Unusual artifacts found on earth. The most reliable and inexplicable artifacts of ancient civilizations
The Bible tells us, through some fundamentalist interpretations, that God created Adam and Eve only a few thousand years ago. Science tells us that this is mere fiction and that man is several million years old and that this civilization is only a few tens of thousands of years old.
This may be true, however, what if science is just as wrong as the stories in the Bible? There is a lot of archaeological evidence that the history of life on Earth could be much more different than what we are told geological and anthropological texts.
Considering these amazing findings:
No. 1. The Grooved Spheres
Explanation
Over the past few decades, miners in South Africa have been digging up mysterious metal spheres. Origin unknown, these spheres measure approximately an inch in diameter, and some graphed with three parallel indentations around the equator.
Two types of spheres were found: the first was made of a hard bluish metal with flecks of white; the second is curved and filled with a spongy white substance. The big surprise here is that every sphere found belongs to to the Precambrian period and dated back to 2.8 billion years!
Who made them and for what purpose remains unknown.
No. 2. The Dropa Stones
In 1938, an archaeological expedition led by Dr. Chi Pu Tei in the Bayan-Kara-Ula Mountains of China made an amazing discovery in caves that were apparently once occupied by some ancient culture.
Buried in centuries-old dust on the floor of the cave were hundreds of stone discs. Measuring approximately nine inches in diameter, each stone had a circle carved in the center and the stones were engraved with spiral grooves, making the stones look like a phonograph record 10,000 - 12,000 years old.
The spiral indentation turns out to be actually made up of tiny hieroglyphs that tell an incredible story about spaceships from some distant world that crashed while landing in the mountains. These ships were controlled by people who called themselves Dropa and the remains of whose descendants were found in the cave.
No. 3. The Ica Stones
In the 1930s, Dr. Javier Cabrela, a medical doctor, received a strange stone as a gift from a local farmer. Dr. Cabrela was so intrigued that he collected more than 1,100 of these Andesite stones, estimated to have been born between 500 and 1,500 years ago and collectively known as the Ica Stones.
The stones have engravings, most of them with sexual graphics (which were common in that culture); some painted idols and others depict practices such as open-heart surgery and brain transplants.
The most amazing engravings, however, clearly depict dinosaurs - brontosaurs, triceratops, stegosaurs and pterosaurs. While skeptics consider the Ica Stones to be a hoax, their authenticity is yet to be seen. was neither proven nor disproved.
No. 4. The Antikythera Mechanism
The puzzling artifact was recovered by divers from a shipwreck in 1900 off the coast of Antikythera, a small island that lies northwest of Crete. Divers recovered from the wreck a large number of marble and bronze statues that were apparently the ship's cargo. Among the finds was a piece of eroded bronze that contained a mechanism made up of a large number of mechanisms and wheels.
The writing on the boxes indicates that it was made in the 80's. BC e., and many experts immediately thought that it was an astrolabe, an astronomical instrument. X-rays of the mechanism, however, revealed that it was a much more complex device that contained a complex system of differential mechanisms.
A device of this complexity was not known to have existed until 1575! It is still unknown who designed this amazing tool 2,000 years ago or how this technology was lost.
No. 5. The Baghdad Battery
Today, batteries can be found in every grocery, apparatus and department store you encounter every day. Okay, here's a 2000 year old battery! Known as the Baghdad Battery, this curious item was found in the ruins of a Parthian village that existed approximately between 248 BC. and 226 AD..
The device consists of a 5-1/2-inch-tall clay vessel, inside which was a copper cylinder held in place by asphalt, and inside it was an oxidized iron rod. Experts who examined this concluded that the device only had to be filled with an acid or alkaline liquid to produce an electrical charge.
It is believed that this ancient battery may have been used to electroplate the object with gold. If so, how did this technology get lost... since the battery wasn't discovered for another 1800 years?
No. 6. The Coso Artifact
While mineral hunting in the California mountains near Olancha during the winter of 1961, Wallace Lane, Virginia Maxey and Mike Maxel found a rock, among many others, that they thought was a geode—a good addition to their gem store. However, after opening it sharply, Maxel found an object inside that appeared to be made of white porcelain. In the center was a shaft of shiny metal.
Experts said that if it were a geode, it would have taken approximately 500,000 years to form, such a fossilized ore, yet the object inside was clearly made by human hands. Further examination revealed that the porcelain was surrounded by a hexagonal casing and an x-ray revealed a tiny spring at the end, similar to a spark plug.
As you might have guessed, there has been some controversy surrounding this artifact. Some argue that the artifact was not encased in a geode at all, but rather was encased in hardened clay. The exhibit itself was identified by experts as a championship spark plug from the 1920s.
Unfortunately, the Koso Artifact has disappeared and cannot be fully explored. Is there a reasonable explanation for this? Or was it claimed to be the discoverer, inside a geode? If so, how could a 1920s spark plug get inside a 500,000-year-old rock?
No. 7. Ancient Model Aircraft
There are artifacts from ancient Egyptian and Central American cultures that bear a striking resemblance to a modern airplane. The Egyptian artifact, found in a tomb in Saqqara, Egypt in 1898, is a six-inch wooden object that closely resembles a model airplane, complete with fuselage, wings and tail.
Experts believe the object is so aerodynamic that it is actually able to glide. The small object, discovered in Central America (shown at right), and estimated to be around 1,000 years old, is made of gold and could easily be mistaken for a model of a hang glider - or even a space shuttle. It even shows what the pilot's seat looks like.
No. 8. Giant Stone Balls of Costa Rica
Laborers slashing and burning their way through the dense jungle of Costa Rica to clear the area for banana plantations in the 1930s came across some incredible objects: scores of stone balls, many of which were perfect spheres. They ranged in size from as small as a tennis ball to an astonishing 8-foot diameter and weighing 16 tons!
Although these are large stone balls, it is clear that they are artificial, it is unknown who made them, for what purposes, and the most puzzling question is how they achieved such spherical precision.
No. 9. Impossible Fossils
Fossils, as we learned in elementary school, appear in rocks that were formed many thousands of years ago. There are still some fossils that make no geological or historical sense. A fossil of a human handprint, for example, was found in limestone that is estimated to be about 110 million years old.
A fossil of a human finger found in the Canadian Arctic also dates back to 100 to 110 million years ago. A fossil of a human footprint, possibly wearing a sandal, was found near Delta, Utah in a shale clay deposit estimated to be 300 to 600 million years old.
#10: Out-of-Place Metal Objects
People did not exist at all even 65 million years ago, let alone those who could work with metal. So how can science explain the semi-ovoid metal pipes dug out of Cretaceous chalk is 65 million years old in France?
In 1885, a block of coal was broken into when a metal cube was found, apparently shaped by intelligent hands. In 1912, employees at an electrical plant broke a large separate piece of coal, from which iron powder fell!
The nail was found in a sandstone block from the Mesozoic Era. And there are many, many more such anomalies.
What conclusions can we draw from these findings? Here are some options:- Intelligent people appeared much, much earlier than we imagined.
- Other intelligent beings and civilizations existed on earth far from our written history.
- Our dating methods are completely inaccurate, and that stone, coal and fossil form are much earlier than we estimate.
In any case, these examples, and there are many more, should prompt any curious and open-minded scientist to re-examine and rethink the true history of life on Earth.
