Eurowood production: equipment. Do-it-yourself fuel briquettes (euro firewood), equipment for the production of pellets (wood pellets) from sawdust Equipment for the production of euro firewood technical description

07.12.2021 -

Fuel briquettes, or eurofirewood, are today one of the alternative types of solid fuel. The raw material from which they are made is an affordable, natural and environmentally friendly material. The production of sawdust briquettes intended for heating boilers, fireplaces and stoves can be organized at home.

Make fuel briquettes from sawdust with your own hands

Description, composition and features

Logs of compressed wood particles are called sawdust briquettes. They come in various shapes, but this feature does not affect their calorific value. The combustion mode of briquettes is the same as that of coal or firewood: the fuel heats up, decomposes into pyrolysis gases, mixes with oxygen and ignites.

For the production of fuel briquettes from sawdust, wood (sawdust, shavings, dust) is most often used, but straw, paper, peat, seed and nut husks may well be used.
In this video, consider the mixture for briquettes:
Briquette fuel has a number of advantages:
in comparison with firewood, it has an increased heat transfer, second only to coal;
due to low humidity provides a high combustion temperature;
forms a small amount of ash;
burns with an even flame without sparks and cod;
gives a minimum emission of carbon dioxide;
there is no soot during combustion;
the process of burning one bookmark of fuel takes longer (compared to firewood);
does not contain harmful elements for health.

Save money with alternative fuel sources
Eurowood also has some disadvantages. Firstly, they are afraid of moisture, so they require dry warehouses and woodsheds for storage. Secondly, they cannot be subjected to strong mechanical stress. Thirdly, with the manufacture of fuel briquettes at home, difficulties may arise due to the purchase of equipment that is expensive, but if it is available and with access to free sawdust, it will be possible to establish production even in the garage.
In addition to the fact that briquettes can heat stoves, fireplaces and baths, it is very convenient to take them outdoors for barbecue and barbecue, and the absence of smoke during combustion makes it possible to use them even indoors.

Briquette manufacturing technology
The raw material for the production of fuel briquettes is woodworking waste - sawdust, the main supplier of which is a sawmill. The types of wood do not matter, but the moisture content of the raw material should be no more than 12%, the size should be up to 6 mm. Decayed wood should not be more than 5% of the total mass of waste. First, sawdust is sorted to exclude large pieces of wood, after which they are fed into a crusher, and then for regrinding, where they are given the desired size.
Crushed sawdust is fed into the heat generator and mixed with flue gases, then - to the dryer drum. From there, the briquette mass enters the cyclone, in which dry waste is separated from gases and settles to the bottom. Next, the material enters the conveyor and presses or extruders to create the necessary pressure. Sawdust briquettes for the firebox are made in two ways:
creation using a hydraulic press;
extrusion method.

The extrusion method consists in the fact that the raw material is poured into the receiving hopper of the device and passes into a narrowing working channel, where it is strongly compressed with a press. The result is firewood from sawdust in the form of a hexagon. After heat treatment, they are cut to the same size with a special knife.
With both technologies, the production of eurofirewood proceeds by strongly squeezing wood waste, as a result of which lignin, a binder, is released from them. From strong compression, the raw material heats up, resulting in rectangular logs. The briquette heats up so much due to the high pressure that it chars a little. In some cases, after the press, the blanks are sent to a furnace for even more heat treatment.
Hydraulic and screw presses contribute to the release of lignin, but the maintenance of such units is expensive, so they are used only in industrial production.

DIY fuel
It would be unrealistic to think that anyone would undertake to buy such a powerful unit for home use. It will not be possible to apply the technique for obtaining lignin at home. But some masters have learned to use other binding materials. In order to start making firewood from sawdust with your own hands, the following should be taken into account:
A briquette made in artisanal conditions is significantly inferior in quality to the factory one.
Preparing and pressing sawdust requires a lot of time and physical strength.
You need a large warm room, which will require a lot of fuel.
Any improvement in equipment increases the cost of the product.

Thus, having thought about how much effort, time and finances it will take to produce briquette fuel at home, many will prefer ordinary firewood or coal. To start making sawdust briquettes with your own hands, it is not necessary to buy expensive equipment. Home craftsmen came up with the idea of preparing briquettes for heating from various combustible materials: paper, straw, cardboard, leaves, etc.

