it possible to restore the tooth.

Restoration of a damaged tooth with the remaining root

With significant carious damage, destruction of teeth for other reasons, it is not at all necessary to get rid of them and install a prosthetic structure. Modern dentistry has methods for restoring them from function to appearance, even if only one root remains from the organ.

Conditions required for growth

It should be understood that building up or restoring teeth implies the preservation of the rest of it.

This means that in order to carry out manipulations with the expectation of the desired result, certain conditions must be met:

The patient must have a correct bite. An anomaly in this area will lead to the fact that an increased load will fall on the enlarged organ. Because of this, the risk of rapid damage to the restored tooth is too great, which makes the procedure pointless;
The length of the root must be sufficient to install devices that serve as extensions. Otherwise, the restored tooth will not be strong enough. Usually this is a size equal to the size of the coronal part. The wall thickness of the root must also be at least 1 mm;
The general condition of the body must be acceptable. Tooth extensions are usually contraindicated in diseases of the blood and nervous system;
Absence of pathological tooth mobility. If the root is about to pop out, the fastening of restorative materials in it will not be reliable, that is, restoration is impractical;
Adequate oral hygiene. This will ensure a long service life of the extended tooth. Misunderstanding of the importance and poor adherence to cleansing procedures does not contribute to this;
Absence of periodontitis. Roots and their surroundings must be healthy. The presence of inflammation of adjacent tissues makes recovery risky. The remaining parts of the tooth with this disease are also infected. This will make a possible restoration painful and pointless. Even worse, if the root of the tooth has a cyst. With a breakthrough, the purulent contents enter the adjacent tissues. Treatment will require removal of restorative materials, cleansing or drainage;
Treatment of caries. Before installing restoration devices and materials, it is necessary to get rid of it, otherwise the destructive process will continue under the restorative devices and materials, and then the remaining parts of the tooth can no longer be saved;
No bad habits for teeth. If the patient has bruxism, it is likely that the restored organs will not last long. The same applies to the habits of using the teeth to crack nuts, to bite threads, to open bottles;
The patient must have sufficient financial resources for restoration measures, which are quite expensive.

Teeth extension methods

The organ, from which only its lower part remains, needs first of all to be strengthened in order to restore its working capacity. Already then it is necessary to think about returning the tooth to its appearance.

Use of pins

The pin is a durable rod made of a hypoallergenic material that is biologically compatible with human tissues. There are transparent fiberglass, titanium fixtures, as well as those made from other alloys. The pin is designed to strengthen the tooth, increase its height above the gum and serves as a support for restorative structures or materials.

It allows you to save the functions and appearance of even a more than half-destroyed tooth. To restore the anterior organs, fiberglass pins are usually used, which do not shine through the restoration material and do not let outsiders know about their presence.

Restoration of teeth with their help takes place in several stages, the duration of which will fit in one visit to the dentist:

The rest of the organ is freed from bacteria and carious tissue, if any, is sealed;
A hole is made in the cavity for installing the pin. Its dimensions and designs must match. The pin is firmly fixed in place so that its part remains above the gum. Its size should not be larger than that which is hidden in the depths of the tissues. Depending on the type of pin, it can be fixed in the bone tissue using the thread on it, or due to a special composition. With severe tooth decay, the first method is preferable. To restore the front, one rod is enough. Molars that have many roots can be restored with multiple pins;
The crown part of the tooth is restored with composite materials that match the color of your own enamel. Sanded for a more natural look. If this is a molar tooth, it is more expedient to restore it with a crown, for which an impression is first made.

Extension using pins allows you to save it for 3-4 years. At the same time, the tooth looks quite aesthetically pleasing and remains functional.

Stump tab

The principle of tooth restoration in this way is similar to a pin. At the root, a structure called a stump tab is strengthened, but unlike it, it is made according to the individual parameters of the patient and in accordance with all configurations of the destroyed organ. A similar design is made smaller than a tooth, since it is covered with composite layers or a crown on top. This is a more expensive recovery option, but it also more reliable, allows the organ to serve for a long time, thanks to uniform chewing pressure. The stump tab is a monolithic or two-piece fixture made of ceramic, metal alloy, zirconium. One-piece restorations are usually used for the restoration of teeth with a single root. Collapsible is preferable for building multi-rooted.

The procedure for restoring a tooth using a stump tab looks like this:

At the appointment with the dentist, the ability of the tissues to withstand the installation of the structure is determined. Then the root canals are cleaned and processed. Casts are taken from both jaws, which will help to determine the shape of the restored tooth, as well as the features of its contact with neighboring organs and antagonists. While the stump tab is being made on the basis of plaster models and auxiliary wax, the tooth is closed with a temporary filling and crown;
The following operations are performed on the second visit. A temporary filling is removed from the root canals, they are re-sanitized and dried. The lower part of the tab is placed in the resulting space. The remaining empty space is again filled with dental material, which will serve on a permanent basis. The filling will protect the root canals from bacteria and hold the tab more firmly. Above the gum, the upper one joins its lower part. It looks like a tooth stump. Once this has happened, an impression is made from the top of the tab, which is needed to create a crown. If the clinic has modern equipment, this stage is carried out using computer modeling, which allows you to determine the required configuration of the future tooth more accurately. A temporary crown is placed on the inlay. If it is not supposed to be worn, composite materials are used. They form the upper part of the tooth, grind and polish;
On the third visit to the dentist, after the crown is made, it is attached to the inlay with dental cement. Before fixing for permanent wear, try on. In total, the process of restoring a tooth with the help of a stump tab will take at least a week.

Is it worth building up teeth if the root remains

Despite the many advantages of tooth restoration techniques, augmented organs can bring some problems:

How to build up a tooth if only the root remains, and is it possible to restore a destroyed crown with one wall?

A broken, worn or destroyed tooth brings physical and psychological discomfort. Damaged tissues provide access for bacteria, neighboring organs deteriorate, bad breath appears, eating becomes painful due to increased sensitivity. Damaged front teeth make a person complex.

It is always useful to know which teeth can be restored. Almost any destroyed unit can be made functional again. Photos on the Internet allow you to assess the advanced level of modern medicine. There are three exceptions for restoration:

severe inflammation of the root, not amenable to treatment;
destruction has spread deep under the gum;
the tooth is loose.

