To protect a private home in to a greater extent Dogs that feel comfortable in the cold are suitable. Dogs of this category can also be taken to guard an apartment, but here you will have to put up with the pet’s shedding fur.

So, it’s perfect for protecting a private home. German Shepherd. This is a universal option that is equally good for both outdoor and indoor security. It lends itself well to training, remembers learned commands for a long time, and is moderately tolerant of. He is an excellent defender. Able to single-handedly cope with a gang of robbers. The dog is very active and therefore requires constant physical activity.

Giant Schnauzers are fearless and formidable guardians. They are well trained, affectionate to their owners, and love. They are active and love to frolic with their owner. In order for a dog to direct its energy in a positive direction, it must be physically exhausted to the maximum.

Largest breed is a shepherd. These are physically very strong individuals. They are distinguished by their loyalty to their owner and patience with children's antics. Does not require long walks. To keep your pet physically fit, 1 hour of walking a day is enough.

The Moscow Watchdog can be described as a fearless, strong, loyal dog. It is difficult to train. But as a result, you manage to get an obedient and reliable defender. Like Caucasians, they do not require long walks.

The best dog breeds for apartment security

To protect your apartment, it is better to get dogs of other breeds. Of course, you can also take them into a private yard, but in winter you will have to bring them indoors.

In a family with children, you can get a boxer. He is extremely friendly towards children. The dog is well trained, active, and an excellent protector. Requires constant physical activity.

Loves children and Cane Corso dogs. They are a little stubborn, but very smart and insightful animals. They become attached to one person, but protect the whole family.

Rottweilers become fearless and fierce defenders. Puppies do not gain height for a long time, but over time, with proper nutrition and physical activity, they take their toll. In order for a puppy to become an obedient dog, he needs serious training.

The Doberman can become a fearless bodyguard with instant reaction and amazing strength. Training a representative of this breed must be done promptly and seriously. With proper upbringing, it turns out to be an excellent guard, obeying the will of its owner.

Thus, no matter what breed of dog is chosen as a bodyguard, the process of education and training should be approached responsibly. In order for an animal to follow the owner’s commands and cope well with its duties, it must undergo obedience and protection courses.

"VYATKA STATE AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY"

Department of Biology

GRADUATE WORK

On the topic: “Work of a service dog nursery Correctional Colony No. 3 in the city of Yoshkar-Ola to determine the efficiency of this enterprise »

Kirov - 2009

Introduction

Chapter 1. Literature Review

1.1 Origin of the dog

1.2 Cooperation with a person

1.3 Development of dog breeding in the world

1.4 The use of service dogs in the protection of objects

1.4.1 Classification of working dogs

1.4.2 Detection dogs

1.4.3 Guard dogs

Chapter 2. Characteristics of the farm and working conditions

2.1 Farm location

2.2 Specialization, organizational management structure. Enterprise management system and structure

2.2.1 Organizational management structure

2.2.2 The main tasks of the canine service units

Chapter 3. Organization of the work of the service dog nursery of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the city of Yoshkar-Ola

3.1 Purpose of work and tasks

3.2 Material and working methods

3.3 Results of work

3.3.1 Breed composition and livestock structure

3.3.2 Staffing canine service units with service dogs

3.3.3 Feeding dogs in the kennel

3.3.4 Breeding service dogs

3.3.5 Animal hygiene and veterinary medicine

3.3.6 Mechanization and electrification

3.3.7 Life safety

3.3.8 Training of service dogs. Planning and organization of training (training) of service dogs

Conclusions and offers

List of used literature

Introduction

The most faithful and devoted animal to humans is the dog, in Latin Canis lupus familiaris - domestic dog. For many millennia, this animal has lived side by side with humans, giving him its love and devotion, helping and protecting him.

It is still not known from whom the dog originated. Some opinions lean towards wolves, others towards jackals, and still others towards the idea that the dog had its own ancestor.

The first domesticated dogs were most likely hunting assistants and guard dogs. Man used the hunting and protective instinct of the dog. Subsequently, dogs were divided into groups depending on their economic purpose. First, hunting and guard dogs appeared, later - decorative dogs, from which no service was required. This classification of dog breeds is largely arbitrary. With the development of human society, the scope of use of some dog breeds has changed radically. In all centuries, people highly valued dogs, they were worshiped as objects of worship and deities, they were given to emperors, they were used to pay tribute to conquerors, the Bedouins in the desert considered Saluki dogs to be their most valuable property. Even before the development of what we call trade today, people traded for dogs.

There are currently about 400 known dog breeds. They are very different from each other in size, body shape, coat, color, behavior, and purpose. The height of a dog can be from a meter, for Irish wolfhounds and Great Danes, to several tens of centimeters, for tiny Chihuahuas. The dog may have a long, luxurious coat like the Lhasa Apso or Yorkshire Terrier, a short coat like the English Bulldog or Pug, or no hair at all like the Mexican Hairless or Chinese Crested dog. Coat color ranges from white to black, including red, gray, brown, in a wide variety of shades. This diversity is associated with a large number of chromosomes. The dog has 78 of them, as does the entire canine family, including wolves and coyotes, and only the jackal has 74.

A person, first of all, looks for a companion in a dog and finds one. However, research shows that our devoted pets can improve the health of their owners and increase their activity level - Therapy dog. In addition, dogs reduce the risk of developing diseases associated with coronary insufficiency. Without even realizing it, a person who walks, brushes and feeds their dog is spending more time on their health. The very mode of living with a pet forces a person to organize his schedule. Among other things, dogs teach us patience, give their owner endless and unconditional love, and always remain the most devoted friends with whom you can share all the sorrows and joys.

Chapter 1. Literature Review

1.1 Origin of the dog

Theories of human origins are unclear and contradictory. There is no consensus on the origin of man's friend, the dog. Archaeological finds have shown that dogs existed on Earth already 25-30 million years ago. Thus, it can be argued that during the so-called Cenozoic era Along with primates, there were animals similar to dogs. The scientific name of this animal is Cynodesmus. As a result of evolution, which lasted millions of years, an intermediate wolf-like species appeared - Tomarctus, which became the progenitor of the wolf, jackal, fox, coyote and the entire canine family. (17, p.18)

The wolf tamed by man became a dog. Most likely, this happened in several areas of the world at the same time, about 12 thousand years ago. The remains of dogs found in the Beaverhead Mountains in Idaho, as well as in Europe, Asia and South America, belong to the same historical era. The friendship between man and dog began a long time ago. Always and everywhere - during war and in peace, in wealth and poverty, in art, hunting, sports, scientific research- the dog accompanies the person. It is no coincidence that the English philosopher, wanting to pay tribute to them for such constancy, called dogs “honorable human beings.” (9, p.5)

1.2 Cooperation with a person

People and wolves found mutual language so quickly because both have the same social structure and, in general, a common mental organization. Wolves live in pairs, but during the hunt the entire pack gathers under the leadership of a leader. Their responsibilities are strictly distributed: one wolf follows the trail, another blocks the path for future prey, and the bravest ones attack. When attacking a herd, the duty of one of the wolves is to cut off future prey from other animals in the herd. The leader eats first. The rest of the pack can start eating only after he is full. (4, p.5)

Perhaps people living in more or less settled communities threw bones and scraps of food to the hungry wolves prowling around the settlement. Gradually, the wolves realized that man had more advanced weapons: stone tools, arrows and traps. They sensed his superiority as a hunter and began to perceive the man as a leader, accompanying him on hunts from a distance and returning with him to the village to get their share of the spoils. (12, p.10)

It can be assumed that over time, man began to tame wolf cubs, as a result of which, after several generations, wolves appeared who took part in the hunt no longer as observers, but as assistants, scaring and cutting off gazelles or goitered gazelles. (16, p.26)

To tame a horse, deer or elephant, a person had to first catch them, put them in a cage and suppress their will by force. The dog became the only animal that submitted to human power without resistance. It was a friendship of equals, based on mutual interest - hunting. (12, p.11)

In some remote villages in Paraguay and Peru, women still nurse puppies that have lost their mother. Similar cases probably occurred at the very beginning of human-dog contacts, which could have played a significant role in strengthening their friendship. (4, p.7)

1.3 Development of dog breeding in the world

Dogs differ from most animals in their ability to learn, their love of play, and their ability to adapt to people and situations. Man has bred many breeds of dogs with a narrow purpose. For hunting - hounds, pointers, dachshunds, terriers, greyhounds; for transporting people and cargo - huskies, Samoyeds and Malamutes; sporting breeds- Greyhound and Whipet. Service dogs (German Shepherd, German Boxer), guard dogs (Cane Corso, Central Asian Shepherd), bloodhound dogs that find drugs and explosives, rescue dogs, and guide dogs for the blind provide invaluable benefits to humans. People used dogs in wars to transmit messages, transport the wounded, and undermine enemy equipment. (12, p.19)

One cannot ignore such shameful phenomena as dog fighting, the use of dogs for experiments and the use of dogs for food in Asian countries.(12, p.9)

With all its diversity, any dog, even the smallest decorative one, remains a dog, loyal and loving to its owner. There are no bad dog breeds; any dog, even the most unfortunate mongrel, is worthy of respect and at least compassion. No wonder there is a saying: “The better I get to know people, the more I like dogs.” (12, p.9)

