K. D. Ushinsky “Alien Egg”

Early in the morning, old lady Daria got up, chose a dark, secluded place in the chicken coop, put a basket there, where thirteen eggs were laid out on soft hay, and sat the Corydalis on them. It was just getting light, and the old woman did not notice that the thirteenth egg was greenish and smaller than the others. The hen sits diligently, warming her testicles; runs off to peck some grains, drink some water - and is back where she was: she even faded, poor thing. And she became so angry: she hisses, cackles, she doesn’t even let the cockerel come, but he really wanted to see what was going on there in the dark corner. The hen sat there for about three weeks, and the chicks began to hatch from the eggs one after another: they would peck the shell with their nose, jump out, shake themselves off and begin to run around, rake up the dust with their legs, look for worms.

Later than everyone else, a chick hatched from a greenish egg. And how strange he came out, round, fluffy, yellow, with short legs, and a wide nose. “I’ve got a strange chicken,” the hen thinks, “and it pecks and doesn’t walk like us; wide nose, short legs, kind of clubfooted, swaying from one foot to the other.” The hen marveled at her chick, but no matter what it was, it was still a son. And the chicken loves and takes care of him, like the others, and if she sees a hawk, then, fluffing up her feathers and spreading her round wings wide, she hides her chickens under herself, without distinguishing what kind of legs each has.

The hen began to teach the children how to dig worms out of the ground, and took her whole family to the shore of the pond: there were more worms there and the earth was softer. As soon as the short-legged chicken saw the water, it jumped straight into it. The chicken screams, flaps its wings, rushes to the water; the chickens were also worried: they were running, fussing, squeaking; and one cockerel, in fright, even jumped up on a pebble, stretched out his neck and for the first time in his life yelled in a hoarse voice: “Ku-ku-re-ku!” Help me please good people, brother is drowning! But the brother did not drown, but joyfully and easily, like a piece of cotton paper, he swam through the water, scooping up the water with his wide, webbed paws. At the hen’s cry, old Daria ran out of the hut, saw what was happening, and shouted: “Oh, what a sin! Apparently, I blindly put a duck egg under the chicken.”

And the chicken was eager to get to the pond: they could force the poor thing away.

Listen to the story by K. D. Ushinsky “Alien Egg.” Were all the eggs the chicken sat on the same? What was the greenish egg chicken like? How was he different from other chickens? What did this strange chicken do when he saw the pond? Why did the chicken start screaming and rushing towards the pond? Who was this strange chicken? Who did you like most in the story?

K. D. Ushinsky “Cockerel with his family”

A cockerel walks around the yard: there is a red comb on its head and a red beard under its nose. Petya's nose is a chisel, Petya's tail is a wheel; there are patterns on the tail, spurs on the legs. With his paws, Petya rakes the pile, calls the hens and chicks together: “Crested hens! Busy housewives! Motley-pockmarked! Little black and white! Gather together with the chickens, with the little kids: I’ve saved you some grain!”

The hens and chicks gathered and cackled; If they didn’t share the grain, they got into a fight.

Petya the cockerel does not like unrest - now he has reconciled his family: one for the crest, that for the cowlick, he ate the grain himself, flew up the fence, flapped his wings, screamed cuckoo-cuckoo at the top of his lungs!

Questions to discuss with children

How does K. D. Ushinsky describe the cockerel in his story “Cockerel with his Family”? What kind of comb does he have, what kind of beard, what kind of nose, what kind of tail? What's on the cockerel's tail? What patterns can a cockerel have on its tail? What's on the rooster's legs? How does a cockerel call his family together? How does a cockerel restore order in his family? Did you like the cockerel? Draw it. What will the cockerel have the brightest, most beautiful?

M. Zoshchenko “Smart Bird”

One boy was walking in the forest and found a nest. And in the nest sat tiny naked chicks. And they squeaked.

They were probably waiting for their mother to fly in and feed them worms and flies.

The boy was glad that he had found such nice chicks, and wanted to take one to bring home.

As soon as he extended his hand to the chicks, suddenly some feathered bird fell from the tree like a stone at his feet.

She fell and lies in the grass.

The boy wanted to grab this bird, but it jumped a little, hopped on the ground and ran away to the side.

Then the boy ran after her. “Probably,” he thinks, “this bird hurt its wing, and that’s why it can’t fly.”

As soon as the boy approached this bird, it jumped again, jumped on the ground and again ran away a little.

The boy follows her again. The bird flew up a little and sat down in the grass again.

Then the boy took off his hat and wanted to cover the bird with this hat.

As soon as he ran up to her, she suddenly took off and flew away.

The boy was really angry with this bird. And he quickly went back to take at least one chick.

And suddenly the boy sees that he has lost the place where the nest was, and cannot find it.

Then the boy realized that this bird had deliberately fallen from the tree and was deliberately running on the ground in order to take the boy away from its nest.

Questions to discuss with children

What birds do you know? Where do birds build their nests? Why?

Did you like M. Zoshchenko's story? What is it called? Who did you like better in the story - the boy or the bird? Why? Tell me how the boy found a nest on the ground. Why was he happy? How did the bird manage to save its chicks?

I. S. Turgenev “Sparrow”

I was returning from hunting and walking along the garden alley. The dog ran ahead of me.

Suddenly she slowed down her steps and began to sneak; as if sensing game in front of him.

I looked along the alley and saw a young sparrow with yellowness around its beak and down on its head. He fell from the nest (the wind strongly shook the birch trees of the alley) and sat motionless, helplessly spreading his barely sprouted wings.

My dog ​​was slowly approaching him, when suddenly, falling from a nearby tree, an old black-breasted sparrow fell like a stone in front of her muzzle - and all disheveled, distorted, with a desperate and pitiful squeak, he jumped twice in the direction of the toothy, open mouth.

He rushed to save, he shielded his brainchild... but everything was his small body trembled with horror, his voice grew wild and hoarse, he froze, he sacrificed himself!

What a huge monster the dog must have seemed to him! And yet he could not sit on his high, safe branch... A force stronger than his will threw him out of there.

My Trezor stopped, backed away... Apparently, he recognized this power.

I hastened to call the embarrassed dog away and left in awe.

Yes, don't laugh. I was in awe of that small, heroic bird, of its loving impulse.

Love, I thought stronger than death and fear of death. Only by her, only by love does life hold and move.

Issues for discussion

Listen to the story of I. S. Turgenev “Sparrow”. Who is this story about? Who did the dog notice? Tell me what the sparrow was like. Was it an old or a young sparrow? What happened to him?

What did the dog do when he smelled the sparrow? Who saved the young sparrow from big dog? What did the old sparrow do? Was he scared? Why did he rush to protect his cub? How did the story end? Who did you like best in the story? Why?

K. D. Ushinsky “Swallow”

The killer whale swallow did not know peace, it flew all day long, carried straws, sculpted with clay, made a nest. She made a nest for herself: she carried testicles. I applied it to the testicles: it doesn’t come off the testicles, it’s waiting for the kids. I hatched the babies: the babies squeaked and wanted to eat. The killer whale flies all day long, knows no peace: catches midges, feeds the crumbs.

The inevitable time will come, the babies will fledge, they will all fly apart, beyond the blue seas, beyond the dark forests, beyond the high mountains. The killer whale swallow does not know peace: day after day it keeps on the prowl, looking for cute children.

Issues for discussion

Listen to the story of K. D. Ushinsky “Swallow”. Why does a swallow fly all day long and never find rest? What was the swallow doing? What is the name of the swallow in the story? How do you understand the words: “The time will come, the chicks will fledge...”?

N. Romanova “Smart Crow”

When I walk down the street now, I look carefully at the birds that are sitting on fences or running along paths. That’s why I immediately noticed the crow that I’ll tell you about now. She was unusual. Crows are generally different from other birds. They are like the “scientists” among them. The head is large, the beak is important. And they walk and do not jump like sparrows.

