First of all, they are ordinary. Why you should take care of yourself first and not others

When a serious accident suddenly occurs on an airplane at high altitude, the cabin becomes depressurized. In this case, passengers have only 15–20 seconds left to put on an oxygen mask.

Flight attendants always warn in advance that in any case you should put a mask on yourself first, and only then help others. If you do not have time to protect yourself in the allotted time, you will simply lose consciousness and die.

If you take care of yourself first, your chances of helping your family and loved ones survive will increase significantly. If you try to save them first, there is a high probability that no one will survive at all.

This is not a matter of heroism, but of ordinary common sense. For example, your child may begin to ask questions about what is happening around him, why he is wearing a mask at all, why it is that color, why it is hanging from the ceiling, and so on. If he sees that the mask is already on you, then, most likely, he will simply repeat the same thing.

Or imagine another situation: to keep yourself in good shape, you regularly visit. Suddenly, your loved one is hospitalized with a serious injury, and you drop everything you are doing to be with him around the clock. You take care of the victim, devoting all your free time to him and neglecting the need to monitor your health too.

During all those months while your loved one is fighting the disease, you manage to lose weight beyond recognition, ruin your stomach with constant dry food, and on top of all this, you experience constant nervous tension.

There comes a time when you make a very unexpected but correct decision - to start playing sports again. It would seem, why? Because you have neglected your health for a long time. Because the illness of a loved one is not a reason to give up on yourself. Because you understand that taking care of yourself and caring for your loved ones are not mutually exclusive concepts.

There is a very fine line between being overprotective and just being helpful. Sometimes we only care about someone else because we are afraid with ourselves.

When we see someone with more serious problems than ours, we immediately turn to them. We allow ourselves to spit on our own difficulties only because we are too lazy and cowardly. We constantly put things off. People are very inventive and always find millions of reasons not to do anything. Sometimes these reasons are really strange. Here’s one of my favorites: a person creates a bunch of non-existent problems for himself in order to distract himself from the most important and unpleasant ones.

Joe Rogan, American stand-up comedian

In addition to switching to the problems of others in the hope of escaping from their own, people often go to the other extreme -. How tempting it is to throw yourself into work and not notice anything around you! Yes, this is often very, very pleasant, especially for those who are truly passionate about their work.

We take overtime, stay late at the office, start working on weekends, agree to replace a sick colleague, just so that there is no time left for anything else. Do you feel like something is unclean here? The way it is. We try to hide from problems we don't want to deal with. From problems that we are truly afraid of, ashamed of and avoid. From those problems that are truly important. From my own problems.

If you are tired of being inactive, hiding from difficulties and caring about everyone but yourself, then remember a few basic rules.

• Do something every day that brings you joy and pleasure. Go to the gym if you like it. Read books. Sing, draw, eat sweets. All these little rewards will help you avoid getting emotional. If you are a creative or public person who constantly does things for others, then do something that will benefit only you and no one else.
• Take care of yourself. Broaden your horizons, finally understand what you want from this life, what goal you are striving for. Understand that no one but you can do this. Stop neglecting your interests and find your source of inspiration. For example, read the biography of a person you consider worthy of imitation and praise.
• Learn to take a break and stop overtiring. Give your brain breaks during which you simply allow yourself not to think about anything. This is where yoga or meditation can help you a lot.

We cannot share with others what we do not have ourselves.

Whitney Cummings, American screenwriter and producer

It is much easier to give friends and family joy, support and inspiration when we have them within ourselves. That's why you need to take care of yourself first.

The Civil Code of the Russian Federation establishes the order in accordance with which the relatives of the deceased can accept his inheritance. First of all, spouses and children have the right to become heirs. Grandchildren are also priority heirs, but only if their parents are no longer alive. In such circumstances, inheritance by right of representation is considered.

If the deceased did not leave a will, then the heirs of the first priority will divide all the property of the testator in equal shares. For example, if a man dies and he is survived by his mother, wife and three daughters, then they inherit 1/5 of the share. However, each of the heirs can refuse his share, in which case the property of the deceased is divided among the remaining first-priority applicants.

Testator's spouse

Only the legal spouse of the deceased is considered as the first priority heir. People who lived in "" (cohabitants) are not heirs of the first stage. Unofficial spouses are subject to the right of inheritance by law. The cohabitant of the deceased can claim the inheritance if a will has been drawn up and notarized or he was a dependent. A number of problems may arise here, since it will be necessary to prove that the dependent claiming the inheritance was disabled and lived with the testator for at least a year.

Parents of the testator

If the parents outlive their children, they are the first-degree heirs. The right of inheritance is not canceled if the marriage between mother and father has been dissolved. In any case, they have the same rights and responsibilities in relation to their children. The adoptive parents of the deceased have the same rights. Parents who were deprived of parental rights in court and who were not restored to these rights at the time of the death of the testator cannot claim an inheritance.

Children of the testator

It is possible not to call on the children of the deceased to inherit only if there is a fact that they are recognized as unworthy heirs. In other cases, the rights of the testator's closest relatives are protected by the right to an obligatory share of the inheritance. This right is provided only for heirs of the first stage. Minors, disabled heirs or dependents inherit 1/2 share of that part of the deceased’s property that they could have received by law.

An important detail is that inheritance based on the principle of succession is only possible if the deceased did not leave a will. The property of the testator can be received by any person whom he designated in the document.