Over time, attitudes towards dogs changed: not only those capable of hunting, but also those that were visually attractive and physically hardy began to be valued. It was in this direction that dog breeders began to work, acting with their minds and hearts. In 1859, the first dog show was held at Newcastle upon Tyne City Hall. Only hunting breeds were represented there - only fifty pointers and setters. Standards and genealogy were not particularly taken into account, and dog breeders initially looked at dog shows as original sporting events without special rules. However, fourteen years later, on April 1, 1873, the English Kennel Club was founded in London and began collecting a pedigree book, which recorded data on dogs of various breeds. (12, p. 19)

Other countries followed the English example. In 1884, the American Kennel Club was created, and in 1898, the Italian Club. In the United States, the first dog show was held in 1875. While a little over a hundred years ago only about fifty dogs took part in exhibitions, these days such events attract up to 700 participants. (12, p. 19)

By the end of the last century, supporters of the English animal lovers' movement had made some progress in controlling cruelty to dogs. In particular, we were talking about the remaining completely useless practice of ear cropping. This operation was necessary only in times of dog fighting, when the ear could become the most vulnerable spot. In 1898, ear cropping was banned in England, and no dog mutilated in this way (even for aesthetic reasons) is allowed to be exhibited. According to the American Kennel Club, "any dog ​​whose ears have been cropped or cropped shall under no circumstances be entered into any competition in any country where the law prohibits it, except as specifically provided for." (12, p.19)

Similar surgical intervention provided for by the standards of some breeds, however, not the entire ear is cropped, but only its upper part. This operation should be performed by a veterinarian when the dog reaches three one month old, to which cartilage usually forms. (6, p.93)

1.4 The use of service dogs in the protection of objects

Service dogs are important means in increasing the reliability of security of any object (with a special means authorized for use by departmental security units). (10, p.215)

1.4.1 Classification of working dogs

The most suitable breeds for protecting objects are Caucasian, Central Asian, South Russian, German, East European Shepherds, Black Terriers, Moscow Guard and other dog breeds. (7, p.14)

There are several categories of service dogs used to protect an object:

· patrol and search - intended for use in patrol, service at checkpoints, search for persons who have entered an object, protection of detained persons.

Mine detection - designed for searching for mines and explosive charges, checking and clearing territories

· sentry (sentry) - designed to strengthen the security of objects. (7, p.14)

1.4.2 Detection dogs

Search dogs are used to protect state borders, fight crime, protect state property, etc. They must be physically strong, courageous, have a well-developed sense of smell (acuteness of smell), hearing and vision, be quite vicious, but not excessively excitable. (14, p.105)

The high sensitivity of the olfactory analyzer in such dogs is combined with a strong nervous system, which allows them not only to detect, but also to differentiate odors. A dog is able to distinguish over 2,500 different odors, which no perfect device created by man can do. (17, p.436)

Dogs have superior and inferior senses. When working with the upper sense, the dog raises its head and perceives odors in the air above the ground. Working with her lower senses, she lowers her head and sniffs the soil. A headwind activates your upper sense, and a tailwind activates your lower sense. Search dogs are trained to work more with their lower senses as they are more reliable when searching for a person. (14, p.106)

The search service is the most complex look use of service dogs. It requires long and thorough training. The search service usually uses German, East European shepherds, Rottweilers, Airedale terriers; German and East European shepherds work mainly at the border. (17, p.436)

1.4.3 Guard dogs

The dog’s ability to promptly notify by its behavior (alertness, desire to move forward, but without barking or squealing) allows you to determine the location and direction of movement of unauthorized persons, and take additional measures in advance to protect the object. (1, p.8)

Barking by a dog at persons located at a significant (at least 40 m) distance from the post, in some cases, can force them to refuse to carry out the criminal intention to enter the territory of the facility. The ability to remain alert for a long time at a post allows the dog to reliably guard an object for a long time. (1, p.9)

The dog can search the area and premises, find hidden people, their belongings and traces, and also independently detain unauthorized persons who have entered the protected facility. The dog does not take from the hands of strangers and does not pick up food scattered on the ground, and is not distracted by gunshots. (9, p.112)

The dog can escort detained persons and protect the instructor (owner) from attack. Specially trained dogs can successfully repel attacks from persons armed with both knives and firearms, while they selflessly, risking their lives, protect their owner. (9, p.112)

The use of such qualities of a dog as good reaction, great strength, endurance, directed viciousness, makes it possible to increase the reliability of protection of various objects, residential premises and the surrounding area and reduce other protection (sentries, watchmen). (1, p.114)

There are several ways a dog can participate in security:

On a short (closed) leash;

At a checkpoint (unfree guard);

Without a leash (free guarding). (17, p.444)

A guard dog post is a section of terrain or a closed room intended for guarding by a dog and adapted accordingly. A post for using a dog on a short (tight) leash is installed directly at the protected object, for example, at the door of a warehouse, barn, office space, etc. The dog is placed on a chain, which is fastened to a harness and to a specially equipped pole. (1, p.15)

When the dog is located at the front door, the chain can be attached to the harness on the dog and to a ring secured in the door frame or in the bottom of the booth installed at the post. The chain must be of such length that the dog can freely approach the guarded door. When setting up a standard checkpoint, a cable with a diameter of 0.6 cm is stretched between the posts at a distance from the ground of at least 1.5 m. (1, p.15)

Along the entire length and width of at least 8-10 m, the checkpoint area is cleared of anything that could impede the dog’s movement. In the middle of the area, stepping back a little to the side, they install a booth so that the dog, by slightly pulling the chain, can enter it. A wooden shield measuring 0.75 * 1 m is placed near the booth (1, p.15)

A free guard post is equipped if there is a fence around the protected area or object. The fence must be solid, at least 2 m high and have an entrance gate. The entire protected area is cleared of debris, prickly and cutting objects. (17, p. 444)

Chapter 2. Characteristics of the farm and working conditions

2.1 Farm location

The service dog nursery is located in the suburbs of the city of Yoshkar-Ola in the Republic of Mari El in the village of Medvedevo in the Non-Chernozem Zone on podzolic, sod-podzolic soil. The distance from the city to the nursery is 5 km.

The nursery was founded in 1965. Initially there were six German Shepherd dogs, and the number increased every year.

The Republic of Mari El is part of the central agroclimatic zone of the western agroclimatic region. The climate is temperate continental. The duration of the growing season is 157 – 163 days. Spring frosts in the air end in the third ten days of May, and in autumn they begin in the second ten days of September. During the growing season, precipitation averages 260–300 mm. Winter is moderately cold and moderately snowy. The average temperature of the coldest month (January) is 10 -15 0 C. Snow cover on the fields is established around mid-November and is destroyed by the end of April, the duration of its occurrence is 160 days. Summer is moderately warm.

2.2 Specialization, organizational management structure. Enterprise management system and structure

2.2.1 Organizational management structure

Figure 1 – Structure of the canine service of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Republic of Mari El.

In total, this service employs 20 employees.

The canine department staff works in two shifts. The daily routine is presented in Appendix 1.

2.2.2 The main tasks of the canine service units

· Ensuring the security of institutions executing criminal punishments and pre-trial detention centers (SIZOs), escorting convicted persons along established escort routes.

· Participation in ensuring law and order and legality in institutions executing punishments, pre-trial detention centers, ensuring the safety of employees of the penal system, officials and citizens located on the territory of these institutions.

· Participation in operational search activities to search for and detain escaped convicts, detect narcotic substances, explosives, explosive devices, weapons and ammunition.

· Organization of training of service dogs in the areas of their service purpose.

· Organizing and conducting breeding work for breeding and raising service dogs.

· Ensuring timely implementation of veterinary, sanitary, zootechnical and economic measures to preserve service dogs. (11, p. 3)

The following categories of service dogs are used to perform operational and service tasks:

¾ Wanted;

¾ Patrol and search;

¾ Special;

¾ Sentry.

To restore and reproduce the natural decline in the number of service dogs, breeding, replacement dogs and puppies are used.

Table 1 – Structure of the land fund

The enclosures have the largest area. The area of ​​administrative buildings is the smallest. The Master Plan diagram is presented in Appendix 2.

Chapter 3. Organization of the work of the service dog nursery of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the city of Yoshkar-Ola

3.1 Purpose of work and tasks

Purpose of the work: to study the activities and work of the service dog nursery of Correctional Colony No. 3 in the city of Yoshkar-Ola to determine the effectiveness of this enterprise.

¾ study the documentation available in the nursery for dogs

¾ analyze the dynamics and structure of the livestock in the nursery

¾ evaluate the conditions of keeping and feeding dogs in connection with gender and age

¾ consider the main directions of using dogs in the kennel

¾ study the basic types and principles of training

3.2 Material and working methods

All materials for the thesis were collected during the summer internship in 2008.

The collection of materials was carried out in the service dog nursery of Correctional Colony No. 3 of the Office of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Republic of Mari El in the city of Yoshkar-Ola.

3.3 Results of work

3.3.1 Breed composition and livestock structure

The number of service dogs is established depending on the volume of service of dog handlers and is entered on the basis of:

Detectives - one dog per senior dog handler;

Patrol and search officers - one dog per dog handler;

Special – by order of the head of the territorial body;

Guard - depending on the complexity and characteristics of the protected object in areas vulnerable to escape, at the rate of one dog per 60-80 meters of the protected perimeter. One counselor is assigned 4-5 guard dogs. In order to conduct high-quality training of guard dogs, provide therapeutic and preventive measures and provide them with rest, it is allowed to have 2-3 reserve guard dogs in each institution.