Since the time of Darwin, science has more or less managed to fit into a logical framework and explain most of the evolutionary processes that took place on Earth. Archaeologists, biologists, and many other ...ologists agree and are confident that already 400 - 250 thousand years ago the rudiments of the current society flourished on our planet.
But archeology, you know, is such an unpredictable science, no, no, and it keeps throwing up new finds that do not fit into the generally accepted model neatly put together by scientists. We present to you the 15 most mysterious artifacts that made the scientific world think about the correctness of existing theories.
Spheres from Klerksdorp
According to rough estimates, these mysterious artifacts are about 3 billion years old. They are disc-shaped and spherical objects. Corrugated balls are found in two types: some are made of bluish metal, monolithic, interspersed with white matter, others, on the contrary, are hollow, and the cavity is filled with white spongy material. The exact number of spheres is unknown to anyone, since miners with the help of kmd still continue to extract them from the rock near the city of Klerksdorp, located in South Africa.
Stones Drop
In the Bayan-Kara-Ula mountains, which are located in China, a unique find was made, the age of which is 10 - 12 thousand years. Drop stones, numbering in the hundreds, resemble gramophone records. These are stone discs with a hole in the middle and a spiral engraving applied to the surface. Some scientists are inclined to believe that the disks serve as carriers of information about extraterrestrial civilization.
Antikythera Mechanism
In 1901, the Aegean Sea revealed to scientists the secret of a sunken Roman ship. Among other surviving antiquities, a mysterious mechanical artifact was found that was made about 2000 years ago. Scientists managed to recreate a complex and innovative invention for that time. The Antikythera mechanism was used by the Romans for astronomical calculations. Interestingly, the differential gear used in it was invented only in the 16th century, and the skill of the miniature parts from which the amazing device was assembled is not inferior to the skill of watchmakers of the 18th century.
Unique stones were discovered in the Peruvian province of Ica by surgeon Javier Cabrera. Ica stones are processed volcanic rock covered with engravings. But the whole mystery is that among the images there are dinosaurs (brontosaurs, pterosaurs and triceraptors). Perhaps, despite all the arguments of learned anthropologists, the ancestors of modern man were already thriving and creative in the times when these giants roamed the earth?
Baghdad battery
In 1936, a strange-looking vessel sealed with a concrete stopper was discovered in Baghdad. Inside the mysterious artifact was a metal rod. Subsequent experiments showed that the vessel performed the function of an ancient battery, since by filling a structure similar to the Baghdad battery with the electrolyte available at that time, it was possible to obtain electricity of 1 V. Now you can argue who owns the title of the founder of the doctrine of electricity, because the Baghdad battery is 2000 years older than Alessandro Volta.
The oldest "spark plug"
In the Coso Mountains in California, an expedition that was looking for new minerals found a strange artifact, its appearance and properties strongly resemble a “spark plug.” Despite its dilapidation, one can confidently distinguish a ceramic cylinder, inside of which there is a magnetized two-millimeter metal rod. And the cylinder itself is enclosed in a copper hexagon. The age of the mysterious find will surprise even the most inveterate skeptic - it is more than 500,000 years old!
Stone balls of Costa Rica
The three hundred stone balls scattered along the coast of Costa Rica vary in age (from 200 BC to 1500 AD) and in size. However, scientists are still not clear exactly how ancient people made them and for what purposes.
Planes, tanks and submarines of Ancient Egypt
There is no doubt that the Egyptians built the pyramids, but could the same Egyptians have thought of constructing an airplane? Scientists have been asking this question since a mysterious artifact was discovered in one of the Egyptian caves in 1898. The shape of the device is similar to an airplane, and if it was given an initial speed, it could easily fly. The fact that in the era of the New Kingdom the Egyptians were aware of such technical inventions as the airship, helicopter and submarine is told by the fresco on the ceiling of the temple located near Cairo.
Human palm print, 110 million years old
And this is not at all an age for humanity, if you take and add here such a mysterious artifact as a fossilized finger from the Arctic part of Canada, belonging to a person and having the same age. And a footprint found in Utah, and not just a foot, but one shod in a sandal, is 300 - 600 million years old! You wonder, so when did humanity begin?
Metal pipes from Saint-Jean-de-Livet
The age of the rock from which the metal pipes were extracted is 65 million years, therefore, the artifact was made at the same time. Wow, Iron Age. Another strange find was obtained from Scottish rock dating back to the Lower Devonian period, that is, 360 - 408 million years ago. This mysterious artifact was a metal nail.
In 1844, the Englishman David Brewster reported that an iron nail had been discovered in a block of sandstone in one of the Scottish quarries. His cap was so “grown” into the stone that it was impossible to suspect the falsification of the find, although the age of the sandstone dating back to the Devonian period is about 400 million years.
Already within our memory, in the second half of the twentieth century, a discovery was made, which scientists still cannot explain. Near the American town with the loud name London, in the state of Texas, during the splitting of sandstone of the Ordovician period (Paleozoic, 500 million years ago), an iron hammer with the remains of a wooden handle was discovered. If we discard man, who did not exist at that time, it turns out that trilobites and dinosaurs smelted iron and used it for economic purposes. If we put aside the stupid mollusks, then we need to somehow explain finds, for example, such as this one: in 1968, the Frenchmen Druet and Salfati discovered in the quarries of Saint-Jean-de-Livet, in France, oval-shaped metal pipes, the age of which, if dated from the Cretaceous strata, it is 65 million years old - the era of the last reptiles.
Or this: in the middle of the 19th century, blasting work was carried out in Massachusetts, and among the fragments of stone blocks a metal vessel was discovered, which was torn in half by a blast wave. It was a vase about 10 centimeters high, made of metal resembling zinc in color. The walls of the vessel were decorated with images of six flowers in the form of a bouquet. The rock in which this strange vase was kept belonged to the beginning of the Paleozoic (Cambrian), when life was barely emerging on earth - 600 million years ago.
Iron mug in coal
It is not known what a scientist would say if in a lump of coal, instead of the imprint of an ancient plant, he found... an iron mug. Would a coal seam be dated by a man from the Iron Age, or still to the Carboniferous period, when there weren't even dinosaurs? And such an object was found, and until recently that mug was kept in one of the private museums of America, in Southern Missouri, although with the death of the owner, the trace of the scandalous object was lost, to the great, it should be noted, relief of learned men. However, there was a photograph left.
The mug contained the following document, signed by Frank Kenwood: “In 1912, while I was working at the municipal power plant in Thomas, Oklahoma, I came across a massive lump of coal. It was too big and I had to break it with a hammer. This iron mug fell out of the block, leaving behind a hole in the coal. An employee of the company named Jim Stoll witnessed how I broke the block and how the mug fell out of it. I was able to find out the origin of the coal - it was mined in the Wilburton mines in Oklahoma." According to scientists, the coal mined in Oklahoma mines dates back 312 million years, unless, of course, dated by circle. Or did man live together with trilobites - these shrimps of the past?
Foot on a trilobite
Fossilized trilobite. 300 million years ago!
Although there is a find that speaks exactly about this - a trilobite crushed by a shoe! The fossil was discovered by a passionate shellfish lover, William Meister, who was exploring the area around Antelope Spring, Utah, in 1968. He split a piece of shale and saw the following picture (in the photo - a split stone).