Why do teeth break?

Dental problems are primarily caused by caries. The dentoalveolar rows are subjected to a heavy load every day: chewing, acidic environment, pathogenic microorganisms gradually destroy the enamel even with careful care. Factors are conditionally divided into external (mechanical and temperature effects, poor hygiene) and internal (various diseases of organs and unbalanced nutrition). Chipped or decayed teeth are provoked by:

jaw injuries from bumps and falls;
low quality enamel with a lack of calcium, phosphorus;
sudden weight loss;
pregnancy
bruxism;
diseases of the genitourinary system and gastrointestinal tract;
internal caries;
an improper diet that excludes important vitamins and minerals.

Methods for the restoration of worn or destroyed teeth

About whether there is a chance to restore a chipped, broken tooth, you need to find out immediately after the injury. Dentists try to preserve the tissue as much as possible without removing the root, since its natural in the human body is always better than an artificial substitute. If the incisor or molar has fallen apart, the dentist can offer 2 methods of restoration, depending on the condition of the tissues:

Straight. The procedure is quick and easy enough for the patient, one visit to the doctor is required. Modern materials allow you to achieve the most natural color and stop the deformation of the organ.
Indirect. Treatment requires several visits to the dentist, special constructions are used (crowns, veneers, inlays, implants). An impression is made before installation.

When the tooth is removed and the installation of an artificial structure is required, its service life with proper operation will be 20-25 years. At the same time, careful care and regular examination by a specialist is important.

Building

Restoring a tooth with an extension is a rather unpleasant procedure for the patient, it is performed under local anesthesia. The drug is injected into the tissues of the oral cavity close to the affected organ, in which the nerves are preserved. Many patients after a serious injury are interested in the question: is it possible to build up a tooth if only its root remains? This method of restoration is often performed in the smile zone, and is also used for a small child on milk incisors and molars. The method of restoring a destroyed frontal tooth involves maintaining the aesthetics of the front rows. Methods are applied:

The use of a heliocomposite. The technique is effective when the root below the gum remains intact, and the crown part is destroyed. A pin is placed in the tissue, around which an organ is built up, repeating the shape of the real one.
Working with composite material without a pin. The method is used when a strong load is not expected on the tooth, and its walls do not need to be further strengthened. The composition is applied in layers, hardening is carried out under the action of a UV lamp.

Pin installation

Fiberglass structures are used to make a tooth in the front if it has broken off - the material has a color and properties similar to dentin. It reduces the risk of root fracture after restoration and does not react with saliva and crowns. Before installing the anchor pin, the dentist prepares the root canal and restores the coronal part with a composite.

What to do if the tooth is broken, and only the root remains? The installation of a pin will also help here, if the tissue is not inflamed, and it will be difficult to restore it. It is mounted only after complete sanitation, after which an extension is carried out or a crown is placed.

Microprosthetics

When the tooth is deformed, but the crown part is preserved, the method of microprosthetics is used. With a significant extent of damage, the organ is cut down with a diamond bur, the cavity is strengthened with a special insert. For incisors, veneers and lumineers are used - composite or ceramic overlays on the surface visible when a person smiles and talks. The procedure is carried out in several stages:

removal of a thin layer of enamel;
selection of the color of prostheses;
making an impression;
installation.

When artificial structures are made, plastic veneers are temporarily placed. The tooth can be completely restored with a second visit to a specialist. If the inner layers of the organ are badly damaged, and the crown part is broken off by half, you will need to put a crown. Before the procedure, the pulp is removed, the root canal is completely cleaned and sealed. This method is used to restore a single-walled organ, and is popular in cases where the incisors are worn out and their length needs to be increased. The stump intra-root tab is preliminarily installed.

Implantation

After tooth extraction, implantation can be performed - it will allow you to recreate the anatomical shape of the organ and not injure neighboring units, as when installing a crown. Immediately after the operation, the doctor implants the implant into the jaw tissue. After its fusion with the periosteum, a support and a ceramic crown are placed on it. The structure can be made of zirconia, titanium or Roxolid material. The removed tooth is replaced with an artificial one, looks aesthetically pleasing and retains its function.

Enamel restoration

Enamel is a shield against caries, it contains 95% of inorganic substances. When defects appear, sensitivity increases, so dentists recommend using the remineralization procedure. For this, several methods are used:

coating with varnish containing fluorine;
self-application of a cap at home;
one-time use of trays at the dentist with fluoride gel.

For each patient, silicone caps are made separately so that the device repeats the anatomical shape of the dentition. The specialist will offer a medical paste or coating with a fluorine-containing substance for minor enamel defects.

Is it possible to restore a broken or completely destroyed tooth in a child?

What to do if a child of 3-4 years old or a preschooler has collapsed, a tooth has broken off or there are slight injuries? Milk units also need treatment: their untimely loss leads to the development of bite defects. The doctor chooses how to repair a broken or decayed tooth based on the type of damage, location, and number of units:

drilling and restoration with photocomposites;
installation of removable prostheses (cantilever, plate, bridge-like, sliding).

When the crown of the tooth breaks down to the root, this is the worst option, in which it is almost impossible to do without removing the part remaining in the gum. It is important to try to save the organ in the child, since nearby teeth can change location after removing the damaged one.

Rules for caring for restored teeth

Careful eating is important:

using a fork and knife to separate small pieces of food;
avoiding biting off too hard foods (especially after restoration of the frontal organ);
exclusion from the diet of seeds, nuts and crackers;
quitting smoking, drinking coffee, tea, red wine.

Prevention of repeated damage

Tooth decay can be stopped, as well as preventing the emergence of new problems that require serious material costs to restore the organs of the oral cavity. Preventive measures include:

daily care;
the use of therapeutic pastes that strengthen the enamel;
taking vitamins for teeth;
compliance with the rules of proper nutrition;
obligatory use of hard and soft food;
control of chronic gastrointestinal pathologies.

If a tooth is broken to the base of the gum, or the visible part is completely destroyed, in most cases it is restored. When there is no pain in pathological processes, the patient should consult a specialist. A hidden problem and subtle damage can cause serious harm in the future.

