General anti-inflammatory drugs. Large list of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Strong anti-inflammatory pills

11.11.2019 -

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, NSAIDs) are a group of drugs whose action is aimed at symptomatic treatment (pain relief, inflammation and temperature reduction) in acute and chronic diseases. Their action is based on a decrease in the production of special enzymes called cyclooxygenases, which trigger the reaction mechanism to pathological processes in the body, such as pain, fever, inflammation.

Medicines of this group are widely used all over the world. Their popularity is ensured by good efficiency against the background of sufficient safety and low toxicity.

The best-known representatives of the NSAID group are, for most of us, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), ibuprofen, analgin and naproxen, available in pharmacies in most countries of the world. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is not an NSAID because it has a relatively weak anti-inflammatory activity. It acts against pain and temperature on the same principle (by blocking COX-2), but mainly only in the central nervous system, almost without affecting the rest of the body.

Operating principle

Soreness, inflammation and fever are common pathological conditions accompanying many diseases. If we consider pathological course at the molecular level, it can be seen that the body "forces" the affected tissues to produce biologically active substances - prostaglandins, which, acting on the vessels and nerve fibers cause local swelling, redness and soreness.

In addition, these hormone-like substances, reaching the cerebral cortex, affect the center responsible for thermoregulation. Thus, impulses are given about the presence of an inflammatory process in tissues or organs, so a corresponding reaction occurs in the form of fever.

A group of enzymes called cyclooxygenases (COX) are responsible for starting the mechanism for the appearance of these prostaglandins. The main effect of non-steroidal drugs is to block these enzymes, which in turn leads to inhibition of the production of prostaglandins, which increase the sensitivity of nociceptive receptors responsible for pain. Therefore, they are docked pain bringing discomfort to a person.

Types behind the mechanism of action

NSAIDs are classified according to their chemical structure or mechanism of action. The long-known drugs of this group were divided into types according to their chemical structure or origin, since then the mechanism of their action was still unknown. Modern NSAIDs, on the contrary, are usually classified according to the principle of action - depending on what type of enzymes they act on.

There are three types of cyclooxygenase enzymes - COX-1, COX-2 and the controversial COX-3. At the same time, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, depending on the type, affect the main two of them. Based on this, NSAIDs are divided into groups:

non-selective inhibitors (blockers) of COX-1 and COX-2- act immediately on both types of enzymes. These drugs block COX-1 enzymes, which, unlike COX-2, are constantly present in our body, performing various important functions. Therefore, exposure to them can be accompanied by various side effects, and a particular negative effect is on the gastrointestinal tract. This includes most classic NSAIDs. selective COX-2 inhibitors. This group affects only enzymes that appear in the presence of certain pathological processes such as inflammation. Taking such drugs is considered safer and preferable. They do not affect the gastrointestinal tract so negatively, but at the same time, the load on the cardiovascular system goes more(may increase blood pressure). selective NSAID COX-1 inhibitors. This group is small, since almost all drugs that affect COX-1 affect in varying degrees and COX-2. An example is acetylsalicylic acid in a small dosage.

In addition, there are controversial COX-3 enzymes, the presence of which has been confirmed only in animals, and they are also sometimes referred to as COX-1. It is believed that their production is slightly slowed down by paracetamol.

In addition to reducing fever and eliminating pain, NSAIDs are recommended for blood viscosity. The drugs increase the liquid part (plasma) and reduce formed elements, including lipids that form cholesterol plaques. Due to these properties, NSAIDs are prescribed for many diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

List of NSAIDs

Major non-selective NSAIDs

Acid derivatives:

acetylsalicylic (aspirin, diflunisal, salasat); arylpropionic acid (ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, thiaprofenic acid); arylacetic acid (diclofenac, fenclofenac, fentiazac); heteroarylacetic (ketorolac, amtolmetin); indole/indene of acetic acid (indomethacin, sulindac); anthranilic (flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid); enolic, in particular oxicam (piroxicam, tenoxicam, meloxicam, lornoxicam); methanesulfonic (analgin).

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is the first known NSAID, discovered back in 1897 (all others appeared after the 1950s). In addition, it is the only agent capable of irreversibly inhibiting COX-1 and has also been shown to stop platelets from sticking together. Such properties make it useful in the treatment of arterial thrombosis and for the prevention of cardiovascular complications.

Selective COX-2 inhibitors

rofecoxib (Denebol, Viox discontinued in 2007) lumiracoxib (Prexige) parecoxib (Dynastat) etoricoxib (Arcosia) celecoxib (Celebrex).

Main indications, contraindications and side effects

Today, the list of NVPS is constantly expanding and pharmacy shelves regularly receive new generation drugs that can simultaneously lower the temperature, relieve inflammation and pain in a short period of time. Due to the soft and gentle effect, the development of negative consequences as allergic reactions, as well as damage to the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system.