The imprint of the shoe of the right foot is visible, under which were two small trilobites. Scientists explain this as a play of nature, and are ready to believe in a find only if there is a whole chain of similar traces. Meister is not a specialist, but a draftsman who searches for antiquities in his spare time, but his reasoning is sound: the imprint of a shoe was found not on the surface of hardened clay, but after splitting a piece: the chip fell along the imprint, along the boundary of the compaction caused by the pressure of the shoe. However, they don’t want to talk to him: after all, man, according to evolutionary theory, did not live in the Cambrian period. There weren't even dinosaurs back then. Or...geochronology is false.
In 1922, American geologist John Reid conducted a search in Nevada. Unexpectedly, he discovered a clear imprint of a shoe sole on the stone. A photograph of this wonderful find has still been preserved.
Also in 1922, an article written by Dr. W. Ballou appeared in the New York Sunday American. He wrote: “Some time ago, the famous geologist John T. Reid, while searching for fossils, suddenly froze in confusion and surprise at the rock under his feet. There was what looked like a human print, but not a bare foot, but the sole of a shoe that had turned to stone. The forefoot has disappeared, but retains the contour of at least two-thirds of the sole. There was a clearly visible thread around the outline, which, as it turned out, attached a welt to the sole. This is how a fossil was found, which is today the biggest mystery for science, since it was found in a rock that is at least 5 million years old.”
The geologist took the cut piece of rock to New York, where it was examined by several professors from the American Museum of Natural History and a geologist from Columbia University. Their conclusion was clear: the rock is 200 million years old - Mesozoic, Triassic period. However, the imprint itself was recognized by both these and all other scientific heads... as a play of nature. Otherwise, we would have to admit that people wearing shoes sewn with thread lived alongside dinosaurs.
Two mysterious cylinders
In 1993, Philip Reef became the owner of another amazing find. While digging a tunnel in the mountains of California, two mysterious Cylinders were discovered; they resemble the so-called “cylinders of the Egyptian pharaohs.”
But their properties are completely different from them. They consist half of platinum, half of an unknown metal. If they are heated, for example, to 50°C, then they maintain this temperature for several hours, regardless of the ambient temperature. Then they cool almost instantly to air temperature. If an electric current is passed through them, they change color from silver to black, and then return to their original color. Undoubtedly, the cylinders contain other secrets that have yet to be discovered. According to radiocarbon dating, the age of these artifacts is about 25 million years.
Mayan Crystal Skulls
According to the most widely accepted story, the “Skull of Destiny” was found in 1927 by English explorer Frederick A. Mitchell-Hedges among the Mayan ruins of Lubaantun (modern Belize).
Others claim that the scientist bought this item at Sotheby's in London in 1943. Whatever the reality, this rock crystal skull is so perfectly carved that it appears to be a priceless work of art.
So, if we consider the first hypothesis to be correct (according to which the skull is a Mayan creation), then a whole rain of questions falls upon us.
Scientists believe that the Skull of Doom is in some ways technically impossible. Weighing almost 5 kg, and being a perfect copy of a woman's skull, it has a completeness that would have been impossible to achieve without the use of more or less modern methods, methods that the Mayan culture owned and which we do not know about.
The skull is perfectly polished. Its jaw is a separate hinged part from the rest of the skull. It has long attracted (and will likely continue to do so to a somewhat lesser extent) experts from a variety of disciplines.
It is also worth mentioning the relentless attribution of supernatural abilities to him by a group of esotericists, such as telekinesis, the emission of an unusual aroma, and color changes. The existence of all these properties is difficult to prove.
The skull was subjected to various analyses. One of the inexplicable things is that made of quartz glass, and therefore having a hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale (a scale of mineral hardness from 0 to 10), the skull was able to be carved without hard cutting materials such as ruby and diamond.
Studies of the skull carried out by the American company Hewlett-Packard in the 1970s determined that in order to achieve such perfection, it would have to be sanded for 300 years.
Could the Mayans have deliberately designed this type of work to be completed 3 centuries later? The only thing we can say with certainty is that the Skull of Fate is not the only one of its kind.
Several such objects have been found in various places on the planet, and they are created from other materials, similar to quartz. These include a complete jadeite skeleton discovered in the China/Mongolian region, made on a smaller scale than human scale, estimated to be approx. in 3500-2200 BC.
There are doubts about the authenticity of many of these artifacts, but one thing is certain: crystal skulls continue to delight intrepid scientists.
April 7th, 2009
From time to time, archaeologists (and sometimes ordinary people) make such wonderful discoveries. Stunned, they are often unable to explain what they found, how it came to be, or establish its value.
This is a comprehensive list of such artifacts; artifacts that many believe should never have existed at the time they were created, or be as old as they were.
So, let's go.
1 The London hammer is a tool older than history.
In June 1936 (or 1934 according to some accounts), Max Hahn and his wife Emma were on a walk when they noticed a rock with wood sticking out from the center. They decided to take the quirk home and later broke it open with a hammer and chisel. Oddly enough, they found in it something similar to an archaic hammer.
A team of archaeologists tested it, and as it turned out, the rock encasing the hammer was dated back to more than 400 million years old, and the hammer itself was more than 500 million years old. Plus, the handle section began to transform into coal.
The creationists, of course, were all over it. The iron part of the hammer, made from more than 96% iron, is much purer than anything nature has been able to achieve without the help of modern technology.
http://home.texoma.net/~linesden/cem/hamr/hamrfs.htm
2 Antikythera Mechanism - Ancient Greek Computer
The first known mechanical computer was named after the Antikythera mechanism. Found on a shipwreck near the Greek island of Antikythera, it was designed to calculate the positions of astronomical objects.
It is noteworthy that this mechanism was so accurate and unique that people were not able to surpass it in accuracy for more than 1000 years after the creation of the first Antikythera mechanism.
Consisting of a box with disks on the outside and a very complex arrangement of wheels and mechanisms, it could rival the complexity of a first-class 18th-century clock. The level of sophistication used by the device has forced scientists to admit that their perception of the ancient Greek design may be incorrect. Nothing like it exists or is mentioned in any known records from the period of its creation. Based on our knowledge, we must conclude that this mechanism should not even exist.
According to Mike Edmunds, professor of astrophysics at the University of Cardiff (Wales, United Kingdom), the mechanism, in addition to basic astronomical operations, could also add, subtract, multiply and divide. In addition, the Antikythera mechanism could determine the phases of the Moon and the Sun in accordance with the zodiacal affiliations.
However, the most amazing thing is that the Antikythera mechanism could calculate the approximate time of a lunar or solar eclipse, and in addition, it could be used to understand that the Moon has an elliptical orbit.
"The discovery of this device, as well as the understanding of how it functions, brings new insights into the scientific potential of the ancient Greeks and Romans," Edmunds says.
3 Drop Stones
In 1938, the archaeological expedition of Dr. Chi Pu Tei to the Bayan-Kara-Ula Mountains in China made a stunning discovery in caves that preserved the echoes of some ancient civilization. On the floor of the cave, buried under a layer of centuries-old dust, rested hundreds of stone disks. They were about nine inches in diameter, and in the center of each there was a round hole from which an etched engraving radiated out in a spiral, making them look like ancient gramophone records created about 10 - 12 thousand years ago.
As for the spiral engraving, it actually consists of tiny hieroglyphs that tell an incredible story about spaceships that came from a distant world and crashed in the mountains. The ships were controlled by creatures who called themselves “dropa”, and in the cave, it seems, the remains of their descendants were found.
