Organizations of the armed forces of the Russian Federation. The Russian army is a long way to perfection

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation consist of central bodies of military control, associations, formations, units, subunits and organizations that are included in the types and types of troops, in the rear of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and in troops that are not included in the types and types of troops.

To central authorities include the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Defense of Russia), the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as a number of departments in charge of certain functions and subordinate to certain deputies of the Minister of Defense or directly to the Minister of Defense. In addition, the composition of the central governing bodies includes the High Commands of the branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Type of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation- this is their component, distinguished by special weapons and designed to perform the assigned tasks, as a rule, in any environment (on land, in water, in the air). This is Ground troops, Air Force, Navy.

Each branch of the RF Armed Forces consists of branches of service (forces), special forces and rear services.

Under kind of troops is understood as a part of the service of the RF Armed Forces, which is distinguished by its main armament, technical equipment, organizational structure, the nature of training and the ability to perform specific combat missions. In addition, there are independent types of troops. In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, these are the Strategic Missile Forces, the Aerospace Defense Forces and the Airborne Forces.

Associations- these are military formations, including several formations or associations of a smaller scale, and TE.KZh6 units and institutions. The formations include the army, flotilla, as well as the military district - a territorial combined arms association and the fleet - a naval association.

Military district is a territorial combined arms association military units, connections, educational institutions, military institutions of various types and types of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The military district covers the territory of several subjects of the Russian Federation.

Fleet- the highest operational association of the Navy. Commanders of districts and fleets direct their troops (forces) through headquarters subordinate to them.

Formations are military formations consisting of several units or formations of a smaller composition, usually various types of troops (forces), special troops (services), as well as units (subdivisions) of support and maintenance. Formations include corps, divisions, brigades and other equivalent military formations. The word "connection" means the connection of parts: the division headquarters has the status of a unit to which other units (regiments) are subordinate. Together, this is the division. However, in some cases, the brigade can also have the status of a connection. This happens if it includes separate battalions and companies, each of which in itself has the status of a unit. The brigade headquarters in this case, like the division headquarters, has the status of a unit, and the battalions and companies, as independent units, are subordinate to the brigade headquarters.

Part- is an organizationally independent combat and administrative-economic unit in all types of the RF Armed Forces. The concept of "part" most often refers to the regiment and brigade. In addition to them, division headquarters, corps headquarters, army headquarters, district headquarters, as well as other military organizations (military department, army hospital, garrison clinic, district food warehouse, district song and dance ensemble, garrison house of officers, garrison consumer services complex, central school of junior specialists, etc.). Parts can be ships of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ranks, separate battalions (divisions, squadrons), as well as separate companies that are not part of battalions and regiments. Regiments, separate battalions, divisions and squadrons are awarded the Battle Flag, and the ships of the Navy - the Naval Flag.

Subdivision- all military formations that are part of the unit. Squad, platoon, company, battalion - they are all united by one word "unit". The word comes from the concept of "division, divide", i.e. part is divided into divisions.

To organizations include such structures for ensuring the life of the RF Armed Forces, such as military medical institutions, officers' houses, military museums, editorial offices of military publications, sanatoriums, rest houses, camp sites, etc.

Rear of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation designed to provide all types of material resources and maintenance of their stocks, prepare and operate communications, ensure military transportation, repair weapons and military equipment, provide medical care to the wounded and sick, carry out sanitary and hygienic and veterinary measures and perform a number of other logistics tasks. The rear of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation includes arsenals, bases, warehouses with stocks of materiel. It has special troops (automobile, railway, road, pipeline, engineering and airfield, etc.), as well as repair, medical, rear guards and other units and subunits.

Quartering and arrangement of troops- the activities of the Russian Ministry of Defense in the creation and engineering support of military infrastructure facilities, quartering troops, creating conditions for the strategic deployment of the RF Armed Forces and the conduct of hostilities.

The troops that are not included in the types and types of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation include the Border Troops, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (MVD of Russia), the Troops civil defense.

Border troops designed to protect the state border, the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation, as well as to solve problems of protecting the biological resources of the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation and to implement state control in this domain. Organizationally, the Border Troops are part of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia designed to ensure the security of the individual, society and the state, to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens from criminal and other unlawful encroachments.

Civil Defense Troops- these are military formations that own special equipment, weapons and property, designed to protect the population, material and cultural values ​​on the territory of the Russian Federation from the dangers arising from the conduct of hostilities or as a result of these actions. Organizationally, the Civil Defense Troops are part of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters.

The integrity of any state depends on many factors: external and internal opponents, the economic situation, the general standard of living. The leaders of the country have to take into account all these aspects and promptly resolve emerging situations.

Accordingly, the tools for performing a particular task are provided for their own. For example, in order to maintain sovereignty and protect their people from interventionists, the Russian armed forces exist.

Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - V. V. Putin

The history of the creation of the RF Armed Forces

The Russian armed forces number about 2 million people. This number includes both professional military and conscripts. There are also civilian specialists in the Armed Forces. Billions of rubles are allocated annually for the needs of the Armed Forces. These funds are used for re-equipment, the development of new types of weapons, salaries for the military.

In addition to protecting state integrity and repelling foreign aggression, the Army of the Russian Federation is also involved in more subtle processes. Sometimes it is necessary to act on the territory of other countries to preserve the peace. A striking example is the situation in Syria. Where the army of the RF Armed Forces and its VKS (Aerospace Forces) of Russia took part in the defeat of terrorist groups.

Historical dates when the armed forces of the RF Armed Forces were created:

Structure of the Russian Army

The composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation includes many different structures. All of them have a clear focus and division into areas of their responsibility. The structure of the Russian Army consists of various branches of the military.

Troop types:

• Ground Forces (SV);
• Aerospace Forces (VKS);
• Navy (Navy);
• Separate types of troops;
• Special Troops.

Ground troops

They are the most numerous. Their primary task is to carry out offensive and defensive operations. Thanks to the technical equipment, the modern armed forces of the Russian Federation can carry out operations to break through the enemy's echeloned defenses, capture key points and cities. At the head of the ground forces is Colonel-General Oleg Leonidovich Salyukov.

The SV includes the following types of troops:

	Troop name	Short description
		Motorized infantry capable of covering considerable distances. The composition includes infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, military trucks. Divided into divisions. Has tanks, artillery, etc.
		Main striking force. The primary purpose of a breakthrough behind enemy lines. Able to lead fighting under high radiation conditions. The composition also includes missile, motorized rifle and other units.
		The composition includes barrel, rocket, mortar artillery. There are intelligence and supply units
		Serve to protect the SV from enemy air attacks
	Special Forces	Various types of troops with a narrow specialization. This includes automotive parts, EW troops, chemical and biological defense, and others.

The main purpose of this type of troops is the struggle for the health of soldiers in peacetime and wartime. The MV includes mobile and stationary hospitals. In addition, in peacetime, the duties of this service include providing army units with medical equipment and training personnel in first aid.

In combat conditions, the value of MC increases many times. They provide timely medical care to wounded servicemen, provide inpatient treatment for the speedy return of the soldier to duty.

Aerospace Force

The main structure of the Russian Army is the VKS. They were created to gain air supremacy, conduct reconnaissance operations, transport military equipment and personnel in the operational mode, protect the SV from enemy air raids.

The composition also includes long-range, or strategic aviation. Its purpose is to disable industrial and economic facilities. Both cruise missiles with simple warheads and those equipped with nuclear elements can be used.

Separately, the Aerospace Forces includes the Anti-Missile and Air Defense divisions. Their tasks include:

• protection of objects on the territory of the country;
• obstruction of air reconnaissance by the enemy;
• defense against small, medium and long-range ballistic missiles, including components of nuclear weapons of the armed forces of the Russian Federation.

To ensure the protection of the Russian Federation in the space sphere, there are Space Forces.

commander in chief- Bondarev V.N.

Navy

It includes surface and submarine fleets, naval aviation and coastal rocket and cannon artillery, as well as coastal defense forces and marines. WWII is engaged in the defense of the sea borders of our country, but can also be used as offensive forces.

Submarines equipped with nuclear missiles are an important element of deterrence.

Commander-in-Chief of the Navy- Admiral V. Korolev.

The fleet is also engaged in the delivery of other types of troops to various parts of the world: tank, air, etc. Naval aviation includes aircraft and helicopters based on aircraft carriers.

Strategic Rocket Forces (RVSN)

Nuclear shield of our state. This includes ballistic missiles of different ranges: medium, small, intercontinental. They are based both in stationary facilities and on mobile platforms, wheeled chassis and even nuclear trains. They are the main tool of containment tactics.

commander in chief- S. Karakaev.

Airborne Troops (VDV)

Infantry of increased mobility, deployed through the air. Is different high level combat training. It is equipped with special military equipment, also transported by air.

commander in chief- A. Serdyukov.

Emblems of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Picture	Type of army	Short description
		Units conducting offensive and defensive operations on land. Equipped with tanks, artillery, air defense systems
		Provide medical support to the army
		Designed for the defense of the air and outer space of the Russian Federation. Includes strategic aviation
		Surface and submarine ships, naval aviation and infantry, defense of the country's water borders
		Russian nuclear shield
		Rapid reaction troops
	Separate genera	Rear services

Armament

The modern Russian army uses the following weapons.