The crow I noticed seemed to me to have a damaged wing. And suddenly I see a cat coming out of the basement. The cat has cunning eyes, she sees everything, understands everything.

Now, I think, I too will see how birds and cats live in the wild.

There are sparrows jumping next to the cat, but the cat does not pay attention to them. Of course, this is a yard cat, she’s not like my Kotka - she won’t chase birds in vain. She knows that no matter how many birds jump nearby, it is still very difficult to catch them.

Another thing is a crow with a broken wing. You can catch this crow. I saw that the cat fell to the ground and began to sneak around. Only the crow also sees the cat, and this is what she came up with: the crow comes straight to me, saying, protect me, don’t give me offense, drive the cat away. Then the cat realized that I wouldn’t let her catch the crow, she stopped sneaking around and pretended that she didn’t need the crow at all.

Apparently, all cats know how to assume indifference! After all, my Kotka put on exactly the same indifferent look when he wanted me to leave him and the cannon Vanechka alone.

And the crow began to climb the tree. Jump, jump, the sick wing gets in the way, but quietly, calmly, higher and higher... she climbed a tree, settled comfortably among the branches and sits there, dozing. In a dream, all diseases disappear. Maybe the crow will be healthy when it wakes up.

Issues for discussion

What does a crow look like? What color is it? What does a crow eat? How does a crow scream? Where can you most often find a crow: in the city or in the forest?

Did you like N. Romanova’s story “Smart Crow”? Who is this story about? How are crows different from other birds? What was unusual about this crow? Who wanted to catch a crow with a broken wing? How did the cat behave when it saw the crow? What did the crow come up with to escape from the cat? Who did you like in this story: the cat or the crow?

V. Bianchi “The rooks discovered spring”

Large flocks of rooks appeared in villages everywhere. The rooks spent the winter in the south of our country. They were in a hurry to come to our north - to their homeland. On the way, they more than once found themselves in severe snowstorms. Dozens, hundreds of birds were exhausted and died on the way.

The strongest ones arrived first. Now they are resting. They strut along the roads and pick the ground with their strong noses...

Issues for discussion

What birds are the first to arrive in our region in the spring? Where do they spend the winter? Listen to V. Bianchi's story about rooks. What happened to the rooks on the way? Which rooks flew first? What are they doing now? What are rooks looking for in the ground?

Maria Mochalova
List of works fiction for reading to children lexical topics. Senior preschool age(part 2)

Topic: Winter quarters for animals

1. S. Kozlov “How a hedgehog and a bear cub wiped the stars”

2. N. Sladkov "Bear and the Sun"

3. A. Milne "Winnie the Pooh and all-all-all"

4. V. Shulzhik “Polar Bear”

5. V. Bianchi "Bathing bear cubs"

6. E. Charushin "Teddy Bear"

7. I. Sokolov-Nikitov “Bear Family”, “Bears”

8. R. n. with "Bear Lime Leg"

9. R. N. With. "The Old Man and the Bear"

10. I. Sokolov-Nikitov “In the den”

Topic: Trees in winter

1. N. Pavlova “Trees in winter”

2. Kaplan “Trees in a Winter Dream”

3. Pushkin “Winter Morning”

4. Ostrovsky “Winter Forest”, “Trees in Winter”

5. M. Prishvin “It’s Cold for Aspen Trees”

6. S. Yesenin “Birch”

7. Brothers Grimm “Three Lucky Men”

8. R. n. With. The Tale of the Rejuvenating Apple Tree and Living Water"

9. S. Voronin. "Blue Spruce", "Bird's Pantry"

10. P. Solovyova “Rowan”.

Topic: Animals of hot countries. Animals of cold countries.

1. B. Zakhoder “Turtle”, “Giraffe”.

2. Tajik fairy tale “Tiger and Fox”

3. K. Chukovsky “Turtle”

4. D. R. Kipling stories from the book “The Jungle Book”

5. B. Zhitkov “About an elephant.”

6. N. Sladkov “In the Ice”.

7. E. Charushin “Elephant”, Monkeys.”

8. L. Tolstoy “The Lion and the Dog.”

9. L. Rozhkovsky “In the menagerie”, “Three crocodiles”, “Long neck”.

10. V. Stepanov “Tiger”.

11. D. Rodovich “Crocodile”.

12. M. Moskvina “What happened to the crocodile.”

13. Yu. Dmitriev “The Little Camel and the Donkey.”

14. A. I. Kuprin “Elephant”

15. S. Baruzdin “Camel”.

16. Khmelnitsky “Caterpillar and Crocodile”

17. B. S. Zhitkov “How an elephant saved its owner from a tiger.”

Topic: Tools

1. “Bad hammer and unruly nails.”

2. Marshak, “What types of hammers are there?”

1. 3. S. Black “Screwdriver”.

2. M. Shapiro “Needle and thread.”

3. The fairy tale “About a needle and a naughty thread.”

4. Fairy tale “How the fingers argued over who should wear the thimble.”

5. R. Boyko “Our Army is dear”

6. And Shamov “At the Far Frontier”

7. A. Zharov “Border Guard”

8. Fairy tale “Porridge from an axe.”

Topic: End of winter 1. I. Nikitin “Winter Magician”. S. Ivanov “What snow can be like.”

2. R. Snegirev “Overnight in winter.”

3. V. Sukhomlinsky “Bird's Pantry”, “How the Squirrel Herded the Woodpecker”, “Curious Woodpecker”, What kind of woodpeckers there are.”

4. Sokolov-Mikitov “Capercaillie”.

5. F. Tyutchev “The Enchantress in Winter.”

6. S. Kozlov “Winter's Tale”

7. K. D. Ushinsky “Wind and Sun”.

8. N. Nekrasov It’s not the wind that rages over the forest “Winter fun”.

9. S. Marshak “12 months” fairy tale.

10. I. Surikov “Winter”

11. V. Dal “Old Year Old”

12. A. S. Pushkin “Behind the beauty of nature in spring” (times

13. B. Grimm “White and Rosette”

Topic: My family. Human.

1. G. Brailovskaya “Our mothers, our fathers.”

2. V. Oseeva “Just an old lady.”

3. I am Segel “How I was a mother.”

4. P. Voronko “Help Boy”

5. D. Gabe “My Family”.

6. And Barto “Vovka is a kind soul”

7. R. n. With. "Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka."

8. L. N. Tolstoy “Old Grandfather and Granddaughter.”

9. E. Blaginina “Alyonushka”.

Topic: House and its parts. Furniture.

1. Y. Tuvim “Table”.

2. S. Marshak “Where did the table come from?”

4. Fairy tale adapted by A. Tolstoy “Three Fat Men”.

5. A. Lindgren “Carlson, who lives on the roof” (first chapter)

Theme: Pisces

1. A. S. Pushkin “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish.”

2. N. Nosov “Karasik”

3. R. n. With. “At the behest of the pike”, “Little fox-sister and the gray wolf”.

4. G. -H. Andersen "The Little Mermaid".

5. E. Permyak “The First Fish”.

6. L. N. Tolstoy “Shark”.

7. V. Danko “Tadpole”.

8. O. Grigoriev “Catfish”

9. B. Zakhoder “The Whale and the Cat.”

Topic: Toys. Russian folk toy.

1. B. Zhitkov “What I saw.”

2. With Marshak “Ball”

3. A. Barto “Rope”, “Toys”.

4. V. Kataev “Flower - seven flowers”

5. E. Serova “Bad Story.”

6. V. Dragunsky “Childhood Friend”

Topic: Professions.

1. J. Rodari “What color is the craft?” What do crafts smell like?”

2. I am Akim “Neumeyka”.

3. A. Shibarev “Mailbox”.

4. V. V. Mayakovsky “Who to be”

5. S. Mikhalkov “What do you have?”

6. K Chukovsky “Doctor Aibolit”

7. R. n. With. Seven Semeons - seven workers"

8. C. Pierrot “Cinderella”

9. G. H. Anderson "The Swineherd"

10. G. Srebitsky “Four Artists”

Topic: Defenders of the Fatherland. Military professions.