4 Bird from Saqqara
The Bird from Saqqara is a figurine made of sycamore wood, discovered in 1898 during excavations of one of the burial grounds of Saqqara. In general terms it resembles a bird without a beak, plumage and lower limbs. Now exhibited in the Cairo Museum and dates back to the 3rd-2nd centuries. BC e.
The “Sakkara Bird” became widely known when the Cairo amateur Egyptologist Khalil Messiha, having discovered the figurine in the museum storerooms, declared in 1972 that it was a model of an ancient aircraft (glider), which, in his opinion, was simply has not survived to this day or has not yet been found. He explained the absence of the horizontal tail necessary for flight by the fact that the corresponding part was lost.
5 Baghdad Battery - 2000 Year Battery
Today batteries can be bought at any kiosk, store, and even at the bazaar. Well, let me introduce you to a 2,000 year old battery. This find, known as the Baghdad Battery, was discovered in a Parthian settlement and dates back to between 248 and 226 BC. The device consists of a 5.5-inch clay vessel containing a copper cylinder, reinforced with asphalt, with an oxidized iron rod inside. The experts who examined it came to the conclusion that to produce electric current, the device only needed an acid or alkaline filling. It is believed that this ancient battery may have been used in the galvanization of gold. If this is true, how did it happen that the technology became lost and the battery disappeared from the face of the earth for 1,800 years?
6 Inappropriate metal objects
Not only did people not know how to process metal 65 million years ago, they didn’t exist then at all. How then will science explain the discovery of semi-oval metal pipes in France from Cretaceous deposits dating back 65 million years? In 1885, after splitting a piece of coal, they found a metal cube, undoubtedly created by the hands of an intelligent being, and in 1912, power plant workers broke a lump of coal and an iron pot fell out of it! And in a block of sandstone from the Mesozoic they found a nail, and there are many similar finds.
How to explain all this? Here are some options:
- Intelligent people appeared much, much earlier than we think.
- There were other intelligent beings on Earth who had their own civilizations long before humans.
“Our methods of determining age are fundamentally flawed, and those rocks, coals and fossils formed much faster than we think.”
In any case, these examples, and there are many others, should prompt any inquisitive and open-minded scientist to reconsider and rethink the true history of life on Earth.
7 Piri Reis Map
The Piri Reis map is a map of an unknown author-compiler that belonged to the Turkish admiral Piri Reis, compiled by him in the sixteenth century based on Greek maps from the time of Alexander the Great and the map of Christopher COLUMBUS, along which he sailed to the shores of America in 1492. Seven years before the first circumnavigation of the world, the Turkish admiral drew up a map of the world, which indicated not only America and the Strait of Magellan, but also Antarctica, which Russian navigators were to discover only 300 years later... The coastline and some details of the relief are presented on it with such precision that can only be achieved with aerial photography, or even shooting from space. The southernmost continent of the planet on the Piri Reis map is devoid of ice cover(!). It has rivers and mountains. The distances between the continents have been slightly changed, which confirms the fact of their drift.
Interested scientists carried out selective drilling of the ice shell and were convinced that the coastline hidden beneath it was drawn on the ancient map with amazing accuracy. In the 1970s, a Soviet Antarctic expedition established that the ice shell covering the continent is at least 20 thousand years old, which means that the age of the real primary source of information from Piri Reis is at least 200 centuries.
A short entry in the diaries of Piri Reis suggests that he compiled his map based on materials from the era of Alexander the Great. This diary entry, answering one question (the source of information for compiling a specific geographical document), poses several other, even more complex ones. Where did they know about Antarctica in the 16th century, where did this information come from almost 2 thousand years earlier, in the 4th century BC?
How many questions arise after getting acquainted with a strange map!
http://www.vokrugsveta.com/S4/proshloe/piri.htm
8 Nazca Drawings
Nazca is a mysterious plateau that has haunted scientists around the world for over a century. For almost a hundred years, the world's luminaries have been struggling over the mysterious drawings that cover the desert Peruvian plateau.
The plateau or Pampa Nazca is located 450 km south of the Peruvian capital, Lima. The plateau occupies 60 kilometers and approximately 500 square meters of its territory is covered with a pattern of strange lines folding into bizarre shapes. The main mystery of Nazca is geometric figures in the form of triangles and more than thirty huge drawings of animals, birds, fish, insects and people of unusual appearance. All images on the Nazca surface are dug into sandy soil, the depth of the lines varies from 10 to 30 centimeters, and the width of the stripes can reach as much as 100 meters. The lines of the drawings stretch for kilometers, without changing at all under the influence of the relief - the lines rise up hills and descend from them, while remaining almost perfectly smooth and continuous. Who and why created these drawings - unknown tribes or aliens from outer space - there is still no answer to this question. Today there are many hypotheses, but none of them can be a solution.
What scientists have been able to establish more or less accurately is the age of the images. Based on ceramic fragments found here and data from analyzes of organic remains, they established that in the period between 350 BC. and 600 AD there was a civilization here. However, this theory cannot be accurate, since objects of civilization could have been brought here much later than the appearance of the images. One theory is that these are works of the Nazca Indians, who inhabited areas of Peru before the formation of the Inca Empire. The Nazcas did not leave anything behind except burial places, so it is unknown whether they had writing and whether they “painted” the desert.
The first mention of Nazca drawings was found in the chronicles of Spanish explorers of the 15th-17th centuries, but at one time they did not attract the attention of the public and the scientific world. The real explosion occurred with the development of aviation - the fact is that the entire huge system of lines is visible only from the air, but the first person to discover the drawings is considered to be the Peruvian archaeologist Mejia Xesspe. In 1927, he saw some of the images from a steep mountainside. But it was only in the 40s that Nazca began to be truly explored, and it was then that the American historian Paul Kosok provided the public with photographs of figures taken from an airplane. They actually flew over Nazca to discover sources of water in the desert, but they found the biggest secret of the planet...
Kosok came up with one of the first theories that the Nazca drawings are a giant astronomical calendar. He drew analogies between the drawings and the starry sky and it turned out that some lines indicate constellations, and also record the points of sunrise and sunset. Kosok's theory was further developed by the German mathematician and astronomer Maria Reiche. She devoted 40 years to studying and trying to systematize the Nazca Lines in order to explain their meaning. She found out that all the drawings in the desert were done in the same way and most likely it was done by hand. The first figures of birds and animals were “scratched” into the plateau, and only then, on top, additional lines were applied. In addition, Reiche discovered small sketches of some drawings, which were then repeated in full size. At the ends of some of the figures, wooden piles were driven into the ground. They served not as a drawing tool, but as coordinates for unknown artists. The fact that the figures can only be seen from above prompted Reiche and other scientists to believe that at the time the drawings were created, people (if they were people, of course) already knew how to fly. In this regard, a theory has emerged that Nazca was once an airfield for ancient civilizations.