To make eurofirewood with your own hands, you need to lower the sawdust into water, put clay there in a ratio of 1:10, stir, add wallpaper paste or soaked cardboard. This mixture should be poured into the mold and squeezed as tightly as possible with your hands. Then the figures are removed from the mold and laid out in the sun to dry.
For quick briquetting, each figure can be overlaid with paper or rags. As for homemade pressing machines, then they are usually made in three versions:
with manual drive;
with jacks;
with hydraulic drive.

One of the simplest options for the machine: a frame is welded from a metal pipe, which can be attached to the wall of the house. A rectangular shape is attached to the lower part of the frame, on top - a lever that goes inside it. The second and third option is that the briquette press is represented by a jack or a hydraulic drive, which are designed in place of the lever.

In the modern world, sawdust briquettes, as one of the types of heat carriers, are not widely used among the population. High cost is the main argument. In this regard, some are thinking about the independent manufacture of special equipment at home or in the country.

Most will agree with the fact that sawdust pellets are one of the best and most efficient solid fuels that can be used to heat a home. Of the obvious advantages, their high calorie content, ease of use, as well as a very low ash content, stand out.

Moreover, raw materials for the manufacture of briquettes can be purchased at a ridiculous price, or production waste from woodworking enterprises can be used for this purpose.

Examples of some of them:

Sawdust;
Parts of boards;
Wood;
Straw;
Tree branches and dry leaves;
Cardboard, paper.

The production of this type of briquetting heat carriers is very profitable from both financial and environmental points of view.

Manufacturing technology

The principle of manufacturing such fuel pellets is not difficult. First, the raw material is dried, and then placed in a special device - a briquette machine.

There are two ways to make your own sawdust briquettes:

Heat treatment and pressure. These two methods are used in production in order to obtain high-quality products at the initial stage, as they allow you to create a strong outer layer and maintain the density of the workpiece.
Pressing raw materials. This production method is good for completing a small workshop for the manufacture of fuel briquettes of various shapes with your own hands.

Equipment for the production of fuel briquettes

There are special briquetting machines for efficient disposal of biological waste products. Firewood, sawdust, dry grass, sunflower husks are the main raw materials. The final product is a strong briquette, which is also called eurofirewood.

Types of devices used for the production of fuel briquettes:

dryer, used to dry raw materials;
crusher, crushes into fractions of approximately the same size;
Granulator;
Device for making briquettes of various shapes and sizes.

The stage of preparation of raw materials must be given special attention. Humidity should be kept to a minimum.

Manufacturing machine - working mechanism

The machine for making sawdust briquettes has several nodes in its design. At the first stage, the raw material is dried, after which it is crushed into small fractions of the same caliber. The final step in the manufacture of fuel briquettes is pressing. If the amount of work is not too large, then you can get by with just one pressing device.

A hydraulic jack, which is mounted on a support frame, will cope much better with this task. In this case, the reference point is directed straight down. A form is attached under it, which is then filled with the desired material. In order for the final product to have the desired shape, a nozzle should be made and installed for the rod, which exactly repeats the shape of the container for the formation of fuel briquettes.

This scheme for the production of fuel briquettes has some disadvantages:

Very poor performance. For one full cycle of work, only one product is manufactured.
Inhomogeneity in the density of the material. This is due to the fact that the hydraulic jack is not able to evenly distribute pressure throughout the entire source material that is in the mold.

If you use the technology for the production of fuel briquettes, which is given above, then you can easily heat the house for one heating season.

Raw material calibrating device

This device is used to screen out large particles to the crusher.

After that, the source material is sent to dry.

Dryers

The moisture content of the raw material is one of the most important parameters in order to obtain good quality briquettes.

For this purpose, dispersants are used. Their convenience lies in the fact that drying is due to hot smoke.

Presses

At industrial enterprises, presses for briquetting of a universal type are used. The beam is divided by means of a knife located inside the press. There is also a temperature sensor system.

The constituent particles of a fuel briquette are bound together by lignin, a substance released at high pressure and temperature.