Table. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - indications

property of a medical device	Diseases, pathological condition of the body
Antipyretic	High temperature (above 38 degrees).
Anti-inflammatory	Diseases of the musculoskeletal system - arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis, muscle inflammation (myositis), spondyloarthritis. This also includes myalgia (often appears after a bruise, sprain, or soft tissue injury).
Painkiller	The drugs are used for menstrual and headaches (migraines), are widely used in gynecology, as well as for biliary and renal colic.
Antiplatelet agent	Cardiological and vascular disorders: ischemic disease heart, atherosclerosis, heart failure, angina pectoris. In addition, it is often recommended for the prevention of stroke and heart attack.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have a number of contraindications that must be taken into account. Drugs are not recommended for treatment if the patient:

peptic ulcer and duodenum; kidney disease - limited intake is allowed; blood clotting disorder; the period of gestation and breastfeeding; Previously, pronounced allergic reactions to drugs of this group were observed.

In some cases, the formation of a side effect is possible, as a result of which the composition of the blood changes (a “fluidity” appears) and the walls of the stomach become inflamed.

The development of a negative result is explained by inhibition of the production of prostaglandins not only in the inflamed focus, but also in other tissues and blood cells. In healthy organs, hormone-like substances play important role. For example, prostaglandins protect the lining of the stomach from the aggressive effects of digestive juice on it. Therefore, taking NVPS contributes to the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers. If a person has these diseases, and he still takes "prohibited" drugs, then the course of the pathology can be aggravated up to perforation (breakthrough) of the defect.

Prostaglandins control blood clotting, so a lack of them can lead to bleeding. Diseases for which examinations should be carried out before prescribing a course of NVPS:

violation of hemocoagulation; diseases of the liver, spleen and kidneys; phlebeurysm lower extremities; diseases of the cardiovascular system; autoimmune pathologies.

Also, side effects can be attributed to less dangerous states such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, loose stools, bloating. Sometimes skin manifestations in the form of itching and a small rash are also fixed.

Application on the example of the main drugs of the NSAID group

Consider the most popular and effective medicines.

A drug	Route of administration into the body (form of release) and dosage						Application note
	outdoor		through the gastrointestinal tract		injection
	ointment	gel	pills	candles	Injection in / m	Intravenous administration
Diclofenac (Voltaren)	1-3 times (2-4 grams per affected area) per day		20-25 mg 2-3 times a day	50-100 mg once a day	25-75 mg (2 ml) 2 times a day	-	Tablets should be taken without chewing, 30 minutes before meals, with plenty of water.
Ibuprofen (Nurofen)	Strip 5-10 cm, rub 3 times a day	Strip of gel (4-10 cm) 3 times a day	1 tab. (200 ml) 3-4 times a day	For children from 3 to 24 months. (60 mg) 3-4 times a day	-	2 ml 2-3 times a day	For children, the drug is prescribed if the body weight exceeds 20 kg
Indomethacin	4-5 cm ointment 2-3 times a day	3-4 times a day, (strip - 4-5 cm)	100-125 mg 3 times a day	25-50 mg 2-3 times a day	30 mg - 1 ml of solution 1-2 r. per day	60 mg - 2 ml 1-2 times a day	During pregnancy, indomethacin is used to reduce uterine tone to prevent premature birth.
Ketoprofen	Strip 5 cm 3 times a day	3-5 cm 2-3 times a day	150-200 mg (1 tab.) 2-3 times a day	100-160 mg (1 suppository) 2 times a day	100 mg 1-2 times a day	100-200 mg dissolved in 100-500 ml of saline	Most often, the drug is prescribed for pain of the musculoskeletal system.
Ketorolac	1-2 cm of gel or ointment - 3-4 times a day		10 mg 4 times a day	100 mg (1 suppository) 1-2 times a day	0.3-1 ml every 6 hours	0.3-1 ml bolus 4-6 times a day	Taking the drug may mask signs of an acute infectious disease
Lornoxicam (Xefocam)	-	-	4 mg 2-3 times a day or 8 mg 2 times a day	-	Initial dose - 16 mg, maintenance - 8 mg - 2 times a day		The drug is used for pain syndrome of medium and high degree expressiveness
Meloxicam (Amelotex)	-	4 cm (2 grams) 2-3 times a day	7.5-15 mg 1-2 times a day	0.015 g 1-2 times a day	10-15 mg 1-2 times a day	-	Permissible in renal failure daily dose– 7.5 mg
Piroxicam	2-4 cm 3-4 times a day		10-30 mg 1 time per day	20-40 mg 1-2 times a day	1-2 ml once a day	-	The maximum allowable daily dosage is 40 mg
Celecoxib (Celebrex)	-	-	200 mg 2 times a day	-	-	-	The drug is available only in the form of coated capsules that dissolve in the gastrointestinal tract
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)	-	-	0.5-1 gram, take no more than 4 hours and no more than 3 tablets per day	-	-	-	If there have been allergic reactions to Penicillin in the past, then Aspirin should be prescribed with caution.
Analgin	-	-	250-500 mg (0.5-1 tab.) 2-3 times a day		250 - 500 mg (1-2 ml) 3 times a day		Analgin in some cases may have drug incompatibility, so it is not recommended to mix it in a syringe with other medicines. It is also banned in some countries.