A little later it was found out that Nazca is not the only painted plateau in the world. Just ten kilometers away, around the small town of Palpa, there are thousands of similar stripes, lines and patterns. And 1,400 kilometers from the plateau, at the foot of Mount Solitari, a giant statue of a man was discovered, which was surrounded by lines and signs similar to the Nazca drawings. In the Western Cordillera, not far from Nazca, another amazing phenomenon was discovered - two labyrinths, the spirals of which are twisted in different directions. It's amazing that 1-5 times a year a cosmic beam of light descends there for 20 minutes. They say that the lucky ones who fell into this beam were healed of incurable diseases... Mysterious drawings on the ground were found in Ohio in the USA, in England, in Africa and in the Altai and Southern Urals. The appearance and form of the drawings were different everywhere, but they were all united by the fact that the drawings were clearly not intended for public viewing.
Excavations in the Nazca territory presented scientists with several more mysteries - drawings were discovered on shards and fragments indicating that in the Peruvian desert many thousands of years ago they already knew about the existence of penguins. There is no other way to explain the image of a penguin on one of the vessels... Many underground passages were found under the plateau itself. Some of them clearly belonged to the irrigation system, and some were real underground cities. There are tombs and remains of underground temples here.
The most exciting hypothesis associated with the Nazca surface paintings is related to space aliens. It was first put forward by the Swiss writer Erich von Däniken. He puts forward the idea that visitors from other stars visited the Nazca plateau, but does not insist that the lines were drawn by the visitors themselves. His theory is that people used the drawings to encourage aliens to return after they left Earth. The triangles informed the aircraft about possible crosswinds, and the squares informed the aircraft about the best landing location. The lines could be filled with some substance that could glow brightly in the dark and represent runways. This theory is considered the most incredible and is not seriously considered, although von Däniken planted the seed of doubt in many minds. From this emerged a complex version of the energy flows through which the ancient tribes communicated with the cosmic mind. According to another version associated with aliens, the key to solving Nazca is a huge drawing on a 400-meter mountain slope on the Peruvian Paracas Peninsula, known as the “Paracas Candelabra”. It is believed that the Paracas Candelabra contains all the information about our planet. The left part of the picture represents the fauna, the right – the flora. And the drawing entirely resembles a human face. There is a mark near the top of the mountain. This is a scale showing the “level of modern development of civilization” (there are six in total). These same scientists insist that our civilization was created by aliens from the constellation Leo. It is possible that the Nazca lines were drawn by the aliens for themselves and used as a coordinate system for landing their ships.
However, a study from an English anthropological journal speaks in favor of the version with other civilizations: analyzes of the muscle tissue of preserved Inca mummies showed that their blood composition was sharply different from other inhabitants of the Earth of the same period. They had a blood type of a rare combination.
Of course, there were those who tried to refute all alien hypotheses in just two weeks. Back in the 80s of the last century, archeology students and their teachers armed themselves with wooden shovels and “drew” an elephant on the plateau, which from the air was no different from ancient creations. Not everyone was convinced, and the theory of aliens in Nazca is still the most discussed in the world. True, anyone seriously discusses it, but not scientists...
Some other theories state that:
...all the drawings of animals, birds and people were made in memory of the great flood - the Great Flood.
...lines and drawings are the oldest Zodiac with signs
...the figures were used for ceremonial dances of the cult of water, and the lines meant a system of underground aqueducts and sewers
... drawings were used for sprint races
...the Nazca Lines are a system of numbers and measurements, a code that encrypts the number “pi”, a radian of 360 degrees of a circle, 60 minutes of a degree, 60 seconds of a minute, a decimal number system, a 12-inch foot and a 5280-foot mile.
...the weavers stood along these lines. Fabrics were made from a single thread, but the Indians had neither wheels nor looms, so hundreds of people stood on special lines and held the thread, and other people walked between them with its end and thus wove the material.
...the lines were drawn by shamans for their journeys after using powerful hallucinogens.nasca, nazca, drawings in the desert.
But no matter how many theories are put forward, Nazca still keeps its secret. Moreover, she throws up more and more new riddles. Every year new expeditions are equipped here. Nazca is open to everyone, both scientists and tourists, but whether anyone will ever be able to solve the riddle with the drawings on the ground is unknown to science.
9 Mysterious Nan-Madol. The city was based on corals
Nan Madol is an artificial archipelago with a total area of 79 hectares, consisting of 92 islands connected by a system of artificial canals. Also known as the "Venice of the Pacific". Located in the southeast of the island of Ponape, part of the Caroline Islands, and until 1500 AD. e. was the capital of the ruling dynasty of So Deleur. Nan Madol means "the gaps", referring to the system of canals that run through it.
The city of Nan Madol was built between 200 BC. - 800 AD, on a coral reef near Micronesia. It consists of approximately 100 artificial islands, made from huge blocks of basalt, and connected by viaducts. From the start it dazzles with a mix of whimsical and grandeur. This seems inconsistent; 250 million tons of basalt offshore in the middle of the ocean. How were these huge blocks mined, transported, and placed in this beautiful location? Even by today's standards, this would be an impressive technical feat.
10 Walls of Sacsahuaman
In the 16th century, Garcilaso de la Vega described Sacsayhuaman in his History of the Incas: “Its proportions cannot be imagined until you have seen it; seen up close and carefully examined, they make such an incredible impression that you begin to wonder if its construction is connected with some kind of witchcraft. Is this not the creation of people, but of demons? It was built from such huge stones and in such quantities that a lot of questions immediately arise: how did the Indians manage to cut these stones, how did they transport them, how did they shape them and place them on top of each other with such precision? After all, they had neither iron nor steel to cut into the rock and cut stones, there were no carts or oxen for transportation. In fact, in the whole world there are no such carts and such oxen, so large are these stones and so uneven are the mountain roads...” Here Garcilaso reports on one interesting circumstance, how already in historical times a certain Inca king tried to compare with his predecessors, who built Sacsayhuaman. It was decided to bring another block to strengthen the existing fortification. “More than 20,000 Indians dragged this block over rough terrain, up and down steep slopes... Eventually it broke free from their hands and fell over a cliff, killing more than 3,000 people.”
According to one legend, the Sacsayhuaman fortress, the cities of Cusco and Machu Picchu were built by the Viracochas - white bearded alien demigods who mastered the art of softening and hardening stone. But how they brought these blocks here, tens of kilometers away, remains unclear.
In the fortress there are stones weighing 50-200 tons. Saksayuman is built 1.5 kilometers up the slope, 3650 m above sea level, from tightly fitting blocks that could not be moved by the most modern machines. The Incas not only brought these giant slabs to the top of the mountain, but also erected three shafts from them. Now no one can say how they built the fortress. Construction was completed several decades later, already under Pachacuti’s son, Huayna Capac. Each rampart stretches for 360 meters and consists of 21 bastions. Some of these bastions are pushed forward, some are pushed back. The most powerful is the first fortress wall. It is made up of stone blocks nine meters high, five meters wide, and four meters thick. There were several trapezoid-shaped gates in the walls that could be locked using stone blocks. The fortress had three large towers that housed troops whose task was to guard and defend Cuzco. The conquistadors destroyed them first of all - so that they would not turn into a base for the rebel Indians.
In the Quechua language, "Sacsayhuaman" means "gray-colored bird of prey." Indeed, if you look from above, the outlines of the fortress really resemble a bird. But first of all, another analogy suggests itself - the walls of the fortress are made in the shape of zigzags, which is very similar to lightning.
Sacsayhuaman was the military and religious center of the Incas, the main fortress guarding the then Indian city of Cuzco. During excavations in the central square of the fortress, more than 300 figurines were found, apparently serving cult purposes.