Tanks:

A photo	Name	Short description	Crew	Armament	Add. systems
	T-72	Main battle tank with a carousel loading system. Crew of 3 people. 125 mm caliber gun. There is an anti-aircraft machine gun. It can have dynamic and active protection. Diesel engine.	3	The caliber of the main gun is 125 mm, the secondary one is 7.62 and 15.5 mm anti-aircraft machine guns. On later modifications, small-caliber 20-mm guns are mounted to work on infantry and lightly armored targets.	Thermal imagers, noctovisors, dynamic protection, active protection systems, devices for creating a smoke screen
	T-80	Tank with a gas turbine engine. It is a high-quality reinforcement of armored units.
	T-90	Shallow modernization of the T-72 tank. The main differences are in the suspension and the ammunition used.

Infantry fighting vehicles:

A photo	Name	Short description	Crew/ landing	Armament
		Infantry support. It has a fighting compartment in which soldiers are transported. Equipped with an automatic cannon and guided missiles.	3/8	73 mm gun, anti-tank guided missiles
		Quality upgrade. Better armor, weapons.	3/7	30 mm autocannon, 7.62 mm machine gun, anti-tank missiles
		Installed another power plant and gun.	2/9	Combat module of 30 and 100 mm guns, 3 machine guns, ATGM

Airborne combat vehicle:

A photo	Name	Short description	Crew	landing	Armament
		Specially designed for the needs of the Airborne Forces. Relative to the BMD, it has less weight and dimensions. The armament is identical.	2	5	3 machine guns 7.62 mm, autocannon 73 mm, ATGM
		Improved model. It can parachute with troops in the fighting compartment.			30 mm automatic cannon, machine guns, Konkurs ATGM
		The latest modification. Significantly relieved. The weapons complex has changed.			Automatic grenade launcher, anti-tank missile launcher, machine guns and 30 mm cannon

Armored personnel carriers:

A photo	Name	Description	Crew	landing	Weapon
		Used to transport infantry. They differ in the wheel-motor system and armor.	2	8	14.5 mm and 7.62 mm machine guns
			3	7
			3	7	30 mm gun

Armored cars:

A photo	Name	Description	Speed, km/h	Equipment
		Armored car of Italian production of cross-country ability.	Up to 130	Heavy machine gun, armored glass, protection against land mines and mines
	GAZ-2975 "Tiger"	Modern domestic armored car. It has good armor, high-explosive protection. There is a modification with missiles "Competition"	Up to 140	Installation of 30-mm autocannons, various machine guns, AGS and ATGMs

Artillery and rocket troops:

A photo	Name	Short description	Crew	Equipment	Range of fire, km
		Cannon mount designed for fire support of advancing forces	6	152 mm gun, machine guns	up to 26
			4	152 mm gun	up to 20
			4	122 mm gun	Up to 15
	"Grad", "Smerch", "Pinocchio", "Sunshine"	Multiple launch rocket systems	Until 6	Rockets up to 300 mm caliber	Up to 120
		Tactical missile systems	To 10	Missiles of different ranges	Up to 120
			Up to several dozen	Missiles, including those with nuclear warheads	Up to 500
	Buk, Thor, Pantsir-S, S-300, S-400	Air defense systems	Up to several dozen	Missiles, mainly with small submunitions	Coverage up to 1000

Aviation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:

Picture	Name	Description	Equipment	Max. speed, km/h
		Fighters	Air-to-air missiles and small caliber guns	up to 2500
				up to 2500
				up to 2500
	Su-24, Su-34	frontline bombers	High-explosive bombs, including cluster bombs	up to 2200
		Stormtrooper	Guided and unguided missiles, guns, bombs	Before 2000
		Long range strategic bombers	Missiles, including those with nuclear warheads, and bombs	up to 2300
				Up to 750
				up to 2200
		Transport aircraft	—	up to 800
	An-72
	An-124
	IL-76
	IL-96-300PU	Radar detection aircraft	Equipped with specific equipment for electronic intelligence	up to 800
	A-50	air command post	—	up to 800
		Attack helicopters	Rockets, machine guns, cannons	Up to 600
		Army helicopters	Rockets, guns	up to 800

Navy ships:

Picture	Project	Type
		Aircraft carrier. Carries fighter jets. For defense, small-caliber guns and anti-aircraft missile launchers are provided.
	1164	Missile cruiser. It is used to destroy enemy fortifications and ships, using missiles of various calibers.
	1155	Anti-submarine ships. Armed with cannon artillery and torpedoes.
	775	Landing ship for transporting heavy armored vehicles and manpower. In addition to delivery, it provides cover for the landing forces.
	949	An underwater missile carrier carrying torpedoes in addition to missiles. Can launch from a submerged position. Carries nuclear weapons.

Number of members

The size of the army is a state secret. Therefore, in open sources there is only information for 2011. According to these data, the RF Armed Forces number about 1,000 thousand people, which is more than two times less than at the time of the creation of the armed forces of our country.

Service in the Russian army

In 2017, the term of service of a conscript soldier is 1 calendar year (in the Navy - 2). During this time, his training takes place. The course includes combat and rifle training. In addition, it all depends on the type of troops where the recruit gets. Depending on this, additional skills are taught.

During the service, the soldiers live in the barracks. They eat in common canteens. In case of illness, treatment takes place in the medical corps of the military unit.

There are also higher military educational institutions. The future officers are being trained there. Each military university has its own narrow specialization.

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Lesson type: lesson-lecture

Goals: to acquaint students with the structure, purpose and armament of the types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Lesson questions:

1. Purpose, tasks and structure of the Ground Forces, the Air Force, the Navy
2. Appointment of the Strategic Missile Forces, Airborne Forces, Space Forces
3. Tasks of the armed forces: border, civil defense, internal, railway

Lesson Plan

1. Organizing time
2. Introduction to the lesson
3. Types of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
4. Other troops of the RF Armed Forces
5. Types of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
6. Knowledge check
7. Homework

During the classes

Organizational moment: message of the topic of the lesson, work plan

Introduction to the lesson: teacher's message on the topic “Armies of the world: interesting facts”

(slides 3-10)

The most unusual maneuver before the attack

During the war of Russia against the Emirate of Bukhara in 1868, the infantry crossed the river right in front of the enemy's chest-deep water and occupied the height of Chapan-Ata in a bayonet attack. The maneuver was swift, there was no time to take off shoes and pour water. Therefore, the soldiers stood on their hands, while their comrades shook their legs.

A month later, in the battle, the Bukharians of the front ranks, approaching a rifle shot, stood up on their hands, and the rear began to conscientiously shake their legs.

They were firmly convinced that they had unraveled the Russian ritual that brought victory

The most unusual decree

Sew buttons on the front side of the sleeve of a soldier's uniform.

Purpose of the decree: to wean the soldiers, most of whom were recruited from the peasant environment, to wipe their mouths with their sleeves after eating, so that expensive cloth would last longer

The shortest war

In 1896, a war broke out between Britain and Zanzibar that lasted exactly 38 minutes.

Worst attack ever

During the Second World War, the Germans in Holland built a model airfield in great secrecy. Planes, hangars, cars, air defense systems - everything is made of wood. But one day an English bomber flew in and dropped a single bomb on the false airfield, after which the construction of the airfield stopped. The bomb was wooden

The most curious army laws

In Britain, only in 1947 was the post of a person obliged to fire a cannon at the time of Napoleon's invasion of England canceled

The most ridiculous war

In 1249, a soldier from Bologna fled to Modena, capturing an old oak tub from which he watered his horse. The authorities of Bologna demanded that they be given not a deserter, but a tub. Having been refused, Bologna began a war against Modena, which lasted 22 years and was accompanied by significant destruction. And the tub still remains in Modena and is stored in one of the towers of the city

The most unusual weapon

One Siamese king, retreating, ordered to fire at the enemy from cannons not with cannonballs, but with silver coins. Than completely disorganized the enemy and won the battle

Types of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Before studying the material, students are given a task in the form of tables, which they must fill in as the teacher explains the new material. (slide 11)

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin. The main functions of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces:

1. Defense policy leadership
2. Approval of plans for the construction and use of the army and navy
3. Appointment and dismissal of high military command
4. Assignment of higher military ranks
5. Conscription
6. Declaring a state of war
7. Orders of the Armed Forces for the conduct of hostilities (slide 12)

Direct leadership of the Armed Forces through the Ministry of Defense is carried out by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation (slide 12)

Types of the Armed Forces are divided according to natural environments (slide 13) in which they must conduct armed confrontation with the enemy. Based on this, their weapons, tactics of combat use, organization and all other characteristics are determined, up to the features of the uniform and food rations. The listed characteristics are also influenced by many other factors, among which the traditions that have developed over the entire history of the existence of the Aircraft Type are of decisive importance.

Ground forces (slides 14-25)

The history of the Ground Forces is the longest. Our ancestors, according to historians in the 5th-6th centuries, fought only on foot, practically without using cavalry. Therefore, the traditions expressed in the concepts of courage and resilience, self-sacrifice, military fraternity in the Ground Forces are expressed especially clearly.