1. O. Vysotskaya “My brother went to the border”, “At the TV”.

2. A. Tvardovsky “The Tankman’s Tale.”

3. Alexandrova “Watch”.

4. L. Kassil “Your defenders.”

Topic: Houseplants.

1. V. Kataev “Seven-flowered flower”

2. S. T. Aksakov “The Scarlet Flower”.

3. G. -H. Andersen "Thumbelina".

1. M. Motherland “Mina’s hands.”

2. E. Blaginina “Mother’s Day”, “Let’s Sit in Silence”, “Dandelion”, “Spring”

3. J. Rodari “What do crafts smell like?”

4. E. Permyak “Mom’s work”

5. V. Sukhomlinsky “My mother smells of bread”, “Forest in spring”

6. L. Kvitko “Grandma’s hands.”

7. S. Mikhalkov “What do you have?”

8. N. Nekrasov “Grandfather Mazai and the Hares.”

9. I. Tyutchev “Winter is angry for a reason”

10. S. Marshak “All Year Round”

11. G. Skrebitsky “April”, “March”.

12. V. Bianchi “Three Springs”, “April”

13. “The Story of the Snowman”

14. G. Ladonshchikov “Helpers of Spring”

15. I. Sokolov-Mikitov In early spring", "Forest Pictures", "Spring in the Forest"

16. M. Prishvin “Spring in the forest”, “What color is spring?”, “Trees in captivity”

17. N. Sladkov “Bear and the Sun”, “Spring Streams”, “Flower Lover”, “Flight of Flowers”

18. W. Stewart “Snowdrop”

19. I. Lopukhina “Helper”

20. G. Armand - Tkachenko “The Beginning of Spring”

21. P. Radimov “March”

22. N. Plavinovshchikov “Drips, thawed patches”

23. O. Vysotskaya “Conversation with Spring”, “Mimosa”

24. “Twelve Months” (Slavic fairy tale)

25. fairy tale “Spring Song”

26. E. Shim “Stone, stream, icicle and sun”

27. I. Tokmakova “Spring”

28. V. Bianki How animals and birds welcome spring"

29. “Carlson, who lives on the roof, has arrived again” (abbreviated chapters, translated from Swede L. Lungina

30. Russian folk tale"Zayushkina's hut"

31. S. Aksakov “The Scarlet Flower”

32. P. Solovyova “Snowdrop”

Topic: Arrival of birds

1. I. Sokolov-Mikitov “Over the Swamp”, “Heron”

2. N. Sladkov “Birds Brought Spring”, “Serious Bird”, “Cuckoo Years”

3. V. Chaplin “The Rooks Have Arrived”, “Birds in Our Forest”

4. V. Bianchi “Masters without an axe”, “Rooks discovered spring”

5. M. Prishvin “Talking Rook”

6. V. A. Sukhomlinsky “How the sparrows waited for the sun”

7. K. Betelnykh “Cranes”, “Sterkh”, “Oriole”

8. A. Prokofiev “Spring Telegram”, “Rooks”

9. A. Krylov “The Cuckoo and the Rooster”

10. N. Batsanova “Cuckoo”

12. Army of Grimm “King Thrush”

13. R. n. With. Tricky Science"

14. Fairy tale “Spring of white and blue”

15. B. Asanalis “Colors of Spring”

16. W. Stewart “Spring has come”

17. V. Flint. "Birds"

18. V. Permyak “Bird houses”

19. V. Chaplin “Birds in our forest”

20. “Cuckoo” Nenets fairy tale

21. Y. Akim “Spring”

22. A. A. Pleshcheev “Swallow”, “Spring”

23. G. Glukhov “Bird troubles”.

24. Slovak fairy tale “Visiting the Sun”

25. S. Yesenin White Birch"

26. S. Osipov “Bird’s dining room”.

27. Arranged by S. Marshak “The Agile Swallow”

28. N. Nosov “Knock-knock-knock”

29. N. Romanova “The Cat and the Bird”.

30. “Geese Swans” b. n. With

Subject: Mail.

1. S. Marshak “Mail”.

2. J. Rodari “What color is the craft?”

3. “What do crafts smell like?”

4. I am Akim “Neumeyka”.

5. A. Shibarev “Mailbox”.

Topic: Construction. Professions, machines and mechanisms.

1. S. Baruzdin “Who built this house?”

3. M. Pozharova “Painters”

4. G. Lyushnin “Builders”

5. E. Permyak “Mom’s work.”

Topic: Tableware

1. A. Gaidar “Blue Cup”.

2. K. Chukovsky “Fedorino’s grief”, “Fly-Tsokotukha”, “Moidodyr”

3. Br. Grimm "Pot of Porridge".

4. R. n. With. "Fox and Crane"

5. L. Berg “Pete and the Sparrow”

6. R. n. With. "Three Bears"

7. “The Tale of the Cup”

8. “How Alenka broke the cup”

9. G. Gorbovsky “At dinner”, “Wooden spoon”.

10. Z. Aleksandrova “About a saucepan”, “Big spoon”

Topic: Space. Cosmonautics Day.

1. A. Barto “Rope”.

2. S. Ya. Marshak “The Story of an Unknown Hero.”

3. Yu. A. Gagarin “I see the earth.”

Topic: Insects.

1. V. Bianchi “The Adventure of an Ant.”

2. I. A. Krylov “Dragonfly and Ant.”

3. K. Ushinsky “Cabbage Girl”

4. Yu. Arakcheev “A story about a green country.”

5. Y. Moritz “Happy Bug”.

6. V. Lunin “Beetle”

7. V. Bryusov “Green Worm”.

8. N. Sladkov “House Butterfly”

9. I. Maznin “Spider”.

Topic: Food.

1. I. Tokmakova “Porridge”

2. Z. Aleksandrova “Delicious porridge.”

3. E. Moshkovskaya “Masha and porridge”

4. M. Plyatskovsky “Who likes what.”

5. V. Oseeva “Cookies”.

6. R. n. With. "Pot of Porridge"

Topic: Victory Day.

1. S. Alekseev “The first night ram”, “Home”

2. M. Isakovsky “A Red Army soldier is buried here.”

3. A. Tvardovsky “The Tankman’s Tale.”

4. A. Mityaev “Bag of Oatmeal”, “Victory Day”

5. M. Isakovsky “Remember forever.”

6. S. Baruzdin “Glory”.

7. K. Simonov “Son of an Artilleryman.”

8. L. Serova “Grandfather’s Galosh”

9. B. Zakhoder Gray Star

10. V. Oseeva “Battering Ram”, “Forest Partisans”, “Which Is Easier”, Direct Fire”

11. V. Stepanov “Holiday”

12. A. Smirnov “Who was in the war”

13. V. Lebedev – Kumach “We are brave people”

Topic: Our Motherland Russia. Moscow is capital of Russia.

1. A. Prokofiev “Motherland”.

2. Z. Aleksandrova “Motherland”.

3. M. Yu. Lermontov “Motherland”

4. S. Baruzdin “For the Motherland.”

Topic: School. School supplies.

1. V. Berestov “Reader”.

2. L. Voronkova “Girlfriends go to school.”

3. S. Ya. Marshak “The first day of the calendar.”

4. V. Oseeva “The Magic Word”.

5. L. N. Tolstoy “Philipok”.

Topic: Electrical Appliances

1. “A tale about how electrical appliances in a store quarreled”

2. “The Story of the Sun and the Electric Lamp”

3. Fairy tale “Iron and Dress”

4. Barsik the cat and the washing machine.”

5. "Burnt Cookies"

6. “Chandelier - arrogant”

7. A. Maslennikova “Vacuum Cleaner”

8. “I’m a teapot – a grump”

9. N. Nosov “Telephone”

Topic: Summer, summer clothes, shoes, hats.