The main element of the citadel, which speaks of its purpose as a defensive structure, is three towers, each of which could accommodate up to 1000 soldiers. According to historians, they had the height of a seven-story building. The entrance to the fortress was located at the end of one of the ledges, and it was not visible from the front.
The entire fortress is made of huge stone blocks. The weight of many of them exceeds tens of tons, but, nevertheless, they are fitted so tightly to each other that not even a small gap is visible. A favorite, but no less true comparison: you cannot insert a needle or a knife blade between stones. Moreover, not even a trace of mortar is visible between the stones! It seems as if they were placed one on top of the other by a giant hand, and are held in place solely by the magic word, or, more logically, by their own weight. But, even so, they stand surprisingly firmly. The greatest destruction of the fortress was caused by the same Spaniards, who used the stones of Sacsayhuaman as building material for Catholic churches in conquered Cuzco.
The rest of the time, despite the fact that more than 500 years had passed, the fortress was practically not destroyed. The area in which the capital and the citadel are built is quite seismically active, but the builders of Sacsayhuaman took this into account and built their creation to be resistant to earthquakes - a similar conclusion was reached by researchers of the mysterious Machu Picchu, which stands on the top of the mountain of the same name. The outer edges of the stones are slightly convex, like fluffed down pillows. This was probably done to prevent the besiegers from clinging to the walls in an attempt to take possession of the strategic structure. But it is much more interesting to know how this effect was achieved - were they really ground and polished by hand?
A number of scientists suggest that the rock, in a way unknown to us, was previously softened or melted, and on the spot stones were cast from them - a kind of bricks - of the required shape. The largest stone weighs approximately 360 tons and has at least 12 corners. He is taller than a man standing at full height.
Did Sacsayhuaman have a function other than defensive? The 300 cult figurines found indicate that there was also a religious function. There are suggestions that the entire complex had a religious purpose and was one large House of the Sun.
Mysterious artifacts of ancient civilizations are located in the Nazca desert, represented by huge drawings. Amazing geoglyphs appeared in 200 BC, covering vast areas off the coast of Peru. Engraved into sandy soil, they illustrate animals and geometric shapes.
The images, also represented by lines, are very similar to landing strips. The Nazca people, who created the wonderful drawings, did not leave any records about the purpose of the large-scale images. Perhaps, due to their prehistoric era, they had not yet discovered the advantages of a written language, or something else held them back.
Not advanced enough for a written language, they nevertheless left a great mystery to future civilizations. We still wonder how such complex projects were implemented at that time.
Some theorists believe that the Nazca lines represent constellations and correlate with the location of stars. It is also suggested that the geoglyphs must have been viewed from the heavens, with some lines forming runways for alien visitors to Earth.Another thing amazes us: if the “artists” themselves did not have the opportunity to view images from the sky, then how did the Nazca peoples create absolutely symmetrical images? In the absence of records from that time, we have no plausible explanations other than the involvement of extraterrestrial technology.
GIANT FINGER OF EGYPT.
The 35-centimeter-long artifact, according to legend, was discovered in the 1960s in Egypt. Unknown researcher Gregor Sporri, meeting the owner of the artifact in 1988, paid $300 to photograph the finger and conduct an x-ray. There is even an x-ray image of the finger, as well as a stamp of authenticity.
Original photo taken in 1988
However, not a single scientist studied the finger, and the person who owned the artifact left no opportunity to hear the details. This may contribute to the fact that the giant's finger is a hoax, or indicate a civilization of giants that lived on the earth before us.
STONE DISCS OF THE DROPA TRIBE.
As reported in the history of the artifact, Cho Pu Tei, a professor of archeology (an actual archaeologist) of Beijing, was on an expedition with his students to explore caves deep in the Himalayan mountains. Located between Tibet and China, a number of caves were clearly man-made as they consisted of tunnel systems and rooms.
There were small skeletons in the cells of the rooms, speaking of a dwarf culture. Professor Tay suggested that they are an undocumented species of mountain gorilla. The truth was that the ritual burial was very confusing.
Hundreds of disks with a diameter of 30.5 centimeters with perfect holes in the center were also found here. Researchers, having studied the paintings on the walls of the cave, came to the conclusion that the age is 12,000 years. The discs of mysterious purpose also date back to the same age.
Sent to Peking University, the Dropa disks (as they were called) were studied for 20 years. Many researchers and scientists tried to decipher the writings engraved on the disks, but they were not successful.Professor Tsum Um Nui from Beijing examined the disks in 1958 and came to the conclusion about an unknown language that had never appeared anywhere before. The engraving itself was done to such an elaborate level that it required a magnifying glass to read. All the results of the decryptions went into the area of the extraterrestrial origin of artifacts.
Tribal Legend: Ancient dropas descended from the clouds. Our ancestors, women and children hid in caves ten times before sunrise. When the fathers finally understood the sign language, they found out that those who came had peaceful intentions.
ARTIFACT, SPARK PLUG AT 500,000 YEARS OLD.
In 1961, a very strange artifact was discovered in the Coso Mountains, California. Looking for additions to their display, the owners of a small gem store set out to collect several specimens. However, they were lucky to find not just a valuable stone or a rare fossil, but a real mechanical artifact of deep antiquity.
The mysterious mechanical device looked like a modern car spark plug. Analysis and X-ray examination revealed a porcelain filling containing copper rings, a steel spring and a magnetic rod on the inside. Adding to the mystery is an unidentifiable powdery white substance inside.
After conducting research on the artifact and the marine fossils covering the surface, it turned out that the artifact “fossilized” about 500,000 years ago.However, scientists were in no hurry to analyze the artifact. They were probably afraid of accidentally disproving generally accepted theories by saying that we are not the first technologically advanced civilization. Or the planet really was a popular place among aliens, often being repaired on Earth.
MECHANISM OF ANTIKYTHERA.
In the last century, divers have been clearing ancient Greek treasures from the site of the Antikythera shipwreck, which dates back to 100 BC. Among the artifacts they found 3 parts of a mysterious device. The device had bronze triangular teeth and is believed to have been used to track the complex movements of the Moon and other planets.
The mechanism used a differential gear consisting of over 30 gears of different sizes with triangular teeth that were always counted down to prime numbers. It is believed that if all teeth are proven to be prime numbers, then they can clarify the astronomical secrets of the ancient Greeks.
The Antikythera mechanism had a knob that allowed the user to enter past and future dates and then calculate the positions of the Sun and Moon. The use of differential gears made it possible to calculate angular velocities and calculate lunar cycles.
No other artifacts discovered since this time are advanced. Instead of using a geocentric representation, the mechanism was built on heliocentric principles, which were not common at the time. It seems that the ancient Greeks managed to independently build the world's first analog computer.Alexander Jones, a historian, deciphered some of the inscriptions and said the device used colored balls to represent the Sun, Mars and Moon. Okay, from the inscriptions we found out where the device was created, but no one said how it was made. Is it possible that the Greeks knew more about the solar system and technology than we previously thought?
PLANES OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS.
Egypt is not unique to theories about ancient aliens and high technology. Small gold objects dating back to 500 AD have been discovered in Central and South America. era.
More precisely, dating is a bit of a challenge, since the items are entirely made of gold, so the date was estimated using stratigraphy. This may fool some people into thinking it's a hoax, but the artifacts date back at least 1,000 years.