From a memo to the proofreader is a collection of the most common misconceptions and mistakes. Contains incredibly useful tips on correct writing for anyone who writes and wants their texts to be literate and enjoyable to read.

"Commas, punctuation
“In addition” is ALWAYS highlighted with commas (both at the beginning and in the middle of a sentence).
In general (without the particle “that”) - ALWAYS highlighted with commas (both at the beginning and in the middle of the sentence).

ALWAYS without commas:
"First of all"
"At first sight"
"More likely"
"Like"
"I guess"
"Surely"
“Of course” (if there is a “well”, then ALWAYS without commas)
"Generally"

More:
The comma is NOT included
at the beginning of a sentence:
“Before... I found myself...”
" Since…"
"Before as…"
"Although…"
"As…"
"In order to…"
"Instead of…"
“Actually...”
"While…"
“Especially since...”
"Nevertheless…"
“Despite the fact that...” (at the same time - separately); There is NO comma before “what”.
"If…"
"After…"
“And…”

“And” is highlighted with a comma only in the middle of the sentence (on the left).

“Nevertheless” – a comma is placed in the middle of the sentence (on the left).

If "however" means "but", then the comma on the right side is NOT placed.

“In general” (without the particle “that”) – is highlighted with commas (including at the beginning of a sentence)!

“In the end” – if it means “in the end”, then a comma is NOT placed.

“Finally” in the meaning of “finally” is NOT separated by commas.

“And this despite the fact that...” - a comma is ALWAYS placed in the middle of a sentence!

“Based on this, …” – a comma is placed at the beginning of the sentence. BUT: “He acted this way based on...” – a comma is NOT placed.

“Really” – meaning “in fact” – is NOT separated by commas.

“..., and therefore, …”, “..., and maybe …” - a comma is NOT placed after “a”.

“After all, if..., then...” – a comma is NOT placed before “if”, since the particle “then” comes next. If there is no “then” particle, then a comma is placed before “if”!

“For less than two years...” – a comma is NOT placed before “what”, because This is NOT a comparison.

A comma is placed before “HOW” only in case of comparison.

“Politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov...” – a comma is added because there is a noun "policy".
BUT: “...politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov...” - a comma is NOT placed before “how”.

Commas are NOT used:
“God forbid”, “God forbid”, “for God’s sake” – are not separated by commas, + the word “God” is written with a small letter.

BUT: commas are placed in both directions:
“Thank God” in the middle of the sentence is highlighted by commas on both sides (the word “God” in this case is written with a capital letter) + at the beginning of the sentence – highlighted by a comma (on the right side).
“By God” - in these cases, commas are placed on both sides (the word “God” in this case is written with a small letter).
“Oh my God” – separated by commas on both sides; in the middle of the sentence “God” - with a small letter.

Rules
The letter “Ё” is placed in 4 cases*:
1) In literature for children and foreigners.
2) In proper names (Alena, Mikhalev, Catherine Deneuve...)
3) In unfamiliar words (Alentra River...)
4) Bucket or buckets.

* - The letter “е” may or may not be placed - at the request of editors and organizations.

There is no full stop in headings and subheadings.

University, universities - always in small letters.

The names of music albums, songs, discs, films, works, etc. are written in quotation marks.

Foreign words are written in quotation marks.

Special correspondent, special correspondent, photo correspondent, correspondent, deputy head - we write in one word and without dots (BUT! it is also allowed with dots, this is not a mistake).

Proper names in the common sense - “Manilovs”, “Chichikovs” - are always with a small letter.

Etc., etc., i.e., tk., t.n. – always written without spaces.

Billion rubles, million rubles, million tons, etc. – there is no full stop (8 billion rubles, 35 million rubles, 152 million tons, 161.2 million tons, 209 billion barrels of oil). BUT! EXAMPLE: 54 million sq.m. were put into operation. m of housing (after the square there is a “dot” + a space!)

There is always a space between the number (No.) and the number (5):
№ 5, № 10, № 12.
BUT!!! No. 5 and 8, No. 6, No. 10 (i.e. No. and without a space) - such writing is NOT allowed!

5%, 25%, 100% – always without spaces.
20 percent (between a number and a word there is always a hyphen without spaces).
The following writing option is also allowed: 20% (without spaces).

There is ALWAYS a DASH between numbers(without spaces): 1-2, 3-5, 25-80, 125-200, 15%-20%, 35-40%, 75.8-80.1%, 7-8 cm, 15-18 cm , 29-35 km, etc.
(15-20%, 15%-20% - both options for writing percentages are allowed).

Numbers up to and including 10 (ten) are written in words! “This war lasted for five years...”, “They ate nothing for almost four days,” etc.

“One-two”, “two-three”, “three-four”, “five-six”, etc. – numbers (in verbal form) with a difference of one unit – are ALWAYS written with a HYPHEN and without spaces. BUT!

In other cases – ALWAYS A DASH! “One-three”, “one-four”, “one-five”, “one-six”, “two-four”, “five-seven”, “three-eight”.

“3rd grade student” is an ordinal number. Therefore, “go” is placed.
“1st place”, “They took 3rd place” is an ordinal number, so “e” (accretion) is put!
“Child 4 years old”, “Boy 12 years old” are cardinal numbers. Therefore, no extensions (4, 12) are installed.

BUT! REMEMBER! In naval themes, “rank” is written only in numbers and without increments: “Captain 1st rank”, “Captain 3rd rank”, etc. – “go” is NOT written.