Attention! The tables show dosages for adults and adolescents whose body weight exceeds 50-50 kg. Many drugs for children under 12 years of age are contraindicated. In other cases, the dosage is selected individually, taking into account body weight and age.

In order for the drug to act as soon as possible and not cause harm to health, one should adhere to the well-known rules:

Ointments and gels are applied to the painful area, then rubbed into the skin. Before putting on clothes, it is worth waiting for complete absorption. It is also not recommended to take water procedures for several hours after treatment. Tablets must be taken strictly as directed, not exceeding the daily allowable rate. If the pain or inflammation is too pronounced, then it is worth informing the attending physician about this in order to select another, stronger drug. Capsules should be washed down with plenty of water without removing the protective shell. Rectal suppositories act faster than tablets. Absorption of the active substance occurs through the intestines, so there is no negative and irritating effect on the walls of the stomach. If the drug is prescribed for a baby, then the young patient should be laid on his left side, then gently insert the candle into the anus and tightly clamp the buttocks. Within ten minutes, make sure that the rectal medication does not come out. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are given only by a medical professional! It is necessary to make injections in the manipulation room of a medical institution.

Despite the fact that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are available without a prescription, you should definitely consult your doctor before taking them. The fact is that the action of this group of medicines is not aimed at treating the disease, at relieving pain and discomfort. Thus, the pathology begins to progress and it is much more difficult to stop its development upon detection than it would have been done before.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, NSAIDs) are drugs that have analgesic (analgesic), antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The mechanism of their action is based on the blocking of certain enzymes (COX, cyclooxygenase), they are responsible for the production of prostaglandins - chemical substances that contribute to inflammation, fever, pain.

The word "non-steroidal", which is contained in the name of the group of drugs, emphasizes the fact that the drugs in this group are not synthetic analogues of steroid hormones - powerful hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The most famous representatives of NSAIDs: aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac.

How do NSAIDs work?

If analgesics fight directly with pain, then NSAIDs reduce both the most unpleasant symptoms of the disease: both pain and inflammation. Most of the drugs in this group are non-selective inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase enzyme, inhibiting the action of both of its isoforms (varieties) - COX-1 and COX-2.

Cyclooxygenase is responsible for the production of prostaglandins and thromboxane from arachidonic acid, which in turn is obtained from cell membrane phospholipids by the enzyme phospholipase A2. Prostaglandins, among other functions, are mediators and regulators in the development of inflammation. This mechanism was discovered by John Wayne, who later received Nobel Prize for your discovery.

When are these drugs prescribed?

Typically, NSAIDs are used to treat acute or chronic inflammation accompanied by pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have gained particular popularity for the treatment of joints.

We list the diseases for which these drugs are prescribed:

acute gout; dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain); bone pain caused by metastases; postoperative pain; fever (increased body temperature); intestinal obstruction; renal colic; moderate pain due to inflammation or soft tissue injury; osteochondrosis; lower back pain; headache; migraine; arthrosis; rheumatoid arthritis; pain in Parkinson's disease.

NSAIDs are contraindicated in erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the acute stage, severe violations liver and kidney function, cytopenias, individual intolerance, pregnancy. Should be administered with caution to patients with bronchial asthma, as well as to persons who have previously had adverse reactions when taking any other NSAIDs.

List of Common NSAIDs for Joint Treatment

We list the most well-known and effective NSAIDs that are used to treat joints and other diseases when an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect is needed:

Aspirin; ibuprofen; Naproxen; Indomethacin; Diclofenac; Celecoxib; Ketoprofen; Etodolac. Meloxicam.

Some drugs are weaker, not so aggressive, others are designed for acute arthrosis, when urgent intervention is required to stop dangerous processes in the body.

What is the advantage of new generation NSAIDs

Adverse reactions are noted with long-term use of NSAIDs (for example, in the treatment of osteochondrosis) and consist in damage to the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum with the formation of ulcers and bleeding. This lack of non-selective NSAIDs has led to the development of new generation drugs that block only COX-2 (an inflammatory enzyme) and do not affect the work of COX-1 (protection enzyme).

Thus, new generation drugs are practically devoid of ulcerogenic side effects(lesion of the mucous membrane of organs digestive tract) associated with long-term use of non-selective NSAIDs, but increase the risk of developing thrombotic complications

Of the shortcomings of new generation drugs, only they can be noted high price which makes it inaccessible to many people.

New generation NSAIDs: list and prices

What it is? New generation non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs act much more selectively, they inhibit COX-2 to a greater extent, while COX-1 remains practically untouched. This explains the rather high efficiency of the drug, which is combined with a minimum number of side effects.