Breeding, replacement dogs and puppies - by order of the head of the territorial body.

3.3.2 Staffing canine service units with service dogs

Dogs selected for service use have strong bones, well-developed muscles, correct placement of limbs, healthy teeth, good sense of smell, vision, normal coat, have a strong grip. In addition, they do not have defects, diseases or deficiencies that limit or exclude the service use of dogs.

When determining the suitability of dogs for use in service, the commission examines them at rest and in motion, ascertains age, physical qualities, state of health, assesses the acuity of smell, vision, hearing, and identifies features nervous system.

A dog’s sense of smell is tested by identifying its ability to independently detect pieces of meat that have been previously scattered in different places over an area of ​​25*25 meters. The test is carried out before feeding or 4 hours after it. The dog is run into the wind. The greater the distance from which she smells meat, the more acute her sense of smell. (11, p. 18)

The hearing test is carried out by pronouncing the dog's name in a whisper 5-6 meters away from it in the absence of distracting stimuli.

Vision is tested by examining the eyes and observing the dog's reaction to the wave of a hand near it, as well as their behavior in specially created situations. The most common shortcomings are cowardice, excessive anger, and unbalanced behavior.

Service and breeding dogs and puppies with defects that preclude their use in service or breeding work are subject to culling. The approximate service life of dogs is 8 years of age, after which their further suitability for work is determined by the commission. For dogs subject to culling, a service dog culling act is drawn up. The culling of dogs is carried out by a commission, as a rule, twice a year during training with dog handlers from penitentiary institutions and pre-trial detention centers. In exceptional cases, extraordinary culling is allowed. Search dogs, patrol dogs, and dogs that have partially lost their ability to work are transferred to guard dogs.

Table 1 - List of service dogs

Nickname	Floor	Breed	Category
1	Scimitar	Male	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
2	Zeus	Male	German Shepherd	Guardhouse
3	Asman	Male	German Shepherd	Wanted
4	Dolph	Male	German Shepherd	Wanted
5	Dick	Male	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
6	Jack	Male	German Shepherd	Wanted
7	Margot	Bitch	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
8	Gerda	Bitch	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
9	Kurt	Male	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
10	Dan	Male	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
11	Zuana	Bitch	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
12	Hera	Bitch	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
13	Jesy	Bitch	German Shepherd	Guardhouse
14	Yasha	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
15	Irma	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
16	Dana	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
17	Sandra	Bitch	German Shepherd	Guardhouse
18	Tyson	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
19	Graph	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
20	Derbent from Anveron	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Repair
21	Adam	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
22	Bucks	Male	German Shepherd	Repair
23	Vesta	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
24	Mukhtar	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
25	Fary	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
26	Famis Tourm Ichkeria	Bitch	German Shepherd	Patrol and search
27	Urs	Male	Rottweiler	Patrol and search
28	Verona	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
29	Nadira from the Convoy on Sugutka	Bitch	Central asian shepherd dog	Tribal
30	Famis Tour India	Bitch	German Shepherd	Tribal
31	Famis Tourm Aurora	Bitch	German Shepherd	Tribal
32	Banhoriot Elgin	Male	Central asian shepherd dog	Tribal
33	Greg	Male	German Shepherd	Guardhouse
34	Zena	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
35	Ace	Male	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
36	Elana	Bitch	Caucasian Shepherd Dog	Guardhouse
37	Jeta	Bitch	Spaniel	Special

The kennel has 37 dogs for various purposes. The largest number of guard dogs is 46%, patrol and search dogs are 27%, breeding dogs are 11%, search dogs are 8%, repair dogs are 5%, and special explosives dogs are 1 dog - 3%.

The percentage of males is 51%, and females are 49%. 51% are German Shepherds, 38% are Caucasian Shepherds, 3% are Rottweilers, 3% are Spaniels and 5% are Central Asian Shepherds.

Breeding dogs have RKF diplomas (Appendix 3). In the kennel, a Certificate of Origin is issued for each dog (Appendix 4).

The institution purchases dogs from private owners and draws up a purchase and sale agreement (Appendix 5). Employees also enter into an agreement with the institution for the right to use a service dog free of charge for the duration of their service (Appendix 6).

3.3.3 Feeding dogs in the kennel

A dog by nature is a predator, which tends to feed primarily on meat. However, during the process of domestication, these animals became so adapted to living near humans that they became almost omnivorous, like their two-legged owners.

A working dog, which expends a colossal amount of energy in its service, needs sufficient and nutritious nutrition.

Increased feeding is necessary mainly for breeders, puppy dogs, growing puppies and working dogs during periods of intensive use. (8, p.10)

Nutrient requirements.

Dogs need proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and water. They can also consume carbohydrates, although it cannot be said for sure that they are necessary for the animal. Most feeds contain a mixture of several or all essential nutrients, therefore, a combination of different feeds will result in a balanced diet. Nutrients in food must be present in varying quantities. If any nutritional element is missing or in insufficient quantity in the feed, the entire product will not meet the necessary requirements. (3, p.17)

Table 2 - Daily feeding norms for service dogs of institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia

The food requirement of puppies up to 4 months of age is 2 times less than that of adult dogs, but milk must be included in the diet.

A technique for transferring dogs from one type of feeding to another.

The transition to the use of dry industrial food for feeding service dogs takes place against the background of normal physiological state and functioning gastrointestinal tract animal.

The period of transfer to dry food is 7 days, during which it is carried out gradually by mixing new food into the usual diet, reducing the content of previously used food and increasing the amount of dry food in the mixture to the recommended values ​​until it completely replaces the old one.

The amount of dry food at the beginning of the transfer should not exceed 10% of the volume of the diet, this can be seen from Table 3.

Table 3 - Percentage of feed

A daily ration of 600 g of food is given to the dog at the rate of 30% of the required amount of food before the upcoming exercise and 70% during rest.

When using ready-made dry food, the need for drinking water higher than when fed with traditional feed. It is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient quantity clean water in the dog's drinking bowl. In winter, especially when kept in open-air cages, to reduce energy costs for warming and digesting dry food, it is preferable to pre-soak the dry food with warm boiled water +40 0 C at the rate of 1:3 (1 part feed to 3 parts water).

When using complete dry food, exclude additional food (bread, raw meat products and broths).

The dog is regularly weighed and the general condition of the animal is assessed.

Table 4 - Replacement rates natural products when distributing dry food for feeding service dogs

Table 5 - The most common problems when switching dogs to dry food

Gastrointestinal disorders (poorly formed stools or constipation)
Possible reasons	Solutions
-exceeding the recommended dietary dose	- strictly follow the recommendations of feeding standards
-limited access to water	-provide free round-the-clock access to water
- mixing ready-made dry food with a traditional diet	- transfer the dog to daily feeding exclusively with ready-made food
-pre-existing diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
Hair loss, itching, scratching, or allergy-like symptoms
Possible reasons	Solutions
-mixing dry food with a traditional diet	-do not use dry food as a protein-vitamin supplement
-pre-existing diseases of the skin and/or gastrointestinal tract	- undergo the necessary course of treatment as prescribed by a veterinarian
- individual intolerance to individual food components	-conduct an examination with a veterinarian, identify the allergen and transfer the animal to a diet that does not contain the allergen
Obese/emaciated dog
Possible reasons	Solutions
- significant excess or underestimation of the recommended dose of the diet at low/high motor activity dogs	-reduce/increase the dose of dry food to the recommended one while simultaneously increasing/decreasing physical activity

3.3.4 Breeding service dogs

Reproductive use of producers lasts 5-7 years. Dogs that have reached 2 years of age become breeders. But not every male dog can participate in procreation. Puberty in dogs occurs much earlier than their physiological maturity. The first mating in females usually occurs at the age of 7-10 months; males are also ready for mating at approximately the same age. (15, p.55)

Rules for organizing breeding work in nurseries for breeding and raising service dogs.

1. The purpose of breeding work is the reproduction of service dogs, the preservation and improvement of their exterior and working qualities, as well as an increase in the number of animals to meet the needs of canine units.

2. Breeding work is carried out on the basis of purebred breeding.

3. The necessary conditions for successful breeding and raising of service dogs are:

Skillful assessment, selection and selection of breeding dogs;

Creation of optimal conditions for keeping, feeding and caring for dogs;

Timely implementation of anti-epizootic, therapeutic and preventive and veterinary and sanitary measures;

4. In the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service, breeding work is carried out with dogs of service breeds:

· German Shepherd;

· East European Shepherd;

· Caucasian Shepherd Dog;

· Central asian shepherd dog;

· Black Terrier;

· South Russian Shepherd Dog.

Planning and organization of breeding work

The planning and organization of breeding work is carried out by the head of the nursery for breeding and raising service dogs.

Planning documents:

Long-term plan for breeding work (drawn up for 5 years);

Breeding plan (drawn up annually).

The long-term plan for breeding work reflects issues of the condition of the breed, its development, and measures to improve the quality of the livestock.

Table 6 – Plan of breeding work for the nursery FBU IK-6 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Republic of Mari El for 2009

The breeding work plan includes practical measures for selecting pairs, releasing puppies, culling (replacing), selling (purchasing) breeding stock.