Ground forces act accordingly on land. They are designed for:

• Covering the State Border
• Reflections of attacks of the aggressor
• Territory retention
• Defeat of groupings of troops
• Capturing enemy territory

The Ground Forces consist of military branches, special troops, formations, units of institutions and organizations of central subordination, and the rear of the Ground Forces.

Motorized infantry troops:

Designed to conduct combat operations independently, as well as in conjunction with other types of wax and special troops. The motorized rifle troops have motorized rifle, tank, missile, artillery, anti-aircraft missile units and units, as well as units of special troops and rear services.

Distinctive features are high mobility and maneuverability.

Tank forces:

They constitute the main striking force of the SV. They are used mainly in the main directions for delivering powerful and deep blows to the enemy.

Rocket troops and artillery:

They are the main means of fire and nuclear destruction of the enemy. They are called upon to solve fire missions in battle in the interests of other branches of the armed forces.

Air Defense Forces:

Designed to defeat an air enemy, cover groupings of troops, command posts, airfields and rear facilities from strikes.

Air Force (slides 26-34)

The Air Force is the youngest branch of the RF Armed Forces.

A great contribution to the creation of aviation was made by outstanding Russian scientists: N.E. Zhukovsky, K.E. Tsiolkovsky, S.A. Chaplygin. In 1882, naval officer A.F. Mozhaisky created the world's first aircraft. In 1913, the multi-engine aircraft "Russian Knight" was assembled, and later "Ilya Muromets". The advent of the jet engine caused a qualitative leap in the development of aviation. In 1946, the first jet-type aircraft Yak-15 and MiG-9 were launched into the air.

The modern structure of the Air Force was created in 1998 as a result of the merger of the Air Force and the Air Defense Forces.

Aviation types include: bomber, assault, fighter, reconnaissance, military transport, army, special.

The main tasks of the Air Force:

• Protecting the country from reconnaissance and air strikes
• Gaining air supremacy
• Defeat the enemy from the air
• Conducting integrated reconnaissance and performing special tasks
• Ensuring the actions of formations of the branches of the Armed Forces

Navy (slides 35 - 41)

On October 20, 1696, at the insistence of Peter I, the Boyar Duma adopted the historic decision “There will be sea vessels”. It is from this moment that the history of the development of the domestic navy begins.

The first permanent grouping of forces - the Azov Fleet - was formed from ships built in the winter of 1695-1696. Prior to the First World War, the fleet was homogeneous. Coastal troops (marines, coastal artillery) have existed since the beginning of the 18th century, they were not part of the fleet. On March 19, 1906, submarine forces were born and began to develop as a new branch of the Navy forces. 1914 - the first units of the Naval Aviation were formed. Mid-1930s - Naval aviation, coastal defense and air defense units became part of the Navy.

The regular Russian fleet for 3 centuries of its existence has covered itself with unfading glory. Gangut and Chesma, Sinop and Tendra, the defense of Sevastopol and Port Arthur are glorious pages of its history. The Russian Navy reached its greatest power in the second half of the 20th century. There was not a single corner of the World Ocean on the globe where our naval flag was not present.

The Navy is intended for the armed protection of Russia's interests, for conducting combat operations in the sea and ocean theaters of war.

The Navy is capable of inflicting nuclear strikes on enemy ground targets, destroying enemy fleet groups at sea and bases, disrupting ocean and sea communications and protecting its maritime transportation, assisting the Ground Forces, participating in repelling enemy landings, and performing other tasks.

The Navy organizationally includes the Northern, Pacific, Baltic and Black Sea fleets, as well as the Caspian military flotilla and the Leningrad naval base.

The role of the fleet in the history of Russia has always gone beyond the performance of purely military tasks. The presence of the fleet contributed to our country's active foreign policy. It has repeatedly become a deterrent for the enemy of our state in the event of a threat of war.

Other troops of the RF Armed Forces (slides 42-44)

In the structure of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, there are 3 types of troops that are not included in the branches of the Armed Forces. They are very different from each other in terms of tasks, structure and features of combat use, but they have one thing in common - they all act in the interests of the Armed Forces as a whole and are capable of performing their tasks both in cooperation with other components of the Armed Forces and independently. This independence in the performance of tasks, the specificity of the tasks themselves, required their separation into special structures.

Strategic Rocket Forces. Today, the Strategic Missile Forces are the main component of the strategic nuclear forces; they are armed with intercontinental combat missile systems of various types and are designed to be hit in nuclear war important enemy facilities, destruction of its strategic and other means of nuclear attack, destruction of large groupings of the Armed Forces, violations of state and military control, disorganization of the rear.

space troops - a fundamentally new type of troops, which is designed to ensure the security of Russia in outer space. The main tasks of the Space Forces are: bringing information to the top military-political leadership of the country about a missile attack, anti-missile defense of Moscow, the creation, deployment, maintenance and control of an orbital group of spacecraft.

Airborne Troops (VDV) - a mobile branch of the military, designed to perform combat missions behind enemy lines, as well as to act as a reserve of the Supreme High Command. The Airborne Forces can be used to: seize administrative and political centers, industrial facilities, enemy aviation and fleet base areas, capture and hold crossings on water barriers, mountain passes and passages, destroy nuclear attack weapons, disrupt command and control of troops and the enemy’s rear, disrupt the formation and the transfer of his reserves.

Types of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (slides 45-49)

The internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation are designed to ensure the security of the individual, society and the state, protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen from criminal and other unlawful encroachments. At the moment the number internal troops The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation is defined in the amount of 199,800 people. The special forces of the explosives are 16 mobile units.

Railway Troops are intended for restoration, construction, operation and technical cover railways used to provide transportation in wartime.

Border troops are designed to protect state borders on land, seas, rivers and lakes, as well as the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and their natural resources. The leadership of the border troops is carried out by the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. In Russia, the origin of the border service dates back to the 14th-15th centuries. In connection with the frequent raids of nomads on the southern and southeastern outskirts of the Moscow principality, from the 60s of the XIV century, guard posts and villages began to be set up. In the 16th century, the serif features were revived, and later, the fortified border lines and the performance of the border service took on the form of a public service.

Civil defense troops in peacetime participate in the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations: natural disasters, epidemics, major accidents and catastrophes that endanger public health and require emergency rescue operations. In the event of the outbreak of hostilities or the introduction of martial law by the President of the Russian Federation on the territory of the country or in its individual regions, the activities of the civil defense troops are carried out in full.

Intermediate knowledge test:

Checking the correctness of filling in tables by students, correcting errors (orally)

"Check yourself" (slides 50-62)

1. Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation?
2. Troops involved in maintaining public order?
3. The branch of the armed forces responsible for the restoration, construction, operation of railways used to provide military transportation?
4. To whom are the Border Troops subordinated and for what purpose?
5. What are the types of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation?
6. Formulate the main tasks solved by the Air Force?
7. What are the branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation?
8. What branch of the RF Armed Forces does the flag belong to?
9. Who is directly in charge of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation?
10. What is the purpose of the Russian Ground Forces?
11. Name the branch of the armed forces subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation?

Homework: prepare a report on the exploits of sailors, pilots, border guards in wartime or peacetime.

The main guarantor of the independence and inviolability of the borders of any state is its armed forces. Diplomacy and economic means are, of course, important (and effective) instruments of international politics, but only the country that is able to defend itself is viable. The entire political history of mankind is proof of this thesis.

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces) are currently one of the largest in the world in terms of numbers. In ratings compiled by expert groups, the Russian army is usually in the top five, along with the armed forces of China, India, the United States and North Korea. The size of the Russian army is determined by decrees of the President of the country, who, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Currently (summer 2018) it is 1,885,371 people, including about 1 million military personnel. Today, the mobilization resource of our country is approximately 62 million people.

Russia is a nuclear state. Moreover, our country has one of the largest arsenals of nuclear weapons, as well as sophisticated and numerous means of delivering them. The Russian Federation ensures a closed nuclear weapons production cycle.

Our country has one of the most developed military-industrial complexes in the world, the Russian military-industrial complex is able to provide the armed forces with almost the entire range of weapons, military equipment and ammunition from pistols to ballistic missiles. Moreover, Russia is one of the largest arms exporters in the world, with $14 billion worth of Russian weapons sold in 2017.

The armed forces of the Russian Federation were created on May 7, 1992 on the basis of units of the USSR Armed Forces, but the history of the Russian army is much longer and richer. It can be called the heiress not only of the armed forces of the USSR, but also of the Russian imperial army, which ceased to exist in 1917.

In our time, the recruitment of the Russian armed forces takes place according to a mixed principle: both through conscription into the army and on a contract basis. Modern state policy in the field of formation of the armed forces is aimed at increasing the number of professionals serving under the contract. At present, the entire sergeant staff of the RF Armed Forces is fully professional.

The annual budget of the Russian armed forces in 2018 was 3.287 trillion rubles. This is 5.4% of the country's total GDP.

Currently, the term of service in the Russian army on conscription is 12 months. Men between the ages of 18 and 27 can be drafted into the armed forces.

History of the Russian army

On July 14, 1990, the first Russian military department appeared. It was called the "State Committee of the RSFSR for support and interaction with the Ministry of Defense and the KGB of the USSR." After the August coup in Moscow, the Ministry of Defense of the RSFSR was formed on the basis of the committee for a short time.