September 1 is an ordinal number. But if the number is followed by the name of the month, then “go” is NOT written.
“On Monday 1st, we went...” is an ordinal number. But there is no name for the month, so the increment “go” follows.

“2009” – if there is the word “year”, then the increment is NOT written (2009, 2009 is incorrect!). “The following events occurred in 2009...” is the correct spelling!

“2009” - if there is no word “year”, then the increment is written (2009, 2009...) - “2009 was marked by the following events...”

Examples:
In the 20-30s.
In 1920.
In 1920...
In the 1930s...
In the 20th year of the 19th century...
In 1995-1996 (years)
From 1990 to 1995 (! The letter “Y” after “year” is NOT written!)

January 10. BUT! 10th (without “January”)... On Wednesday, 13th, my friends and I...
At the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century (dash + spaces).
Centuries are ALWAYS written only in Roman numerals, separated by dashes, without spaces (XVII-XVIII centuries, “at the end of the 11th – beginning of the 12th century, BUT not “centuries”).

CORRECT: 33.5 years. 33.5 years is wrong!
CORRECT: "150th anniversary" or "150th anniversary".
“150th anniversary” - this spelling is NOT allowed!

CORRECT: “Three gold medals” – (since “medal” is feminine).
“Three gold medals…” is the wrong spelling!

Over the past two years.
For the first five months.
Over the next couple of centuries. – The ending “IE” because – before
Over the past quarter century. numeral!
Over the past half century.

“Over the last two weeks” - because “week” is feminine.
“For the last two years” – (year – masculine).

“Due to illness...” - all together. BUT: “Keep in mind that...” – separately.

The verb “to suffer” does NOT exist. There is a verb "TO TORTURE". "I suffered..."

BUT: I'm suffering; you are suffering; he is suffering; they are suffering.

In what cases is “SAME” written separately?
“In the same way” - in the meaning of “also”, in the meaning of “so” or in the case where the particle “same” can be thrown out - is written separately.
If “and also” – always together!

“Not by chance” is always (!) written separately.
“Incomparable to anything...” – always (!) separately.
“Wrong”, “wrong”, “they are wrong”, “he is wrong”, “she is wrong” - always (!) separately.
“Not similar,” “not similar,” “not similar” are always written separately.
“No need” is always written separately.
“In the middle” is always written as one word.
“Not much” is written together. BUT: “not by much, but a little bit...”
“A little” – meaning “little” – is written together.
“Despite ...” - always together. BUT: he walked without looking around... (i.e. without looking around).
“Not quite” is always separate.
“Not quite” ready (adverb). BUT: “I don’t agree with everything...” (pronoun).
“It’s not economical” - all together.
I don't feel well. He doesn't study well. In other cases, “not important” is always written separately!
“It’s worth asking a question...” - together.
He worked hard. BUT: He has quite a few friends!
“Impregnable fortress”, “The fortress is impregnable” (take the fortress by storm).
“One of the most troubled areas...” – if it means “noisy”, then it is written together.
“Under-salt” - in the meaning of “over-salt”, “under-fulfilled” - in the meaning of “over-fulfilled” - is always written together!

“I didn’t get to...” – separately, because there is a “to”.
“He has not yet reached the ceiling” - separately (there is “up to”).
“Apparently, the classics have not yet reached the level of our directors” - separately (there is a “before”).

“Whatever he did…”, “As soon as the deputy did not fight...” - it is written “NOT”.

In these cases, “what” ALWAYS has to do with it!!! separately:
What do I have to do with it?
What does he have to do with it?
I have nothing to do with this.
What do I have to do with it?

And this despite the fact that... (“while” – separately).

“I will do this in any case, regardless of anything...” - (in this case, “from what” is separate, “nor”).

An innocent person.

Introduce – meaning “show” (always ask questions: what? who?) “Let me introduce (who?) a new employee to you...”
Provide – always ask questions: to whom? What? - “Give (what?) leave without pay...”

“Misunderstandings are involved in ... (test)” - if the preposition “on” comes next, then “e” is written.
“He was also involved in this fight...” - if the preposition is “in”, then it is written “a”.

“The charge was reclassified to a more lenient one” - one “n” (ask the question: what has been done?)

Which is correct: finish or finish?
“Graduated” from an educational institution. BUT: I “finished” the work.

Which is correct: to put it on or not?
Put on (the antonym of “take off”) – hat, skirt, coat, trousers, suit, dress, shirt...
Dress (antonym “undress”) – a child, a doll.

“How many rubles”, “How many people” – always separately. The same applies to the word “for so many rubles”, “for so many people” - the meaning is “quantity”, “number”.
“As much”, “as much” – is written separately if a noun follows.
In other cases, “as much” and “as much” are always written together!

“Nothing other than...”, “None other than...” - a comma is always placed before “as”; “not that”, “not who” - separately and with the letter “e”.
“Nothing else helped...” - “nothing” is written together.

“Many Turks”, “many Georgians” are correct (“many Turks”, “many Georgians” - there are no such words).

Armed Forces, Russian Army (capital letters in bold).

Supermarket, supergiant, superleader... - it’s always written together. “Super” - when merging with any noun, it is always written together.

“Army commander”, “fleet commander” - ask the question: with what?
“Army command”, “fleet command” - ask the question: what?
“Store manager” – ask the question: with what?
“Sergeant Major, take command of (what?) the regiment.”