At the birth of puppies, a whelping report is drawn up (Appendix 7), and for weaning, a registration certificate is drawn up (Appendix 8)

3.3.5 Animal hygiene and veterinary medicine

Service dogs are placed in specially equipped pavilions in camps for keeping service dogs.

The town was built according to standard designs in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, taking into account the norms of technological design of veterinary facilities for cities and other populated areas, as well as the requirements of current building codes and regulations, fire safety norms and regulations, sanitary norms and regulations, state labor safety standards and other regulatory documents.

The town is provided with water, including hot water, electricity, sewerage, ventilation, heating, security and fire alarms and convenient access roads. The town is surrounded by a solid infill fence 2 meters high with a base buried at least 0.2 m into the ground. The territory of the town is landscaped, with green spaces located along the perimeter of the fence. At the border of the town there is a site with containers for collecting feces, garbage and waste. In order to increase the compactness of the development, it is necessary to provide for interlocking buildings with each other, when this does not contradict production and sanitary requirements.

The nursery is located more than 150 meters from residential, industrial, livestock facilities, as well as garbage dumps and landfills.

The town includes the following service facilities and premises:

Pavilions for accommodating service dogs;

Feed kitchen;

Service training class;

Veterinary station;

Isolation facility for sick dogs and carrying out quarantine measures;

Office of the head of the canine department (group);

Pantry for storing special equipment and inventory;

Locker room for canine unit personnel;

Bathroom (toilet and shower).

Each pavilion accommodates 20 dogs and consists of adjacent cabins and walks. The distance between pavilions is 15 meters. The facade is located to the northeast.

For single accommodation of service dogs, collapsible wooden booths measuring 1*1*0.8 meters are installed. A hole measuring 40 * 50 cm is equipped in the front wall. The walls of the booth are made double and covered with sawdust and slag. In field conditions, dogs are kept in temporarily equipped premises or shelters (huts, niches, ledges, rocks, etc.)

To accommodate sick dogs, newly admitted dogs or those returning from a long business trip, there is an isolation ward at the rate of 10% of total number dogs. The isolation ward is located separately from the main pavilion building, fenced with a solid fence 2 meters high, and equipped with a disinfectant barrier.

Dogs are placed in cabins and walks taking into account their gender, age and behavior. They are kept in the cabins without leashes, collars or muzzles. A sign indicating the enclosure number, name, breed and date of birth of the dog is attached above the entrance door of each dog run. Puppies are placed in cabins in groups according to litters, and from the age of 4 months they are kept individually and each is assigned feeding utensils, care items and special equipment.

The service training class is equipped with visual aids for dog training, accounting literature and service documentation.

Success in training, training, and using detection dogs largely depends on the state of their health, which is ensured by compliance with the rules of feeding, maintenance and conservation, as well as by taking measures to prevent diseases and provide assistance to sick animals. (2, p.5)

The system of veterinary and sanitary measures is built taking into account the morbidity of dogs, veterinary and sanitary culture, epizootic situation and includes preventive, anti-epizootic, therapeutic and other measures.

In order to prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious dogs, twice a year (spring and autumn), on established sanitary days, preventive disinfection of the places where service dogs are located and the surrounding area is carried out.

Preventive disinfection is carried out each time before placing newly arrived dogs in the facility.

When mechanically processing enclosures, excrement and food residues are removed from them, the walls and floor are thoroughly cleaned of dried dirt, and then treated with a disinfectant solution.

To disinfect employees’ shoes, there is a disinfection barrier (disinfection mat) across the entire width at the entrance, impregnated with a 2% solution of sodium hydroxide.

Equipment (brooms, dustpans, scrapers, shovels) used for cleaning enclosures and areas are disinfected after each use.

Dogs in the kennel are examined daily by a veterinarian. During the inspection, pay attention to general state dogs, their fatness, coat.

For each dog in the kennel there is a veterinary book Form No. 6 vet.

Dogs newly admitted to the kennel are subjected to a clinical examination with mandatory thermometry, and they are subject to quarantine for 21 days.

Sick and suspected cases, as well as dogs with elevated body temperature, are isolated.

Vaccination of livestock against plague and rabies is carried out according to the plan of veterinary and sanitary measures.

Only healthy and non-emaciated dogs are vaccinated. Puppies are vaccinated at 2–3 months of age.

3.3.6 Mechanization and electrification

Almost all technological processes are carried out manually, that is, there is no mechanization. Cleaning of enclosures and watering is done manually. In the food kitchen, electric stoves and a large cauldron for cooking meat and porridge are used to prepare food for dogs.

3.3.7 Life safety

Safety precautions when working with a dog.

Due to its biological qualities, a dog must attack a person, fight with him, hold him with a strong grip, causing serious injuries and leading him to a state of shock.

Therefore, service organizers and dog handlers must take precautions. Service dogs are housed in fenced kennels. Gates and doors are securely locked. If the dog is not placed in an enclosure, but in a booth, then it is kept on a reliable leash (collar, chain).

Unauthorized persons, especially children, are prohibited from entering dog areas.

All special equipment for dogs (collars, harnesses, muzzles, chains) are in good condition.

The dogs are cared for by assigned instructors and counselors, and in their absence by those service specialists towards whom the dogs do not show malice.

During training classes, experienced dog handlers and other employees are invited as assistants, having previously instructed them. Training suits must be in good working order. When training service dogs, treats are given only with an open palm facing up.

During group dog training classes, intervals and distances are maintained between animals to ensure that fights between animals and biting people are avoided.

When a dog breaks off the leash or leaves the enclosure uncontrollably, you need to take into account that this animal bites something that moves, so it is necessary:

¾ Staying calm, stop, and without making sudden movements, wait for the trainer to approach or wait until the dog sniffs you (as a rule, she loses interest in you);

¾ If you have a retrieving object in your hand, you need to throw the dog along the line of movement to switch to retrieving;

¾ In a sharp, threatening intonation, give the command “Fu!”;

¾ Using available items (headdress, jacket, bag, stick, etc.), accept the dog and wait for the trainer;

Before putting your dog in cars and other vehicles muzzles are put on them, the dog must be on a short leash and on the command “Near!”;

Without educational and service needs, you cannot set them on people and animals. Persons near the dog should not unnecessarily wave their hands or rags in front of them, or shout or speak in a threatening manner towards the dog and its owner.

It is also necessary to know that a dog can become a source of diseases for people, which requires compliance with a number of sanitary and hygienic rules:

1. Persons assigned to dogs must wear special clothing before working with them;

2. Do not allow the dog to lick your face and hands;

3. Do not give food and water to the dog from personal dishes;

4. Do not use personal hygiene items to care for dogs;

5. People should not eat, drink or smoke when handling dogs;

6. After each contact with dogs, wash your hands with soap;

7. When dogs bite people, the wounds must be washed with potassium permanganate, lubricated with iodine tincture and a bandage applied.

8. If deviations in behavior from the norm are detected in dogs (aggression, lethargy, refusal to feed, perverted appetite, elevated body temperature), immediately report to the senior superior and inform the veterinary service;

9. Periodically, for preventive purposes or as indicated, disinfection of dog areas, kitchens, and areas adjacent to the kennel is carried out, with preliminary mechanical cleaning. The booths and floorings are taken out of the enclosures, dismantled and, after washing them with water, dried and fried under the sun;

10. Special training equipment, equipment and dog care items are regularly subjected to mechanical processing, washing and disinfection. Metal parts of equipment (shovels, rakes, scrapers, scoops) can be sterilized in a flame or at the stake;

11. Dog feces, hair after cleaning and other debris are collected in a special pit, covered with a lid, and located 50 meters away from the room.

3.3.8 Training of service dogs. Planning and organization of training (training) of service dogs

Training of service dogs is a consistent, targeted training of dogs to improve, under certain conditions, a variety of complex actions necessary for service. These actions service dog carries out, according to signals (verbal commands, hand gestures), the development of the necessary motor and inhibitory skills.

The main goal of training service dogs is to achieve the ability to control their behavior with appropriate signals from a canine specialist or signals from the environment in the direction required for the service.

The training of service dogs consists of general and special training, training of service dogs.

General training is teaching a dog general obedience, subordinating its behavior to the requirements of a dog handler. General training techniques are the basis for further special training of dogs to a certain type services.

Special training is the training of a dog to perform a certain service: search, special, guard. It is achieved through the development of innate and complex conditioned reflexes(skills).

Training is systematic exercises aimed at strengthening the conditioned reflexes (skills) developed in the dog during the training process, developing and improving them in relation to specific service conditions.

The training (training) of service dogs is organized in accordance with the monthly training (training) schedule for service dogs, drawn up on the basis of a quarterly training plan based on a quarterly training (training) plan. For half a year, the head of the canine department draws up a screen for completing training.

Training (training) is carried out with search, patrol, search and special dogs 9 times a month, with guard dogs - 5 times a month.

The training plans for service dogs include specific tasks for improving general and special training skills, introducing and processing complications based on the characteristics of protecting objects and the degree of training of each dog.

Training (training) of service dogs is carried out by canine specialists under the guidance of the head of the canine department.

To conduct training classes, assistants are appointed from among the employees, who are instructed and provided with special equipment for training dogs.

Theoretical and practical training sessions are constantly conducted with dog handlers.

Training options:

1 option

Trace work:

Working out the trace from different angles.