After the collapse of the USSR, the Joint Armed Forces of the CIS countries were formed, but this was a temporary measure: on May 7, 1992, the first Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree on the creation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Initially, the RF Armed Forces included all military units located on the territory of the country, as well as troops that were under Russian jurisdiction. Then their number was 2.88 million people. Almost immediately, the question of reforming the armed forces arose.

The 90s were a difficult period for the Russian army. Chronic underfunding led to the fact that the best personnel left it, the purchase of new types of weapons practically ceased, many military factories were closed, and promising projects were stopped. Almost immediately after the creation of the Russian armed forces, plans appeared to completely transfer them to a contract basis, but the lack of funding for a long time did not allow moving in this direction.

In 1995, the first Chechen campaign began, which demonstrated the catastrophic situation of the Russian army. The troops were understaffed, the fighting showed serious shortcomings in their management.

In 2008, the RF Armed Forces took part in the conflict in South Ossetia. He revealed a large number of shortcomings and problems of the modern Russian army. The most serious of these were low troop mobility and poor handling. After the end of the conflict, the start of a military reform was announced, which was supposed to significantly increase the mobility of the Armed Forces units and increase the coordination of their joint actions. The result of the reform was a reduction in the number of military districts (four instead of six), a simplification of the ground forces command and control system, and a significant increase in the army budget.

All this made it possible to speed up the entry of new military equipment into the troops, to attract a greater number of contract professionals, and to increase the intensity of combat training of units.

In the same period, regiments and divisions began to be reorganized into brigades. True, in 2013 the reverse process began: regiments and divisions began to form again.

In 2014, the Russian army played a key role in the return of Crimea. In September 2018, the operation of the Russian Armed Forces in Syria began, which continues to this day.

The structure of the Russian army

According to the Russian Constitution, the overall leadership of the Russian armed forces is carried out by the Supreme Commander, who is the President of the country. He heads and forms the Security Council of the Russian Federation, whose tasks include the development of military doctrine and the appointment of the top leadership of the armed forces. The President of the country signs decrees on urgent conscription and dismissal of military personnel, approves various international documents in the field of defense and military cooperation.

The direct control of the armed forces is carried out by the Ministry of Defense. Its main task is to carry out state policy in the field of defense, maintain the constant readiness of the Armed Forces, develop the military potential of the state, resolve a wide range of social issues, and conduct activities for interstate cooperation in the military sphere.

Currently (since 2012), the Minister of Defense of Russia is General of the Army Sergei Shoigu.

The operational command of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is carried out by the General Staff of the country. His chief at the moment is General of the Army Valery Gerasimov.

The General Staff conducts strategic planning for the use of the armed forces, as well as other law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. This body is also involved in the operational and mobilization training of the Russian army. If necessary, it is under the leadership of the General Staff that the mobilization deployment of the RF Armed Forces takes place.

Now the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation include three types of troops:

Also an integral part of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are the following types of troops:

• Special Troops.

The most numerous are the Ground Forces, they include the following types of troops:

• tank;
• Air Defense Forces;
• Special Troops.

The ground forces are the backbone of the modern Russian army, they are the ones who carry out ground operations, seize territories and inflict the main damage on the enemy.

The Aerospace Forces are the youngest type of troops in the Russian army. The decree on their formation was issued on August 1, 2015. The VKS were created on the basis of the Russian Air Force.

The VKS includes the Air Force, consisting of army, front-line, long-range and military transport aviation. In addition, anti-aircraft missile troops and radio engineering troops are an integral part of the Air Force.

Another branch of the military, which is part of the VKS, is the air defense and anti-missile defense forces. Their task includes warning of a missile attack, control of the orbital constellation of satellites, missile defense of the Russian capital, launch spacecraft, testing various types of rocket and aviation equipment. The structure of these troops includes two cosmodromes: "Plesetsk" and "Baikonur".

Another component of the Air Force is the Space Force.

The navy is a branch of the armed forces that can conduct operations in the maritime and oceanic theaters of war. It is capable of inflicting nuclear and conventional strikes on enemy sea and land targets, landing troops on the coast, protecting the country's economic interests, and conducting search and rescue operations.

The composition of the Russian Navy includes surface, submarine forces, naval aviation, coastal troops and special forces. The submarine forces of the Russian Navy can carry out strategic tasks, they are armed with submarine missile carriers with ballistic nuclear missiles.

The coastal troops include units of the marine corps and missile and artillery coastal troops.

The Russian Navy includes four fleets: the Pacific, Black Sea, Baltic and Northern fleets, as well as the Caspian flotilla.

A separate branch of the military is the Strategic Missile Forces - this is the main component of Russia's nuclear forces. The Strategic Missile Forces is an instrument of global deterrence; it is a guarantee of a retaliatory strike in the event of a nuclear attack on our country. The main weapons of the Strategic Missile Forces are strategic intercontinental missiles with a mobile and silo-based nuclear warhead.

The Strategic Missile Forces include three missile armies (with headquarters in Omsk, Vladimir and Orenburg), the Kapustin Yar test site, research and educational institutions.

The airborne troops also belong to a separate branch of the military and are the reserve of the Commander-in-Chief. The first airborne units were formed in the USSR in the early 1930s. This branch of service has always been considered the elite of the army, it remains so to this day.

The composition of the Airborne Forces includes airborne and airborne assault units: divisions, brigades and separate units. The main purpose of the paratroopers is to conduct combat operations behind enemy lines. Today, the Airborne Forces of the Russian Federation include five divisions, five brigades and a separate communications regiment, as well as specialized educational institutions and training centers.

The RF Armed Forces also include special troops. This name refers to a set of units that ensure the normal functioning of the Ground Forces, Aerospace Forces and the Navy. Special troops include railway troops, medical service, road and pipeline troops, topographic service. This type of troops also includes special units of the GRU.

Territorial division of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Currently, the territory of Russia is divided into four military districts: Western (headquarters in St. Petersburg), Central (headquarters in Yekaterinburg), Southern (Rostov-on-Don) and Eastern with headquarters in Khabarovsk.

In 2014, it was announced the formation of a new military structure - the strategic command "North", whose task is to protect Russian state interests in the Arctic. In fact, this is another military district created on the basis of the Northern Fleet. It has land, air and naval components.

Armament of the Russian army

Most of the types of weapons and military equipment currently used by the Russian army were developed and manufactured back in the Soviet period. Tanks T-72, T-80, BTR-80, BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3, BMD-1, BMD-2 and BMD-3 - all this was inherited by the Russian army from the USSR. The situation is similar with cannon and rocket artillery (MLRS Grad, Uragan, Smerch) and aviation (MiG-29, Su-27, Su-25 and Su-24). It cannot be said that this technique is catastrophically outdated, it can be used in local conflicts against not very strong opponents. In addition, so many weapons and military equipment were produced in the USSR (63 thousand tanks, 86 thousand infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers) that they can be used for many more years.

However, this technique is already significantly inferior the latest analogues, adopted by the armies of the United States, China and Western Europe.

From about the middle of the last decade, new models of military equipment began to enter the arsenal of the Russian army. Today, the process of rearmament is actively going on in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Examples include the T-90 and T-14 Armata tanks, the Kurganets infantry fighting vehicle, the BMD-3 airborne combat vehicle, the BTR-82, the Tornado-G and Tornado-S MLRS, the tactical missile system " Iskander", the latest modifications of the Buk, Thor and Pantsir air defense systems. There is an active renewal of the aircraft fleet (Su-35, Su-30, Su-34). The fifth-generation Russian fighter PAK FA is being tested.

Currently, significant funds are also being invested in the re-equipment of the Russian strategic forces. Old missile systems, created back in the USSR, are gradually being taken off duty and replaced with new ones. New missiles are being developed (such as the Sarmat). Submarines-missile carriers of the fourth generation of the Borey project have been put into service. For them, a new Bulava missile system was developed.

The Russian Navy is also being re-equipped. According to the state program for the development of weapons (2011-2020), the Russian Navy should include ten new nuclear submarines (both missile and multi-purpose), twenty diesel submarines (Varshavyanka and Lada projects), fourteen frigates ( projects 2230 and 13356) and more than fifty corvettes of various projects.

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The backbone of any country's defense is its people. The course and outcome of most wars and armed conflicts depended on their patriotism, dedication and dedication.

Of course, in terms of preventing aggression, Russia will give preference to political, diplomatic, economic and other non-military means. However, the national interests of Russia require the presence of sufficient military power for its defense. We are constantly reminded of this by the history of Russia - the history of its wars and armed conflicts. At all times, Russia has fought for its independence, defended its national interests with arms in hand, and defended the peoples of other countries.

And today Russia cannot do without the Armed Forces. They are needed to defend national interests in the international arena, to contain and neutralize military threats and dangers, which, based on the trend in the development of the current military-political situation, are more than real.

Composition and organizational structure of the Russian armed forces

Armed Forces of the Russian Federation formed by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 1992. They are a state military organization that constitutes the defense of the country.

According to the Law of the Russian Federation "On Defense", the Armed Forces are designed to repel aggression and defeat the aggressor, as well as to perform tasks in accordance with the international obligations of the Russian Federation.