How to restore a tooth, if there is only one root left, can it be extended?

What is meant by tooth augmentation?

If only the root remains of the damaged tooth, the extension method is used, which involves the layer-by-layer application of a composite material of different transparency from the base of the damaged tooth unit, followed by grinding and polishing. This method of restoration allows you to give the crown a shape and maximum naturalness of the tooth.

Along with this, a heliocomposite is used for the artistic restoration of a destroyed tooth. This method is used when the tooth has broken off at the very root. In this case, a pin is installed in the canal, around which a special material is applied and the necessary shape of the lost part of the tooth is formed.

Conditions necessary to restore a decayed tooth from the root

Mostly teeth with a removed nerve are destroyed. Without the necessary nutrition, the enamel walls become thinner and break off at the slightest mechanical impact. It is impossible to restore a tooth in such a situation by filling, therefore, extension and prosthetics are used. The choice depends on the degree of tooth decay.

You can restore a damaged tooth in the presence of a root in the following cases:

In addition, in order to restore a broken or worn to the ground tooth, you need to have wide financial resources. Building and prosthetics are expensive procedures.

How are broken teeth repaired?

With pins

There are 2 types of pin elements:

Active. They are screwed into the root thanks to the thread. Installation does not require prior expansion of the root canals. This type of pins is used in cases where the tooth is completely destroyed.
Passive. They are fixed with a special cementing agent and are used for minor violations of the integrity of the tooth.

If necessary, carious lesions are eliminated, inflammatory processes are treated, plaque and tartar are removed.
The oral cavity is cleaned of affected tissues, after which it is treated with antiseptic agents.
The pin shaft is screwed into the root. In this case, the part of the structure, which is located in the root cavity, must exceed the height of the pin element above the gum surface.
Restoration of the supragingival region. The tooth is restored using composite materials.
Grinding. Excess filling material is removed, rough areas are polished.

Using a stump tab

If the tooth has broken off to the base, it can be restored using a stump tab, which is a design of 1 or 2 elements. It is made of plastic, ceramics, zirconium dioxide or alloys of various metals.

The restoration of a broken tooth with the subsequent installation of a crown takes an average of 3-4 weeks. The procedure includes the following steps:

Removal of affected tissues and expansion of channels.
Removal of casts from both jaws, on the basis of which the tab is made. During this period, a temporary filling is placed in the tooth cavity.
Installation of the finished structure. A special dental adhesive is used for fixation.
Making a layout for a crown. Metal plates are filled with an elastic substance and attached to the teeth. According to the impression, within 1-2 weeks, a crown is made, and a plastic crown is temporarily installed on the stump tab.
Trying on a prosthesis and selecting a shade for crowns.
Coating the structure.
Final crown placement.

Before placing a stump tab, the condition of the root canals is checked. If the orthopedic dentist has comments, the patient is referred for treatment to the endodontist.

"Doctor, I was just chewing on a soft bun, and I felt something crunch." This is how the patient's story usually begins about how it happened that some incomprehensible stump remained from the tooth. Is it possible in such cases to "save" the tooth from extraction? What criteria are guided in such cases by the dentist? Finally, how exactly is it right to restore a tooth in such situations - close up with a filling, put a crown, "strengthen with a pin" or something else? We'll talk about this today.

Let's start with a little theory. Why dead teeth so often break down? By creating access to the root canals, the doctor removes a lot of tissue. In this case, as a rule, neglected caries leads to the need for root canal treatment, which by the time of treatment has already "eaten" part of the tooth. As a result of these two reasons, after root canal treatment, the patient gets a severely weakened tooth. Some walls may be completely absent, some will be very thin. Imagine an unopened can of cola... or beer (whichever is closer to you). Try to break it with your hands. This will not be easy to do. Now open it, drink the contents and you will get a tooth model with the insides removed and thin walls. You don't have to be a jock-bodybuilder to now easily crush it with your hands. Pretty much the same thing happens with dead teeth. Fragile walls do not withstand a large and constantly repetitive cyclic load during chewing. Our chewing muscles can develop a force of up to 400 kg cm2. Imagine that such a 400-kilogram young man jumps on your tooth every day.

At the same time, it doesn’t matter at all what you eat: crackers, nuts or a fresh roll. Sooner or later, weakened tooth walls will crack. And this is the inevitable result.

What to do if a tooth is broken? Delete it? Or can it be restored? And if so, how can it be done better? The main criterion by which the doctor decides on the advisability of preserving the "hemp" is the quantity and quality of hard tissues that rise above the gum. Ideally, it should be like this: the edges of the tooth along the entire perimeter are above the level of the gums, the height of the walls is at least 2-3 mm, the thickness is at least 1-2 mm.

Moreover, the higher and thicker the walls, the better the prognosis for restoration. If chipped tooth wall occurred deep under the gum, then such teeth often have to be removed. Because no design with a good prognosis for such teeth can be made. If this rule is neglected, then in the foreseeable future we will get something like this ...

The crown is in the hands, not in the mouth. Any filling, crown, whatever ... on such a root will not last long. The main reason for this is that somewhere in the depths, in the depths of the gums, it is impossible to achieve a perfect fit of any material to the tooth. Any restoration, if it is nevertheless done, will quickly begin to “leak” under such conditions. This means that an infection living in the oral cavity will easily penetrate into the tooth, “grinding” the tooth from the inside. Therefore, it will be much more reliable to replace such a root with an implant. Of course, you can always find a compassionate dentist-plasterer who sticks something, somehow greases it and at the same time sleeps peacefully. But if we are talking about quality and durability, then such options are not for us.

What then is for us? Here are some possible correct options for restoring severely decayed dead teeth.

1. Restoration of the tooth stump with a filling + crown.

For example, as in this clinical case. To recreate the base of the tooth in such cases, a special composite material or amalgam is used *

2. Restoration of the tooth stump with a filling on a fiberglass pin + crown.

Everything is the same, but the filling material is "strengthened" with a pin. This is usually done when there is very little tooth tissue and there is not much hope for them.