Sample items:

Let the dog sample after sniffing the assistant's things.

Development of anger:

Strikes with a rod on the ground near the dog and light blows to the dog.

Option 2

Vehicle search:

Blind search of a car model.

Accustoming to detention:

Developing a grip on a special sleeve.

A dog guarding a calmly sitting assistant.

Option 3

Trace work:

Working on the dog's scent after sniffing the assistant's belongings.

Human sample:

Selection of the desired assistant from a group of people for the thing.

Accustoming to guarding a person:

Apprehension of a fleeing assistant.

Option 4

Search of the area and premises:

Search for an assistant hidden in the room.

Trace work:

A search of the area followed by follow-up of the trail.

Development of anger:

Capturing a fleeing assistant after teasing.

Option 5

Trace work:

Working the trail near and through populated areas.

Vehicle search:

Search for a deputy hiding in a vehicle.

Development of anger:

Developing a grip on the training sleeve.

Option 6

Trace work:

Search of premises in combination with investigation of the trail;

Elaboration of tracks laid with tricks;

Studying the traces of a group of assistants (2 – 3 people).

Conclusions and offers

conclusions

1. There are 37 dogs for various purposes in the kennel. The largest number of guard dogs is 46%, patrol and search dogs are 27%, breeding dogs are 11%, search dogs are 8%, repair dogs are 5%, and special explosives dogs are 1 dog - 3%. The percentage of males is 51%, and females are 49%. 51% are German Shepherds, 38% are Caucasian Shepherds, 3% are Rottweilers, 3% are Spaniels and 5% are Central Asian Shepherds.

2. Feed dogs natural products. The main products for feeding service dogs are: meat (beef, horse meat), animal fats, cereals, root vegetables, vegetables and salt.

When specialist dog handlers with service dogs are on business trips or work assignments, they replace natural products with complete dry food according to the replacement rate.

3. 6 dogs are involved in breeding. Breeding work is carried out with German, Caucasian and Central Asian shepherd dogs. Breeding bitches are not used effectively. in 2009 they plan to breed two out of six bitches.

4. Service dogs are placed in specially equipped pavilions in camps for keeping service dogs. To accommodate sick dogs, newly arrived dogs or those returning from a long business trip, there is an isolation ward at the rate of 10% of the total number of dogs.

To disinfect employee shoes, there is a disinfection barrier (disinfection mat) at the entrance, soaked in a 2% solution of sodium hydroxide.

The dogs are examined daily by a veterinarian.

5. In the food kitchen, electric stoves and a large cauldron for cooking meat and cereals are used to prepare food for dogs.

6.Cleaning of enclosures and watering is done manually.

7. Training (training) is carried out with search, patrol, search and special dogs 9 times a month, with guard dogs - 5 times a month. Training (training) of service dogs is carried out by canine specialists under the guidance of the head of the canine department. Theoretical and practical training sessions are constantly conducted with dog handlers.

Offers

· We propose to increase the size of the OKD town (25*25m) to the size of a standard training area (40*40m);

· It is more effective to use breeding bitches for breeding, that is, obtain breeding puppies from each bitch once a year;

List of used literature

1. Araslanov F.S. Protective guard service. – M.: INPO “Era”, 1992. – 45 p.

2. Arkadyeva - Berlin N.G. Treatment of dogs: A veterinarian's guide. – M.: LLC Publishing House “Veche”, 2007. – 176 p.

3. Bogdanova I.B. Nutrition for cats and dogs. – M.: Gamma Press 2000 LLC, 2002. – 416 p.

4. Choosing and raising a puppy. – St. Petersburg: Delta, 2001. – 224 p., ill.

5. Helmut M., Jurgen Z. Feeding the dog. / Per. with him. Zakharov E. – M.: “Aquarium”, 1998. – 144 p., ill.

6. Gusev V.G., Guseva E.S. Cynology. A manual for experts and owners of breeding dogs. – M.: Aquarium-Print LLC, 2008. – 232 p., ill.

7. Dyachenko N.P. Life is a dog. Choice, education, training. – Rostov n/d: Phoenix, 2004. – 416 p.

8. Zorin V., Zorina A. Feeding the dog. Nutrition Basics. – M.: Aquarium-Print LLC, 2006. – 112 p.

9. Klimov E. Self-instruction manual for trainers. – Yaroslavl, 2005. – 128 p.

10. Krukover V. Dog-bodyguard. – M.: Kron-press, 1998. – 320 p.

11. Order No. 336. On approval of the manual on the organization of the canine service of the Federal Penitentiary Service. – Moscow, 2005. – 168 p.

12. Pugnetti J. Encyclopedia of dogs / Transl. from English Petrova S. – M.: Kron – Press, 1998. – 440 p.

13. Savin A., Lipin A., Zinchenko E. Veterinary reference book of traditional and unconventional methods treatment of dogs. – M.: ZAO Publishing House Center-Polygraph, 2002. – 596 p.

14. Umeltsev A.P. All about dogs. M.: Publishing house "Slavic House of Books", 2004. - 320 p.

15. Evans J., White K. complete guide on dog care / Transl. from English Surovtsev I., Surovtsev Yu. - M.: Aquarium - Print LLC, 2007. - 400 pp., ill.

16. Encyclopedic reference book. Your dog. – M.: Russian Encyclopedic Partnership; ZAO OLMA Media Group, 2008. – 992 p.

17. Encyclopedia of dogs. – M.: reprint in Russian, corrected and expanded; LLC Publishing Group “Life”, 2006. – 688 p.

The ability of dogs to guard depends primarily on pedigree and genetic factors. Therefore, when choosing a guard puppy, you need to ask how these qualities are developed in its parents.

But when raising a guard important role education and proper training play a role. Such dogs should have minimal contact with strangers so that they listen only to their owner. She should not allow herself to be petted, and when she tries to do this, she usually moves her head away or shows her teeth.

How to choose the right security guard? What should you pay attention to? Is training skill important? Below is a brief overview and instructions for choosing the right breed.

Sentinels

The best guard dogs for a country house or apartment - these are those who are ready to start a fight with any number of rivals who threaten the owner. Sometimes this happens at the will of the owner, and sometimes the dog assesses the situation himself. Moreover, the size of the dog does not matter. The main deciding factor is presence of muscle mass, body constitution, character and temperament.

The Staffordshire Terrier is smaller than the Retriever, but physically superior in all respects. It is also worth paying attention to the conditions of detention, because capricious dogs will be distracted from work in every possible way if they do not get everyone necessary conditions. Some breeds can only be trained to guard and serve if trained by a professional dog handler.

IMPORTANT! For any dog, the family is its own pack, and outside groups of dogs, and other dog groups are another pack. He perceives the owner as a leader and obeys him. Sometimes a dog may perceive the entire family as comrades, without a clear hierarchy.

It is very important that the dog distinguishes strangers from family friends or social service workers (postman, janitor, policeman) and does not attack them. Remember that if a dog is too friendly, it will obey everyone, and this cannot be allowed, because then its protective functions will be suppressed.

Large

The largest and best guard dogs for the home:

Cane Corso

Italian breed, which is a national treasure. This breed was officially declared only a couple of years ago. Not long before this, the breed was on the verge of extinction, but now the situation has returned to normal.

The Cane Corso's relatives were Molossian dogs that lived in Ancient Rome. They descended from the mastiff-shaped dogs of the Etruscans, the Macedonian dogs and the war dogs of the Persians and Carthaginians. For more than 1000 years they have served and protected man.

This is evidenced by the name of the breed. The word “cane” is translated from Italian as “dog”, and “corso” means guard.

Italian dog breeders combined the following properties in one breed:

• Submission;
• Honor;
• Strength;
• Determination;
• Athleticism;
• Speed.

The dog is not afraid of any task, be it protecting the area or hunting a bear.

The future of the breed was under threat during the fall of Rome, where primitive selection was carried out. After the collapse of the empire, the breeding of dogs of this breed began to be chaotic and unscientific. The frequency of stillbirths increased because ordinary people did not have the necessary knowledge.

The Cane Corso was used for protection and maintenance in rural settlements, therefore, as society transitioned from agricultural to industrial, the demand for the breed decreased

Interesting Facts! The ancestors of the Cane Corso were gladiator dogs who fought in mortal combat against bears and lions.

In Europe, the Cane Corso is used to guard elite boutiques and jewelry stores. Prestigious and beautiful, and, at the same time, dangerous and strong breed. Has well-developed muscles, a proud figure, rib cage wide. Height at the withers is 70 cm for males and 55-60 cm for females. Average weight 45 kg. The head is large and heavy, the jaws are powerful enough to snap bones in flight.

Appearance evokes fear and respect. A serious expression on the face indicates to others who is in charge here. Representatives of the breed clearly distinguish between the owner, his family and strangers. Loves children and willingly plays with them. With proper training and adaptation, he will become friends with a cat if there is one in the house. Unpretentious to food and environmental conditions

Airedale

He is called the king of terriers. He received this title due to the fact that he is the largest representative among the representatives of this group. The breed was bred in the Aire Valley, located in Yorkshire. It was bred to hunt otters and river rats. These dogs have long, curly hair that hides powerful muscles. Endurance and strength, honor and courage are combined in this amazing breed.

During the First World War, a dog named Jack was recognized as the best signalman. This “private” carried messages to headquarters even from the most dangerous shooting ranges. He was not afraid of explosions and gunfire, for which he was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for Valor.