Russian Armed Forces consist of central bodies of military control, associations, formations, units, subunits and organizations that are included in the branches and arms of the Armed Forces, in the rear of the Armed Forces and in troops that are not included in the branches and arms of the Armed Forces.

To the central authorities include the Ministry of Defense, the General Staff, as well as a number of departments that are in charge of certain functions and are subordinate to certain deputy defense ministers or directly to the minister of defense. In addition, the High Commands of the branches of the Armed Forces are part of the central administrative bodies.

Type of Armed Forces- this is their component, distinguished by special weapons and designed to perform the assigned tasks, as a rule, in any environment (on land, in water, in the air). This is the Ground Forces. Air Force, Navy.

Each branch of the Armed Forces consists of branches of service (forces), special troops and rear services.

Under the line of troops is understood as a part of the type of the Armed Forces, which is distinguished by the main armament, technical equipment, organizational structure, the nature of training and the ability to perform specific combat missions. In addition, there are independent types of troops. In the Armed Forces of Russia, these are the Strategic Missile Forces, the Space Forces and the Airborne Forces.

Military art in Russia, as well as throughout the world, is divided into three levels:
- Tactics (the art of combat). Squad, platoon, company, battalion, regiment solve tactical tasks, that is, they are fighting.
- Operational art (the art of conducting battles, battles). A division, a corps, an army solve operational tasks, that is, they conduct a battle.
- Strategy (the art of commanding war in general). The front solves both operational and strategic tasks, i.e., it wages major battles, as a result of which the strategic situation changes and the outcome of the war can be decided.

Branch- the smallest military formation in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - branch. The squad is commanded by a junior sergeant or sergeant. Usually in a motorized rifle department there are 9-13 people. In the departments of other branches of the armed forces, the number of personnel of the department is from 3 to 15 people. Typically, a squad is part of a platoon, but may also exist outside of a platoon.

Platoon- Several squads make up a platoon. Usually there are 2 to 4 squads in a platoon, but more are possible. A platoon is led by a commander with an officer's rank - junior lieutenant, lieutenant or senior lieutenant. On average, the number of personnel in a platoon ranges from 9 to 45 people. Usually in all branches of the military the name is the same - a platoon. Usually a platoon is part of a company, but it can also exist independently.

Company- several platoons make up a company. In addition, a company may include several independent squads that are not included in any of the platoons. For example, in a motorized rifle company there are three motorized rifle platoons, a machine-gun squad, and an anti-tank squad. Usually a company consists of 2-4 platoons, sometimes even more platoons. A company is the smallest formation of tactical importance, i.e. formation capable of self-fulfillment small tactical tasks on the battlefield. Company commander Capt. On average, the size of a company can be from 18 to 200 people. Motorized rifle companies are usually about 130-150 people, tank companies 30-35 people. Usually the company is part of the battalion, but often the existence of companies as independent formations. In artillery, this type of formation is called a battery; in cavalry, a squadron.

Battalion consists of several companies (usually 2-4) and several platoons that are not included in any of the companies. The battalion is one of the main tactical formations. A battalion, like a company, platoon, squad, is named according to its type of troops (tank, motorized rifle, engineer-sapper, communications). But the battalion already includes formations of other types of weapons. For example, in a motorized rifle battalion, in addition to motorized rifle companies, there is a mortar battery, a material support platoon, and a communications platoon. Battalion Commander Lieutenant Colonel. The battalion already has its headquarters. Usually, on average, a battalion, depending on the type of troops, can number from 250 to 950 people. However, there are battalions of about 100 people. In artillery, this type of formation is called a division.

Regiment- this is the main tactical formation and a completely autonomous formation in the economic sense. The regiment is commanded by a colonel. Although the regiments are named according to the branches of service (tank, motorized rifle, communications, pontoon-bridge, etc.), but in fact this is a formation consisting of units of many branches of the military, and the name is given according to the predominant branch of service. For example, in a motorized rifle regiment there are two or three motorized rifle battalions, one tank battalion, one artillery battalion (read battalion), one anti-aircraft missile battalion, a reconnaissance company, an engineer company, a communications company, an anti-tank battery, a chemical defense platoon , repair company, material support company, orchestra, medical center. The number of personnel of the regiment is from 900 to 2000 people.

brigade- as well as the regiment, the brigade is the main tactical formation. Actually, the brigade occupies an intermediate position between the regiment and the division. The structure of the brigade is most often the same as that of the regiment, but there are much more battalions and other units in the brigade. So in a motorized rifle brigade there are one and a half to two times more motorized rifle and tank battalions than in a regiment. A brigade may also consist of two regiments, plus auxiliary battalions and companies. On average, there are from 2,000 to 8,000 people in a brigade. The brigade commander, as well as in the regiment, is a colonel.

Division- the main operational-tactical formation. As well as the regiment is named after the type of troops prevailing in it. However, the predominance of one or another type of troops is much less than in the regiment. A motorized rifle division and a tank division are identical in structure, with the only difference being that in a motorized rifle division there are two or three motorized rifle regiments and one tank regiment, while in a tank division, on the contrary, there are two or three tank regiments, and one motorized rifle regiment. In addition to these main regiments, the division has one or two artillery regiments, one anti-aircraft missile regiment, a rocket battalion, a missile battalion, a helicopter squadron, an engineer battalion, a communications battalion, an automobile battalion, a reconnaissance battalion, an electronic warfare battalion, a material support battalion, a repair - a recovery battalion, a medical battalion, a chemical protection company and several different support companies and platoons. Divisions can be tank, motorized rifle, artillery, airborne, missile and aviation. In other military branches, as a rule, the highest formation is a regiment or brigade. On average, there are 12-24 thousand people in a division. Division Commander Major General.

Frame- just as a brigade is an intermediate formation between a regiment and a division, so a corps is an intermediate formation between a division and an army. The corps is a combined-arms formation, that is, it usually lacks the sign of one type of troops, although there may also be tank or artillery corps, that is, corps with a complete predominance of tank or artillery divisions in them. The combined arms corps is usually referred to as the "army corps". There is no single corps structure. Each time the corps is formed on the basis of a specific military or military-political situation, and may consist of two or three divisions and a different number of formations of other military branches. Usually a corps is created where it is impractical to create an army. It is impossible to talk about the structure and size of the corps, because how many corps exist or existed, so many of their structures existed. Corps Commander Lieutenant General.

Army- This is a large military formation of operational purpose. The army includes divisions, regiments, battalions of all types of troops. Usually, armies are no longer subdivided according to the types of troops, although there may be tank armies, where tank divisions predominate. An army may also include one or more corps. It is impossible to talk about the structure and size of the army, because how many armies exist or have existed, so many structures existed. The soldier at the head of the army is no longer called "commander", but "commander of the army." Usually the staff rank of the army commander is Colonel General. In peacetime, armies are rarely organized as military formations. Usually divisions, regiments, battalions are directly part of the district.

Front (district)- This is the highest military formation of a strategic type. Larger formations do not exist. The name "front" is used only in wartime for a formation conducting combat operations. For such formations in peacetime, or those located in the rear, the name "district" (military district) is used. The front includes several armies, corps, divisions, regiments, battalions of all types of troops. The composition and strength of the front may be different. Fronts are never subdivided according to the types of troops (i.e., there cannot be a tank front, an artillery front, etc.). At the head of the front (district) is the commander of the front (district) with the rank of army general.

Associations- these are military formations, including several smaller formations or associations, as well as units and institutions. The formations include the army, flotilla, as well as the military district - a territorial combined arms association and the fleet - a naval association.

Military district is a territorial combined-arms association of military units, formations, educational institutions, military institutions of various types and branches of the Armed Forces. The military district covers the territory of several subjects of the Russian Federation.

Fleet is the highest operational formation of the Navy. Commanders of districts and fleets direct their troops (forces) through headquarters subordinate to them.

connections are military formations consisting of several units or formations of a smaller composition, usually various types of troops (forces), special troops (services), as well as units (subdivisions) of support and maintenance. Formations include corps, divisions, brigades and other equivalent military formations. The word "connection" means - to connect the parts. The division headquarters has the status of a unit. Other units (regiments) are subordinate to this unit (headquarters). Together, this is the division. However, in some cases, the brigade can also have the status of a connection. This happens if the brigade includes separate battalions and companies, each of which in itself has the status of a unit. The brigade headquarters in this case, like the division headquarters, has the status of a unit, and battalions and companies, as independent units, are subordinate to the brigade headquarters.

Part- is an organizationally independent combat and administrative-economic unit in all types of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The concept of "part" most often means a regiment and a brigade. In addition to the regiment and brigade, division headquarters, corps headquarters, army headquarters, district headquarters, as well as other military organizations (military department, army hospital, garrison clinic, district food depot, district song and dance ensemble, garrison house of officers, garrison household complex service, central school of junior specialists, military institute, military school, etc.). Parts can be ships of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ranks, separate battalions (divisions, squadrons), as well as separate companies that are not part of battalions and regiments. Regiments, separate battalions, divisions and squadrons are awarded the Battle Banner, and the ships of the Navy - the Naval Flag.