“He lives in Vnukovo... in Domodedovo” - without quotation marks, + bows.
If there is the word “airport”, then the airport “Vnukovo”, airport “Domodedovo”, airport “Bykovo”, airport “Sheremetyevo” - in this case the names of the airports are not declined, but the word “airport” is declined (“at the airport “Domodedovo” ...)

The particle “taki” is written with a hyphen:
- after adverbs: right, again, right...
- verbs: he came, he left...
- particles: after all, really...
BUT: if it is (this is a union), it’s big, it’s still young, it’s still the same.

A dash is NEVER placed before “Not”!

“An earthquake with a magnitude of 6 points”, “A book worth 200 rubles” – the preposition “v” is NOT used in such cases!!!
CORRECT: “An earthquake with a magnitude of six,” “A book worth 200 rubles.”

“Those in power” – (separately), (nominative case), “those in power.”
“Those in power” is only the second word. “I am pleased with the powers that be.”
“The powers that be” – both words decline. “I am pleased with the powers that be.”

“My friends and I...” – meaning: “My friends and I went to the cinema...”.
“Comrades” - “My companions were with me,” i.e. my friends were next to me.

“Dot the i's” – English i – without quotes.
“Dot the i’s” – the Russian “i” is placed in quotation marks.

Monument to (who?) Pushkin.
Monument to (who?) Gorky.
“We approached the monument to (who?) Pushkin” - (there cannot be two dative cases).

Memorial to (who?) Lenin.
Statue of (who?) the leader.
Monument to (what?) glory.
Monument to (who?) Peter.
Bust (who?)
Obelisk (to whom?)

Kalashnikov assault rifle. BUT: “he picked up the Kalashnikov” - meaning weapon, + with a small letter.

“Vdrabadan” is not a dictionary word. “Drunk vdrabadan” - “v” is written together.

“Insolently” - “in” together.
Leatherette.
We screwed up.
Once, many times.
Captain-lieutenant (hyphenated) – the second word is declined. “There is no (who?) lieutenant commander...”

KamAZ plant. Kamaz vehicle.
Signor - for Italians.
Senor - for the Spaniards.

Kholava - meaning “slob, bungler.”
Freebie - meaning “for free”.
To ridicule means “mockery”.
Art Nouveau (separately) – meaning “new art”.
Conjuncture – meaning “setting”.
Terrorist attack – (one letter “r”).
Persona non grata (no hyphen)
In military style (with a hyphen).
Dehydration (one letter “w”).

Santa Claus (meaning a person). BUT: Santa Claus (meaning a toy).
Santa Claus (both words are capitalized, hyphenated).

Aircraft: Il-86, An-26, Boeing-737.

Winter Olympic Games; summer Games; Sochi Olympics; White Olympics, State Kremlin Palace.

Accompanied by an officer, the commandant entered the house.
(“The commandant” is the subject, “entered” is the predicate). Therefore, a comma is placed after “officer”.

Cheerful and cheerful, Radik was a favorite. (“Radik” is the subject, “was” is the predicate).

The vivid memoirs published under this title are not so much a story as a document.
(“memories” is the subject, but there is no predicate here). Therefore, there is no comma after the word “title” here.

The car has been repaired and repaired.
After all (a hyphen is added).
In a familiar way, in a friendly way.
It’s not surprising that... (“NOT” – continuous).
I can't wait (separately, without a hyphen).
Like it or not (no hyphen, no comma).
They didn’t find a damn thing (that is, they didn’t find anything), not a damn thing is visible.

Do not confuse with homogeneous members

1. The following stable expressions are not homogeneous and therefore are NOT separated by a comma:
neither this nor that;
neither fish nor fowl;
neither stand nor sit;
no end or edge;
neither light nor dawn;
not a sound, not a breath;
neither for yourself nor for people;
neither sleep nor spirit;
neither here nor there;
for no reason about anything;
neither give nor take;
no answer, no hello;
neither yours nor ours;
neither subtract nor add;
and this way and that;
both day and night;
both laughter and grief;
and cold and hunger;
both old and young;
about this and that.

2. NOT separated by comma:

1) Verbs in the same form, indicating movement and its purpose.
I'll go for a walk.
Sit down and rest.
Go take a look.
2) Forming a semantic unity.
Can't wait.
Let's sit and talk.

3) Paired combinations of a synonymous, antonymous or associative nature.
Seek the truth.
There is no end.
Honor and praise to all.
Let's go.
Everything is covered.
It's nice to see.
Questions of purchase and sale.
Greet with bread and salt.
Tie hand and foot.

4) Compound words (interrogative-relative pronouns, adverbs that contrast something).
For some people, but you can’t.
It’s somewhere, somewhere, and everything is there.

Basic groups of introductory words
and phrases
(set off by commas + on both sides in the middle of the sentence)

1. Expressing the speaker’s feelings (joy, regret, surprise, etc.) in connection with the message:
to annoyance
to amazement
Unfortunately
unfortunately
unfortunately
to joy
Unfortunately
to shame
fortunately
to the surprise
to horror
bad luck
for joy
for luck
it's not exactly the hour
there's no point in hiding
by misfortune
fortunately
strange affair
amazing thing
what good, etc.

2. Expressing the speaker’s assessment of the degree of reality of what is being communicated (confidence, uncertainty, assumption, possibility, etc.):
without any doubts
undoubtedly
undoubtedly
may be
right
probably
apparently
Maybe
Indeed
in fact
really
there must be
Think
Seems
it would seem
Certainly
Maybe
May be
Maybe
Hope
presumably
is not it
undoubtedly
obviously
apparently
in all probability
truly
perhaps
I guess
in fact
essentially
Truth
right
of course
goes without saying
tea, etc.