List of popular and effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of the new generation:

Movalis. It has an antipyretic, well-marked analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. The main advantage of this remedy is that, with regular medical supervision, it can be taken for a fairly long period of time. Meloxicam is available as a solution for intramuscular injections, in tablets, suppositories and ointments. Meloxicam (Movalis) tablets are very convenient in that they are long-acting, and it is enough to take one tablet during the day. Movalis, which contains 20 tablets of 15 mg, costs 650-850 rubles. Ksefokam. A drug based on Lornoxicam. Its distinguishing feature is the fact that it has a high ability to relieve pain. According to this parameter, it corresponds to morphine, but it is not addictive and does not have an opiate-like effect on the central nervous system. Xefocam, which contains 30 tablets of 4 mg, costs 350-450 rubles. Celecoxib. This drug greatly alleviates the patient's condition with osteochondrosis, arthrosis and other diseases, relieves pain syndrome and effectively fights inflammation. Side effects on the digestive system from celecoxib are minimal or absent at all. Price 400-600 rubles. Nimesulide. It has been used with great success in the treatment of vertebrogenic back pain, arthritis, etc. Removes inflammation, hyperemia, normalizes temperature. The use of nimesulide quickly leads to a reduction in pain and improved mobility. It is also used as an ointment for application to the problem area. Nimesulide, which contains 20 tablets of 100 mg, costs 120-160 rubles.

Therefore, in cases where long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is not required, old-generation drugs are used. However, in some cases this is simply a forced situation, since few can afford a course of treatment with such a drug.

Classification

How are NSAIDs classified and what are they? By chemical origin, these drugs come with acidic and non-acidic derivatives.

Acid NSAIDs:

Oxicams - piroxicam, meloxicam; NSAIDs based on indoacetic acid - indomethacin, etodolac, sulindac; Based on propionic acid - ketoprofen, ibuprofen; Salicipates (based on salicylic acid) - aspirin, diflunisal; Derivatives of phenylacetic acid - diclofenac, aceclofenac; Pyrazolidines (pyrazolonic acid) - analgin, metamizole sodium, phenylbutazone.

Non-acid NSAIDs:

Alcanones; Sulfonamide derivatives.

Also, non-steroidal drugs differ in type and intensity of exposure - analgesic, anti-inflammatory, combined.

Effectiveness of medium doses

According to the strength of the anti-inflammatory effect of medium doses, NSAIDs can be arranged in the following sequence (the strongest ones are at the top):

Indomethacin; Flurbiprofen; diclofenac sodium; Piroxicam; Ketoprofen; Naproxen; ibuprofen; Amidopyrine; Aspirin.

According to the analgesic effect of medium doses, NSAIDs can be arranged in the following sequence:

Ketorolac; Ketoprofen; diclofenac sodium; Indomethacin; Flurbiprofen; Amidopyrine; Piroxicam; Naproxen; ibuprofen; Aspirin.

As a rule, the above medicines are used for acute and chronic diseases accompanied by pain and inflammation. Most often, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to relieve pain and treat joints: arthritis, arthrosis, injuries, etc.

Not infrequently, NSAIDs are used for pain relief for headaches and migraines, dysmenorrhea, postoperative pain, renal colic etc. Due to the inhibitory effect on the synthesis of prostaglandins, these drugs also have an antipyretic effect.

What dosage to choose?

Any new drug for this patient must be prescribed first in lowest dose. With good tolerance after 2-3 days, the daily dose is increased.

Therapeutic doses of NSAIDs are in a wide range, and in recent years there has been a tendency to increase single and daily doses of drugs characterized by the best tolerance (naproxen, ibuprofen), while maintaining restrictions on maximum doses aspirin, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, piroxicam. In some patients healing effect achieved only when using very high doses of NSAIDs.

Side effects

Long-term use of high doses of anti-inflammatory drugs can cause:

Violation of the nervous system - mood changes, disorientation, dizziness, apathy, tinnitus, headache, blurred vision; Changes in the work of the heart and blood vessels - heartbeat, increase blood pressure, swelling. Gastritis, ulcer, perforation, gastrointestinal bleeding, dyspeptic disorders, changes in liver function with an increase in liver enzymes; Allergic reactions - angioedema, erythema, urticaria, bullous dermatitis, bronchial asthma, anaphylactic shock; Renal failure, impaired urination.

Treatment with NSAIDs should be carried out for the shortest possible time and at the lowest effective doses.

Use during pregnancy

It is not recommended to use drugs of the NSAID group during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. Although no direct teratogenic effects have been identified, it is believed that NSAIDs can cause premature closure of the ductus arteriosus (Botalla) and renal complications in the fetus. There are also reports of premature births. Despite this, aspirin in combination with heparin has been successfully used in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome.

According to the latest data from Canadian researchers, the use of NSAIDs before 20 weeks of gestation was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage (miscarriage). According to the results of the study, the risk of miscarriage increased by 2.4 times, regardless of the dose of the drug taken.

Movalis

The leader among non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be called Movalis, which has an extended period of action and is approved for long-term use.

It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, which allows it to be taken in osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis. It is not devoid of analgesic, antipyretic properties, protects cartilage tissue. It is used for toothache, headache.