Subdivision- all military formations that are part of the unit. Squad, platoon, company, battalion - they are all combined in one word "unit". The word comes from the concept of "division", "divide" - the part is divided into divisions.

To organizations include such structures for ensuring the vital activity of the Armed Forces, such as military medical institutions, officers' houses, military museums, editorial offices of military publications, sanatoriums, rest houses, camp sites, etc.

Rear of the Armed Forces is designed to provide the Armed Forces with all types of materiel and maintenance of their stocks, prepare and operate communications, ensure military transportation, repair weapons and military equipment, provide medical care to the wounded and sick, carry out sanitary and hygienic and veterinary measures and perform a number of other logistics tasks security. The rear of the Armed Forces includes arsenals, bases, warehouses with stocks of materiel. It has special troops (automobile, railway, road, pipeline, engineering and airfield and others), as well as repair, medical, rear guards and other units and subunits.

Quartering and arrangement of troops- the activities of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the creation and engineering support of military infrastructure facilities, quartering troops, creating conditions for the strategic deployment of the Armed Forces and the conduct of hostilities.

To troops not included in the types and types of troops of the Armed Forces, include the Border Troops, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the Civil Defense Troops.

Border troops designed to protect the state border, the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation, as well as to solve the problems of protecting the biological resources of the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation and exercising state control in this area. Organizationally, the Border Troops are part of the FSB of Russia.

Their tasks follow from the purpose of the Border Troops. This is the protection of the state border, the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation; protection of marine biological resources; protection of the state borders of the states - members of the Commonwealth of Independent States on the basis of bilateral treaties (agreements); organizing the passage of persons, vehicles, cargo, goods and animals across the state border of the Russian Federation; intelligence, counterintelligence and operational-search activities in the interests of protecting the state border, the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation and the protection of marine biological resources, as well as the state borders of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia designed to ensure the security of the individual, society and the state, to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens from criminal and other unlawful encroachments.

The main tasks of the Internal Troops are: prevention and suppression of armed conflicts, actions directed against the integrity of the state; disarmament of illegal formations; compliance with the state of emergency; strengthening the protection of public order, where necessary; ensuring the normal functioning of all state structures, legally elected authorities; protection of important government facilities, special cargo, etc.

One of the most important tasks of the Internal Troops is to participate, together with the Armed Forces, in accordance with a single concept and plan, in the system of the country's territorial defense.

Civil Defense Troops- these are military formations that own special equipment, weapons and property, designed to protect the population, material and cultural values ​​on the territory of the Russian Federation from the dangers arising from the conduct of hostilities or as a result of these actions. Organizationally, the Civil Defense Troops are part of the Russian Emergencies Ministry.

In peacetime, the main tasks of the Civil Defense Troops are: participation in activities aimed at preventing emergency situations (ES); training the population in ways to protect themselves from the dangers arising from emergencies and as a result of military operations; carrying out work to localize and eliminate the threats of emergencies that have already arisen; evacuation of the population, material and cultural values ​​from dangerous zones to safe areas; delivery and ensuring the safety of goods transported to the emergency zone as humanitarian aid, including in foreign countries; providing medical assistance to the affected population, providing it with food, water and basic necessities; fighting fires resulting from emergencies.

In wartime, the Civil Defense troops solve tasks related to the implementation of measures for the protection and survival of the civilian population: the construction of shelters; carrying out activities for light and other types of camouflage; ensuring the entry of civil defense forces into the centers of destruction, zones of infection and pollution, catastrophic flooding; fighting fires arising during the conduct of hostilities or as a result of these actions; detection and designation of areas subjected to radiation, chemical, biological and other contamination; maintenance of order in areas affected by the conduct of military operations or as a result of these operations; participation in the urgent restoration of the functioning of the necessary communal facilities and other elements of the system for providing the population, rear infrastructure - airfields, roads, crossings, etc.

http://www.grandars.ru/shkola/bezopasnost-zhiznedeyatelnosti/vooruzhennye-sily.html

Military-administrative division of the Russian Federation

The main military administrative unit of the Russian Federation is the military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Since December 1, 2010 in Russia, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 21, 2010 "On military administrative division Russian Federation"

Four military districts were formed:
Central Military District;
Southern Military District;
Western military district;
Eastern military district.

Western military district

Western Military District (ZVO) It was formed in September 2010 in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 20, 2010 on the basis of two military districts - Moscow and Leningrad. The ZVO also included the Northern and Baltic Fleets and the 1st Air Force and Air Defense Command.

The history of the Leningrad Military District (LenVO) began on March 20, 1918, when the Petrograd Military District was formed. In 1924, it was renamed into Leningradsky. In 1922, the troops of the district took part in the defeat of the White Finnish detachments that invaded Karelia, and in 1939-1940. - in the Soviet-Finnish war. Moreover, at the first stage (before the creation of the North-Western Front), the leadership of military operations in the war was carried out by the headquarters of the LenVO.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the LenVO administration was transformed into the field administration of the Northern Front, which on August 23, 1941 was divided into the Karelian and Leningrad fronts. The field administrations of the Northern and then the Leningrad fronts simultaneously continued to perform the functions of a military district administration. The troops of the fronts fought bloody battles with the German troops, defended Leningrad and participated in lifting its blockade.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the LenVO was re-formed. The field administration of the Leningrad Front participated in the formation of its administration. The troops were quickly transferred to peacetime states, after which they began systematic combat training. In 1968, for his great contribution to strengthening the power of the state and its armed defense, for success in combat training and in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Armed Forces of the USSR, the LenVO was awarded the Order of Lenin. Since May 1992, the troops of the LenVO became part of the established Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces).

The Moscow Military District (MVO) was formed on May 4, 1918. During the period civil war and military intervention in Russia (1917-1922) trained personnel for all fronts, supplied the Red Army with various types of weapons and materiel. A large number of military academies, colleges, courses and schools operated on the territory of the Moscow Military District, which only in 1918-1919. trained and sent to the fronts about 11 thousand commanders.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, on the basis of the Moscow Military District, the field administration of the Southern Front was formed, which was headed by the commander of the district troops, General of the Army I.V. Tyulenev. By order of the Headquarters of the Supreme Command of July 18, 1941, the headquarters of the Moscow Military District simultaneously became the headquarters of the front of the Mozhaisk defense line being created. Along with this, a lot of work was carried out in the Moscow Military District to form and prepare reserve formations and units for active fronts. Also in Moscow, 16 divisions were formed militia, which were joined by 160 thousand volunteers. After the defeat of the German troops near Moscow, the Moscow Military District continued to form and resupply formations and military units of all branches of the armed forces, supply the army with weapons, military equipment and other materiel.

In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, 3 front-line, 23 army and 11 corps directorates, 128 divisions, 197 brigades were formed in the Moscow Military District and 4190 marching units with a total number of about 4.5 million people were sent to the active troops.

In the post-war years, elite military formations were deployed on the territory of the Moscow Military District, most of which bore the honorary titles of guards. The district retained its importance as the most important source of mobilization resources and was a major training base for military command personnel. In 1968, the district was awarded the Order of Lenin for its great contribution to strengthening the defense power of the state and success in combat training. After the collapse of the USSR, the Moscow Military District became part of the formed Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Currently, the troops and forces of the Western Military District are deployed within the administrative boundaries of three federal districts (North-Western, Central and part of the Volga) on the territory of 29 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The headquarters of the district is located in St. Petersburg, in the historical complex of the General Staff on Palace Square. The Western Military District is the very first district formed in the new system of military-administrative division of the Russian Federation.

The Western Military District includes over 2.5 thousand formations and military units with a total number of more than 400 thousand military personnel, which is about 40% of the total number of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The Commander of the Western Military District subordinates all military formations of the types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation deployed on the territory of the district, with the exception of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Aerospace Defense Forces. In addition, military units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Border Troops of the FSB, as well as units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation performing tasks on the territory of the district are under its operational subordination.

Southern Military District

Southern Military District (SMD) It was formed on October 4, 2010 in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation (RF) of September 20, 2010 "On the military-administrative division of the Russian Federation" on the basis of the North Caucasus Military District (SKVO). It also included the Black Sea Fleet, the Caspian Flotilla and the 4th Air Force and Air Defense Command.

The North Caucasus Military District was established by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated May 4, 1918 in the territories of the Stavropol, Black Sea, Dagestan provinces, the regions of the Don, Kuban and Terek troops. By order of the Revolutionary Military Council (RVS) of the Southern Front dated October 3, 1918, the Red Army of the North Caucasus was renamed the 11th Army. In November 1919, on the basis of the cavalry corps, the 1st Cavalry Army was created under the command of S.M. Budyonny.

After the Civil War, in accordance with the order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic of May 4, 1921, the Caucasian Front was disbanded and the administration of the North Caucasus Military District was recreated with headquarters in Rostov-on-Don. During the years of the military reform (1924–1928), a network of military educational institutions was created in the district to train military personnel. The troops received new models of weapons and equipment, on the development of which the personnel worked. In the prewar years, the North Caucasus Military District was one of the most advanced military districts.

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, the soldiers of the 19th Army, formed in May-June 1941 from the military personnel of the North Caucasus Military District, fought courageously and staunchly against the Nazis. In late June - early July, the 50th Kuban and 53rd Stavropol cavalry divisions were formed in a matter of days. In the second half of July, these formations became part of the Western Front. The North Caucasus Military District became a forge of military personnel.