There are many opinions on the advisability of "pinning" teeth, and even among dentists there is no unity on this topic. Someone shoves the pins into all the teeth in a row, someone does not do them at all. The truth, as always, is somewhere in the middle. One thing is for sure - the use of the so-called. anchor metal pins (similar to small screws) are already mauvais ton today.

3. Stump tab + crown.

In this case, the base for the crown is made in a dental laboratory and is a monolithic structure glued inside the canal. Stump inlays today can be made of metals (cobalt-chromium and gold-platinum alloys) or zirconium dioxide.

These are the main methods of restoring a tooth if it is broken. Each dentist makes the choice between them at his own discretion. The only thing to remember is that any technique that involves the installation of a pin into the root canal requires their ideal treatment, because there will be no repeated relatively easy access to them. Therefore, any treatment with pins is in fact the last for the tooth, after which only extraction is most often possible. For this and some other reasons, today there is a tendency to move away from the manufacture of any pin structures, especially stump inlays.

So now you know how and what is the best way to restore broken dead teeth.

Dentist-orthopedist Martynov D.V. Personal site.
Up-to-date information about dental prosthetics and modern dentistry.

Restoration of destroyed teeth

In this article, we will talk about severely destroyed “teeth”, from which part of the crown or only the root remains. As a rule, these are pulpless teeth with old fillings that have fallen out, broken walls or a worn chewing surface. In most cases, there is no pulp in such teeth: it has either become necrotic or the root canals have already been sealed.

Causes of tooth decay

Most often, teeth are destroyed as a result of caries and its complications, or injuries.

Caries never goes away on its own. If you do not contact the dentist, the tooth will continue to deteriorate.
Old fillings, especially cement fillings, wear out over time, and it becomes necessary to replace them. Otherwise, the tooth will be destroyed.
Depulped teeth darken over time and become brittle. It is important to cover them with crowns in a timely manner in order to prolong their functioning. Without this, the risk of chipping part of the tooth crown is high.

A frivolous attitude to the listed problems over time leads to significant tooth decay.

Tactics for severely decayed teeth

1. Survey and long-term assessment

First you need to decide whether to save such a tooth? This is written in detail below.

2. Restoration of the “tooth stump” of a destroyed tooth using a pin or inlay.

The method of tooth restoration depends on the degree of its destruction, the age of the patient and the condition of the oral cavity as a whole. There are 2 main methods: using pins (titanium or fiberglass) or pin-stump tabs. At this stage, the doctor strengthens and restores the inner part of the tooth, which will later be used as a support for an artificial crown. Previously, it may be necessary to carry out root canal retreatment in this tooth.

3. Making an artificial crown for the restored tooth.

The restored tooth must be protected from further decay. This is achieved by making a crown to cover it.

What happens if a broken tooth is not restored?

Significantly destroyed teeth almost do not participate in chewing food, since they do not have a chewing surface. They just take up space in the mouth. The chewing pressure that falls on them is always much less than the load that is exerted on healthy teeth. Under such conditions, such teeth can exist in the oral cavity for years. This is possible provided that the root canals in them are correctly sealed. If there are pathological changes around their roots, then such a tooth is a constant source of chronic inflammation in the body. Such a focus of bacterial infection can "shoot" at the most inopportune moment. Therefore, the issue of preserving severely damaged teeth must be addressed immediately when they appear in the oral cavity.

There are only two solutions: either the tooth is saved or removed. If it is saved, then it needs to be restored. If it is removed, then it is necessary to restore the integrity of the dentition after the removal of a badly damaged tooth.

Should decayed teeth be preserved?

Today there is no question “how to restore a tooth”. Modern dentistry can restore any tooth, even one from which only the root remains. The whole question lies in the expediency of such a restoration. The key factors that are important to consider in making this decision are as follows:

1. Evaluation of the long term.

This is the main thing to consider. As mentioned above, decayed teeth almost do not participate in chewing. In this state, they can be in the mouth for years. If the crown of such a tooth is restored, then the chewing load on it will increase significantly! In a loaded state, the life of this tooth will be much lower! If at the same time the canals of the tooth are sealed poorly, then the increased load will lead to an exacerbation of chronic inflammation and the restored tooth will have to be removed.

2. The condition of the tissues surrounding the root of the tooth.

According to X-ray images, it evaluates the quality of root canal filling in a destroyed tooth. Quite often, it is necessary to perform repeated endodontic treatment if you follow the path of saving the tooth. This is due to incomplete filling of the root canals, or with foci of chronic inflammation around the roots of the tooth. The doctor also evaluates the mobility of the tooth. If it is present, then it is far from always advisable to save the tooth.

3. The volume of preserved hard tissues of the tooth.

If only the root remains of the tooth, destroyed below the level of the gums, then the tooth is removed.
If the tooth crown is completely destroyed, but the remaining root is motionless and protrudes at least 2-3 mm above the gum, then it must be preserved and included in the prosthetic plan.

It is important to consider that these must be healthy hard tissues. Even if part of the crown remains from the tooth, but at the same time its root is all affected by caries, then such a tooth is removed.

Save the controversial tooth or remove it - the patient always decides. The doctor's task is to assess the real terms of the "functioning" of such a tooth in the event of its restoration and to explain this to the patient in an accessible way. Each case is individual and only a dentist who has carried out a complete diagnosis can draw up an adequate treatment plan. Trying to solve this issue on the Internet is useless. The main task of the patient is to understand the potential risk of preserving such "teeth" and make a choice based on the recommendations of the dentist and their own capabilities.

Restoration of teeth with pins

Previously, dentists actively used titanium anchor pins. Now the preference has shifted towards fiberglass pins. In terms of their physical and mechanical properties, they correspond more to the tissues of the tooth than titanium ones. The post is cemented into the pre-expanded root canal of the tooth. After that, it is covered with a special composite material. The advantage of the method is time saving. The doctor performs the entire procedure in one visit.

Restoration of teeth with intra-root tabs

Instead of factory pins, custom-made pin-stump tabs are used. They are cast in the dental laboratory from noble (gold-platinum alloy) or non-precious (cobalt-chromium) metal alloys.