1. K. Ushinsky “Four Wishes.”

2. A. Pleshcheev “Old Man”

3. E. Blaginina “Dandelion”.

4. Z. Aleksandrova “Sarafan”.

5. V. A. Zhukovsky “Summer Evening”.

Topic: Musical instruments

1. The Brothers Grimm "Musicians of Bremen"

2. “How many pipes are there?”

3. “Flute and the Wind”

4. Edie Fireflower “Fipe” “Tambourine”, Cymbals” “Skipka”

5. In Semerin “Music lives everywhere”

6. Yu. V. Gurin “Musical Cat”

An entertaining tale about wintering and migratory birds“How Sparrow looked for Africa”, and also funny educational films for children about migratory and wintering birds, pictures and speech games.

like a sparrow looking for Africa

— Dear mothers, fathers, grandparents, teachers! I recommend dividing this fairy tale and your “home” or “non-home” activities, conversations or games with children into two parts. And not read these parts of the tale one after another in one day, and take a break for several days. Why?

But our task is completely different - to awaken interest in knowledge and develop the child’s abilities! And for this, the child needs not just a computer monitor, but needs a main figure - a mediator - an adult who will help him see the relationships in the film, comprehend them, look at them in a new way. known facts, to be surprised by it, to build prospects for the future - what else do I want to know and what else do I want to learn. Without communication with you, the child will not be able to do this, which means that another opportunity in his advancement and development will be missed.

—When reading the first part of a fairy tale about migratory birds, it will be good if you show the countries to which the birds fly on a map or on a globe. To make it easier for the baby to estimate the distance they cover migratory birds, show him the distance to those cities and places where he has already been and where he traveled by train or flew by plane. Birds most often fly much further than these places, and they have neither a train nor a plane, but only wings. And they fly in any weather!

Section 1. Introduction to the tale of the birds. Meet Chick the Sparrow

Today I want to introduce you to my friend. And here he is. Do you hear?

"Hello guys. Nice to meet you. My name is Chick. And my last name is Chirik. That’s why everyone calls me that – Chik-Tchirik. Mom and dad tell me that when I grow up, everyone will call me as an adult, by my first name and patronymic - Chik Chirikych Chirik. You probably guessed what I like to do most? Of course, sit on a branch and sing funny songs: “Chick-chirp, chick-chirp, chick-chirkych, chick-chirk.”

You probably saw me on the street when walking with mom and dad. I am a little bird, grey, cheerful, active and very nimble. I jump from place to place all the time. Yes, I also love to jump. But I don’t like to walk and I don’t know how. I have short legs, it’s more convenient for me to jump than to walk.

They even wrote a riddle about me.”

Have you guessed who I am? I'm little Sparrow. The riddle specifically says about the boy so that you wouldn’t guess that I’m a bird. It's like I'm a boy. When I grow up they will call me “Sparrow”. In the meantime, I’m little, Mom Sparrow and Dad Sparrow affectionately call me “little sparrow.” And try to guess what they say.

Speech exercise “Call me kindly”

Formation of words with diminutive suffixes

• They say that when I grow up I will have wings. In the meantime, I have little ones -...? (Wings).
• When I grow up, I will have a beak. And now I have a small...? (beak).
• When I become an adult sparrow, I will have big eyes, but now I have small ones... ? Eyes. I will have big feathers, but now I have small ones -... ? (Feathers)
• When I get big I will have a head, but now I have... ? (Head, head).
• When I become a big sparrow, I will have a big tail, but now I have a small one... ? (tail)
• I really like to invent different fairy tales. Here is one of my tales about our chirpy sparrow life.

Part 2. Migratory birds

2.1. Where do migratory birds fly in the fall?

I lived and lived in the summer, I didn’t grieve. And then suddenly autumn came, it became cold. Grandfather Sparrow told me that in the fall birds fly to Africa. It’s warm there, there’s a lot of food, and that’s where they spend the winter. How I wanted to find this Africa too and look at it at least with one eye! So I decided to fly to Africa and jumped out to look for it. I think it’s a simple matter to get to Africa. Now I will find migratory birds and fly with them.

Jump-jump, jump-jump, chirp-tweet, chik-tweet. And then I see - starlings They have gathered in a flock, are discussing something, and are planning to fly south. They keep the council - they decide who will fly after whom. And they talk to each other interestingly, as if they were saying “so-so”, “so-so”, “but now it’s not like that”, “like that”! How amazing! Now I’ll ask them about Africa and I’ll fly to Africa with them!

“Take me with you to Africa!” I say. And the oldest starling answers me:

- We’re not flying to Africa! We are going to Turkmenistan. It's also warm there in winter. First our kids will fly. They fly slowly, so they fly out first. And then we are old people. We are flying fast and will catch up with them. You ask other birds, maybe one of them is flying to Africa?

— Why are you flying away for the winter?

- There is no food here. And it’s warm there and there’s plenty of food. We fly because of the food! When spring comes, we'll come back.

- But how will we, sparrows, live in winter?

So you have food - fly to the village or to the city, there you will feed yourself with crumbs.

“Okay,” I think. “I’ll jump, fly, and chirp further.” Maybe I’ll find some other travel companions.”

Then a bird flew up to me - lentils and asks: “Where are you going, Sparrow? Why are you fussing today, jumping and flying and chirping with everyone?” Lentil is the name of this bird. It even turns out smoothly, like in poetry: a bird is a lentil! I love. And you?

“Yes, I want to fly to Africa, I’m looking for travel companions, otherwise it’s too cold here. Will you take me with you?"

“But we lentil birds don’t fly to Africa and don’t know the way there. We are flying to India for the winter. We’ll spend the winter there in the warmth and return back.”

- Tick-tweet, hello! Can I fly to Africa with you?

“We don’t fly to Africa for the winter,” answered the ducks. – We are flying closer to Europe, some to England, some to France, some to Holland. It's not Africa, of course, but it's warmer than here. We can't stay here. Soon all the rivers and lakes will freeze - how can we live here? But when spring comes, the ice melts, we will return.

“Yes... I’ll have to look for other travel companions,” I thought and continued jumping. He pecked the grain and flew off to look for fellow travelers.

Who is that sitting on the branch? My grandfather, the sparrow, told me about them that they fly to Africa for the winter and live well there in the winter!

- Aunt Cuckoo! Aunt Cuckoo!

- This is news! Sparrow! Why did you come here? I was already planning to fly to Africa.

- Aunt Cuckoo! Take me with you to Africa! I can fly!

- How can I take you with me? We cuckoos never fly to Africa together. Only one at a time. We don’t even take our children with us. First we will fly away ourselves, and they will remain here - they are still fed by their parents, to whom we threw the cuckoos. And time will pass, and after us our grown-up cuckoos will fly to Africa. And also one at a time.

- How do the cuckoos know the way?

- And this is our secret. Nobody knows her. And you find other birds that fly in flocks to Africa. They will take you with them.

And here is a flock of birds - warblers Yes flycatchers. You have already guessed why flycatchers are called that way: flycatchers are dexterous. Because they…? That's right, they catch flies! And not only flies, but also other insects. They are definitely flying to Africa.

-Where are you going?

- To Africa.

- Hooray! I want to go to Africa too! Where is this Africa?

- Far beyond the sea. Very far. It takes a lot of strength to reach it.

- Take me with you. What is the sea? Can I fly over it?

-Can you fly at night?

- No, I sleep at night.

- And we only fly at night. Otherwise the hawks and falcons will catch us. And you don’t even need to fly with us. We are migratory birds, and you are a wintering bird. You need to spend the winter here. Flying is a very dangerous business. Hurricanes, cold rains, and predators await us ahead. In the fog you can lose your way or crash into rocks. Not all of us will return here in the spring. And during the winter we don’t sing songs or build nests. When we come back in the spring, we’ll sing songs for you and hatch out the chicks. If there were flies, bugs, and other insects for food here in winter, we would stay here and not fly away. And here we have nowhere to go - we have to fly. Here we will die of hunger in the winter.