Determination of dosage, method of administration (tablets, injections, suppositories) depends on the severity, type of disease.

Celecoxib

A specific COX-2 inhibitor with a pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. When used in therapeutic doses, it practically does not have a negative effect on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, since it has a very low degree of affinity for COX-1, therefore, it does not cause a violation of the synthesis of constitutional prostaglandins.

As a rule, celecoxib is taken at a dosage of 100-200 mg per day in 1-2 doses. The maximum daily dose is 400 mg.

Indomethacin

Refers to the most effective means of non-hormonal action. In arthritis, indomethacin relieves pain, reduces swelling of the joints and has a strong anti-inflammatory effect.

The price of the drug, regardless of the form of release (tablets, ointments, gels, rectal suppositories) is quite low, the maximum cost of tablets is 50 rubles per pack. When using the drug, you must be careful, as it has a long list of side effects.

In pharmacology, indomethacin is produced under the names Indovazin, Indovis EU, Metindol, Indotard, Indocollir.

ibuprofen

Ibuprofen combines relative safety and the ability to effectively reduce fever and pain, so preparations based on it are sold without a prescription. As an antipyretic, ibuprofen is also used for newborns. It has been proven to reduce fever better than other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

In addition, ibuprofen is one of the most popular over-the-counter analgesics. As an anti-inflammatory drug, it is not prescribed so often, however, the drug is quite popular in rheumatology: it is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and other joint diseases.

The most popular brand names for ibuprofen include Ibuprom, Nurofen, MIG 200 and MIG 400.

Diclofenac

Perhaps one of the most popular NSAIDs, created back in the 60s. Release form - tablets, capsules, injection, suppositories, gel. In this remedy for the treatment of joints, both high analgesic activity and high anti-inflammatory properties are well combined.

Produced under the names Voltaren, Naklofen, Ortofen, Diklak, Diklonak P, Wurdon, Olfen, Dolex, Dicloberl, Klodifen and others.

Ketoprofen

In addition to the drugs listed above, the group of drugs of the first type, non-selective NSAIDs, i.e. COX-1, includes a drug such as ketoprofen. By the strength of its action, it is close to ibuprofen, and is available in the form of tablets, gel, aerosol, cream, solutions for external use and injection, rectal suppositories (suppositories).

You can buy this tool under the trade names Artrum, Febrofid, Ketonal, OKI, Artrozilen, Fastum, Bystrum, Flamax, Flexen and others.

Aspirin

Acetylsalicylic acid reduces the ability of blood cells to stick together and form blood clots. When taking Aspirin, the blood thins, and the vessels expand, which leads to relief of a person's condition with headaches and intracranial pressure. The action of the drug reduces the energy supply in the focus of inflammation and leads to the attenuation of this process.4

Aspirin is contraindicated for children under 15 years of age, since a complication is possible in the form of an extremely severe Reye's syndrome, in which 80% of patients die. The remaining 20% of surviving babies may be susceptible to epilepsy and mental retardation.

Alternative drugs: chondroprotectors

Quite often, chondroprotectors are prescribed for the treatment of joints. People often do not understand the difference between NSAIDs and chondroprotectors. NSAIDs quickly relieve pain, but at the same time have a lot of side effects. And chondroprotectors protect cartilage tissue, but they need to be taken in courses.

The composition of the most effective chondroprotectors includes 2 substances - glucosamine and chondroitin.

A lot of pathological changes occurring in the body accompany the pain syndrome. To combat such symptoms, NSAIDs, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, have been developed. They perfectly anesthetize, relieve inflammation, reduce swelling. However, the drugs have a large number of side effects. This limits their use in some patients. Modern pharmacology has developed NSAIDs latest generation. Such drugs are much less likely to cause unpleasant reactions, but they remain effective drugs against pain.

Impact principle

What is the effect of NSAIDs on the body? They act on cyclooxygenase. COX has two isoforms. Each of them has its own functions. Such an enzyme (COX) causes a chemical reaction, as a result of which arachidonic acid passes into prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes.

COX-1 is responsible for the production of prostaglandins. They protect the gastric mucosa from unpleasant effects, affect the functioning of platelets, and also affect changes in renal blood flow.

COX-2 is normally absent and is a specific inflammatory enzyme synthesized due to cytotoxins, as well as other mediators.

Such an action of NSAIDs as inhibition of COX-1 carries many side effects.

New developments

It is no secret that the drugs of the first generation of NSAIDs had an adverse effect on the gastric mucosa. Therefore, scientists have set themselves the goal of reducing undesirable effects. A new release form has been developed. In such preparations, the active substance was in special shell. The capsule was made from substances that did not dissolve in the acidic environment of the stomach. They began to break down only when they entered the intestines. This made it possible to reduce irritant effect on the gastric mucosa. However, the unpleasant mechanism of damage to the walls of the digestive tract still remained.