Caring for restored teeth

A restored tooth is always less reliable than a healthy one. He requires respect for himself. Make it a rule to always use a knife and fork. This does not mean that you need to follow some kind of diet. Just try to avoid hard and coarse foods: nuts, crackers, seeds. If your frontal tooth (incisors) was restored, then you should not bite off hard fruits (pears, apples) or tough meat (kebabs).

The second important rule is maintaining excellent oral hygiene. This is the prevention of the occurrence of secondary caries, which can destroy a previously restored tooth. In this case, it will no longer be possible to save it.

What to do when it is decided to remove a controversial tooth? - Prosthetics on implants

If the tooth is severely damaged and the doctor warns you about the dubious long-term prospects for its preservation, then you should think about implantation. To do this, the decayed tooth is removed and a dental implant is placed in its place. A few months after the operation, the dentist makes an artificial crown based on this implant.

The advantage of this solution is that adjacent teeth do not need to be prepared. This would have to be done if a bridge was chosen as a permanent structure. By removing a severely damaged tooth, you saved yourself from the potential risks of its restoration: secondary caries and exacerbation of chronic inflammation in the periodontium.

Can badly damaged teeth be restored?

Teeth, like any organs of a living organism, are given to a person once and therefore require a particularly careful attitude, because they play a very important role in the beginning of the digestive process and are responsible for how efficiently food will be crushed before it enters the digestive tract. But what if, due to certain circumstances (disturbances in metabolic processes, injuries, genetic predisposition, or simply poor care), the teeth began to decay? Can badly damaged teeth be restored??

Restoring decaying teeth is a painstaking process, but possible. First of all, the degree of damage to the tissues of the tooth (root and crown part) and the condition of the tissues surrounding the tooth (periodontium, mucous, bone tissue of the jaw) are assessed. Dentists first of all check how stable the tooth is, and whether there are pathological processes in the areas adjacent to the tooth (inflammation, suppuration, cysts, bone thinning). If the root of the tooth is healthy and stable, and the adjacent tissues are in order (previously cured by a periodontist), then the process of restoring the destroyed crown part of the tooth can begin. There are two ways to do this: cosmetic restoration of the crown part of the tooth and prosthetics of the crown part of the tooth.

It is possible to cosmetically restore the crown part of the tooth on an anchor or fiberglass pin, one part of which is fixed in the root, and the other part holds the filling material of the formed crown part. This form of restoration of teeth is suitable for teeth, the crown part of which is not destroyed to the ground, and there are walls that will limit the mobility of the filling. As a filling material, composite masses are used, which can be applied in layers and gradually form the desired shape of the crown part.

The disadvantage of this kind restoration of broken teeth considers their low endurance, for this reason, teeth restored with composites require careful attitude, soft food and the rejection of bad habits (biting bones, seeds, sweets, etc.). Composite teeth cannot bite off a piece of hard sausages, dry fish, hard biscuits, bread crusts, hard fruits and vegetables.

With a significantly destroyed crown part of the tooth, it is recommended to cover the tooth with an artificial crown (plastic, metal-plastic, stamped steel, cast from base and precious metals, metal-ceramic, ceramic), which covers all the destroyed surfaces of the crown part, restores chewing efficiency by almost 100%. Plastic structures require careful treatment, as I tend to wear out and crack from excessive load on the tooth, ceramic masses do not tolerate temperature changes (a sharp change in hot and too cold dishes and drinks).

Completely destroyed crown parts of the tooth with a well-preserved root are restored using pin teeth or root stump inlays. Both types of structures are made by casting. The difference between a pin tooth and a stump tab is that the crown part of the tooth is cast in the pin tooth at the same time, and the cast stump tab requires the subsequent landing of the selected type of artificial crown on it.

Any of the methods for restoring damaged teeth requires additional measures to regulate metabolic processes, therapy with minerals and vitamins, and also involves careful oral care so that the remaining parts of the teeth, as supports, are preserved for the longest possible service life.

How is the root removed, if only it remains in the gum, and the tooth is completely destroyed and crumbled?

Going to the dentist's office is a challenge for many people. Patients believe that the removal of the roots is accompanied by pain, as well as the obligatory cutting and suturing of the gums. However, modern methods, tools and materials allow the operation to be performed with little or no discomfort and complications.

Do I need to remove the root of a decayed tooth?

When there is no dental crown, but the roots remain in the gum, you need to determine what condition they are in. The crown part can be destroyed both on a tooth with a nerve and on a pulpless one. If the roots of a tooth are severely damaged, it cannot be restored. The dentition is restored with the installation of an implant or bridge after the removal of fragments of the unit.

Do I need to extract teeth if they do not hurt? Patients often turn to dentists with the following symptoms: the tooth has crumbled to the ground and rotted, while the person is not bothered by pain. The forces of immunity allow for a certain time to restrain the spread of infection, but there comes a time when acute inflammation occurs, accompanied by edema. Then you can lose both the collapsed unit and the neighboring ones.

Absolute indications for removal

Amputation of a rotten root is mandatory, since it is a breeding ground for infection. The problem is not only bad breath - bacteria multiply in the remains of the unit, there is supragingival or subgingival calculus on them, which causes inflammation of the gums. Almost always, the tops of the roots are infected, due to which a granuloma can form, subsequently leading to a flux. What a broken tooth looks like can be seen in the photo.

Removal is indicated in the following cases:

periodontal disease;
if the tooth is loose;
the presence of a cyst, abscess;
caries damage;
complex fracture of the tooth;
the presence of fragments deeply stuck in the hole;
atypical position of the unit.

Removing the roots of a wisdom tooth is almost always required. These are far-away molars, for which there is no way to take good care of them, so the “eights” are quickly destroyed. Wisdom teeth often provoke displacement of other units and constant inflammation due to cheek biting. Units are kept if they have grown correctly and are not too damaged. A crown is placed on the wisdom tooth or used for further restoration of the row with the help of a bridge.

When can the root be left if the tooth has crumbled?

If possible, dentists strive to save at least one root of a decayed multi-rooted tooth. It can become a support for the crown, thanks to which the unit will continue to perform its functions.

If there is a wall or only a root due to the loss of a filling of a pulpless tooth or a chipped piece of it, the remaining parts can be saved. This is done in cases where the root or surrounding tissues are not subject to pathological processes.