“Eh, why can’t I fly at night?” I was upset. I wouldn't be afraid of dangers. We sparrows are very brave! I'll have to stay and look for my Africa here. I’ll go and ask the wintering birds – where is our Africa? And where do they warm themselves and feed in winter?

In the meantime, Sparrow Chick-Chirik goes into the forest to look for wintering birds, let's take a look at the cheerful forest school and, together with fairy-tale characters We’ll find out other forest news and see what other migratory birds are, how and where they travel.

2.2. An entertaining educational film for children about migratory birds

Together with the fairy-tale characters a wolf cub, a cat and a mouse, kids will go to a forest school and learn a lot of interesting things about migratory birds:

• What birds are migratory and why are they called that?
• Why do birds fly away from us in the fall?
• Do the chicks fly away?
• Do birds have their own school with lessons?
• Do birds rest during migration?
• What is the difference between a flock and a wedge?
• Which bird flies to Africa?
• Who is the champion among migratory birds?
• How do scientists study migratory birds? How do they know where the birds fly?

After watching the movie, talk to your child. Ask him questions about the content of the film (the questions given above will help you with this), ask what he liked most about it, what surprised him most, what else he wants to know about migratory birds. Try to find answers to your child's questions in an encyclopedia or on the Internet.

Tell your child that when people did not yet know how to study nature and birds, they often made mistakes. For example, more than 200 years ago there lived a naturalist who believed that birds fly away in the fall... you’ll never guess where :). To the moon!!! And that they hibernate there, and in the spring they return from the Moon. But now, thanks to scientists, people know exactly where each bird flies. Think about how scientists find out. If your child missed this fragment in the film, you can watch it again, using pauses if necessary.

Section 3. Wintering birds

3.1. Getting to know wintering birds

Uffff, I finally got to Aunt Partridge. She probably spends the winter with us and knows where our Africa is, where you can warm up in winter.

— Auntie Partridge, Hello. Our Chik-chirik and greetings to you from my mother Chiriki and from my dad Chirikych. Are you a wintering bird? Are you not flying anywhere?

- Well, it’s wintering, of course. I'm not flying anywhere. I live here in winter. And why should I fly away? I'm fine here!

- How do you live in the cold? Are you cold and hungry? Perhaps you have found Africa here with us?

- Africa? Why do we need Africa? We, the partridges, are not cold at all! By winter we become white as snow. We are not visible in the snow. We are very pleased with this! And our new winter white feathers are much warmer than the summer pockmarked feathers, which is why we don’t freeze. And here's what else we came up with - partridges. For the winter, we put circles on our paws - like snowshoes. They are like real ski poles for us; it’s so comfortable to walk in the snow in these snowshoes! And we don’t even fall into the snow! And we extract food from under the snow with our claws. Why should we fly somewhere if we feel good here too! So I don’t know where your Africa is! And I don’t want to know!

- How can I live in winter? I don’t have white winter feathers and I don’t have snowshoes on my paws either. I'll have to ask someone else. I flew on. I see a parrot sitting on a branch! Not a real one, but a northern parrot. That's what we call crossbills.

- Jumping gallop! Tick-tweet! Hello crossbill! How are you? Don't you dream of Africa?

- I live well. There are a lot of cones around, my house is a warm nest. The chicks will appear in winter, we will feed them spruce porridge from cones. What else do you need? Come live with us on the spruce tree and you will also eat cones.

- Thanks for the invitation! Yes, with my beak I won’t chew the pine cone - I’ll remain hungry. I will fly further to look for my Africa. Someone seems to be ahead and has already noticed me. Oh, how big and scary it must be! I'll fly and meet you.

- Chick-chirp. And who are you?

- I'm a hazel grouse.

- Uncle Ryabchik, how are you spending the winter? Why didn’t they fly to southern countries?

- Why should I fly away? Here I have a fluffy warm snow blanket - I sleep under the snow.

- What will you eat in winter?

“And we are smart birds, we swallow small pebbles, they will grind any food inside us.” So we won’t go hungry - we’ll eat both pine needles and buds from the branches in winter. And you can live with us in winter - eat pebbles, crawl under the snow.

- No, uncle hazel grouse. I won’t crawl under the snow and I won’t eat pebbles. This is not a sparrow's business. I’ll fly further to look for sparrow Africa. Maybe I’ll find Africa from the wood grouse.

- Grandfather Capercaillie! Hello!

— I can’t hear something well. Say it louder!

- Hello, grandfather Capercaillie! Do you know where we have Africa in winter, where you can warm up in the cold and frost?

- How can you not know? I know of course.

-Will you tell me?

- I’ll tell you and even show you. Africa is with us - with wood grouse in a snowdrift! You can't find a better place in Africa!

- What kind of Africa is it if the snow is cold?

“The snow on top is cold, but inside the snowdrift it’s warm and cozy.” We are resting in a snowdrift. Sometimes we sit in it for three days.

- How do you eat?

— We eat little in winter. We'll walk to the tree trunk, fly up onto a branch, and eat the pine needles. Let's eat enough - and again - dive - and into the snow. Let's walk a little forward under the snow so that we won't be found and sleep in peace and warmth. And you come to us - we will find a place for you in the snowdrift.

- Thank you, but we - sparrows - don’t sleep in a snowdrift. We probably have a different Africa.

Want to know if Sparrow has found his Africa? Of course I found it. That's what it is!

It's cold, it's cold!.. The sun doesn't warm.
To Africa, to Africa, birds, quickly!
It's hot in Africa! In winter, like in summer,
In Africa you can walk naked!
Everyone flew over the blue sea...
Only one Chick-Tweet on the fence.
Sparrows jump from branch to branch -
Chik-Chirik is looking for Africa in the garden.
Looking for Africa for his mother,
For both brothers and friends.
He lost sleep, forgot about food -
He is looking, but Africa is not in the garden!
He flew around and searched early in the morning
In the distant forest behind the clearing there is a clearing:
Rain and wind under every bush,
It's chilly and damp under every leaf.
So Chick-Chirik returned with nothing,
Sad, upset, and says:
- Mom, where is our Africa with you?
- Africa?.. Here - behind the chimney! (G. Vasiliev)

So I stayed to live with you guys. And I found my Africa - I warm myself behind the chimney. And thank you for not forgetting about us sparrows in the winter – you put food in the feeders. Without you, we would be completely lost in winter! So I fly near your houses and tweet: “Am I alive? Alive, alive, chirp, chirp, chirp!”

And now I’ll fly to get food for myself. Winter has already come, it has become cold. While it’s light outside, you need to have time to eat your fill, otherwise you’ll freeze at night. Chik-tweet! You guessed it, in sparrow parlance this is called “goodbye.”

And at parting, I will give you riddles - special, sparrow ones.

3.2. Guess the Sparrow's riddles: grammar game

This game develops the child’s linguistic sense, developing the ability to accurately use adjectives in gender, number, and case. The child learns to focus on the endings of adjectives in his speech and to highlight them.

• Is my cozy thing a home or a nest?
• Are my furries feathers or a tail?
• Is my beloved mom or grandpa?
• Is my little one a beak or a head?

If the baby makes a mistake, ask him: “Is that what we say - a cozy home. How do we talk about home? What is he like? Cosy. And what is coziness...?”

A very common mistake children make is when they say something in between that is neither masculine, feminine, nor neuter. For example: “cozy” or “small”. Do not imitate your baby or repeat his mistakes. He needs correct sample. Clearly pronounce the correct endings of adjectives, highlighting them in your voice and ask them to repeat correct option answer.