Additional mechanisms

To increase productivity and reduce physical stress in the manufacture of fuel briquettes, additional devices should be used:

Conveyors that feed the raw material to the dryer.
Bunker for the accumulation of raw materials with a dispenser and agitator.
Magnets, whose task is to capture and extract various metallic impurities from materials.
A sorter that performs work due to vibration.
A machine that packs the finished product.

Video: making sawdust briquettes.

Fuel briquettes from various types of raw materials

Everyone knows that paper burns very well and releases a significant amount of energy. This leaves a relatively small amount of ash. If there is plenty of such waste paper in the house, you can try to make fuel briquettes from it for heating with your own hands. Although doing this is not as easy as it might seem:

First of all, you will need a significant amount of paper.
It will need to be somehow crushed into small pieces.
Then the crushed waste paper should be soaked in water at room temperature and wait until this solution becomes liquid and homogeneous.
After that, the remaining liquid must be drained, and the entire mixture that remains must be distributed over the forms.
When almost all the water has evaporated from the mass, it must be removed from the mold and sent to dry in fresh air.

Experienced craftsmen add a little starch to the soaked paper. Some also use paper to make sawdust briquettes. It acts as a connecting element. But it should be remembered that the smaller the fraction of sawdust, the more waste paper is required for the manufacture of fuel briquettes.

Briquetted sawdust is an effective and relatively cheap means for warming up a house during the heating season. You can produce them by making a machine for the production of briquettes. You just need to have a place, free time and raw materials. If it is not possible to purchase sawdust or waste paper at a meager price, then all meaning is lost in production and it would be more rational to purchase a batch of firewood for heating. But the choice depends, of course, on the homeowner himself.

Fuel briquettes or, as they are often called, eurofirewood, is a modern type of fuel used to heat residential buildings, baths, temporary structures, outbuildings, etc. They are dry and dense, due to which they burn longer than ordinary firewood, while releasing much more heat. In addition, they are environmentally friendly - the production of fuel briquettes is carried out mainly using woodworking and agricultural waste. Due to the listed qualities, eurofirewood has become widespread recently, and their manufacture has become a profitable business idea.

The relevance of the idea

Cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, ease of storage and use, high efficiency - these are the main reasons for the growing popularity of these materials both in Europe, where they were invented, and in Russia.

The heat transfer of such fuel is 1.5 times higher than that of wood. One ton of eurofirewood can replace one ton of coal, but at the same time, briquettes are more compact and do not spread unpleasant odors, smoke and soot during combustion.

The cost of fuel briquettes, depending on the type of product and raw materials, averages from 4500 rubles. up to 10000 rub. per ton. Taking into account the fact that they are made from waste, and the current costs of manufacturers are reduced mainly to paying for the electrical and thermal energy necessary for the operation of special equipment, the eurofirewood manufacturing business can be called one of the simplest and most inexpensive to maintain among all areas of the production sector.

The Russian market for the production of fuel briquettes is export-oriented. The main buyers are European countries: Denmark, Sweden and Norway. The geography of sales is expanding, at the same time, domestic consumption of briquetted biofuel is also growing.

Installing a line for the production of fuel briquettes at a woodworking enterprise (for example, if it is used as the main direction) can effectively solve the problem of waste disposal, expand the range of products and provide its owner with a good additional income.

But even if the raw materials for the manufacture of such products have to be purchased, and I must say that the cost, for example, of two tons of wood waste required to produce one ton of briquetted fuel is about 400 rubles, this can be very profitable.

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Product types

There are three main types of eurofirewood, differing in shape and manufacturing features. Each species is named after the manufacturer that first put it on the market. Types of fuel, arranged in ascending order of price:

briquettes Nestro ("Nestro") - have a cylindrical shape, length from 5 to 10 cm, diameter from 5 to 9 cm. May have a radial hole. Produced on hydraulic and shock-mechanical presses;
Ruf briquettes ("Ruf") - have the form of bricks 6 × 7 × 15 cm in size. They are made from sawdust and other waste of soft and hard wood using hydraulic presses, they do not contain chemicals;
briquettes Pini-Kay ("Pini-Kay") - have an elongated shape, in the context they resemble polygons (with four or six faces) with a radial hole. Produced on screw presses, undergo mandatory heat treatment. The most durable and resistant to moisture, so they are more expensive.