The dentist uses conservative and conservative surgical methods of treatment. In the first case, the root is sealed, and after therapy, the restoration of the unit is performed using a pin or stump insert. A crown is put on a metal base, which will allow the tooth to fully perform its function.

A conservative surgical technique is required in the presence of inflammation at the apex of the root canal. The operation is carried out within half an hour - the doctor cuts off the top of the root.

Sometimes, with inflammation, it is possible to avoid surgical intervention - the doctor injects an anti-inflammatory drug into the canal. The tool can be in it from 2–3 months to 1–2 years, during which time the bone near the root apex is restored. However, with a significant loss of bone tissue, specialists more often resort to a surgical method in order to preserve the remains of the tooth.

How is the root removed?

Many patients are interested in the question of how the roots are removed, because you need to prepare for the procedure not only physically, but also mentally. If the tooth is rotten, several methods can be used to extract it:

Preparing for the operation

If the tooth has collapsed, and the patient has decided on the operation, it is necessary to prepare for it. A person undergoes a complete examination of the oral cavity. Soft deposits and calculus are removed from the teeth next to the diseased unit.

Immediately before the procedure, the dentist examines the mucous membrane for inflammation or suppuration. He performs hygienic treatment of soft tissues in order to exclude the penetration of microbes into the wound that remains after the intervention. The patient rinses his mouth with Eludril or Chlorhexidine - this allows you to kill 90% of pathogens.

Before complex removal of the tooth root, additional processing will be required. The doctor wipes the patient's face with alcohol or Chlorhexidine. A cape is placed on the chest, which protects clothing from possible ingress of saliva, blood, etc. It will not hurt during the manipulation - the method of anesthesia is selected at the preparation stage, based on the age, the presence of allergies and various diseases in the patient. If the root is located deep, you will need to make an incision in the soft tissues.

Required Tools

To remove a decayed tooth, doctors use several types of tools:

Forceps. There are different types of forceps, including separate mandibular and maxillary instruments, root extraction devices for limited mouth opening, etc.
Elevators. Each type of instrument (straight, angled, etc.) is designed for a separate group of teeth.
Drill. The device is necessary for sawing the tooth and removing the roots or their parts.

Amputation process

The operation begins with the detachment of tissue around the unit. Amputation of the tooth root is performed using certain methods of work:

The choice of root removal method is influenced by the degree of damage to the tooth and the presence of transformations in the bone tissue. If the root is rotten, and the bone is slightly deformed due to inflammation, then the extraction specialist will only need forceps. They are applied at the final stage after the separation of the alveoli and gums. When this tool fails, the doctor uses the elevator.

What to do if the tooth is rotted to the gums? In this case, a drill is used. The device allows you to cut the unit into pieces, then each piece is taken out separately. The fragments are removed with another tool. When extracting a wisdom tooth, additional devices are used.

If the root is pulled out before its complete destruction, the operation will be simple. The procedure usually takes about 10 minutes. Extraction in people over 40 years of age is quite easy, since the alveolus atrophies and a focus of inflammation forms - the body independently rejects a piece of the remaining tooth. When several roots are planned to be removed, the procedure is considered complicated.

Possible consequences

Complications after extraction of a tooth or root is a phenomenon that occurs due to the lack of experience of the doctor or his negligence. If the unit fell out due to injury, it is worth taking an x-ray so that the doctor makes sure that there are no fragments left in the hole. During the procedure, the following may occur:

Breaking off the top of the root. Bleeding from the wound, so the fragments are not always visible. The specialist must prescribe a second removal.
Fragment stuck deep in the well. Part of the tooth cannot be seen without an X-ray, it is covered with epithelial tissue and does not bother you at first. Subsequently, a capsule of fibrous tissue and a fragment provokes the formation of an abscess or phlegmon.
Pieces of bone get stuck in soft tissues. This is a local complication, and fragments can often be removed on their own or in the doctor's office under anesthesia (without tissue cutting).

Do I need to remove the remaining fragments of the tooth? Leaving them in the wound is unacceptable, as this can lead to unpleasant consequences:

What to do if a piece remains after removal?

If a fragment remains in the gum, you should not delay visiting a doctor. The specialist will remove the residual fragments and treat the wound with an antiseptic. The operation is performed in two ways:

when a fragment is on the surface, extraction is carried out in a few minutes with a special tool;
if the piece is located deep, a gum incision is made to extract it.

Sometimes doctors are faced with a situation where the fragment is overgrown with gums - it is completely covered with mucous. In this case, the treatment is carried out in several stages:

Is it possible to pull out a rotten tooth root at home?

There are many videos on the Internet showing people trying to extract a tooth at home. Is it worth experimenting so cruelly on yourself? Attempts to remove it yourself can lead to unpredictable consequences for a number of reasons:

choosing an anesthetic and correctly injecting it in the right dose into the gum is very problematic without a medical education;
it is difficult to maintain sterility at home, so there is a high risk of infection in the wound;
inept tissue incision can cause serious bleeding;
without the use of anesthesia, pain shock is possible.

If the removal of a strong whole tooth can still be realized, then a rotten root will not succumb to extraction. The crown of the tooth or its subgingival part may crumble, the fragments will get stuck in the hole, decomposing and infecting the surrounding tissues. Dentists categorically do not recommend trying on their own to remove not only permanent, but even milk teeth.

Restoration of severely damaged teeth is real: expert opinion

It is no secret that many people delay their visit to the dentist until the last moment, when little can be left of the tooth. Is it possible to restore a badly damaged tooth and how it happens, says David Vyacheslavovich Babayan, chief physician of the American Dental Center "DAntist".

32top: Which tooth is considered severely decayed?

Babayan D.: A severely damaged tooth is considered to be a tooth in which more than 50% of the area is restored with a filling or not restored at all. There are various reasons why teeth become severely decayed. Caries, trauma, doctor's mistake, untimely visit by the patient to the dentist, bad habits (seeds, nuts, etc.), the reason may also be increased tooth wear.

32top: Is it really possible to restore a badly damaged tooth with high quality? In which case the tooth can no longer be restored?

Babayan D.: Almost any tooth can be restored, with the exception of severe inflammation at the root, which is not amenable to therapeutic treatment.