If the child often makes mistakes, then such a game of riddles should be played with him every day until we consolidate the necessary skills. For example, while walking or on the way to the store, ask riddles, clearly highlighting the endings of words in them: “Guess what I see? White new - is this a window or a house?

Now let's watch a video for children about Chik-Chirik's friends - other birds that spend the winter next to us.

3.3. Educational educational video for children about wintering birds

In this entertaining video lesson for kids in a forest school, children will learn what birds are called wintering birds, see a woodpecker (greater, lesser, yellow and even green woodpecker!), nuthatch, wren and other wintering birds in the forest.

And at the end of the story about migratory and wintering birds, I want to remember and look with you at another old children's fairy tale about birds - about a duck who could not fly away with everyone else. warm countries and stayed to spend the winter in the snowy forest - the fairy tale “The Gray Neck” by D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak.

You can read more about wintering and migratory birds for children:

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"Speech development from 0 to 7 years: what is important to know and what to do. Cheat sheet for parents"

Wintering birds are those birds that, with the arrival of winter, do not fly south, but remain to spend the winter in their native land. Those that fly south are called migratory birds. And there are also nomadic birds. They are called nomads who constantly move from place to place in search of food. Nomadic birds can be found both in winter and summer. But most often we see them in winter. Why? Yes, because in winter, in search of food, birds constantly huddle close to human habitation. Therefore, in winter you can see wintering and migrating birds. All of them can be called hibernating.

And what birds stay for the winter? It would seem that the answer to this question is clear. Those who are able to withstand the cold remain. But that's not at all main reason. Only well-fed birds can tolerate the cold. Therefore, only those birds remain that are able to find food for themselves in winter. Those that feed on insects will not be able to feed themselves in winter. All insects disappear during cold weather. Some hide in warm and secluded places. Most insects simply die, having previously left a sufficient supply of eggs. So the birds are forced to fly to those regions where there is no winter and there is enough food. Only those who eat seeds, grains, and berries remain to spend the winter. But it’s not easy for them either.

For birds, winter is a very difficult time of year. The poor birds are hungry and cold. Because of the cold, winter birds lose a lot of heat. In order to keep warm, birds need to eat a lot, and in winter they need much more food than in summer. Finding food is the main activity for birds in winter. It gets dark quickly, and in the dark there is no food to be found. Therefore, from dawn to dark, birds search for food in winter. And whoever remains hungry will disappear at night and freeze! “A well-fed person is not afraid of frosts” - this can be said about birds.

And yet, in severe frosts, winter birds feel very bad. Especially when the frost is prolonged. Many fairy tales of northern peoples say: “It was so cold that the birds froze in flight.”

Often in frosty conditions birds do not fly, but sit ruffled. Why? It turns out that they do not fly in cold weather, because the bird freezes much faster in flight. When a bird sits, it has still air between its feathers. It prevents cold from reaching the bird's body and retains heat. In flight, frosty air rushes towards the bird’s body from all sides, and it freezes in flight.

And you can also see in winter frosts how the bird stands on one leg or the other. Why is she doing this? The bird warms its legs by alternately lifting them from the cold ground.

To keep warm, birds hug each other closely and hide their beaks under their wings. Even those birds in winter that live alone in summer gather in flocks. This makes it easier for them to endure the winter. One bird found food and immediately notified everyone. So everyone is full. It is easier for the flock to notice approaching danger. And the birds keep warm by huddling together.

How else do birds escape the cold?

Black grouse, hazel grouse, wood grouse and partridges escape the cold in deep snow. In the evening, a flock of stones falls from the trees into a snowdrift and hides in it from the wind and frost. And in the morning it takes off to feed on buds and needles again. In severe frosts, a flock can remain in the snow all day. But even in a snowdrift, danger can lurk for birds if a hard crust forms on it, and the birds do not have enough strength to break through it and get out.

Some birds long winter forces you to make substantial reserves. This is how the nutcracker stores pine nuts. She makes tens of thousands of 10–20 pieces of nuts in secluded places and remembers them for several months! Of course, some of the reserves are stolen by other inhabitants of the taiga, from chipmunks to bears; sometimes forgotten “treasures” sprout and give rise to new groves of Siberian pine.

There is a bird that has adapted to winter conditions so much that it even hatches chicks in winter. This is a crossbill. The spruce crossbill lives in our country. These birds feed on seeds from the cones of coniferous trees, deftly extracting them from the cones with their crossed beaks. In January-February they begin to build warm, two-layer nests. The male brings food to the female sitting on the nest; she incubates the eggs for a little more than two weeks, and then the parents feed the chicks for another three weeks.

Flocks of bright bullfinches and waxwings noisily fly from one tree or small-fruited apple tree to another. Many pecked berries remain in the snow under the trees. Overripe berries can ferment during a thaw, and then the birds, having eaten them, behave like drunken people. They become disorientated, hit walls and fall.

Birds need help in winter, make feeders for them and regularly pour food into them.

Feed the birds in winter.

Let it come from all over

They will flock to you like home,

Flocks on the porch.

Their food is not rich.

I need a handful of grain

One handful -

And not scary

It will be winter for them.

It’s impossible to count how many of them die,

It's hard to see.

But in our heart there is

And it's warm for the birds.

How can we forget:

They could fly away

And they stayed for the winter

Together with people.

Train your birds in the cold

To your window

So that you don’t have to go without songs

Let's welcome spring.

Proverbs and sayings about winter birds

The sparrows chirp in unison, which means there will be a thaw.

In which direction the crow sits with its nose, the wind will come from there.

Crows hide their beaks under their wings - to the cold weather.

Birds sit on the treetops - it will be warm.

The titmice squeak in the morning, which means it will be frosty.

Poems about wintering birds

Poems about Crow

The color is greyish,

Habit - a thief,

Hoarse screamer

Famous person.

Hoodie!

Poems about Sparrow

The sparrow jumps and jumps,

Calls out to little children:

Throw crumbs to the sparrow -

I'll sing you a song

Tick-tweet!

Throw in millet and barley -

I'll sing to you all day long

Tick-tweet!

Poems about Soroka

Magpie flew to us

Belogruda, Belobok,

She chattered, she galloped,

I crushed the loose bed,

I dug here and there with my beak,

I wet my tail in a puddle,

Then she shook the feathers,

She ran and flew up!

Poems about tits

Birds jump early in the morning

Along the snow-covered branches -

Yellow-breasted tits

They flew to visit us.

"Tin-shadow, Tili-shadow,

The winter day is getting shorter and shorter -

You won't have time to have lunch,

The sun will set behind the fence.

Not a mosquito, not a fly.

There is just snow and snow everywhere.

It's good that we have feeders

Made by a good man!

Poems about waxwings

Blizzards are blowing outside the window,

But it happens sometimes -

Waxwings arrive

Peck berries in the spring.

The hawthorn bush bends

From the pressure of flocks of birds.

The silver ringing is rushing,

Glorifying the frozen harvest.

They moved to the rowan tree,

We drank scarlet berries,

And trills into the frosty air

They rushed with a subtle echo.

Poems about the Bullfinch

Bullfinches are a funny bird,

Not afraid of winter at all,

In winter he comes to visit,

Kholodov doesn’t notice.

This red-breasted bird

Forest winter singer.

The forest is a glorious home for her in winter,

Bullfinches are looking for food there.

The bird is small in size,

Can be an example for many:

How to live in a cold forest,

Live and not bother at all.

Bullfinches fly in a flock,

The gifts of the forest are collected:

Dry flower seeds,

And berries from forest bushes.

Their flocks of red-breasted ones in a row,

It's like a parade for the forest.

Often flocks of bullfinches,

They fly into people's cities.

They eat winter rowan,

Everyone is waiting for spring together.