At the moment, the breed is extremely rare, and it is difficult to get it and it is extremely expensive, however, it can serve as an excellent guard and companion for you and your children. Unpretentious to frequent walks - once a week is enough. If the weather is bad outside or you are not in the mood, the dog will definitely feel it and will not insist.

Dogue de Bordeaux

The main difference is its strong grip, which will stop any robber or attacker. In 1896, veterinarian Pierre Mengem published a short book on the Dogue de Bordeaux, standardizing the breed. Characteristic features are a large skull, a round muzzle, and limbs of medium length. Height is about 60 cm, weight is 40-50 kg.

The character is wayward, sometimes arrogant. Nevertheless, loves children very much, considers them his peers, obeys the owner and his family. Loves to chase cats and gets along well with other dogs. Adaptation to new conditions occurs easily and quickly.

Doberman

Friedrich Louis Doberman, creator of this unique breed. He lived in Germany and worked as a tax inspector and a policeman at night. It is easy to guess that not everyone wanted to repay the debt, and Mr. Doberman had to think about how to increase work efficiency and protect himself from aggressive debtors.

In his free time, the policeman visited a shelter for stray dogs, but could not find the right combination of speed, strength, endurance and size. Then he decided to act independently and gave birth to this special breed.

The dog's height is quite high - from 80 cm, weight - 50-60 kg. The character is aristocratic, but only in relation to strangers. Very easy to train. Loves active games, walks, jogging, adores children. Doesn't attack cats, if you wean him from it in childhood.

Bullmastiff

A compact, stocky dog ​​with impressive muscle mass. Has average speed and agility in everyday life, but once the extreme situation– without hesitation, mobilizes all resources to fight strangers. The weight of the individual is about 60 kg, height at the withers is 40-50 cm.

Does not like cats or other dogs, but is neutral towards children. He doesn’t really like to play, but if you want to turn him on, he won’t refuse. It adapts poorly to a new environment, and to speed up the process you will need the help of a trainer or the moral support of the owner.

Rottweiler

There is still debate about the real homeland of this breed, but most are inclined to believe that it is Egypt. There she was involved in herding livestock, protecting farms and politicians, as well as transporting letters and parcels. The dog's height is 60 cm at the withers, weight is 70 kg. A massive beast that will obey only its owner.

He is very easy to train and loves children; he can give little ones rides on his back. Unpretentious to environmental conditions, can live both in an apartment and in a private house. Doesn't bark at cats or chase cars. He is friendly towards other dogs.

Separately, it is worth noting these two breeds, which are beyond competition.

Moscow watchdog

A dog breed that has been considered one of the most popular among Russian dog handlers for 60 years. Large and powerful dimensions, which are combined with a good character and loyalty to the trainer.

Caucasian Shepherd Dog

The Caucasian Shepherd is suitable for those who want to have a responsible guard, and at the same time. Such dogs become strongly attached to the family and all its members, love children and, with proper upbringing, do not attack pets.

Average

Which medium-sized guard dogs would be best for protecting a private home:

Boxer

A German fighting breed, which is distinguished by its charismatic appearance, athletic and muscular physique, and kind character. Easily fits into families or work teams, intuitively senses people with bad intentions. He loves children, but it takes a little effort to get him into the game.

Chasing after wild cats and doesn't particularly like his family. At the slightest threat to the owner or his family, he rushes to defense, but does not attack as a last resort, as if biding his time. As practice shows, when you see such a dog, thoughts of attack immediately disappear. Despite its impressive muscle mass, the dog can develop high speed. At the same time, the dog is very funny and goofy with his loved ones.

Australian Shepherd

Something between a hyena and a husky. Very unusual breed, with protruding ears. The color is most often light, but there are also white or black and white options. Very friendly and calm towards other dogs and children. Doesn't like cats, but will make friends with a house cat. He is reluctant to learn commands and often reduces the learning process to a regular game.

He loves to go for walks, sometimes he breaks into the street himself. Does not require special nutrition, except that it loves fish and seafood. A good choice for those who lead an active lifestyle and walk a lot. This breed will be an excellent hunting or fishing companion, and will also serve as a nanny for your children.

Giant Schnauzer

The energy from this breed is in full swing every minute. If you active person, then this is a faithful and kind guard who loves children. He subtly senses the owner’s mood and does not insist on a walk if he sees that he is not in the mood.

An interesting fact is that only representatives of this breed have unique facial expressions, which are very similar to human emotions. Even after a small offense, the dog feels guilty and tries to make amends for it. Does not attack domestic animals, but does not tolerate stray cats.

Chongqing

A breed from China that combines the features of a French bulldog and a pit bull. The dog is smooth-haired, the color is brown, red, brown. The character is wayward, but compromising, it can make concessions so as not to spoil relations with the owners and their environment.

Does not require a special diet or too frequent physical activity. The minimum is walks three times a week. Street cats He’s not interested, but he can have a great quarrel with his family. Sees children as friends or brothers, does not attack unless provoked. He loves training and willingly learns new commands. Doesn't make noise at night and maintains discipline.

Shar Pei

Another visitor from China, with characteristic features - small, deep-set eyes and wrinkled, folded skin. The structure of the body is very powerful; considerable muscle mass is hidden under the folds. The character is calm, but to some extent arrogant.

The dog does not recognize everyone, you need to earn its respect so that it opens up and trusts you. Any food is suitable, because this breed is omnivorous. The only rule is less sweets. As for training, he shows miracles of logic, memory and learning speed. He loves cats and children, but in a conflict situation he shows his character.

Shar Pei, despite many disputes, is an excellent guard; if you are in danger, then Shar Pei will fight until his last breath!

Samoyed Laika (Samoyed)

A small fluffy animal that can protect your sleep and peace of mind. Very active and fast, he spent most of his history hunting. Can tolerate any climatic conditions. He eats only meat and does not like sweets.

He has a very positive attitude towards children and loves to play. Learns commands quickly and unquestioningly. Doesn't chase cats and is very friendly with other dogs. Nevertheless, he distinguishes well between “friends” and “strangers”, barks only when there is a real threat. Doesn't attack without a command unless you touch him first. Loves walks and active games in the fresh air.

Little ones

What small dogs are best for home guarding?

Ridgeback

The birthplace of this breed is South Africa. Primitive tribes needed an ally in hunting for game and other everyday matters. This dog also showed itself well as a guard, because it could not sleep for several nights in a row.

At the moment, the dog lives in many families, where it finds understanding and love, and in return gives its protection and courage. A small and unpretentious breed. A very adaptive dog, he easily tolerates changes in environment and climate. He starts games with the children and maintains a friendly atmosphere in the family. Sometimes he likes to bark at night, but in conditions of silence and poor lighting, a process worked out by evolution is activated when you need to monitor the situation around you, without making noise, so as not to attract wild animals.

Dachshund

Yes, yes, don't be surprised! A small guard dog with a great watch character. A true hunter and guard who served and protected man for more than one generation. Adaptation and getting used to new conditions is extremely difficult, because the dog is mischievous and can bite, so it is better to take puppies so that they early age accustomed to discipline and order.

Inside every dachshund lives a huge bull terrier. A dachshund will tear anyone and everyone apart for its owner, and besides, these dogs have a well-developed sense of ownership. You don’t even have to teach your dachshund the “guard” command; it will do it without your prompting. You can safely leave your dachshund next to your suitcase or bag, and he will not let anyone near him except you. The Dachshund does not feel jealous of children and tries to spend a lot of time near the baby, ensuring his safety.

You can safely go to work, leaving your dachshund alone at home. She will proudly carry out her post, and even if a criminal tries to break down the door and take valuables out of the house, then an unpleasant surprise awaits him in the face of an angry dachshund. Any criminal will run away with his heels shining!

The diet should be predominantly protein, with a small proportion of cereals and vegetables. Dachshunds need physical activity every day. This is a restless dog that will destroy the whole apartment if you make it bored. Relationships with children also need to be built brick by brick. Relationships with cats and other animals are just as tense, although there are exceptions when the dachshund is neutral towards other pets.

Miniature Pinscher

Of course, the smallest purebred dog of their guard class and its name: pinscher. The miniature pinscher (miniature pinscher) is often called a miniature Doberman, but this is not true. This happened because of the courage, perseverance, and bravery of the representatives of these breeds. Its compact size did not prevent it from gaining love and adoration among dog handlers around the world for its responsibility and protective qualities.

A very energetic and fearless breed with an extravagant gait. Height at the withers is only 30 cm, weight is about 15-20 kg. It is difficult to adapt to new conditions, which means you need to create the most friendly atmosphere possible so that the dog quickly joins the team. Neutral towards cats, children and other dogs. He listens only to the owner, and he, as a rule, is alone. In the absence of activity, he finds something to occupy himself with, but he cannot stand isolation and lack of communication.

Beagle

Miniature short-haired guard with cute floppy ears. The color is most often white-gray-brown. The muzzle is expressive, the eyes are emphasized. It has well-developed, sculpted muscles that grow from any physical activity.

He grew at the withers - 35-40 cm, weight - up to 30 kg. A very active but reserved dog. Never barks at passers-by or cats. Treats other dogs well and politely, makes contact easily. Protects the territory responsibly, but is distracted by extraneous factors.