Since October 1941, the North Caucasian Military District was stationed in Armavir, and since July 1942 - in Ordzhonikidze (now Vladikavkaz) and was preparing marching reinforcements for the active fronts. In early August of the same year, the management of the North Caucasian Military District, together with the newly formed formations and units, was redeployed to the territory of Georgia in Dusheti and subordinated to the commander of the Transcaucasian Front. On August 20, 1942, the North Caucasus Military District was abolished, and its administration was transformed into the administration for the formation and staffing of the Transcaucasian Front.

The main events of the second half of 1942 and the first half of 1943 on the Soviet-German front unfolded within the territory of the North Caucasian Military District. Two great battles took place here: Stalingrad (July 17, 1942 - February 2, 1943) and for the Caucasus (July 25, 1942 - October 9, 1943).

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, when the army was transferred to a peaceful position, by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of July 9, 1945, 3 military districts were created in the North Caucasus: Don, Stavropol and Kuban. In Rostov-on-Don, the headquarters of the Don Military District was located, which in 1946 received its former name - the North Caucasus. Work has begun on the reorganization, arrangement of formations and military units and the restoration of the destroyed infrastructure of the district. In 1968, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for his great contribution to strengthening the defense power of the state and success in combat training.

The troops of the North Caucasus Military District played a decisive role in the defeat of illegal armed formations during the counter-terrorist operation in the North Caucasus. For the courage and heroism shown at the same time, 43 servicemen of the North Caucasus Military District became Heroes of the Russian Federation. In recognition of the merits of the military personnel of the district, by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of August 17, 2001 No. 367, heraldic signs were established for the North Caucasus Military District: the standard of the commander of the North Caucasus Military District, the emblem of the North Caucasus Military District and the insignia of the military personnel "For Service in the Caucasus".

In August 2008, the troops of the North Caucasian Military District took a direct part in the 5-day operation to force Georgia to peace, defeated the aggressor in a short time and saved the people of South Ossetia from genocide. For the courage and heroism shown during this operation, the title of Hero of the Russian Federation was awarded to: Major Vetchinov Denis Vasilyevich (posthumously), Lieutenant Colonel Konstantin Anatolyevich Timerman, Captain Yakovlev Yuri Pavlovich, Sergeant Mylnikov Sergey Andreevich. The commander of the North Caucasian Military District, Colonel-General Sergei Makarov, was awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th degree, and many of his subordinates were awarded the Order of Courage, insignia - St. George's Crosses of the 4th degree and medals "For courage."

On February 1, 2009, Russian military bases were formed in the territories of the Republic of South Ossetia and the Republic of Abkhazia, which became part of the district.

Currently, the troops and forces of the Southern Military District are deployed within the administrative boundaries of two federal districts (Southern and North Caucasian) on the territory of 12 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In addition, in accordance with international treaties, 4 military bases of the district are located outside the Russian Federation: in South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Armenia and Ukraine (Sevastopol). The district headquarters is located in Rostov-on-Don.

The Commander of the Southern Military District subordinates all military formations of the types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation stationed in the district, with the exception of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Aerospace Defense Forces. Under its operational subordination are also military formations of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Border Troops of the FSB, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation, performing tasks on the territory of the district. The main task of the troops and forces of the Southern Military District is to ensure the military security of the southern borders of Russia.

Central Military District

Central Military District (TsVO) It was formed on December 1, 2010 in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 20, 2010 "On the military-administrative division of the Russian Federation" on the basis of the Volga-Ural and part of the troops of the Siberian Military District. It also included the 2nd Air Force and Air Defense Command.

The history of the Russian army in the Volga region and the Urals goes back to the mists of time, to the time of the annexation of the Kazan Khanate to Russia in 1552. In the 18th century, in the border fortresses of the Orenburg region and major cities The first regiments and battalions of the regular Russian army appeared in the Volga region, the Urals and Western Siberia.

However, the creation in Russia of the military district system as an integral part of the military administration dates back to a later time - to the second half of the 19th century. During the military reform of 1855-1881. The territory of Russia was divided into 15 military districts, in which artillery, engineering, quartermaster and military medical departments were created.

During the Civil War and military intervention (1918–1922), on March 31, 1918, the Supreme Military Council of the Russian Republic decided to change the military-administrative division of the country. In May 1918, 6 military districts were created, including the Volga and Ural military districts (PriVO, UrVO). The Siberian Military District (SibVO) was formed on December 3, 1919 (in accordance with the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of November 26, 1993, the historical date of its formation was restored - August 6, 1865).

After the end of the Civil War, the troops of the PriVO took part in the elimination of banditry in the Astrakhan, Samara, Saratov, Tsaritsyn provinces and in other regions of the country, and also fought against the Basmachi formations in Central Asia.

The formation of the PriVO, Ural Military District and Siberian Military District in the prewar years took place in the conditions of technical re-equipment and organizational restructuring of the Red Army. The main efforts were concentrated on organizing the development of new weapons and equipment, training specialists, and improving the efficiency and quality of combat training. At the same time, the experience of hostilities near the lake was taken into account. Hassan, on the river. Khalkhin Gol and the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939–1940 A little later - in 1940-1941. a lot of work was done to deploy, prepare and send military formations to the border military districts.

The Great Patriotic War (1941–1945) occupies a special place in the history of the Volga, Ural and Siberian military districts. In those years, more than 200 military educational institutions were deployed in the territories of the districts, which prepared more than 30% of total number commanders of the army in the field. Here, more than 3 thousand associations, formations and military units were formed, trained and sent to the front, which took part in hostilities on almost all fronts and in all battles of the Great Patriotic and World War II: in the defense of Moscow, Leningrad, Stalingrad, in battles near Kursk, in the liberation of Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic states, getting rid of fascism of the peoples of Eastern Europe, the capture of Berlin, as well as in the defeat Kwantung Army militaristic Japan.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the military districts carried out a large amount of measures to receive troops returning from the front, carry out demobilization and transfer formations, units and institutions to peacetime states. Planned combat training was carried out in the troops, and the training and material base was improved. Much attention was paid to the study and generalization of the experience of the war, its introduction into the practice of combat training. In 1974, for their great contribution to strengthening the defense power of the state, the PriVO, Ural Military District and Siberian Military District were awarded the Orders of the Red Banner.

On September 1, 1989, the PriVO and UrVO were merged into the Volga-Ural Military District (PURVO) with headquarters in Samara. In Yekaterinburg, on the basis of the former headquarters of the Ural Military District, the headquarters of the combined arms army was created. In December 1992, the PUrVO was again divided into PriVO and UrVO, but in 2001 they were merged again.

At present, the troops of the Central Military District are deployed within the administrative boundaries of three federal districts (Volga, Ural and Siberian) on the territory of 29 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It also includes the 201st military base located in the Republic of Tajikistan. The headquarters of the Central Military District is located in Yekaterinburg.

The Commander of the Central Military District subordinates all the military formations of the types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation stationed in the district, with the exception of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Aerospace Defense Forces. Also in the operational subordination of the commander of the troops of the Central Military District are military formations of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Border Troops of the FSB, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation, performing tasks on the territory of the district.

Eastern Military District

Eastern Military District It was formed on December 1, 2010 in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 20, 2010 "On the military-administrative division of the Russian Federation" on the basis of the Far Eastern Military District (FER) and part of the troops of the Siberian Military District (SibVO). It also included the Pacific Fleet and the 3rd Air Force and Air Defense Command.

Until the middle of the 19th century, the Far East and Transbaikalia were part of the East Siberian Governor General. In 1884, the Amur Governor-Generalship was created (with the center in Khabarovsk), within whose borders the Amur Military District (VO) was located until 1918.

On February 16, 1918, the regional commissariat of the Red Army was created in the city of Khabarovsk - the first central body for managing the armed forces of the Far East. After the start of an open military intervention against Russia in the Far East and the Far North, in accordance with the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of May 4, 1918, within the borders of the Amur, Primorsky, Kamchatka regions and about. Sakhalin, the East Siberian Military District was established (with administration in Khabarovsk).

From September 1918 to March 1920, the armed struggle against the American-Japanese interventionists was carried out mainly in the form of guerrilla warfare. In February 1920, by decision of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, a buffer state was created - the Far Eastern Republic (FER) and its People's Revolutionary Army (NRA) was organized on the model of the Red Army.

On November 14, 1922, after the liberation of Khabarovsk and Vladivostok, the Far Eastern Region was dissolved and the Far Eastern Region was formed. In this regard, the NRA was renamed the 5th Red Banner Army (with headquarters in Chita), and then (in June 1924) was abolished. All troops and military institutions located in the Far East, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, became part of the Siberian Military District.

In January 1926, the Far Eastern Territory was formed instead of the Far Eastern Region. In July-August 1929, Chinese troops attacked the Chinese Eastern Railway, armed provocations began on the state border, and attacks on Soviet border outposts. On August 6, 1929, a Special Far Eastern Army (ODVA) was created by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR to ensure the defense of the Primorsky, Khabarovsk Territories and Transbaikalia. For the successful completion of combat missions, the valor and courage shown by the fighters and commanders in the defense of the Soviet Far Eastern borders, in January 1930, the ODVA was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and became known as the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army (OKDVA).

