What is the goal of palliative care? What is palliative care
Palliative care(from fr. palliatif from lat. pallium- blanket, cloak) is an approach to improve the quality of life of patients and their families facing problems life-threatening diseases, by preventing and alleviating suffering through early detection, careful assessment and treatment of pain and other physical symptoms, as well as providing psychosocial and spiritual support to the patient and his loved ones.
The term "palliative" comes from the Latin "pallium", which means "mask" or "cloak". This determines the content and philosophy of palliative care: smoothing - mitigation of manifestations incurable disease and/or covering with a cloak - creating a cover to protect those who were left “in the cold and without protection.”
Goals and objectives of palliative care
Palliative care:
Goals and objectives of palliative care:
Palliative medicine
Palliative medicine- a branch of medicine whose objectives are to use the methods and achievements of modern medical science to carry out medical procedures and manipulations designed to alleviate the patient’s condition when the possibilities of radical treatment have already been exhausted (palliative operations for inoperable cancer, pain relief, relief of painful symptoms).
Palliative care is different from and includes palliative medicine. Russian Association of Palliative Medicine http://www.palliamed.ru/
Hospice care
Hospice care is one of the options for palliative care - this is comprehensive care for a patient at the end of life (most often in the last 6 months) and a dying person.
See also
Russian Association of Palliative Medicine http://www.palliamed.ru/
Notes
Links
- First information/resource site about palliative/hospice care (2006)
- Recommendations Rec (2003) 24 of the Council of Europe to member states on the organization of palliative care
- Methodological recommendations for organizing palliative care approved. Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation 09/22/2008 n 7180-рх)
- Brief clinical guide to palliative care for HIV/AIDS. Edited by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor G. A. Novikov. Moscow, 2006.
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
- Pallasovsky district
- Pallyu
See what “Palliative care” is in other dictionaries:
Palliative care- 3.4 Palliative care: A direction whose goal is to improve the quality of life of patients and their families facing an incurable (life-threatening) disease, which is achieved by alleviating suffering through early... ...
Palliative medicine- - area of healthcare designed to improve the quality of life of patients with various nosological forms chronic diseases mainly in the terminal stage of development in a situation where opportunities specialized treatment… … Encyclopedia of Newsmakers
Palliative care- 1. Palliative medical care is a complex medical interventions, aimed at getting rid of pain and alleviating other severe manifestations of the disease, in order to improve the quality of life of terminally ill citizens...... ... Official terminology
Children's hospices in Russia and the world- Hospice is the basic structure of palliative medicine to provide care to seriously ill people in a terminal condition (when organ damage is irreversible), who have days and months to live rather than years. Palliative... ... Encyclopedia of Newsmakers
World Hospice and Palliative Care Day- held on the second Saturday of October. In 2013, this day falls on October 12th. The organizer is The Worldwide Palliative Care Alliance (WPCA). The Alliance includes national and regional... ... Encyclopedia of Newsmakers
P:MED
Portal:Medicine- For beginners · Community · Portals · Awards · Projects · Queries · Assessment Geography · History · Society · Personalities · Religion · Sports · Technology · Science · Art · Philosophy ... Wikipedia
SP 146.13330.2012: Gerontological centers, nursing homes, hospices. Design Rules- Terminology SP 146.13330.2012: Gerontological centers, homes nursing care, hospices. Design rules: 3.1 Gerontological center (hereinafter GRC): Social medical institution, intended for permanent, temporary (for up to ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation
Books
- Infectious diseases with a course on HIV clinic treatment palliative care Textbook, Pak S.. Training of specialists capable of competently organizing work to prevent the spread infectious diseases not only in an infectious diseases hospital, but also in any medical...
Palliative care
Palliative care is a complex of medical interventions aimed at relieving pain and alleviating other severe manifestations of the disease, in order to improve the quality of life of terminally ill citizens.
Palliative care is provided to terminally ill patients who suffer from significant physical and mental limitations and require intensive care. symptomatic therapy, psycho social assistance, long-term care.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines palliative care as: “Active, comprehensive care for patients with progressive illnesses in the terminal stages of development. The main task Palliative care is the management of pain and other symptoms, as well as the solution of psychological, social and spiritual problems. The goal of palliative care is to achieve the best possible quality of life for patients and their families." Even when intensive treatment options have been exhausted and there is no chance of recovery, a person should not be left without help and support.