Restoration of the tooth is also impossible when the tooth is destroyed deep under the gum, or when the tooth is mobile.

In all other cases, there is a modern way to restore severely damaged teeth. And then the restored tooth serves the patient for a long time. The main thing is to contact a qualified specialist in time to solve the problem.

32top: What are the methods of restoring a severely damaged tooth crown?

Babayan D.: Many dentists-therapists in such situations install large light fillings, reinforcing them with titanium pins. But the specialists of our clinic and I personally are not supporters of this method of tooth restoration, due to certain shortcomings. Such a patient should be seen by an orthopedic dentist. Depending on the scale of tooth decay, the orthopedic dentist must choose a design for restoration. The following options are possible: stump tab (inlay, onlay, overlay) or pin - stump tab, followed by covering it with a crown.

32top: What are the pros and cons of light curing post fillings?

Babayan D.: Such pins are screwed into the root canal of the tooth along the thread, as a self-tapping screw is screwed into a tree. One can imagine what pressure is exerted on the root canal of the tooth during the process of screwing in the pin and during chewing acts during the operation of such a tooth. There is a huge risk of cracking and fracture of the tooth root, which is fraught with the removal of this tooth. Another disadvantage is the composite material itself, which shrinks over time and the so-called “secondary caries” forms under it. When this happens, you need to remove this entire structure from the oral cavity, excise fresh carious tissues and restore the tooth again. And this process will be repeated every 3-5 years.

32top: How reliable is this method of restoring teeth?

Babayan D.: Modern dentistry has long moved away from restoring teeth with pins. How long a tooth with a pin will last - no one will say. During chewing, the load on the pin may increase, and then the pin may break the root or a crack may form in the root, after which the tooth must be removed. The wall of the tooth may also break off, because. a large filling will put pressure on it.

32top: What are the alternatives to light-cured post fillings?

Babayan D.: The following options are possible:

Stump tab (inlay, onlay, overlay)
A more common method is a post-stump tab, which is subsequently covered with an artificial crown.
Extraction of a tooth and installation of a dental implant in its place, followed by the installation of a crown on it

32top: Can a core inlay effectively solve the problem of restoring a badly damaged tooth and how does it work?

Babayan D.: Of course. The doctor prepares the tooth, creates a place for fixing the future inlay and determines the color of the future structure. Next, the doctor takes accurate impressions of all teeth along with a specific tooth. Based on the impressions, plaster models are cast in the dental laboratory, according to which the dental technician makes a stump inlay. After that, the doctor fixes it in the oral cavity with cement, and the patient uses this tooth as a natural one.

32top: What are the advantages and disadvantages of core inlays?

Babayan D.: Such an inlay is solid, thereby evenly distributing the load on the entire tooth. Also, the stump tabs do not shrink and deform, as a result of which “secondary caries” does not form. Stump inlays have very high strength and aesthetic characteristics and do not differ from natural teeth in any way. There are simply no downsides to stump tabs.

32top: What are the features of the restoration of severely damaged teeth with post-stump inlays?

Babayan D.: The doctor prepares the previously sealed root canal, unsealed it by 2/3 of its length, expands it, takes impressions for casting plaster models in the dental laboratory. The technician models the future inlay with wax, after which the wax is replaced with the material that the future inlay will consist of (metal or zirconium dioxide). Next, the doctor fixes this tab in a previously prepared cavity in the tooth and nothing is screwed anywhere. The biggest difference from a titanium post is that the post-stump tab is fixed on the prepared tooth with the entire area and evenly distributes the chewing load. The risk of fracture and cracks in the root disappears. After fixing the tab, we get a tooth in miniature, and then an artificial tooth crown is made on it. This design lasts 3 times longer than a titanium post design and looks much more aesthetically pleasing than a filling.

32top: Are complications possible when restoring a badly damaged tooth and how to avoid them?

Babayan D.: If the doctor and technician did everything right, then there can be no complications. The patient should not feel the inlays and crowns in the oral cavity, they should not interfere with the patient. Complications can be avoided by choosing a competent specialist and a clinic with a good reputation. If these points are observed, it remains to listen to the recommendations of the doctor, and then nothing threatens the patient's teeth.

Removal of the root of a destroyed or rotten tooth: does it hurt, the removal process

In the last century, to the question of whether it hurts to remove the root of a tooth if the crown is completely destroyed, many dentists would have given an affirmative answer. Pain during and after the procedure, complications from anesthesia and discomfort haunted many patients. But today the situation has changed - a diseased tooth and its root can be pulled out absolutely painlessly.

Who will have to part with a tooth

After a tooth extraction in the doctor's office, complications are extremely rare. Much more often, sad consequences occur when it spontaneously falls out due to destruction or injury. In such cases, there are two options: restoration of dentin and enamel or removal of the tooth root.

You will have to remove the root of the tooth with the following symptoms:

constant discomfort in the gums;
sharp pain when chewing;
swollen soft tissues;
bleeding;
the appearance of pus.

A sure sign of an inflammatory process in the gums is an increase in body temperature in the absence of symptoms of another disease.

Important! It is impossible to postpone a visit to the dentist, even if only one of these symptoms appears. Any suspicion that the root of the tooth has remained in the gum and has begun to rot should be the reason for an urgent visit to the doctor.

What are the roots of the teeth, look at the photo:

Temporary contraindications

Surgical removal of the root of a destroyed tooth is contraindicated in the period:

relapse of a complex mental disorder;
acute phase of ARVI;
exacerbation of a neurological disease;
rehabilitation after a heart attack.

Doctors of dental clinics are aware of all contraindications to extraction. But not all conditions have vivid clinical signs, therefore, in order to avoid unpleasant consequences, it is necessary to warn the doctor about the ailment.

Generalized scheme of tooth extraction

The process of extracting any tooth includes the following steps:

Examination and history taking (allergic status, information about the state of health and dentoalveolar apparatus).
Preparation of the surgical field: treatment of the injection site, rinsing the mouth with an antiseptic.
Anesthesia.
Detachment of the gums from the tooth with a trowel.
Loosening of the tooth with forceps.
Extraction of the tooth from the socket.
Treatment of the hole with an antiseptic.
Stop bleeding with tamponade.