STORKS ON THE ROOF

The stork is considered by many nations to be a bird that brings happiness, so it enjoys special protection among people. According to ancient belief, a stork in a village means happiness and prosperity. To destroy a stork's nest means to bring misfortune to the house on whose roof it has settled. That is why no one dares to kill this majestic bird. To attract birds, people sometimes help build nests for them: special devices are installed on high poles or roofs of houses - stands or cart wheels to make it more convenient for birds to build nests.

There are many legends associated with the stork. He is credited with the ability to carry babies in his beak. In retaliation for the destruction of the nest, he may set the house on fire. Storks, just like people, have “courts” where the “cases” of guilty birds are sorted out. Several more such examples can be given. Why is there such respect for the stork and what are these legends and beliefs associated with?

Let's try to answer some of them, based on knowledge of the behavior and lifestyle of these birds.

People endowed the stork with many qualities that appealed to them most. Moreover, this bird has many features inherent in people and this seems to bring them closer together. Storks are beautiful and proud birds. Their married couples are permanent and last throughout their lives. This evokes respect and sympathy.

Storks have been using the same nest for many years. The male usually arrives before the female and is the first to begin repairing it. He renovates the nest a little and begins to selflessly call for the female: he stands in the nest, throwing back his neck so that the back of his head touches the back and makes a characteristic cracking sound with his beak. The stork is a voiceless bird, so he came up with a way to attract females. There is greatness and pride in such a pose. Don't these qualities command respect?

Soon the female appears. The courtship ritual is as follows: the male strides importantly around the nest and feels its branches with his beak, as if thereby showing his girlfriend the good quality and reliability of the building. The female does the same, actually checking what was said. Almost like people. What woman would marry without checking in advance? financial situation your chosen one.

Finally, the marriage union is concluded, and both birds begin to complete the nest. They drag branches, crush them, line the middle with soft straw, grass, rags, feathers, preparing it for future children. Storks are so carried away by their work that, without taking it apart, they grab everything they can get their hands on. They can even snatch a smoldering branch from a fire. They are especially in a hurry when for some reason the nest is destroyed. Isn’t this where the legend of setting a house on fire when a nest is destroyed comes from? In ancient times, the roofs of houses were thatched. In the wind, the roof and nest dry out quickly. A small spark is enough for the whole thing to burst into flames.

Soon several white eggs appear in the nest, which are alternately incubated by the female and the male - the mother during the day and the father at night. Such mutual assistance also inspires respect. Finally, the storks hatch. Their parents feed them frogs, lizards, snakes, mice, and locusts. Again they bring benefits. While the chicks are small, one of the parents (most often a female) is constantly in the nest, protecting them from bad weather. The bird opens its wings over the nest, like an umbrella, protecting its chicks from the rain and scorching rays of the sun. The chicks leave the nest only after two months.

White storks are not afraid of people. Sometimes you can see how a brood of storks, led by their parents, walks along the village streets. Dogs stay away from them, they don’t want to taste a blow from a sharp beak.

The stork, like a hospitable host, provides its nest to small birds. Sparrows, starlings, wagtails and other birds settle in the “pile of brushwood” (the nest can reach one and a half meters in diameter).

Storks in the fall, before leaving, sometimes “cleanse their ranks” and beat to death weak birds that are unable to fly. Such birds will interfere with the flock on a difficult journey. Apparently, this served as the basis for the legend about the presence of “trials” among white storks, which end in the death penalty of the “offending” bird. Is it different for people?

The stork brings children in its beak. If anyone is entrusted with this delicate mission, there is no one else to do it except storks. A big, strong, noble bird with a powerful beak - is it really incapable of bringing such a tiny thing? This is, of course, a joke. In reality, everything is much more complicated.

In ancient times, in the south of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, houses in villages were made of adobe, made of unbaked brick, and the roofs were thatched. Such houses required constant maintenance. Every year the outer walls were coated with clay and the roofs were renewed. Without supervision, such houses quickly collapsed. Only a young and friendly family could maintain such a house, a potential nesting place for storks, in proper order for a long time. And where there is love and harmony, there are always many children. In addition, there is a belief: storks avoid houses where family quarrels are common. This once again confirms what was said.

And second, the number of children in a family is determined not only by the birth rate, but also by their mortality. And in those distant times she was tall. Therefore, a large, hard-working family always has enough money to have many children, good house, on which a stork can settle. From here to legend is just one step.

Storks settle mainly in the southern regions, but in Lately this species began to gradually expand its habitat. They can be found much further north, up to the Vologda region. And in the Moscow region they have already become quite an ordinary bird, bringing happiness, prosperity and good luck to the house.

CROW AND CAT

In cities, birds feed near garbage cans. What they don’t get from a person’s table. Cheese is no exception. A lot of different birds can be seen there, especially on frosty and snowy days. However, among the main visitors to the unique “feeders”, human constant companions stand out - sparrows, pigeons and of course... crows.

Near such unattractive places you can observe funny situations that recall the plots of some literary works. I once saw a crow sitting on a tree with a piece of cheese in its beak. Almost like in the same fable about the crow and the fox. At the same time, the ordinariness of the situation and the urban setting are so different from the classic fable style that they evoke new associations.

A crow sits on a tree with cheese in its beak and looks around phlegmatically. She was apparently full and couldn't decide what to do with the product. You can, of course, hide it in reserve, but when your stomach is full, you want something for the soul.

She sits and waits for her “fox”. Who doesn't want to hear a compliment addressed to them? After all, this is the most natural need of people - big and small, women and men, rich and poor, bosses and subordinates. It is only its extreme form - flattery - that is “vile and harmful,” as the fable says. However, who can draw the line between praise and flattery? This is a rhetorical question.

A crow sits and talks. Of course, she is not a firebird or a nightingale, but everyone is good in their own way, and everyone sings their own song. Isn’t a crow-girl thrilled when a handsome black-and-gray man walks in front of her? Doesn’t her heart skip a beat sweetly when her admirer sings serenades with croaks? Yes, she is not the first singer, but she also wants to hear something good. It’s not a pity to give away a piece of cheese for this.

I once watched another episode on the same topic. A crow sits on a tree with cheese in its beak, and below is a cat, staring at it without blinking. It turns out that not only foxes love cheese, but also cats. The crow turns its head, looks at the cat first with one eye and then with the other, the cheese gets in the way. He probably expects pleasant speeches from him, but the cat doesn’t understand - he sits and hypnotizes the winged one. I decided to get the cheese in a different way than the fox, although a more reliable and proven one had not yet been invented.

So a garbage dump can also be a source of inspiration. You just need to look around carefully, see only the pleasant in all this and dream a little.

BIRD CHARITY

Scientists say animals cannot think. Perhaps this is true. However, what we observe in nature allows us to doubt this. Skeptics will attribute this to our imagination. Indeed, depending on the mood and fantasy, the same object can have completely different shades. The moon, for example, will look like a banal lantern, a laughing face, or a source of inspiration for poets. So let's not find fault with scientists and give the hero of our story some human qualities.

A crow was sitting on the fence with a piece of bread, and sparrows were jumping below. They pecked at the falling crumbs. It was cold, the bread was frozen, and the crow had difficulty dealing with it. She held the bread with her paw and slowly took a bite from it. He tears off a piece and watches the sparrows, who were constantly quarreling over every crumb. Sometimes the crow would drop the bread, and then the sparrows would start a real fight. And she looked at them with curiosity and at the same time slyly.

Finally, the crow stopped eating. She began to feed the sparrows. He tears off a piece and throws it to the great joy of the fighters. And so many times. The sparrows conscientiously worked off their “bread”; feathers flew in different directions.

From the outside it seemed that the crow was provoking them to fight. Perhaps this is so, however, I still wanted that such feeding was not a payment for the “spectacle”, but disinterested charity.

CROW – Speech therapist

Our son had problems pronouncing the letter “r” as a child. Specialists tried to correct his speech, but there was little progress.

One day my son and I went for a walk in the park. It was early Sunday morning, so there weren't many people there. Only a few “dog owners” walked their pets.