Of great importance in this case is the humane attitude of society itself towards people doomed to death as a result of their serious illness. Such people certainly require more care, sensitivity and respect from others.
Who receives palliative care?
Palliative care is provided to patients with various forms chronic progressive diseases. These first of all include patients with common forms of malignant neoplasms. According to experts from the World Health Organization, more than 10 million cases are recorded annually worldwide. oncological diseases(not counting relapses). Most terminally ill patients are elderly people who also suffer from many other illnesses.
According to statistics, in Russian Federation More than 70% of cancer cases are diagnosed in people aged 60 years and older.
The concept of palliative care is that in case of an incurable illness, the fight against pain and the solution of psychological, social and spiritual problems of patients come to the fore. Thus, the goal of palliative care is to achieve the highest possible quality of life for patients and their families in the emerging situation.
Palliative care is primarily needed by:
- incurable (incurable) cancer patients;
- patients who have had a stroke;
- patients in the terminal stage of AIDS.
Goals and objectives of palliative care
Relieve pain and other symptoms that cause suffering and discomfort;
develop an attitude towards dying as a natural phase life cycle;
provide psychological and spiritual assistance to patients;
ensure the most active lifestyle possible until death;
support the patient’s relatives and friends during the period of illness and immediately after bereavement;
use integrated approach to meet the needs of patients and their relatives, including, if necessary, immediately after a loss.
improve the quality of life in general, which can positively affect the course of the disease;
conduct research to find more effective methods solving the above problems.
The right to free palliative care
Right to free medical care guaranteed by Article 41 of the Constitution. Palliative medical care is provided in accordance with the Program of State Guarantees for the provision of free medical care to citizens free of charge at the expense of budgetary allocations from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. This means that palliative care is not provided as part of mandatory health insurance, and to receive it compulsory medical insurance policy not needed.
Palliative care is provided free of charge in outpatient and inpatient conditions by medical workers who have undergone appropriate training, and is a set of medical measures aimed at relieving pain and alleviating other severe manifestations of the disease, in order to improve the quality of life of terminally ill citizens.
The provision of palliative medical care is carried out by medical organizations of the state, municipal and private healthcare systems, taking into account the patient’s right to choose a medical organization and doctor.
The provision of palliative medical care is carried out by palliative medical care doctors, in collaboration with medical specialists in the profile of the patient’s underlying disease and other medical specialists.
Health care providers providing palliative care are guided by the recommendations of specialist physicians trained in palliative care.
Referral to organizations providing palliative care
Referral of patients to medical organizations providing palliative care, carried out by local therapists, doctors general practice(family doctors) and specialist doctors in the profile of the patient’s underlying disease.
In a medical organization providing palliative care on an outpatient basis or in day hospital, carried out therapeutic measures, definition medical indications To refer the patient for inpatient treatment, if there are medical indications, a consultation with medical specialists is organized.
If it is not possible to provide palliative care to a patient on an outpatient basis or in a day hospital, the patient is routinely sent to a medical organization that has a palliative care department or center.
The waiting period for palliative care corresponds to the waiting period for outpatient medical care and inpatient care.