3. Indicating the source of what is being reported:
They say
they say
they say
transmit
In your
according to...
I remember
In my
in our opinion
according to legend
according to information...
according to…
according to rumors
according to message...
in your opinion
audible
report, etc.

4. Indicating the connection of thoughts, the sequence of presentation:
All in all
Firstly,
secondly, etc.
however
in particular
The main thing
Further
Means
So
For example
Besides
by the way
By the way
by the way
by the way
finally
vice versa
For example
against
I repeat
I emphasize
first of all
more than that
on the other side
hence
On the one side
that is
thus, etc.

5. Indicating techniques and ways of formatting expressed thoughts:
or rather
generally speaking
in other words
if I may say so
if I may say so
in other words
in other words
in short
better to say
to put it mildly
in a word
simply put
in a word
as a matter of fact
if I may say so
so to speak
to be precise
what is it called, etc.

6. Representing appeals to the interlocutor (reader) in order to attract his attention to what is being communicated, to instill a certain attitude towards the facts presented:
do you believe
do you believe
do you see
you see)
imagine
let's say
do you know)
Do you know)
Sorry)
believe me
Please
understand
do you understand
do you understand
listen
suppose
Imagine
Sorry)
let's say
agree
agree, etc.

7. Measures indicating an assessment of what is being said:
at least
at least
the biggest
at the very least

8. Showing the degree of normality of what is being reported:
It happens
it happened
as usual
according to custom
happens

9. Expressive statements:
All jokes aside
between us it will be said
just between you and me
need to say
it won't be said as a reproach
frankly
according to conscience
in fairness
admit say
to speak honestly
funny to say
Honestly.

Set expressions with comparison
(without commas):
poor as a church mouse
white as a harrier
white as a sheet
white as snow
fight like a fish on ice
pale as death
shines like a mirror
the disease vanished as if by hand
fear like fire
wanders around like a restless person
rushed like crazy
mumbles like a sexton
ran in like crazy
lucky, as a drowned man
spins like a squirrel in a wheel
visible as day
squeals like a pig
lies like a gray gelding
everything is going like clockwork
everything is as chosen
jumped up as if scalded
jumped up as if stung
stupid as a plug
looked like a wolf
goal like a falcon
hungry as wolf
as far as heaven from earth
shaking as if with a fever
trembled like an aspen leaf
he's like water off a duck's back
wait like manna from heaven
wait like a holiday
lead a cat and dog life
live like a bird of heaven
fell asleep like the dead
frozen like a statue
lost like a needle in a haystack
sounds like music
healthy as a bull
know like crazy
have at one's fingertips
fits like a cow's saddle
goes next to me like it's sewn on
like he sank into the water
roll around like cheese in butter
sways like a drunk
swayed (swayed) like jelly
handsome as god
red like a tomato
red as a lobster
strong (strong) like an oak
screams like a catechumen
light as a feather
flies like an arrow
bald as a knee
it's raining cats and dogs
waves his arms like a windmill
rushing around like crazy
wet as a mouse
gloomy as a cloud
dropping like flies
hope like a stone wall
people like sardines in a barrel
dress up like a doll
you can't see your ears
silent as the grave
dumb as a fish
rush (rush) like crazy
rush (rush) like crazy
rushing around like a fool with a written bag
runs around like a chicken and an egg
needed like air
needed like last year's snow
needed like the fifth spoke in a chariot
Like a dog needs a fifth leg
peel off like sticky
one like a finger
remained broke like a lobster
stopped dead in his tracks
razor sharp
different as day from night
different as heaven from earth
bake like pancakes
turned white as a sheet
turned pale as death
repeated as if in delirium
you'll go like a darling
remember your name
remember like in a dream
get caught like chickens in cabbage soup
hit like a gun on the head
sprinkle like a cornucopia
similar as two peas in a pod
sank like a stone
appear as if by command of a pike
loyal like a dog
stuck like a bath leaf
fall through the ground
good (useful) like milk from a goat
disappeared as if into the water
just like a knife to the heart
burned like fire
works like an ox
understands oranges like a pig
disappeared like smoke
play it like clockwork
grow like mushrooms after the rain
grow by leaps and bounds
drop from the clouds
fresh like blood and milk
fresh as a cucumber
sat as if chained
sit on pins and needles
sit on coals
listened as if spellbound
looked enchanted
slept like a log
rush like hell
stands like a statue
slender as a Lebanese cedar
melts like a candle
hard as a rock
dark as night
accurate as a clock
skinny as a skeleton
cowardly as a hare
died like a hero
fell as if knocked down
stubborn as a sheep
stubborn like a bull
mulish
tired as a dog
cunning like a fox
cunning like a fox
gushes like a bucket
walked around like a daze
walked like a birthday boy
walk on a thread
cold as ice
skinny as a sliver
black as coal
black as hell
feel at home
feel like you're behind a stone wall
feel like a fish in water
staggered like a drunk
walked as if to execution
as clear as two and two is four
clear as day, etc.

More interesting posts:

First of all

adverbial expression

Does not require punctuation.