French Bulldog

And again, put aside your surprise! In accordance with the classification of breeds adopted by the FCI, French Bulldog belongs to the security group and consists in the subgroup of small format fighting dogs.

Bulldogs are very brave dogs with good reactions and are easy to train. But due to the fact that most “Frenchies” are individualists, they are sometimes aggressive towards other animals.

The French Bulldog, thanks to its love of games and the constant need to take care of someone, is especially suitable as a companion for children and as a companion for the elderly.

A compact, “pumped up” dog that can provide reliable protection. Loves children and pets and is easy to train. He doesn’t adapt to new conditions very quickly, but if you make a little effort (spend more time with him, play with him, feed him treats), the process will go faster.

The character is calm, but can sometimes be harmful if you deprive her of communication with family members or other dogs. Sometimes he likes to bark out the window. Snores at night.

Cool video

Educational video:

Conclusion

The main rule when choosing is a feeling of contact with the dog. If you have installed it, then no matter what breed and degree of training your pet is, be sure that he will make contact with you. Pay more attention at first so that the dog understands that he is not just a “security worker”, but a full-fledged member of the family.

Which dog did you choose for this purpose? Found at a shelter or bought a puppy? How did she adapt? What problems arose during your first walks and games together? How did you get in touch with children? Share photos and impressions in the comments.

In safe paws: how dogs serve in the GUFSIN

The only breeding nursery in the region operates in Kemerovo. service dog breeding GUFSIN of Russia. Today there are 12 dogs living there. These are shepherds - German, Eastern European, Belgian and Caucasian. Every year they have puppies, which from the age of six months are sent to serve in the colonies of Kuzbass.

“Gazeta Kemerovo” found out what puppies are taught from the first days of life, how four-legged heroes stand guard, detain criminals, look for drugs and where they meet their old age.

How the nursery works

The Kemerovo nursery has been operating for the fifth year. He handed over more than 150 dogs to dog handlers. His pets stand guard, escort prisoners, search for prohibited substances, explosives and even cell phones.

We go on a tour of the nursery territory. There are 12 dogs permanently living at the base - these are mothers. Each of them has a spacious, insulated wooden enclosure. Above the boxes there are signs with the names: Bagheera, Bella, Priestess... The oldest of the dogs is Rena, this year she brought her 30th puppy.

« All our dogs have completed training courses and passed exams, they exercise regularly and are in excellent physical shape. Males serve in the colonies and come to us only for mating. They can't sit idle - they'll get bored. Thanks to such parents, puppies will have good heredity"- says Vladimir Polev, head of the canine service of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Kemerovo region.

Breeders select a pair for each animal based on its characteristics. Recently I had to take one of the “brides” to Guryevsk so that she could meet the father of her future puppies.

"TO Every dog ​​gives birth once a year. They are healthy, strong, with a stable psyche. We raise puppies up to 6-11 months. Of course, we try to hand them over to dog handlers early so that they can establish contact with their charges.", continues Vladimir.

Most of the dogs in the kennel are German Shepherds. They are universalists: they can perform any service. There are also Caucasians - the most reliable guards. This year, Eastern European and Belgian Shepherds have joined the dog family; they will have their first puppies in 2018.

« Easterners are the most resilient, rarely get sick and cope well with official tasks. This breed was created for the Soviet army back in the 1920s. The Belgian Shepherd has an excellent reaction and can repel an attack in the first seconds. It will be used for protective service and detentions. A dog named Simon was brought to us from a kennel in Perm. She won't have puppies until next year.", explains Vladimir Polev.

Santa's story

In the office of the head of the nursery, Maria Izmailova, there are two photographs hanging. The first photo shows a German Shepherd with golden fur. On the second - Maria herself with another German, black.

« I have loved dogs since childhood, but I did not think that my profession would be connected with them. By first education, I am a primary school teacher. When my children were born, I changed school to kindergarten so that I could spend more time with them. Then my life changed dramatically - I became a police dog handler. And I realized that this is exactly my calling. I served in the Ministry of Internal Affairs until I was invited to our nursery"- recalls Maria.

She says that the pictures are of her friends and partners. The red shepherd is the legendary Santa, who solved crimes in different cities of Kuzbass.

« In the Kirovsky district of Kemerovo, on the embankment, a driver hit a woman and ran away, leaving his car. Santa and I found the trail. The dog led me to Recordnaya Street and marked the house. It was there that my colleagues and I detained the owner of the car. After 45 minutes, he admitted that he had injured a pedestrian and fled the scene of the accident.“, the dog handler says proudly.

The dog is still with her owner - she is 11 years old, she guards the house, loves her family and goes to the dacha every summer. This is a calm, happy old age.

The black dog is Pietra, an athlete who still defends the honor of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at canine competitions. Maria raised her and handed her over to another dog handler when she left to serve in the GUFSIN. She keeps the memory of her fighting friend and follows her sporting victories.

Puppy life

Tiled floors and walls, wooden flooring - this is the delivery room where puppies are born. Here they spend the first 45 days of life, next to their mother. Behind the wall is a veterinary office. The doctor monitors the health of babies from the first days of their life.

« When the puppies grow up, we move them to warm enclosures. They are indoors. A dog handler works with the children - he takes them for a walk, accustoms them to a collar and leash, and plays with them. At four months we transfer the tomboys to an outdoor enclosure. There will be no home conditions in the colonies, so the puppies need to be hardened. You see, everything is like with people - nursery, junior group, and then senior"- Maria laughs.

The outdoor enclosure has neat booths and cups of fresh water. Puppies Cherry and Charlie tirelessly run after each other. We are allowed to pet them, the restless ones immediately reach out to me and lightly bite my palms. They are so old - they try everything by tooth.

Next to the puppy houses there is a “playground”. This is a training complex for the little ones: stairs, low jumping obstacles, and a slide. Here a dog handler works with the puppies every day. In the form of a game, they learn the basics of training, performing simple exercises for a tasty reward. Physical activity helps children develop harmoniously.

We end the tour in the kitchen. In the spacious catering unit, food is prepared for both adult dogs and puppies. The older ones are fed twice a day, the younger ones - from five or less, depending on age.

« Dogs receive 200 grams of fresh raw meat every day, as well as porridge in beef broth. We also make sure to give our students vitamins. For puppies, food is more gentle - cottage cheese, porridge with milk with vegetables, milk“, - shows the head of the nursery.

Charlie's story

Mischievous Charlie was born this winter to German Shepherd Rena - oldest dog nursery He is already four months old - it’s time to go to service.

Today a dog handler came to visit the puppy Lyubov Slobodenyuk from colony No. 43. She hasn't seen him yet, she's waiting outside the veterinarian's office and is a little worried.

« This is such a joy! Like an addition to the family. The puppy will be my assistant, my friend. We will get to know each other, and in a couple of weeks they will give it to me. Let's start learning basic commands - “sit”, “lie down”, “place”, “come”, we will play and walk a lot. From the age of six months we will begin a course of special training. My dog ​​will look for illegal substances, so he will become familiar with their smells using imitators"- says Lyubov.

Our conversation is interrupted. Charlie runs as fast as he can down the corridor. The dog handler smiles, looking at the playful puppy. They attach a leash to his collar and lead him to his new owner. He likes her - the dog licks her hands and wags his tail. This is how their friendship begins.

« Charlie will learn everything through play. Yes, friend?- the dog handler strokes Charlie. - He will enjoy every lesson. Now we only use positive reinforcement when working with dogs - treats and praise. Previously, it was different - mechanical action was used. For example, the command “sit” - you pressed your hand on the croup so that the dog sat down. But it’s much easier to work in the form of a game».

Guard, convoy and search

The GUFSIN employs several types of service dogs: search dogs, patrol dogs, guard dogs, and special dogs to search for drugs, explosives, cell phones. Each has its own professional qualities, which the dog handler develops through regular training. At least nine times a month he exercises with his dog at a film theater or place of duty.

« Special drug detection dogs are trained on simulators. Their relatives study explosives using analogues of TNT, hexogen and others. To find cell phones, our dogs train on real cell phones - the ones we confiscate. The battery and the plastic from which the case is made have a specific odor"- says Vladimir Polev.

Patrol and detection dogs pick up the scent, search for the person, and, if necessary, detain him until help arrives. They are not afraid of shots, and are ready to neutralize an armed criminal. To develop such courage in dogs, dog handlers take them with them to shooting ranges so that they get used to the sharp sound, and then use weapons during training.

Vladimir simulates an escape situation and explains what tasks the dog handler performs:

« The specialist and his dog arrive at the site and determine the trajectory of the person involved. When the trail is identified, the dog handler collects scent data using tweezers, a swab and a special bag - to remind the dog if it goes astray. Also sets a flag for colleagues who will follow the trail after him. If a criminal is found, the dog handler warns: “Stop, otherwise I will use a service dog.” If he does not obey, then the dog is released - without a collar, so that the swindler does not grab it. The dog detains the fugitive, working on the sleeve. After the arrest, the dog handler provides medical assistance to the person.».

History of Troy

In April 2013, a prisoner exchange took place near Mariinsk. A dog handler and his German shepherd named Troy worked in the convoy.

One of the prisoners suddenly broke free and rushed to the railway tracks. The train was approaching. The criminal wanted to jump to the other side, but did not have time - the brave Troy overtook him. And she didn’t let go until the GUFSIN employees came running. While they were detaining the criminal, the dog was pulled under the train. It was not possible to save her.