The artifacts are interesting because of their amazing similarity to ordinary airplanes. Archaeologists have designated the finds as zoomorphic for their resemblance to animals. However, comparing them with birds and fish (which have similar characteristics from an animal point of view) seems to lead to the desired conclusion. In any case, such a comparison raises serious doubts.
Why do they look so much like airplanes? They have wings, stabilizing elements and landing mechanisms, which have called on researchers to recreate one of the ancient figures.
Being created to scale but precise in proportions, this ancient artifact appears very similar to a modern fighter. After the reconstruction, it was documented that the plane, although not very good aerodynamically, flew wonderfully.
Is it possible that 1000 years ago ancient astronauts visited us and left design solutions for what we now call “airplanes”? In addition, the aerodynamic characteristics on the home planet of the “guests” may be different from terrestrial conditions.
Perhaps this is a model of a space shuttle (by the way, we are designing the same shape). Or is it more plausible to think that the artifact represents an overly inaccurate representation of the birds and the bees?
The ancient world may have been in contact with many alien races, as evidenced by the rich collection of stories detailing the encounters. Many cultures, separated by thousands of years, contain tales of flying objects and technologies so advanced that they seem like hoaxes to us.
Archaeologist Damian Waters and his team discovered three elongated skulls in the La Paille region of Antarctica, reports americanlivewire.com. The discovery came as a complete surprise to the world of archeology, since the skulls are the first human remains
Unanswered Questions . Three elongated skulls were discovered in Antarctica.
Archaeologist Damian Waters and his team discovered three elongated skulls in the La Paille region of Antarctica, reports americanlivewire.com. The discovery came as a complete surprise to the world of archeology as the skulls are the first human remains discovered in Antarctica and the continent was thought to have never been visited by humans until the modern era.
“We just can't believe it! We didn't just find human remains in Antarctica, we found elongated skulls! I have to pinch myself every time I wake up, I just can't believe it! This will force us to reconsider our view of human history as a whole!” - explains M. Waters excitedly
As is known, previously elongated skulls were found in Peru and Egypt.
But this discovery is absolutely incredible. It shows that there was contact thousands of years ago between civilizations in Africa, South America and Antarctica.
Giant footprint discovered in South Africa
It is located near the town of Mpaluzi, close to the Swaziland border. It is estimated that the time when this imprint was left is at least 200 million years. Geologists were surprised by this giant footprint, about 120 cm in length. This may be one of the best evidence that giants existed on Earth in time immemorial. The fact that the trace is now in a vertical plane is not surprising - this is explained by the shift of tectonic plates. Several similar formations are located in India and Australia.
Stone plate from Nepal
The Loladoff plate is a stone dish whose age exceeds 12 thousand years. This artifact was found in Nepal. The images and clear lines carved on the surface of this flat stone led many researchers to believe that it was of extraterrestrial origin. After all, ancient people couldn’t process stone so skillfully? In addition, the “plate” depicts a creature that is very reminiscent of an alien in its famous form
Figurines from Ecuador
Figures very reminiscent of astronauts were found in Ecuador, their age is more than 2000 years.
Lizard people
Al-Ubaid - an archaeological site in Iraq - is a real gold mine for archaeologists and historians. A large number of objects of the El Obeid culture, which existed in southern Mesopotamia between 5900 and 4000 BC, were found here.
Some of the artifacts found are particularly strange. For example, some figurines depict figures of creatures with heads similar to lizards. There have been suggestions that these figurines are images of aliens who flew to Earth at that time. The true nature of the figurines remains a mystery.
Jade discs: a puzzle for archaeologists
In ancient China, around 5000 BC, large stone discs made of jade were placed in the graves of local nobles. Their purpose, as well as the manufacturing method, still remains a mystery to scientists, because jade is a very durable stone.
Sabu's Disc: The Unsolved Mystery of Egyptian Civilization.
The mystical ancient artifact, believed to be part of an unknown mechanism, was found by Egyptologist Walter Bryan in 1936 while examining the tomb of Mastaba Sabu, who lived around 3100 - 3000 BC. The burial place is located near the village of Sakkara.
The artifact is a regular round thin-walled stone plate made of meta-silt (metasilt in Western terminology), with three thin edges bent towards the center and a small cylindrical sleeve in the middle. In places where the edge petals bend towards the center, the circumference of the disk continues with a thin rim of circular cross-section about a centimeter in diameter. The diameter is approximately 70cm, the circle shape is not ideal. This plate raises a number of questions, both about the unclear purpose of such an item, and about the method by which it was made, since it has no analogues.
It is quite possible that five thousand years ago the Saba disk had some important role. However, at the moment, scientists cannot accurately determine its purpose and complex structure. The question remains open.
St. Petersburg archaeologists found fossilized metal gear cylinders in Kamchatka, which turned out to be parts of a mechanism. They are 400 million years old.
This is not the first time that ancient artifacts have been found in this region.
This find is inlaid in stone, which is understandable since there are numerous volcanoes on the peninsula. Spectral analysis showed that the mechanism was made of metal parts, and all parts were dated back 400 million years!
The creations of human hands, walled up in rocks whose age is estimated at millions of years, were ignored until recently. After all, the findings violated the generally accepted fact of human evolution and even the formation of life on Earth. What kind of artifacts are found in rocks in which, according to the existing theory of the origin and development of man, there should be absolutely nothing?
A vase 600 million years old and a bolt 300 million years old
A report about an extremely unusual find was published in a scientific journal in 1852. It was about a mysterious vessel about 12 cm high, two halves of which were discovered after an explosion in one of the quarries. This vase with clear images of flowers was located inside a rock 600 million years old.
In the Kaluga region, a fragment of a stone was found, on the chip of which a bolt of approximately 1 cm in length was found to be inexplicably embedded in the rock. The find was examined in the laboratories of leading Russian institutes, museums, and simply well-known specialists. The assessment is clear: the bolt got into the rock during the process of its hardening, this happened 300 - 320 million years ago.
Texas Hammer
In 1934, an ancient hammer was discovered in Texas. Its length was 15 cm, diameter - 3 cm. During storage in the ground, the hammer handle turned into coal - still - the age of the rock in which it was discovered was estimated at 140 million years. Another very interesting fact is that the hammer is made of almost pure iron (97%) - even modern people cannot produce this.
And anyone can admire the next item - just by traveling to India. Near the Qutub Minar tower in Delhi stands an iron column 7.5 meters high.
The diameter of its base is 41.6 cm, towards the top it is slightly narrowed - the upper diameter is about 30 cm. This column weighs 6.8 tons. Who, when and where (it was not made in Delhi) created it remains a mystery to this day.
But the most interesting thing is the composition of the column. It consists of 99.72% iron and only 0.28% is impurities. There is almost no corrosion on the black-blue surface of the megalith (only barely noticeable spots).
The strange thing is that the production of pure iron is very difficult and is not done in large quantities. And it is simply impossible to produce iron of such purity, even with modern equipment.
Stone head from Guatemala
Half a century ago, deep in the jungles of Guatemala, searchers found a gigantic monument - a stone head of a man of enormous size. The face depicted on the statue had beautiful features, he had thin lips and a large nose, his gaze was directed towards the sky. The searchers were very surprised by their discovery: the face had obvious features of a white man, and was sharply different from any representatives of the pre-Hispanic civilizations of South America. The find quickly attracted attention, but it was also quickly forgotten, and information about the statue disappeared from the pages of history.