There are no words, the decision of the then Soviet government to send troops to Afghanistan was criminal Firstly towards his people. S. Alexievich, Zinc boys. She started talking about how all criticism should be Firstly objective, evaluate as a whole, and then look for fleas. Yu. Trifonov, House on the embankment. "Necessary Firstly take into account,” he wrote in the concept, “that the situation that has developed to date in Russia cannot exist for long.” V. Pelevin, Generation “P”.

@ In fiction you can find cases of highlighting the phrase “first of all” with punctuation marks: First of all, the social composition of the city changed due to the evacuation of some important institutions here... V. Voinovich, Life and extraordinary adventures of soldier Ivan Chonkin. Babiychuk, for all his positive qualities, was tight-fisted, always had a supply of smokes, knew how to take care of himself personally, and, by caring for others, thereby, Firstly, took care of himself. Yu. German, my dear man. The separation is due to the fact that in some contexts the words “first of all” are closer in meaning to the introductory words “first of all, first of all.”

Dictionary-reference book on punctuation. - M.: Reference and information Internet portal GRAMOTA.RU. V. V. Svintsov, V. M. Pakhomov, I. V. Filatova. 2010 .

Synonyms:

See what “first of all” is in other dictionaries:

Firstly- Firstly … Spelling dictionary-reference book

Firstly- Unism. First, first, first of all. = First of all, first of all, first of all. ≠ Last but not least. With verb. nesov. and owls like: do, study, do, study... when? Firstly. Cultures and once again cultures – that’s what we get... ... Educational phraseological dictionary

Firstly- in advance, first of all, in the first place, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, first of all, forward, first of all, first of all ,… … Synonym dictionary

Firstly- see queue; in sign. adv. First of all. First of all, you need to get some sleep... Dictionary of many expressions

First of all- First, first, first of all. Several lines were outlined in colored pencil. Dasha, driven by curiosity, first of all began to read this place (V. Igishev. Miners) ... Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Literary Language

First of all- adv. qualities circumstances First of all, first. Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova

units of a completely extinguished power system that are started first- - [Ya.N.Luginsky, M.S.Fezi Zhilinskaya, Yu.S.Kabirov. English-Russian dictionary of electrical engineering and power engineering, Moscow] Topics of electrical engineering, basic concepts EN first start units ...

message urgency category "extraordinary" for transmission first- - [L.G. Sumenko. English-Russian dictionary on information technology. M.: State Enterprise TsNIIS, 2003.] Topics information technology in general EN priority precedence ... Technical Translator's Guide

QUEUE- queue, in queue and (obsolete) in queue, plural. queues, queues, women. 1. Sequence, a certain order in the following, movement of something. Set up a queue for processing applications. Approach one by one. Get out of line. In order… … Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Queue of bank creditors- during the liquidation of a bank - this is the sequence in which claims are satisfied when the bank is declared bankrupt. The distribution of those on the waiting list for receiving money is made on the basis of the Federal Law “On Insolvency... ... Banking Encyclopedia

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“Of course”, “including”, “first of all” - the comma, like all other punctuation marks that exist today, allows you to most correctly convey the meaning of written speech. After all, writing a proposal is quite simple, but it is much more difficult to make it so that in the end it is extremely clear to readers. There are a huge number of striking examples of absurdities due to punctuation.

For example, manufacturers of tin products in England in 1864 were able to bribe proofreaders and ultimately defraud the American government of almost $50 million. In this case, the proofreaders simply had to shift a single comma in the process of printing the customs tariff, as a result of which tin iron was ultimately classified as tin , and then for 18 years a low duty was charged on it.

That is why, first of all, the comma requires special attention, and you need to know all the rules for placing this sign in a sentence.

Division and selection

It is immediately worth noting the fact that commas can be placed one at a time or in pairs. Single commas allow you to divide a whole sentence into several parts, while separating these parts from each other and providing a way to mark the boundaries between them. For example, in a complex sentence, first of all, a comma is used to separate several simple parts from each other, while in a simple sentence, homogeneous members of the sentence are separated by a punctuation mark.

Double commas are usually used to highlight an independent part of a sentence, as well as to mark the boundaries of this part. In the vast majority of cases, on both sides, first of all, such a part is highlighted with commas in the case of address, adverbial and participial phrases, or the use of introductory words.

Some features

Many people consider placing commas too difficult a task, and therefore simply do not want to understand all the intricacies. But you can actually make this task easier if you know a few rules to help you determine where to put a comma.

Meaning

You always need to delve into the meaning of the sentence you are writing, because punctuation marks are used for a reason, but have a direct connection with the meaning inherent in a certain sentence. Here are some examples of incorrect placement:

• We met with a friend with whom we had a very strong quarrel yesterday with cheerful faces.
• I started improving my health so I wouldn't get sick by running in the evenings.

Unions

In addition to the meaning of the sentence, you still need to know a few words and phrases that stand out or are preceded by a comma. Including almost every conjunction and allied words are highlighted with commas. The latter are not so difficult to remember: what, where, when, since, that is, there are some others. In complex sentences where these words are used, they must be preceded by a comma.

Independent parts

Quite often, many people have various difficulties separating any parts of a sentence from the main one. The independent part is also separated by commas, so you need to understand how to define it. In fact, checking this is quite simple - just read the sentence without this part, and if it ultimately does not lose its meaning, the removed part can be called independent.