This was the first case in Kuzbass when a service dog died while performing its duties. After the funeral, a monument was erected to Troy in the nursery yard. Her story is told to every dog ​​handler who comes to pick up a puppy. To take care of those who love their owner so selflessly that they are ready to risk their lives for him.

All dogs go home

Service dogs serve for up to eight years. The commission then determines whether the dog can continue working. Sometimes “pensioners” are transferred to light work: for example, from the wanted list to guard duty. But most often they write it off.

« When the dog leaves the service, the dog handler takes it home. How could it be otherwise, they served together. A dog is, first of all, a faithful friend. By law, we have the opportunity to euthanize an animal, but we never do that. We are not flayers. Our tailed colleagues are quietly living out their lives in the family, in a well-deserved rest", says Vladimir Polev.

History of Yara

The German Shepherd named Yara is just over eight years old. She serves in colony No. 43 together with Lyubov Slobodenyuk. The same dog handler who chose a new dog for himself. The shepherd has only a few days left to work - she will be commissioned in May.

Anyone can find Yara by smell mobile phone- both an old Nokia and a fancy smartphone. She took first place twice at regional competitions. And she found means of communication in the most unexpected places.

« One day, Yara and I were inspecting cars at a checkpoint. A KamAZ truck arrived with coal. The dog climbed into it and immediately began to dig, and then gave me a signal. One of the lumps of fuel turned out to be a dummy - so skillful that you couldn’t tell the difference at first glance. Inside the black package were 50 cell phones."- recalls Lyubov.

In recent working days, Yara continues to inspect cars at the entrance to the colony. She hasn't had any misfires yet. After the shift, the dog goes for a walk, plays with the owner and has a hearty dinner. Soon her whole life will consist of dog joys.

« I was already allowed to take Yara with me. My family is really looking forward to it, especially the children. During my vacation, the dog visited me more than once and became friends with them,” Lyubov smiles. - I think that my friend and partner will live with us in May. Every dog ​​should have a home and a person who loves it.».

The concept of guard dog breeds usually means four-legged service dogs that have innate skills or good results in training in the following “disciplines”: protective guard, sentry, escort, sentinel and sentry service. In the common understanding, guard dogs are bred to protect property, territory or a person (owner). Differences in the theory and understanding of the “majority” give rise to a lot of controversy. Let us immediately note that all service breeds are universal to one degree or another, and a good trainer will teach any dog ​​to guard. The question is whether the four-legged animal feels that guarding is his duty and calling or whether he “defends” the object because it is necessary. Below, we will look at the photos and names of breeds that are worth having for protection.

What criteria are used to determine the best guard dog breed for you? Size, anger, bite force, distrust of others? Or maybe it is important for you that the dog is small size and did not cause discomfort in the apartment? Or maybe, on the contrary, you are a fan of giant breeds and do not take small four-legged animals seriously? Too many factors influence the choice of breed; it all depends on the wishes of the owner and the living conditions of the future pet.

Home guard dog

Typically, a breed for a private home is a dog for keeping on the street with free entry into the house. An alternative option is to live in a yard with an equipped enclosure and kennel. The main criteria by which a breed is selected to protect a home and territory are:

• Gigantic, large, or at least medium size.

• Thick coat and well-developed undercoat.

• Devotion, against the backdrop of independence.

• Innate distrust of strangers.

• It will be optimal if the selected breed is prone to independently solving complex problems and making decisions.

Important! A dog, no matter what breed it is, cannot be kept on a chain! A leash is a temporary measure until guests enter the house or the yard gate is open, but no more! All guard dogs are active and resilient by nature; restricting their freedom leads to tragic consequences. Stress leads tailed animals to mental disorders, and an unbalanced dog is a real threat!

Apartment guard dog

The choice of a security guard for an apartment is limited by more rigid boundaries, but again it all depends on your preferences and the area of ​​your home. True fans live in apartments with mastiffs and great Danes without any discomfort. We will look at the “average indicators” that most potential owners arrive at:

• Medium or small dimensions.

• Not too much or no shedding.

• Short hair.

• The absence of a dog’s characteristic odor is an individual indicator; many owners do not consider it important.

• No tendency to drool.

• Cleanliness and compactness.

Read also: Australian Shepherd: history, character, content and rules for choosing puppies

Human guard dog

The category of bodyguards includes any breed of dog with protective qualities, even if the skills are dull. The desire to protect is reinforced by unconditional love for the owner. If we think logically, every dog ​​has teeth and is able to use them if necessary. Next, it is worth considering another factor - the stability of the nervous system. Miniature dogs that tremble at loud noises will bite, but only if threatened directly. The good-natured Border Collie, devoid of any aggression, will go into desperate battle if its owner is threatened. The conclusion is simple - a dog is a bodyguard, this is the result of upbringing against the background of a healthy psyche.

Breed groups that are not suitable for protection

• Hunting, except for universal dogs from the group of Laikas, Schnauzers and some terriers. All breeds that show malice towards animals are not recommended for keeping in private homes. Even if you do not keep poultry (livestock), your neighbors may suddenly acquire a “farm”.

• Fighting breeds. It is worth mentioning here that when proper training, a people-friendly dog ​​proves to be an excellent guard in a dangerous situation.

• Rescuers, guide dogs, purely family dogs– a friendly four-legged animal smiling “from ear to ear” is unlikely to scare an intruder.

Giant guard dog breeds

Brazilian Fila(57–75 cm at the withers) is a short-haired dog with a very serious character. Phil needs to be respected and honored, not forgetting who is boss. Not everyone can raise a giant; it requires experience, skills and patience. The dog is an excellent, thinking and balanced guard. The breed's characteristic feature is a quiet attack, without barking, growling or pronounced aggressive facial expressions.

Bullmastiff(50–66 cm at the withers) is a specially bred guard breed. The dogs are distinguished by their agility and speed; they try not to injure, but to “crush” the attacker with messages and hold them until the owner arrives. They attack tactfully and almost silently, and work excellently at night. They are not suitable for outdoor use due to their short fur.

(54–65 cm at the withers) is a short-haired giant with a flexible character. If a dog is purchased for protection, special training is recommended! Against the backdrop of innate protective qualities, a four-legged animal that does not need to be guarded feels great “on the couch.”

(60–68 cm at the withers) is a very serious, smooth-haired dog, capable of maiming an attacker in a matter of seconds. In some countries, the breed is prohibited for purchase and breeding, since raising such a serious pet must be approached very responsibly.

Black Russian Terrier(64–72 cm at the withers) is a huge, shaggy, black giant with a balanced temperament. Excellent for protecting the yard, but needs constant contact with the owner. RCT in rage is an element that cannot be stopped physically without harming the dog! Training and socialization require experience, moral and physical endurance from the owner.

(58–71 cm at the withers) – large and black like RCT, but not as fluffy. Can live on the street warm time year, but in winter it needs an insulated enclosure or free access to the home. Risen are friendly towards family members and reserved towards strangers. If necessary, they zealously protect both the owner and his property.

Read also: Dwarf and Royal Pekingese: how to choose a puppy and not make a mistake

Moscow watchdog(64–69 cm at the withers) is a breed adapted for living outdoors. A large, hardy, very temperamental dog in work. The guards do not play to the public, and if they do attack, the “victim” will be in trouble. Aviary keeping is strictly not recommended, that is, restriction of will; the four-legged animal must be in the territory 24 hours a day.

(67–70 cm at the withers) is a powerful, long-haired dog with a stable, slightly superficial character. A Caucasian may seem lazy and melancholic until you cross the “threshold” of his territory. Representatives of the breed are really dangerous for an attacker, but do not try to kill, just drive them away. A feature that plays an important role in protection is that the dog does not warn of an attack. Like the Moscow Watchdog, the KO does not tolerate harassment on the territory.

Central asian shepherd dog(60–78 cm at the withers) – a dog similar to the Caucasian Shepherd, but with a more family-oriented character. Externally it differs in the length of its coat, structure and shortened tail. CAOs are patient with other animals in the area and are good at distinguishing children from adults.

Large guard dog breeds

(55–60 cm at the withers) – universal service breed with innate security skills. The dogs are trained for all types of service (except hunting), are suitable for keeping in an apartment and on the street, get along well with children, get along well with an independent owner or in a large family.

(56–61 cm at the withers) - confidently competes with HO in terms of versatility and learning ability. Belgians are more active than their “German brothers”; they feel great on the territory and in the company of the owner. BO is suitable for a family with children, living in a house with other animals, but requires serious daily exercise and constant intellectual development.

(50–69 cm at the withers) – despite their impressive height, the dogs are very compact and short-haired, which requires keeping them indoors. The breed has innate skills to protect the owner, but is always ready to defend the territory. The Rottweiler is classified as a “dangerous breed”; in fact, everything depends on the upbringing and experience of the owner.

(61–70 cm at the withers) – the breed should not be identified with a “thinner Rottweiler”. Dobermans are natural bodyguards and patrol officers. Initially, the breed was bred for police service, which instilled restraint in the dogs against the backdrop of excellent physical data and a formidable appearance.

German boxer(53–63 cm at the withers) – short-haired, compact, hardy dog ​​for family and protection. Representatives of the breed do not need special training, since they instinctively protect the owner. ZKS courses are only recommended for those dogs who do not quite understand how to handle their skills.