In 1931, the Primorsky Group was created from the troops stationed in Primorye. In the spring of 1932, the Transbaikal group was organized. In mid-May 1935, the Trans-Baikal Military District (ZabVO) was formed on the basis of the administration of the Trans-Baikal Group of Forces OKDVA. On February 22, 1937, the Air Force of the Far East was organizationally formalized.

In connection with the increased threat of an attack by Japan, OKDVA on July 1, 1938 was transformed into the Far Eastern Front (DVF). In July-August 1938 there was a military conflict near Lake Khasan. Formations and units of the 39th Rifle Corps took part in the fighting.

After the events at the lake Khasan, the Far Eastern Fleet administration was disbanded in August 1938 and the directly subordinate NCOs of the USSR were created: the 1st Separate Red Banner Army (OKA) (with headquarters in Ussuriysk) and the 2nd Separate Red Banner Army (with headquarters in Khabarovsk), as well as the Northern Army Group . The 57th Special Rifle Corps was stationed on the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR).

In May-August 1939, the troops of the Far East took part in the battles near the Khalkhin-Gol River. In June 1940, a field department of the Far East Fleet was created. At the end of June 1941, the troops of the front were put on high alert and began to create a deep, multi-echeloned defense in the border zone. By October 1, 1941, in the main areas accessible to the enemy, the construction of field defenses was completed to the full operational depth.

In 1941-1942, during the period of the greatest threat of attack from Japan, formations and units of the first echelon of the front occupied their defense areas. At night, 50% of the personnel were on duty.

On April 5, 1945, the Soviet government denounced the neutrality pact with Japan. On July 28, 1945, the US, British and Chinese ultimatum to surrender was rejected by the Japanese government. By this time, the deployment of three fronts in the Far East was completed: the 1st and 2nd Far Eastern and Transbaikal. The forces of the Pacific Fleet, the Red Banner Amur Flotilla, the Border Troops and the Air Defense Forces (Air Defense) were involved in the operation.

On August 8, 1945, the Soviet government issued a statement declaring a state of war with Japan effective August 9. On the night of August 9, Soviet troops went on the offensive. At 17:00 on August 17, the command of the Kwantung Army of Japan ordered its troops to surrender. On the morning of August 19, the mass surrender of Japanese military personnel began.

In September-October 1945, 3 military districts were formed on the territory of the Far East: on the basis of the Trans-Baikal Front - the Trans-Baikal-Amur Military District, on the basis of the 1st Far Eastern Fleet - the Primorsky Military District (PrimVO), on the basis of the 2nd Far East Fleet - the Far East military district (DVO).

In May 1947, on the basis of the Directorate of the Trans-Baikal-Amur Military District, the Directorate of the High Command of the Far East was formed with the subordination of the Far Eastern Military District, the Primal Military District, the ZabVO (transformed from the Trans-Baikal-Amur Military District), the Pacific Fleet and the Amur military flotilla.

On April 23, 1953, the Far Eastern Military District was reorganized, a new department of the district was formed on the basis of the department of the commander in chief Soviet troops in the Far East (with headquarters in Khabarovsk).

On June 17, 1967, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted a resolution on the transfer of the Far Eastern Military District through the succession of the Order of the Red Banner of the former OKDVA. On August 10, 1967, in Khabarovsk, the order was attached to the Battle Banner of the district.

At present, the troops and forces of the Eastern Military District (VVO) are deployed within the administrative boundaries of two federal districts (the Far Eastern and part of the Siberian) and the territories of 12 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The district headquarters is located in Khabarovsk.

All military formations of the types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation deployed in the territory of the district, with the exception of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Aerospace Defense Forces, are subordinate to the Commander of the Air Defense Forces. Under its operational subordination are also military formations of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Border Troops of the FSB, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation, performing tasks on the territory of the district. The main task of the troops and forces of the Air Defense Forces is to ensure the military security of the Far Eastern borders of Russia.

Tasks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

The changed foreign policy situation in recent years, new priorities in the field of national security have set completely different tasks for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces), which can be structured in four main areas:

Deterrence of military and military-political threats to security or encroachments on the interests of the Russian Federation;

Protection of the economic and political interests of the Russian Federation;

Implementation of military operations in peacetime;

Use of military force.

The peculiarities of the development of the military-political situation in the world make it possible for one task to grow into another, since the most problematic military-political situations are complex and multifaceted.

The containment of military and military-political threats to the security of the Russian Federation (encroachments on the interests of the Russian Federation) means the following actions of the RF Armed Forces:

Timely detection of a threatening development of the military-political situation or the preparation of an armed attack on the Russian Federation and (or) its allies;

Maintaining the state of combat and mobilization readiness of the country, strategic nuclear forces, forces and means ensuring their functioning and use, as well as control systems in order to, if necessary, inflict the specified damage on the aggressor;

Maintaining the combat potential and mobilization readiness of groupings of general-purpose troops (forces) at a level that ensures the repulsion of local-scale aggression;

Maintain readiness for strategic deployment when transferring the country to wartime conditions;

Organization of territorial defense.

Ensuring the economic and political interests of the Russian Federation includes the following components:

Maintaining safe living conditions for Russian citizens in areas of armed conflict and political or other instability;

Creation of conditions for safety economic activity Russia or economic structures representing it;

Protection of national interests in territorial waters, on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone of Russia, as well as in the World Ocean;

Carrying out, by decision of the President of the Russian Federation, operations using the forces and means of the Armed Forces in regions that are a sphere of vital economic and political interests of the Russian Federation;

Organization and conduct of information confrontation.

Power operations of the RF Armed Forces in peacetime are possible in the following cases:

Fulfillment by Russia of allied obligations in accordance with international treaties or other interstate agreements;

Combating international terrorism, political extremism and separatism, as well as preventing sabotage and terrorist acts;

Partial or full strategic deployment, maintenance of readiness for use and use of nuclear deterrence capabilities;

Conducting peacekeeping operations as part of coalitions created within the framework of international organizations where Russia is or has entered on a temporary basis;

Ensuring the state of war (emergency) in one or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation in accordance with the decisions of the highest bodies of state power;

Protection of the state border of the Russian Federation in the airspace and underwater environment;

Enforcement of the regime of international sanctions imposed on the basis of a decision of the UN Security Council;

Prevention of ecological disasters and other emergencies, as well as elimination of their consequences.

Military force is used directly to ensure the security of the country in the following cases:

Armed conflict;

Local war;

regional war;

Large scale war.

Armed conflict- one of the forms of resolving political, national-ethnic, religious, territorial and other contradictions with the use of means of armed struggle. At the same time, the conduct of such hostilities does not imply the transition of relations between the state (states) into a special state called war. In an armed conflict, the parties, as a rule, pursue private military-political goals. An armed conflict can be the result of a proliferation of an armed incident, a border conflict and other limited-scale clashes in which weapons are used to resolve contradictions. An armed conflict may be of an international character (with the participation of two or more states) or an internal character (with the conduct of armed confrontation within the territory of one state).

Local war is a war between two or more states, limited by political goals. Military operations are conducted, as a rule, within the borders of the opposing states, and affect mainly the interests of only these states (territorial, economic, political, and others). A local war can be waged by groupings of troops (forces) deployed in the conflict area, with their possible strengthening due to the transfer of additional forces and means from other directions and the partial strategic deployment of the armed forces. Under certain conditions, local wars can develop into a regional or large-scale war.

regional war is a war involving two or more states (groups of states) of the region. It is conducted by national or coalition armed forces using both conventional and nuclear weapons. In the course of hostilities, the parties pursue important military-political goals. Regional wars take place on the territory limited by the boundaries of one region, as well as in the waters, airspace and space adjacent to it. The conduct of a regional war requires the full deployment of the armed forces and the economy, the high tension of all the forces of the participating states. If nuclear-weapon states or their allies participate in this war, there may be a threat of the use of nuclear weapons.

large scale war- this is a war between coalitions of states or the largest states of the world community. It may result from the expansion of an armed conflict, local or regional war through the involvement of significant amount states. In a large-scale war, the parties will pursue radical military-political goals. It will require the mobilization of all available material resources and spiritual forces of the participating states.

Modern Russian military planning of the activities of the Armed Forces is based on a realistic understanding of the available resources and capabilities of Russia.

In peacetime and in emergency situations, the RF Armed Forces, together with other troops, must be ready to repel an attack and defeat an aggressor, conduct both defensive and offensive active action in any variant of unleashing and waging wars (armed conflicts). The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation must be able to successfully solve tasks simultaneously in two armed conflicts without carrying out additional mobilization measures. In addition, the RF Armed Forces must carry out peacekeeping operations - independently and as part of multinational contingents.

In the event of an aggravation of the military-political and military-strategic situation, the RF Armed Forces must ensure the strategic deployment of troops and contain the aggravation of the situation at the expense of strategic deterrence forces and forces of constant readiness.

Tasks of the Armed Forces in wartime- to repel an enemy aerospace attack with available forces, and after a full-scale strategic deployment, solve problems simultaneously in two local wars.