Researchers believe that the facial features of the statue depicted a representative of an ancient civilization that was much more advanced than the local inhabitants before the arrival of the Spaniards. Some have also suggested that the head of the statue also had a torso. Unfortunately, we will probably never know for sure: the head was used as a target for training of revolutionary troops and its features were destroyed almost without a trace.
However, the giant stone statue existed and there is no reason to believe that the photo is a fake. So where did she come from? Who created it? And for what?
Shigir idol
In 1890, on the eastern slope of the Middle Urals, northwest of Yekaterinburg, in the Shigir peat bog, an idol was found, which later became known as the large Shigir idol.
The Shigir idol is a completely unique archaeological monument. It has no analogues not only in the Urals, but also in the world! The Shigir idol is the oldest wooden sculpture on our planet, made in the eighth millennium BC - during the Mesolithic era, according to carbon analysis done in 1997. This archaeological miracle was preserved thanks to two factors. Firstly, the idol is made of durable larch. Secondly, the idol was found in a peat bog and peat, as a natural preservative, protected it from decomposition. Its height after reconstruction is 5.3 meters.
Stone atoms of antiquity?
There are five unusual carved stone balls in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum of Scotland. Archaeologists find it difficult to explain the purpose of these objects. They are made of various materials - sandstone and granite.
The age of the stones dates back to approximately between 3000 and 2000 BC. In total, about 400 such artifacts were found in Scotland, but five of them, stored in the museum, are the most unusual. As you can see in the photo, strange symmetrical patterns are applied to the surface of the stones.
Most of the stones have the same diameter of 70 mm, with the exception of a few larger ones, whose dimensions reach 114 mm in diameter. The number of convexities on the stones ranges from 4 to 33; spiral patterns are applied to the surface of some of the convexities.
Five of the Ashmolean Stones were formerly in the collection of Sir John Evans, who believed they might have been used as projectiles for the throwing weapons of antiquity. However, this explanation does not seem to be correct, since all the stones do not show any damage, which would inevitably happen if they were used during military skirmishes. And the very shape of the stones and the complexity of their manufacture suggest that it is pointless to use so much effort to make throwing devices.
Other versions suggest the use of these artifacts as cargo for fishing nets. Or as ritual objects, giving their owner the right to vote during various rituals. But all these versions do not explain why it was necessary to make stones of such a complex shape.
There is another possible explanation. Perhaps these stones are a schematic representation of atomic nuclei? This image of atoms is widely used in the modern world. Is it possible that whoever made these artifacts had deep knowledge of chemistry and could depict various atomic structures?
At least, the method of making these artifacts leaves no doubt that the master was well versed in geometry, having a good understanding of complex polyhedra. However, it is generally accepted that during the Neolithic people did not possess such knowledge. Or is that not true?
"Genetic disk"
This disc contains several images of processes that in ordinary life can only be seen under a microscope.
This 6,000-year-old disk was found in the jungles of Colombia. The diameter of the disk is 27 centimeters and it is made of the material lidite or radiolarite, which is not inferior in hardness to granite. At the same time, it is layered and difficult to process. However, with pinpoint precision along the circumference of the disc - on both sides - the entire process of the birth of a human being is depicted - from the structure of the reproductive organs of a man and a woman, the moment of conception, the intrauterine development of the fetus through all its stages - to the birth of the baby. Scientists have seen many of these processes with their own eyes relatively recently, using appropriate instruments. But the authors of the disc possessed this knowledge perfectly.
The disk shows images of a man, a woman and a child, the strange thing here is the way the human head is depicted. If this is not a stylistic image, then what species do these people belong to?
By the way, in the same Colombia there is a little-known “Valley of Statues” or the Archaeological Park of San Agustin with hundreds of stone statues depicting some unreal creatures. In my opinion, they are similar to the images on the “genetic disk”:
Mysterious finds of Elias Sotomayor: The oldest globe and others
A large treasure trove of ancient artifacts was discovered by an expedition led by Elias Sotomayor in 1984. In the Ecuadorian La Mana mountain range, 300 stone artifacts were discovered in a tunnel at a depth of over ninety meters.
It is currently impossible to determine the exact age of the finds. However, it is already known that they do not belong to any of the known cultures of this region. The symbols and signs carved on the stone clearly belong to Sanskrit, but not to the later version, but rather to the early one. A number of scholars have identified this language as Proto-Sanskrit.
Before Sotomayor's discovery, Sanskrit had never been associated with the American continent; rather, it was attributed to the cultures of Europe, Asia and northern Africa.
Among the finds were a pyramid with an eye and a stone cobra. The shape of the stone pyramid most closely resembles the pyramids at Giza. Thirteen rows of stone masonry were carved on the pyramid. In its upper part there is an image of the “all-seeing eye”. Thus, the pyramid found in La Mana is an exact representation of the Masonic sign known to most of humanity thanks to the US one dollar bill.
Unusual items
Another amazing discovery of Sotomayor's expedition is a stone image of a king cobra, made with great artistry. And it’s not even about the high level of art of ancient artisans. Everything is much more mysterious, because the king cobra is not found in America. Its habitat is the tropical rainforests of India.
However, the quality of its image leaves no doubt that the artist personally saw this snake. Thus, either the object with the image of a snake applied to it, or its author, must have moved from Asia to America across the ocean in ancient times, when, as is believed, no means existed for this.
Perhaps Sotomayor's third astonishing discovery will provide the answer. One of the oldest globes on Earth, also made of stone, was also discovered in the La Mana tunnel. On the far from perfect ball, the craftsman may have simply spared effort in making it, but the round boulder bears images of continents familiar from school days.
But if many of the outlines of the continents differ little from modern ones, then from the coast of Southeast Asia towards America the planet looks completely different. Huge masses of land are depicted where now only a boundless sea splashes.
The Caribbean islands and the Florida peninsula are completely absent. Just below the equator in the Pacific Ocean there is a gigantic island, approximately equal in size to modern Madagascar. Modern Japan is part of a giant continent that extends to the shores of America and extends far to the south. It remains to add that the find in La Mana is apparently the oldest map of the world.
Sotomayor's other findings are no less interesting. In particular, a “service” of thirteen bowls was discovered. Twelve of them have a perfectly equal volume, and the thirteenth is much larger. If you fill 12 small bowls with liquid to the brim, and then pour them into a large one, then it will be filled exactly to the brim. All bowls are made of jade. The purity of their processing suggests that the ancients had a stone processing technology similar to a modern lathe.
So far, Sotomayor's findings raise more questions than they answer. But they once again confirm the thesis that our information about the history of the Earth and humanity is still very far from perfect.
Artifacts of Terteria
50 years ago, in 1961, in the town of Terteria (Romania), archaeologist Nicolae Vlassa discovered three unfired clay tablets dating back to the mid-6th millennium BC. The Tartarian tablets are the earliest written evidence, being at least a thousand years older than the Sumerian writings in Mesopotamia.
The discovery remained virtually unknown even after similar tablets were discovered in other areas of the Balkans: in Bulgaria (Karanovo, Gracanica), Greece (the shores of Lake Orestiada), Serbia, Hungary, Ukraine, Moldova.
Thus, over the past decades, a number of arguments have emerged in support of the hypothesis that pictographic writing appeared in southeastern Europe long before the Sumerian writing system in Mesopotamia.