According to this scheme, a simple removal is carried out. In some situations, for example, when pulling out a wisdom tooth or a heavily damaged molar, a complex extraction is required. Its main difference is that in addition to forceps, the dentist uses a drill for sawing bone tissue or sawing the root into pieces, a chisel, a hammer and other dental instruments.

Wisdom tooth extraction scheme

How is a decayed tooth removed?

The process of removing a tooth is a simple dental operation. The difficulty increases when you need to remove the root of a tooth that is completely destroyed. Factors requiring the intervention of an experienced specialist:

small size of the remaining crown;
condition of the surrounding tissues;
the location of the remaining hard tissues of the tooth under the upper edge of the gum;
defects of the gums, roots.

It affects the complexity of the operation and whether the position of the upper or lower jaw belongs. In the upper jaw, the walls of the holes are longer and thicker, respectively, the teeth are removed from them with great difficulty - a highly qualified dentist is needed to perform the manipulation.

Wisdom teeth, from which only the root remains, are removed in the same way as ordinary molars, but in some patients healing after such an intervention is very painful.

How the tooth root is removed is shown in the video:

Examination and preparation

The procedure begins with a thorough examination and preparation of the patient. At his first visit to the clinic, the doctor will take an x-ray and examine the oral cavity.

determine the condition of the tooth, assess the extent of destruction;
clarify the presence of allergies, contraindications, inflammation;
choose the method of anesthesia;
draw up a plan of operation;
prepare tools.

A drill, tongs, a set of elevators are used as tools for removing a rotten tooth root (photo).

A prerequisite is the hygienic treatment of adjacent tissues. Pulling out is possible only after the removal of stones and plaque from the molars, incisors or canines surrounding the surgical field. Immediately before extraction, the oral cavity is treated with a solution of Chlorhexidine.

Anesthesia

There are cases when the dentin is destroyed gradually, without inflammation, without the appearance of rot. In such situations, painless root removal is possible without the use of painkillers, however, anesthesia is more often used.

The choice of the drug is carried out taking into account:

age;
allergic status;
the presence of somatic diseases;
individual intolerance to drugs;
the presence of chronic diseases: epilepsy, diabetes mellitus;
complexity of the upcoming operation.

The patient must notify the dentist about all deviations before the procedure. In most cases, the root of the tooth is removed under local anesthesia - one or two injections for the incisors, 2 to 4 injections in the gum for the molars. But if two teeth have collapsed, or the jaw is to be opened, the patient receives general anesthesia - he will sleep until the doctor finishes pulling out the tooth.

Features of anesthesia of a tooth with a rotten root

An anesthetic injection is given to the site of the projection of the dental roots. But if the medicine is injected into the rotten area, it may not work, and the person will be hurt during the extraction process.

Treatment of patients with rotten roots is carried out in two stages. On the first visit, the dentist anesthetizes the gum, dissects it and cleanses it of pus. During the second visit, anesthesia is repeated and the doctor removes the root that has rotted inside the gum.

How to remove a tooth, if only the root remains, the doctor decides. Usually start with the use of forceps. Even if the destroyed roots remain under the gum, the holes do not completely overgrow - the dentist can gently pick up the remnants of hard tissues and easily pull them out.

If the tooth has crumbled to the very base, it is pulled out with an elevator. Having inserted the instrument between the gum and dentin, the doctor presses on the handle and performs rotational movements of small amplitude. As a result, the periodontal fibers are shifted, and the root is squeezed out of the hole.

A drill is used when hard tissues of a molar tooth need to be crushed before removal. With properly performed anesthesia, such a procedure is painless, discomfort is possible only when the gum is already healing.

Removal of inflammation

When a rotten root is removed, an inflammatory process is often detected. So that the wound is safely overgrown and does not fester, it is customary to treat it with an antiseptic. But one treatment will not provide proper prevention, so an anti-inflammatory drug is placed in a fresh hole. With it, the hole will heal faster, and the patient will be less likely to get alveolitis.

Suturing

To extract the root system, the doctor separates and lifts the soft tissue flaps; they can only be attached back by suturing. It is customary to tighten the edges of the holes with threads during double or triple removal, when a significant part of the gum has undergone preparation. This is done so that the affected area is overgrown faster and does not cause discomfort to the patient.

If fragments of the root remain in the hole

If the contraction of the edges of the wound was performed with catgut, the patient's treatment can be considered completed. If a non-absorbable material was used, the patient will have to return to the dentist for suture removal after a week. During this time, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the gums, your own feelings and notify the doctor if:

This means that small fragments of tooth tissue rot in the hole, which could go unnoticed during extraction. The doctor must prescribe the patient a second X-ray, check the quality of the operation and find out the cause of the ailment. Inaction is fraught with the development of alveolitis (inflammation of the hole), osteomyelitis, phlegmon and other serious diseases.

How is the removal of a rotten tooth root with preservation of the crown

A tooth in which only the root remains is not always pulled out entirely. For example, if an inflammatory process develops at the root apex, but the tooth itself can still be saved, the root apex is resected - partial removal.

The procedure is carried out after filling the canals, under local anesthesia. The operation is simple and lasts no more than half an hour. Its main stages:

Collection of anamnesis.
Preparation of the operating field.
Anesthesia.
Cutting the gums to access the root.
exfoliation of soft tissues.
Cutting a "window" in the bone.
Cutting off the inflamed area of the root with a granuloma or cyst.
Laying in the cavity of drugs that stimulate the growth of bone tissue.
Suturing.

What to do after removal

After any surgical intervention, you should follow all the recommendations of the dentist, as well as:

do not eat within 2 hours after manipulation;
cool the soft tissues of the face in the projection of the removed root;
stop smoking for two days;
take prescribed pain medication;
make antiseptic applications;
check if other teeth are crumbling.

Sometimes, after a complex extraction, dentists prescribe antibiotics to patients. This appointment cannot be ignored - after a tooth is pulled out of the hole, a focus of infection is formed in it, which can only be extinguished with the help of drugs.

The following video schematically shows the different extraction methods for incisors, canines, molars and premolars of the mandible and maxilla.