The technology of production of fuel briquettes is based on the pressing method. Substances used as raw materials are compacted under pressure from 300 to 1100 bar (depending on the type of briquettes), liquid is squeezed out of them and the required shape is given.

The most common material for obtaining such products is crushed wood waste (sawdust, wood chips, chips). Sunflower seed husks, rice and buckwheat husks, and straw can also be used as raw materials.

It is useful to know how profitable. Material market, manufacturing technology, production equipment and profit forecast.

With this machine, you can briquet woodworking waste, which can later be used for burning in both domestic and industrial furnaces. It is equipped with a built-in agitator, which prevents the raw materials from hanging.

Pressing occurs due to the action of a hydraulic pump, which is driven by an electric motor. The machine for the production of fuel briquettes VR-20A is equipped with a clamping vice adjustment system, with the help of input guides, the required compression force is set. In addition, this press is equipped with a briquette burning device, which makes it even more durable. The estimated cost of the apparatus is 270,000 rubles, the maximum productivity is 15 kg of finished products per hour.

Business planning

It is advisable to start the opening of a mini-factory for the production of fuel briquettes with a business plan. It is better to order a full feasibility study of the project from specialists. An approximate calculation of economic indicators can also be compiled independently by collecting certain data for your region: equipment prices and its technical characteristics, the cost of raw materials, the cost of utilities, etc.

Approximate data for calculating the profit and payback period of the project are given in the following table:

Production costs for 1 ton of briquettes

Raw materials (2 tons)

Electricity (100 kWh)

Thermal energy (1 MW/h) + price of dry wood waste

Salary (2 employees per shift at a rate of 20,000 rubles / month with taxes)

Productivity per month for one-shift operation (0.5 t/h × 8 hours × 21 days)

Capacity per year (84 tons × 12 months)

Minimum selling price

Revenue per month

Revenue per year

RUB 5,040,000

Profit per month

Profit per year

RUB 3,618,720

Literally recently, a new solid fuel for stoves and boilers appeared on the domestic construction market, the manufacturers of which position it as a cost-effective alternative to conventional firewood. The fuel is called eurowood or fuel briquettes, and it is made from the remains of natural materials, such as wood, paper, straw, seed husks, nut shells.

The production process of fuel briquettes is simple, it is necessary to prepare the raw material and press it under high pressure, it is also possible to carry out heat treatment. The resulting product will be dense, dry, ready for use in the oven. In this article, we will talk about what equipment is needed for the production of fuel briquettes, consider the composition of the industrial production line and alternative equipment for the home production of such products.

Production line for the creation of fuel briquettes RUF

Industrial equipment

As we have already said, fuel briquettes are created from various kinds of biological waste. The most popular raw material is wood, and the hottest briquettes are obtained. Full-fledged production lines for such products involve several technological processes, each of which requires certain equipment.

To produce high-quality eurofirewood, you will need:

Crushers and grinders. When creating briquettes from wood or straw, the first step is to prepare the raw materials in a quality manner. At the first stage, it should be crushed to a certain fraction size. The smaller the granules, the denser, which means that the fuel briquette will turn out better.
Calibrators. Allow to screen out the desired size fraction, and send the rest of the raw materials for additional processing.
Drying chambers. Raw materials coming from suppliers are full of moisture, and drying chambers will be required to get rid of it. They can use before and after grinding raw materials. The dependence here is again direct, the drier the better. During the operation of the dryer, electronic moisture meters are used, which clearly control the performance of raw materials.

Briquetting machine for euro firewood Nestro

Briquetting machine, press, extruder. Depending on the type of eurofirewood, the press for the manufacture of fuel briquettes can be different in appearance and principle of operation. The most modern machines additionally carry out thermal processing of raw materials, evaporating moisture and creating a protective shell. Note that the same presses can be used for different types of raw materials.
Packaging plant. The final step is packaging. Eurowood is wrapped in cellophane to protect it from moisture and significantly increase the shelf life.

Eurowood production is a new and very profitable type of entrepreneurial activity.