This forced chemists to synthesize completely new substances. From previous drugs, they are fundamentally different mechanism of action. NSAIDs of the new generation are characterized by a selective effect on COX-2, as well as inhibition of prostaglandin production. This allows you to achieve all the necessary effects - analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory. At the same time, NSAIDs of the latest generation make it possible to minimize the effect on blood clotting, platelet function, and the gastric mucosa.

The anti-inflammatory effect is due to a decrease in the permeability of the walls of blood vessels, as well as a decrease in the production of various inflammatory mediators. Due to this effect, irritation of the nerve pain receptors is minimized. The influence on certain centers of thermoregulation located in the brain allows the latest generation of NSAIDs to perfectly lower the overall temperature.

Indications for use

The effects of NSAIDs are widely known. The effect of such drugs is aimed at preventing or reducing the inflammatory process. These drugs give an excellent antipyretic effect. Their effect on the body can be compared with the effect narcotic analgesics. In addition, they provide analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects. The use of NSAIDs is on the rise in clinical setting and in everyday life. Today it is one of the most popular medical drugs.

A positive impact is noted with the following factors:

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system. With various sprains, bruises, arthrosis, these drugs are simply irreplaceable. NSAIDs are used for osteochondrosis, inflammatory arthropathy, arthritis. The medicine has an anti-inflammatory effect in myositis, herniated discs. Severe pain. The drugs are quite successfully used for biliary colic, gynecological ailments. They eliminate headaches, even migraines, kidney discomfort. NSAIDs are successfully used for patients in the postoperative period. High temperature. The antipyretic effect allows the use of drugs for ailments of a diverse nature, both for adults and children. Such drugs are effective even with fever. Thrombus formation. NSAIDs are antiplatelet drugs. This allows them to be used in ischemia. They are a preventive measure against heart attack and stroke.

Classification

About 25 years ago, only 8 groups of NSAIDs were developed. Today, this number has increased to 15. However, even doctors cannot name the exact number. Having appeared on the market, NSAIDs quickly gained wide popularity. Drugs have replaced opioid analgesics. Because they, unlike the latter, did not provoke respiratory depression.

The classification of NSAIDs implies a division into two groups:

Old drugs (first generation). This category includes well-known drugs: Citramon, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Nurofen, Voltaren, Diklak, Diclofenac, Metindol, Movimed, Butadion .New NSAIDs (second generation). Over the past 15-20 years, pharmacology has developed excellent drugs, such as Movalis, Nimesil, Nise, Celebrex, Arcoxia.

However, this is not the only classification of NSAIDs. New generation drugs are divided into non-acid derivatives and acids. Let's look at the last category first:

Salicylates. This group of NSAIDs contains drugs: Aspirin, Diflunisal, Lysine monoacetylsalicylate. Pyrazolidines. Representatives of this category are drugs: Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, Oxyphenbutazone. Oxycams. These are the most innovative NSAIDs of the new generation. List of drugs: Piroxicam, Meloxicam, Lornoxicam, Tenoxicam. Medicines are not cheap, but their effect on the body lasts much longer than other NSAIDs. Phenylacetic acid derivatives. This group of NSAIDs contains funds: Diclofenac, Tolmetin, Indomethacin, Etodolac, Sulindac, Aceclofenac. Anthranilic acid preparations. The main representative is the drug Mefenaminate. Propionic acid products. This category contains many excellent NSAIDs. List of drugs: Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Benoxaprofen, Fenbufen, Fenoprofen, Thiaprofenic acid, Naproxen, Flurbiprofen, Pirprofen, Nabumeton. Isonicotinic acid derivatives. The main medicine "Amizon". Pyrazolone preparations. The well-known remedy "Analgin" belongs to this category.

Non-acid derivatives include sulfonamides. This group includes drugs: Rofecoxib, Celecoxib, Nimesulide.

Side effects

NSAIDs of the new generation, the list of which is given above, have an effective effect on the body. However, they practically do not affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. These drugs are distinguished by another positive point: NSAIDs of the new generation do not have a devastating effect on cartilage tissue.

However, even such effective means can provoke a number of unwanted effects. They should be known, especially if the drug is used for a long time.

The main side effects can be:

dizziness; drowsiness; headache; fatigue; increased heart rate; increased pressure; slight shortness of breath; dry cough; indigestion; the appearance of protein in the urine; increased activity of liver enzymes; skin rash (pinpoint); fluid retention; allergy.

At the same time, damage to the gastric mucosa is not observed when taking new NSAIDs. The drugs do not cause an exacerbation of the ulcer with the occurrence of bleeding.

Phenylacetic acid preparations, salicylates, pyrazolidones, oxicams, alkanones, propionic acid and sulfonamide drugs have the best anti-inflammatory properties.

From joint pain most effectively relieve medications "Indomethacin", "Diclofenac", "Ketoprofen", "Flurbiprofen". This is best NSAIDs with osteochondrosis. The above drugs, with the exception of the drug "Ketoprofen", have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. This category includes the tool "Piroxicam".

Effective analgesics are Ketorolac, Ketoprofen, Indomethacin, Diclofenac.