It is imperative to use commas to highlight introductory words and sentences and adverbial phrases. As an example, you can use the following sentence: “Recently I saw that Kupriyanov, while vacationing in Egypt, got a good tan.” In this case, if we remove the adverbial phrase “vacating in Egypt” from this sentence, the sentence will not lose its meaning at all, since the following will result: “Recently I saw that Kupriyanov had a good tan.” Of course, it is the section “resting in Egypt” that is highlighted with commas, since if you remove any other elements of this sentence, it will absolutely lose its intent.

But in fact, with participles everything is far from being so simple. You can encounter various situations when gerunds are adjacent to a specific predicate, that is, a verb, as a result of which their meaning is close to an adverb. In such situations, participles will no longer need to be separated with commas. Example: “Dance happily!” If you remove the gerund from such a sentence, the sentence will ultimately become incomprehensible, as a result of which commas are not needed.

Special attention should be paid to introductory words, since there are a huge number of them. We use the vast majority of them every day: first of all, fortunately, by the way, imagine, by the way, of course - each of them is separated by commas. They are not difficult to find in a sentence - just try to remove them.

Appeals

Regardless of who the address is to, it is always separated by commas. It is worth noting that the appeal is especially difficult to highlight if it is not at the beginning of the sentence, especially since the comma must be placed correctly. For example: “Come over, I’ll feed you, little dog, and you, little cat, don’t be afraid, I’ll give it to you too.” In such a sentence several references appear at once - dog and cat.

Comparative turnover

Comparative phrases must be separated by commas. They are also quite easy to spot because they use conjunctions: exactly, as, as if, which, as if, as, and, as well as many others. It is more important to remember here that there are also several exceptions and rules that need to be taken into account. In fact, remembering them is not that difficult. Moreover, a comma is not used in the case of using comparative phrases, which have become phraseological units, that is, unchangeable figures of speech: it pours like a bucket, pale as death, goes like clockwork.

Homogeneous members of the sentence

Homogeneous members of a sentence are always separated from each other by commas, and it is quite difficult to make a mistake here, because the intonation of the enumeration is an indicator here. It is also worth noting that conjunctions that are repeated before homogeneous members of a particular sentence help determine where it is better to put a comma.

If we talk about some more difficult cases, we can highlight For example, if (for example: an interesting, exciting performance), then a comma must be inserted. With heterogeneous definitions, such as, for example, “Please (comma) watch this interesting Italian performance,” the comma will no longer be placed, because here the word “Italian” is used to convey personal impressions of the viewing, while “Italian” indicates who exactly is the author or performer of this work.

Coordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions should always be preceded by a comma in complex sentences. In this case, you need to be able to determine where one simple sentence ends and the next one begins. Again, in this case, reading the sentence and determining its meaning will help you a lot, or you can simply determine the subject and predicate.

For example: “Please, (comma) stop talking about this incident, and in general, I’m pretty tired of such stories.”

Opposing alliances

For many people, the simplest rule is that you should always use a comma before opposing conjunctions. In other words, words like “but, ah, yes” (which is equivalent to “but”) signal to us that a comma will need to be used in the sentence. For example: “The group was about to leave, but Grisha, unfortunately (emphasized with commas) still wanted to look at the giraffe. The group still had to leave. More than (the comma in this case is placed after “more” and not after “than”) Grisha, no one wanted to look at the giraffe.”

Participial phrases

In this case, the situation is somewhat more complicated compared to adverbial phrases, because commas need to be inserted only in those situations if the phrase comes after the word being defined. In this case, the word being defined is the one from which the question will be asked about this phrase:

• the candidate who won the seat;
• bus stop located on the side of the house;
• the man who saved my life.

In principle, remembering all these features is quite simple, so there are no big problems with their use.

Interjections

If we talk about interjections, then in this case it is necessary to put commas after “emotional” phrases. Examples:

• Alas, he was never able to live up to our expectations.
• Oh, how persistent this guy is at doing his job.
• Oh, we won’t see the beauty of this whole world.

Do not forget that interjections must be distinguished from the usual particles “oh”, “ah” and others, which are used in a sentence to enhance the shade, as well as the particle “o”, which is used in the case of address.

Between subordinate and main clauses

A comma must be placed between the subordinate clause and the main clause, but at the same time, if the subordinate clause is located directly inside the main clause, it will need to be separated by commas on both sides. First of all, a comma is placed between parts of a complex sentence precisely in order to highlight the subordinate clause.

“He put a comma in the sentence so that it complied with the rules of the Russian language.”

If the subordinate clause comes after the main clause, then in this case, both with simple and complex subordinating conjunctions, it will be necessary to place a comma only once, immediately before the conjunction itself.

“He stood still because he was afraid and couldn’t help himself.”

A complex subordinating conjunction cannot be divided into parts using a comma in the situation when the one that begins with this conjunction comes directly before the main one.

“As I was talking, he gradually fell asleep.”

But depending on the specifics of the meaning, a complex conjunction can be divided into two parts, the first of which will be included directly in the main sentence, while the second will serve as a conjunction. First of all, it is not the sentence itself that is highlighted with commas, but a punctuation mark is placed only before the second part.

“He had the strength to do it because it was about his freedom.”

If there are two conjunctions next to each other, a comma should be placed between them only if the omission of the subordinate clause does not provide for the need to restructure the main one.

“The decision to stay was up to the tourists, who, although it was quite cold, wanted to enjoy the beauty of this place, on the basis of (comma before “on”) the guide decided to set up camp.”

It is worth noting the fact that if the subordinate clause consists of only one conjunction or relative word, it will not need to be separated by a comma.

"Where? I showed where."