Due to the presence of a hole inside the briquette, eurofirewood burns without emitting smoke. The problem of the release of volatile substances and unpleasant odors is also excluded.

This type of fuel ideal for fire safety for open fireplaces, because it does not spark when burned. The ash can be used as fertilizer in the garden.

Eurofirewood is produced from woodworking industry waste (branches, shavings, sawdust, straw). For many furniture and lumber manufacturers waste disposal is a serious problem requiring additional costs. It may well be that you do not even have to pay for raw materials - it will be enough to regularly take them out on your own transport.

The production of eurofirewood from sawdust and other waste consists of several stages:

Crushing of raw materials.
Drying.
Pressing into briquettes of the desired shape.
Drying of finished products.

The type of wood does not play a special role in the briquetting process.

But, in order to achieve maximum machine productivity and high product quality that will suit demanding European customers, several rules should be observed:

Do not mix shavings and sawdust.
The fraction of raw materials should not exceed 3 mm.
It is advisable to use wood of the same species.
Maximum performance is achieved with hardwood.

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Eurowood production

Equipment for the production of eurofirewood can be assembled by purchasing separate units. Manufacturers also offer ready-made lines.

Eurowood production line in industrial volumes for sale to wholesale buyers consists of the following units:

chipping machine;
hammer crusher;
sawing device;
line for moving raw materials;
pneumatic conveyor;
bucket loader;
preliminary grinder;
vibrating sieve;
storage hopper;
screw press for making briquettes (briquette);
heat generator;
dryer drum;
cooling line for finished briquettes;
finished product packer.

Automated line for the production of eurofirewood saves on payment workers' labor.

For maintenance of equipment with a capacity of up to 250kg / h, 2-3 workers are enough.

The productivity of a complete automated equipment cycle is much higher.
The production of eurofirewood in small volumes can be organize in a small space.
To sell products to private buyers on a local scale, you can limit yourself to a minimum set of equipment:

crusher;
machine for the production of eurowood;
dryer.

Most of the operations will have to be carried out manually, the productivity of such a workshop will be minimal. But, for a private mini-enterprise as a start, this option is quite suitable.

Room equipment

Certain requirements are put forward for the production premises from the sanitary services and the fire inspection. The required voltage in the mains is 380 V.

Necessarily equipped with sewerage and water supply. Also, you should take care of the ventilation of the room.

Production area depends on power and set of equipment. There are strict safety standards that allow you to calculate the required area.

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On the market, you can purchase domestic and foreign equipment for the production of eurofirewood.

There are proposals for both new machines and used equipment. Domestic manufacturers offer reliable and high performance options.

The purchase of domestic equipment is also more profitable in terms of commissioning, after-sales service, and the search for components.

A good reputation among manufacturers from the company "Bikpress".

Reinforced roller press PVU - 1500 from the manufacturer "Bikpress" works with raw material screenings of charcoal, coal and other various fine fractions using adhesives.

Main technical data:

power consumption - 2-3 kW / h;
productivity - up to 1500 kg / h;
height - 1300 mm;
width - 600 mm;
length - 1600 mm;
weight - up to 500 kg.

Other types of equipment and components can be purchased from this manufacturer.

Compared to domestic counterparts, Chinese equipment is cheaper. But, you should take into account the cost of transportation and possible problems in the delivery process.
It is not a fact that you can count on service and reliability of this equipment.

If you have the opportunity to conclude an agreement that takes into account all possible risks, the purchase of Chinese equipment will save on start-up capital investments.

An excellent reputation with the Danish equipment manufacturer C.F.Nielsen.

An example is a shock-mechanical press for the production of eurofirewood BP 6500HD.

Main technical data:

productivity - up to 1400 kg / h;
briquette length - 75 mm, width - 65x65 mm;
engine power - 45/55 kW;
weight - 5500 kg;
centralized lubrication system - slide / bearings;
overall dimensions - 1700x1550x2850 mm.

This equipment makes it possible to produce eurofirewood of the highest class.

The company offers customers separate units and automated lines for the production of eurofirewood.

Service centers work with customers at a very high level, carry out commissioning, repair and uninterrupted supply of components and spare parts.