The weather was beautiful - the sun was shining, the snow was sparkling all around, and the silence and light frost gave it all a special charm. Snow fell at night and lay in piles on the trees and bushes. As soon as you touched them, an avalanche of snow fell down. The branches were exposed, and all this beauty immediately disappeared somewhere.

The silence was mostly broken by birds. Some of them whistled cheerfully, flying from branch to branch, others (crows) shouted grumpily at the running dogs, which, in their opinion, did not belong here. The rest of the sounds in this fabulous place disappeared somewhere - they dissolved in the air, or they were absorbed by the snow.

We carefully walked along the path, afraid to scare away this beauty. After all, the slightest breath of breeze will expose the trees and the fairy tale will disappear.

The only thing missing from this unusual place was a fairy-tale character. And then he appeared. A crow was sitting on a tree, slightly hunched over. This pose gave her a philosophical expression.

As we approached, she croaked loudly, then looked at us from the height of the tree and croaked again. It seemed like she wanted to tell us something. There was no doubt about it. The unusual surroundings convinced us of this.

The child stared at her in surprise: “What did she tell us?” I replied, “She said hello to you.” “Hello, dear crow,” said the baby. He understood that this is how the fairy-tale crow should be addressed. A crow sat on a tree and looked at us questioningly. I told my son: “She doesn’t understand you, say hello to her in her native language.”

We stood under the tree for a long time, trying to greet the bird in crow language. The baby made all sorts of sounds, but he never made the necessary sounds.

The crow turned out to be a patient teacher. She listened carefully, turning first one ear or the other in our direction, and periodically corrected the baby: “Kar-r, kar-r.” The student diligently copied her pronunciation, because the fairy-tale crow was not to be trifled with.

Finally, something similar to “car-rr” came out of the child’s lips. The crow shouted with satisfaction: “Well done!” - and flew away.

From that day on, on our walks we constantly greeted all the crows we met. Many of them were quite pleased with the pronunciation and politely responded to our greeting. So the speech therapist crow quickly taught the baby to correctly pronounce the difficult letter of the alphabet.

Surprisingly, the baby, imitating the bird, learned to pronounce the letter and syllable correctly. And if he, for example, could not pronounce many letters, would the birds be able to teach him? Stop! But how did our distant ancestors, who in those days were still dumb, begin to speak?

First, let's digress a little and remember everyone's favorite fairy tale "Mowgli", in which a boy raised by wolves spoke freely with animals and people. He may have been able to talk to animals (since he grew up among them), but it’s unlikely that he could talk to people. Man, unlike animals and birds, is born dumb. He learns to speak only by being in the company of his own kind. If a person, for example, is born deaf and cannot hear people speak, he is unlikely to be able to learn to speak.

Ancient man lived among animals and birds. He hunted some animals, and escaped from others. To do this, he needed to know their habits and intonation of voice. And this is precisely the “language of the jungle”, with the help of which animals and birds “talk” in nature. In order to belong among strangers, he, like Mowgli, had to show the animals around him by behavior and intonation of his voice that he was “of the same blood as them.”

Ancient man needed not only to remember the voices of animals, but also to be able to reproduce them. This made it possible to lure them and, ultimately, extract them. Scientists believe that in those distant times our ancestors were able to imitate the voice of animals and birds, as, for example, parrots or other “talking” birds do.

In nature, undoubtedly, the most vocal birds are birds, which have a rich palette of sounds. The animals against their background are almost “voiceless”. Birds warn of danger with sounds, they, like magpies and small birds, accompany the predator with a scream, report, like finches, about weather changes, attract females with songs and protect the territory.

Man imitated the cry and singing not only of those birds that he hunted, but also that he enjoyed listening to (just like modern man).

There are several hypotheses explaining the emergence of speech. According to one of them, the basis of the language was the sounds that a person pronounced, imitating the singing and screaming of birds. For example, the primary word “danger” most likely was similar to the cry of some favorite bird (of course, taking into account the vocal capabilities of a person). And now the scouts in the forest “talk” to each other by whistling, that is, in the “bird” language.

Thus, by imitating the bird’s voice, the primary components of the so-called “bird” language of ancient people were formed. Of course, such a language was very simple and contained a small vocabulary, but at that stage this was quite enough. Subsequently, the onomatopoeic words changed and gradually became “human”. Thus, with the help of birds, the language of people appeared in all its diversity.

If we agree with this point of view of scientists and assume that birds taught man to speak, then it is not surprising that the wise crow was able to teach the boy to correctly pronounce a letter of the alphabet that was difficult for him.

LUCKY CROW

Some people get away with everything, but others get punished for the slightest offense. There is a category of people to whom something constantly happens, even if they try to avoid trouble. However, the lucky ones are much more pleasant to write about than the unlucky ones.

Despite this preamble, this story is not about a person, but about a chick who was surprisingly lucky in his still short life.

So, once upon a time there lived a little crow. He, like any bird, was born in a nest, high above the ground. When you are at the top of a tree, you must be extremely careful not to fall from there. However, our baby was restless and did not sit still for a minute. He constantly looked out of the nest, despite his parents' prohibition. When the little crow grew a little, he began to climb onto its edge, which was very dangerous. He was in a hurry to become an adult, and, as they say, everything has its time. Finally, what was supposed to happen happened. The chick fell out of the nest.

However, as mentioned above, the little crow was lucky. Another chick, unable to fly, inevitably crashed on the ground, and our little crow ended up in the bathtub. There was so much water in it that he could stand at the bottom, one might say, on tiptoes, with his neck stretched upward. If there was a little more water, the chick would immediately choke.

The bathtub was used to water the trees. It was periodically filled with water, which was used as needed. Just before this event, the water was drawn out of the bath. If the crow had fallen out of the nest the day before, it’s unlikely that anything could have saved it.

On that ill-fated (for the little crow, of course) day, we were not planning to go to the dacha. However, things resolved themselves, and we decided to go away from the city noise. IN cold water The bird is unlikely to be able to hold out for long, so help arrived in time. Lucky again!

We pulled the chick out of the water. He became so exhausted that he closed his eyes and fell to his side. He probably fainted from the cold and overexertion.

Crows flew above us and cawed angrily. Some of them even tried to dive at us. It was a kind of psychic attack. They suspected us of bad intentions.

We dried the bird with a dry towel, covered it with a cloth and left it in the garden in full view of the parents, who continued to fly above us. They didn’t dare take the chick into the house. His parents, having lost sight of him, will immediately abandon him, but perhaps they will help him.

In the morning the chick was not there. We hoped that his parents had taken him (he couldn't fly) to a safe place. At the same time, the thought was drilling into me that the little crow could have been dealt with by cats and dogs, of which there were plenty in these places. They lived in other summer cottages, but preferred to stay close to our house, where they were constantly fed. At lunchtime, they all sat near the door and patiently waited for the food to be brought out.

In the afternoon, when all the cat and dog tribe gathered in their usual place, they saw a little crow among them. He, like everyone else, was expecting food.

Some birds only have to gape a little and they immediately end up in someone’s stomach, but for some reason no one touched our little crow. Perhaps a kind of “truce” was declared at our porch, as was already described in the wonderful work “Mowgli”. During drought, animals at watering holes declared a “watering truce,” which, according to the laws of the jungle, no one dared to violate. And in our case, apparently, a “feeding truce” was declared.

Little Crow was lucky in this life. How many chicks just like him brightened up the lives of cats, and he was lucky. He fell into the bathtub and didn’t choke, they pulled him out in time, and made friends with the cats. How many lucky accidents!

We started feeding the crow. When the chick was hungry, he demanded food in a peculiar way, pecking on his leg thumb. He lived on the porch among cats and dogs, and ate, one might say, with them. So he lived with us for about a month until he learned to fly and get his own food.

Anatoly Pavlovich Sadchikov,
professor of Moscow state university named after M.V. Lomonosov ( [email protected])