Repeated words

A comma must be placed between identical words that are repeated in order to indicate the duration of the action, a greater number of persons, phenomena or objects, as well as an increase in the degree of quality. In addition, it should be placed before words that are repeated to reinforce agreement.

“Quickly, quickly finish this and get on with the next one!”, “More than (comma before “than”) last time, you can’t go wrong.”

Definitive revolutions

Commas must be used to set off adjectives and participles that have explanatory words with them, and at the same time stand after the noun being defined, with the exception of those that are quite closely adjacent to the verb in meaning.

“Several snowdrifts covered with ice especially attracted the attention of passers-by.”

Adjectives and participles that are placed after the noun they define in order to give them a more independent meaning. This also applies to cases where there are no explanatory words, especially if there is a modifier before the noun.

“Tomorrow Monday will come, and my life, gray and measured, will go on as usual.”

Also, adjectives and participles are distinguished by commas, regardless of whether they are with or without explanatory clauses, if they are located before the noun being defined, and at the same time, in addition to the meaning of the definition, they also have a detailed connotation.

“Having closed himself off, Vanya at that moment did not want to talk to anyone.”

If adjectives and participles refer to a noun and come before it, but are separated by other parts of the sentence, they should also be separated by commas.

“If, having gained strength, our esteemed employee does not return to work after sick leave, he will be fired.”

Detailed turns

Commas are used in the following cases:

If gerunds are used with or without explanatory words. The exception in this case is single participles and all kinds of participial phrases that are adjacent directly to the predicate word and are close in meaning to an adverb.

“As we approached this wonderful place, we decided to stop to take a better look at it.”

But it should be noted that commas are not used if a gerund with explanatory words is used, and they represent integral expressions, such as: carelessly, with bated breath, with folded arms, and so on.

In addition, a comma is not placed between the conjunction “a” and the participial phrase, or the participle in the event that when omitting this phrase or the word itself, it is necessary to rebuild the sentence.

“He stopped, often looked around, and while guiding me through these jungles, he allowed me to get acquainted with the local fauna, and therefore I received incredible pleasure from the hike.”

A noun with prepositions, and in some situations also without prepositions, if they have adverbial meaning. This especially applies to those situations when nouns have explanatory words, and at the same time they come before the predicate.

“Unlike other soldiers, this one was one of those people who constantly moved forward.”

Indefinite forms of the verb with any related words that are attached to the predicate using conjunctions “so that” (in order to; so that, etc.)

“I decided to go for morning runs to get back into shape.”

Qualifying and limiting words

Commas must necessarily be used to highlight groups of words or individual words that clarify or limit the meaning of previous (subsequent) words, as well as those attached to them directly or using the words “including”, “including”, “except” and others.

“Ten years ago, in winter, on the road from St. Petersburg to Rostov, I had to sit at the station all day, partly due to the lack of trains.”

Introductory sentences and words

Commas should always be used to set off introductory words and sentences.

“This is a rather simple and, unfortunately (set off with commas), unnecessary thing to work with.”

In the vast majority of cases, as introductory words you can find: it happened, most likely, without a doubt, apparently, firstly, secondly and others.

Special attention should be paid to the fact that you need to be able to correctly distinguish introductory words from detailed words that answer the questions “when?”, “how” and others.

“He uttered this phrase by the way.”

You should also be able to correctly distinguish between the use of the same phrases and words as introductory or intensifying ones.

“You, of course (punctuation mark - comma) consider this the most optimal solution.” In this case, an introductory word is used.

“Of course you will get to this place much earlier than me.” Here the same “of course” acts as an intensifying word.

Among other things, if the words “say”, “for example”, “suppose” appear before some word or group of words intended to clarify the preceding ones, no punctuation marks should be placed after them.

Negative, affirmative and question words

A comma should always be placed after the words “of course”, “yes” and others if they indicate confirmation, as well as after the word “no” if it indicates denial.”

“Yes, I am the person you met at the local bakery.”

“No, I haven’t been to work yet today.”

“What, are you afraid to compete with equal opponents?”

Commas with individual phrases

• "First of all". Does not require punctuation, but in fiction there are examples where the words “first of all” are isolated.
• "Including". If the connecting phrases begin with the conjunction “including”, they are isolated.
• "Especially". If this is a particle (similar to the meaning of “especially”), then it is not required, but if it is a conjunction (similar to the meaning of “and besides”), then it is already necessary to highlight constructions with this conjunction.
• "I ask you to". Does not require punctuation.
• "More than". Depending on how exactly this phrase is used, a comma may be placed before the word “more” or “than”.
• "Unfortunately". As an introductory word, it should be separated by commas.
• "In connection with." A comma is needed, and it is placed before this phrase.

Conclusion

Of course, it is impossible to cover absolutely all options for placing commas, because we should not forget that there are author’s punctuation marks that cannot fit into certain rules and have only one explanation - the creative intent of the writer himself. However, some “experts” try to explain their own ignorance of punctuation in this way.

Commas should always be treated carefully, and this is what children are taught in elementary school - how to place commas correctly. After all, everyone can understand a misspelled word, while missing a single comma can significantly distort the meaning of the sentence.

But by remembering these simple rules, you will be able to understand whether a comma is needed in a particular case.

The correct placement of commas is important in any field of activity of a modern person. Of course, this is important for those people who work with manually filling out papers or writing text, but it is especially important for those who are directly involved in drawing up economic contracts and other important documents, where an incorrectly placed comma can result in serious financial losses.