Palliative care organizations
Palliative care can be provided on an outpatient basis, as a day hospital or 24-hour hospital and implement the following functions:
| Terms of service | Functions |
| Palliative medical office is a structural subdivision of the clinic. Medical care is provided on an outpatient basis, that is, in conditions that do not provide round-the-clock medical supervision | provision of palliative care in an outpatient setting, including at home; examination, dynamic observation of patients in need of palliative care; referral of patients to a medical organization providing palliative care in an inpatient setting; organizing consultations of patients with a specialist doctor in the profile of the patient’s underlying disease and doctors of other specialties; providing advice to doctors of other specialties on issues of palliative care for patients; development and implementation of measures to improve the availability and quality of palliative care and the introduction into practice of new effective and safe methods improving the quality of life of patients; providing social psychological assistance for patients and their relatives, teaching relatives how to care for the sick; |
| Day hospital May be a structural unit of a clinic or hospital. Medical care is provided in conditions that provide for medical supervision and treatment in daytime that do not require round-the-clock medical supervision and treatment | provision of palliative medical care to patients who do not require round-the-clock medical supervision; writing prescriptions medicines containing narcotic and psychotropic substances from list II and III lists narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors subject to control in the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 30, 1998 No. 681, in accordance with the Instructions on the procedure for prescribing medicines and issuing prescriptions and invoice requirements, approved by order of the Ministry of Health and social development Russian Federation dated February 12, 2007 No. 110; Carrying out medical treatment for patients discharged from the hospital that requires observation for several hours without a 24-hour stay in the Medical Organization; development and implementation of measures to improve the availability and quality of palliative care and the introduction into practice of new effective and safe methods of improving the quality of life of incurable patients; providing socio-psychological assistance to patients and their relatives, training relatives in the skills of caring for seriously ill patients; other functions in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. |
| Palliative Medicine Department Medical care is provided on an inpatient basis in conditions that provide round-the-clock medical supervision; | provision of palliative medical care to patients in conditions that provide round-the-clock medical supervision; issuing prescriptions for medicines containing narcotic and psychotropic substances from List II and III of the list of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors subject to control in the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 30, 1998 No. 681, in accordance with the Instructions on the procedure for prescribing medicines and processing prescriptions and invoice requirements, approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated February 12, 2007 No. 110; referral of patients discharged from the hospital to the supervision of a medical organization providing palliative care on an outpatient basis; providing advisory assistance to medical organizations on palliative care issues; development and implementation of new effective and safe methods for improving the quality of life of patients; carrying out a set of measures to medical rehabilitation sick; providing psychological assistance to patients and members of their families on the basis of an individual approach, taking into account personality characteristics; consultations and seminars for relatives caring for patients with diseases requiring palliative care; other functions in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. |
The equipment of the office, day hospital, and palliative care department is carried out in accordance with the equipment standard provided for by the Procedure for providing palliative care to the adult population, approved by order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 21, 2012 No. 1343n. (link to order)
Palliative care is active, comprehensive care for a patient suffering from an illness that cannot be cured. The main goal of palliative care is to relieve pain and other symptoms, as well as solve social, psychological and spiritual problems. The patient himself, his family and the public are involved in the process of providing palliative care. In a sense, the basic concept of palliative care is to meet the needs of the patient wherever he receives such care, at home or in hospital. Palliative care supports life and creates an attitude towards death as a natural process, has no intention of either delaying or hastening the onset of death, its task is to ensure, as far as possible, best quality patient's life.
The need for primary care arises at the last terminal stage of the disease, when the patient, due to severe physical condition or the nature of the disease requires effective and timely relief from pain and other manifestations, maintaining an acceptable quality of life. These patients include patients with incurable progressive diseases and conditions, which include:
- various forms of malignant neoplasms;
- chronic diseases in the terminal stage of development;
- severe irreversible consequences of violation cerebral circulation, injuries;
- various forms of dementia (acquired dementia) in the terminal stage;
- degenerative diseases nervous system on late stage development;
- a number of other diseases and disorders indicated in the order of the Ministry of Health No. 187n.
The demand for primary care is steadily increasing due to demographic trends and due to the growing number of patients who are able to receive treatment and prolong life with other types of medical care. Maintaining the best possible quality of life for the patient is achieved by:
- prescribing pain medications, treating symptoms and preventing their occurrence;
- providing psychological and social assistance to patients and their loved ones;
- providing patient care.
Depending on the severity of the patient’s condition, the wishes of the patient and his family, household and a number of other factors, primary care can be provided in various conditions:
- outpatient – in primary care offices (patient’s visit to the doctor, relative’s visit to the doctor, doctor’s visit to the patient);
- day hospital in the primary care center;
- hospital at home - mobile service of hospice centers;
- hospital - in a hospice, center, palliative care departments in the City Clinical Hospital;
- V social institutions– psychoneurological boarding school, nursing home or social boarding house.
To organize outpatient visits to patients medical organizations Palliative medical care rooms are being created, where a primary care doctor is present. PHC offices provide assistance to those patients who are not yet assigned to a hospice/center. The doctor of the primary care office, in addition to seeing the patient and relatives directly in the office, can make visits to the patient at home, but this is an exceptional case. Today there are about 50 offices in Moscow. In hospitals, primary care departments with a capacity of 10–30 beds are organized. The number of branches in Moscow is 19, of which 5 are located in the city center.