Movalis has become the leader among the latest generation of NSAIDs. This tool is allowed to be used for a long period. Anti-inflammatory analogs effective medicine are the drugs Movasin, Mirloks, Lem, Artrozan, Melox, Melbek, Mesipol and Amelotex.

The drug "Movalis"

This drug is available in the form of tablets, rectal suppositories and solution for intramuscular injection. The agent belongs to the derivatives of enolic acid. The drug has excellent analgesic and antipyretic properties. It has been established that in almost any inflammatory process this medicine brings a beneficial effect.

Indications for the use of the drug are osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis.

However, you should know that there are contraindications to taking the drug:

hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug; peptic ulcer in the acute stage; severe renal failure; ulcer bleeding; severe liver failure; pregnancy, feeding a child; severe heart failure.

The drug is not taken by children under 12 years of age.

Adult patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis are recommended to use 7.5 mg per day. If necessary, this dose can be increased by 2 times.

With rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, the daily norm is 15 mg.

Patients who are prone to side effects should take the drug with extreme caution. People who have severe renal failure and who are on hemodialysis should take no more than 7.5 mg throughout the day.

The cost of the drug "Movalis" in tablets of 7.5 mg, No. 20, is 502 rubles.

The human body, for all its perfection, is made carelessly. Viruses, microbes, inflammatory diseases try to put a person in a hospital bed for a long time.

From the state of the female reproductive system depends on the health of the future peanut.

Even if the baby is not included in your plans yet, then monitoring the correct functioning of the genital organs is not only useful, but extremely important for any girl.

Not a single woman is immune from inflammatory diseases. Of course, the disease is easier to prevent than to cure. But if you are already ill, then you need to scrupulously follow all the doctor's prescriptions.

Anti-inflammatory drugs - general information

Anti-inflammatory drugs are substances that suppress inflammatory process. From the point of view of biochemistry, these substances prevent the formation or transformation of arachidonic acid.

Classification of anti-inflammatory drugs:

glucocorticosteroids are natural or synthetic hormones adrenal cortex;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
antibiotics and antimycotics.

All anti-inflammatory drugs are available both in injectable forms and in the form of tablets, suppositories.

What is used in gynecology?

Glucocorticosteroids are prescribed only for hormonal disorders. As anti-inflammatory drugs, they are not used in gynecology. For treatment female diseases drugs of the second and third groups are used.

Medicines are prescribed for colpitis of various origins, vaginal dysbacteriosis, inflammatory processes in the uterus, appendages, fallopian tubes.

The form of administration and dosage is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician based on the diagnosis and history of the patient. Do not self-medicate!

Anti-inflammatory suppositories

Suppositories are the most common type of drug administration in gynecology.

Consider the most popular drugs, we take the main active ingredient as the basis for the classification.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics:

hexicon;
betadine;
polygynax;
mycogynax;
terzhinan.

Candles with metronidazole:

ginalgin;
terzhinan;
metronidazole;
klion-d.

Antimycotics - antifungal drugs:

candida;
pimafucin;
clotrimazole;
nystatin.

Antifungal agents are usually prescribed simultaneously in the form of suppositories and tablets. Currently, in gynecology, they are trying to use multicomponent anti-inflammatory drugs. This increases the effectiveness of the treatment.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Any gynecological diseases may be accompanied by pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for pain relief.

This group medicinal substances blocks the synthesis of prostaglandins, normalizes capillary permeability and the blood circulation process in general.

In addition, all drugs in this group reduce body temperature, eliminate pain, relieve swelling. Anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for endometriosis, adhesions, urogenital infections.

Medicines of the NSAID group are also used in everyday gynecological practice. They are used for pain relief during the installation of intrauterine contraceptives, endometrial biopsy, medical procedures on the cervix.

What doctors prescribe to patients:

Preparations of phenylacetic acid - various diclofenac sodium, potassium in different forms;
Derivatives of propionic acids - nurofen, naproxen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen;
Indomethacin is a drug based on indolacetic acid;
Coxibs - celecoxib, roferocoxib, denebol;
Enolic acid preparations - meloxicam, rheumoxicam, movalis.

In pharmacies, NSAIDs are presented in various forms - tablets, suppositories, injections.

Medicines of this group have a lot of contraindications and side effects. Main side effect counts aggressive impact on the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines. If a woman has a history of an ulcer or other erosive processes in the gastrointestinal tract, these substances should be prescribed with great care.

Antibiotics in gynecology

Antibiotics are substances derived from fungi mold and bacteria. They are able to suppress other microorganisms.

Each type of antibiotic has a specific antimicrobial spectrum of action. Although at present, doctors prefer broad-spectrum drugs. But in some cases, a narrowly targeted antibiotic may be required.

It should be understood that not every antibacterial drug is an antibiotic.

In gynecology, the means of this group treat inflammatory processes, erosion, colpitis of various etiologies, they are prescribed after surgery.