PHC at home is provided by field services and by organizing necessary conditions to maintain the patient’s quality of life at home.
If it is impossible to create conditions at home or at the joint request of the patient and relatives, the patient may be sent to a hospice - specialized institution for the provision of primary care or to the primary care department of a medical organization.
There are 8 hospices in Moscow with a capacity of 30 beds each. The hospice network is supplemented by the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution " Scientific and practical center specialized medical care for children named after V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Department of Health of the City of Moscow" (30 beds) and the State Budgetary Institution "Center for Palliative Medicine of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow" (200 beds).
We will all die someday. This is a natural ending. Modern medical technologies help fight the most serious illness to the last. And nowadays the death of an incurable patient is considered a defeat in the struggle for life. It is the specialists of palliative care centers who are calling on society to change its attitude towards death and start talking about the inevitable outcome of events: openly, directly, without feeling awkward.
The goal of palliative care is to relieve the suffering and pain of dying patients. It is necessary to relieve not only physical pain, but also to find a way to survive spiritual and mental suffering with dignity.
First of all, hopelessly ill patients suffering from serious illnesses need such help when traditional methods treatments become ineffective.
A person has the right to feel to the very last days that they care about him and are trying to help. A meeting with co-workers should not be perceived as the imminent approach of death and defeat in the struggle for life. Thorough medical care psychological support And modern methods cupping physical pain is an opportunity to improve the quality of life and meet the inevitable end with dignity.
How palliative care is provided in Russia
If in Europe palliative care centers were opened back in 1980, in Russia such care was recognized as medical care quite recently - in 2011. In our country, care for incurable patients is entrusted to specialized centers and hospitals that have specialized departments. There are still very few specialists in this field. Caring people come to the rescue, who consider it their duty to completely help incurable patients meet their last hour with dignity, and for relatives to psychologically survive the bitterness of loss.
Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
Palliative care(from French palliatif from lat. pallium- blanket, cloak) - an approach to improve the quality of life of patients (children and adults) and their families faced with problems associated with a life-threatening disease, by preventing and alleviating suffering through early detection, careful assessment and treatment of pain and other physical symptoms, and provision of psychosocial and spiritual support.
The term “palliative” comes from palliative (pallium, veil, Greek cloak, outer dress) - a non-exhaustive, temporary solution, a half-measure that covers the problem itself like a “cloak” - which reflects the principle of palliative care: creating protection from the painful manifestations of the disease, but not treatment the disease itself.
Goals and objectives
Palliative care:
Goals and objectives of palliative care:
Palliative medicine
Palliative medicine is a subset of palliative care. This is a branch of medicine whose objectives are to use the methods and achievements of modern medical science to carry out medical procedures and manipulations designed to alleviate the patient’s condition when the possibilities of radical treatment have already been exhausted (palliative operations for inoperable cancer, pain relief, relief of painful symptoms).
Russian Association of Palliative Medicine
Currently, the Russian Association of Palliative Medicine operates in Russia. The history of this association dates back to 1995, when one of the first non-profit non-governmental organizations in the country was organized public organizations- Foundation “Palliative Medicine and Rehabilitation of Patients”. In 2006, the Foundation established the All-Russian public movement “Medicine for Quality of Life”. Since its inception, the movement has been holding an All-Russian Medical Forum, within the framework of which the most important problems of domestic medicine and healthcare, including issues of palliative care, are discussed. 2011 was the year when the Russian Association of Palliative Medicine was created. The fund was established on the initiative medical workers from 44 regions of the country.
The Russian Association of Palliative Medicine calls its main goals:
- consolidation of the medical community in solving health problems,
- professional support for specialists involved in palliative care;
- promoting the development and implementation in healthcare of optimal solutions designed to improve the quality of life of patients:
- organizational and methodological forms,
- methods,
- new technologies.
The Association pays close attention to the creation of new regional branches in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and is also open to individual membership.
Currently, the board of the Russian Association of Palliative Medicine has 30 members. Among them is Aram Adverikovich Danielyan, chief physician St. Petersburg Social Geriatric Center "OPEKA".
Hospice
Hospice is a palliative medical institution for permanent and daytime stay of patients with a terminal stage of the disease who are between life and death, most often in the last 6 months of their life.
See also
Notes
Literature
- Palliative care. Convincing facts. - Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005. - 32 p. -