The main drugs in this group:

Penicillin - is indicated in the treatment of endometritis, inflammation of the appendages, perimetritis, parametritis, cervicitis, bartholinitis, gonorrhea. Medicines penicillin series do not act on tubercle bacillus. Penicillin is a toxic drug, so it should be used only as directed by a doctor.
Streptomycin - used if penicillin treatment fails. The drug is used to treat tuberculosis of the uterus, is prescribed for cystitis in pregnant women.
Biomycin - prescribed for the treatment of gonorrhea.
II-IV generation cephalosporins are broad-spectrum antibiotics. Shown in the treatment of many diseases, including gynecological.

Important! All antibiotics have a lot of side effects. Therefore, self-medication is unacceptable!

Anti-Inflammatory Herbs

Herbal medicines are often included in complex treatment various diseases. Decoctions, herbal extracts are also used in gynecology.

The most commonly used chamomile, oak bark, sage, calendula. It is important to understand that herbs are medicines. They have indications, contraindications and side effects.

Many gynecological diseases are not treated with herbs. Therefore, you should not self-medicate, even with the help of herbs. First you need to contact a gynecologist, undergo an examination, take tests, and only after that the doctor can determine the course of treatment.

Conclusions on anti-inflammatory therapy

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for various pathologies, they relieve pain, fever and inflammation in the tissues. Most orthopedic problems can not do without this group of drugs, as patients are concerned about fairly severe pain that disrupts the quality of life.

NSAIDs should be prescribed by a doctor, taking into account indications and contraindications specific means, especially if there is a need to take the remedy for a long time. Despite their effectiveness, such drugs have severe side effects, the risk of which increases with long-term use of the drug.

Assortment of funds

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs perfectly remove pain syndromes, reduce high temperature and inhibit the inflammatory process in body tissues. This effect is provided due to the inhibition of enzymes that provoke the production of prostaglandins.

Prostaglandins are substances that are responsible for inflammatory processes in the body, in addition, they make a person more sensitive to pain. Thus, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs dull pain and stop the development of the inflammatory process, this is a big plus of the drug, compared with analgesics, which only relieve pain.

Classification

A couple of decades ago, only 7 groups of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were known, in our time there are already more than 15. NSAIDs are quite popular due to their complex action and good effect, thus they forced opioid analgesics, which depress respiratory function, from the market.

There are two classifications of such drugs. They are divided into new and old, as well as acidic and non-acidic. Old drugs include Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Voltaren, Nurofen and others. New generation NSAIDs are Nimesulide and others.

Depending on whether NSAIDs are acids, they are divided into the following types:

Preparations based on phenylacetic acid. This acid is used in perfumery because it smells like honey. Also, this substance is part of amphetamine and is under control in the Russian Federation.
Products made with anthranilic acid. This acid is used to make dyes and flavors.
Pyrazolone preparations.
Preparations made using isonicotinic acid.
Derivatives of propionic acid.
Salicylates.
Oxycams.
Pyrazolidins.

New generation

It's no secret that older NSAIDs have a large number of side effects, while they do not have a strong enough anti-inflammatory effect. Conventionally, this can be explained in such a way that the drugs inhibit 2 types of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, the first is responsible for protecting the body, and the second for the inflammatory process.

Thus, with long-term use of NSAIDs of the old generation, patients experienced disturbances in the stomach, as its protective layer was destroyed. As a result, ulcers and other problems with the gastrointestinal tract appeared.

As it turned out, it is quite possible to reduce side effects, and at the same time increase the effectiveness of the drug, if we develop a drug that will suppress COX-2, practically without affecting COX-1 enzymes. In recent years, new generation NSAIDs have been developed that do just that. Below is a look at the most popular new tools.

It is one of the most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of the new generation. It is produced in Germany and Spain, and is produced in the form of tablets, ointments, injections and suppositories. Movalis is a very good pain reliever, relieves fever and inflammation, while it has a small number of contraindications.

It is taken for inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the joints, in particular for various arthritis and arthrosis, for gout attacks, for Bechterew's disease, for severe pain in the joints. A big plus of this remedy is the ability to take it for a long time under the supervision of a doctor, which is just necessary for severe articular pathologies.

Movalis is very convenient to use, you need to drink only one tablet a day, since the drug acts for a long time. The cost of a package with 20 tablets of the product is approximately 600 rubles.

Nimesulide

Another popular new generation remedy is Nimesulide. It is actively used in various diseases, in particular in pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. The big plus of this remedy is that it not only relieves inflammation, fever and pain, but also neutralizes enzymes that destroy cartilage tissue.

Nimesulide tablets are not expensive, for 20 pieces you will have to pay no more than 40 rubles. There are also analogues, for example Nise. This tool can be purchased in the form of tablets, gel for external use, powder for suspension. For 20 pcs of Nise tablets and 20 grams of gel, you will have to pay about 200 rubles.

Xefocam

This drug is especially effective for severe pain, it is often prescribed for unspecified pain, as well as for joint pain, for example, with gout, with rheumatoid arthritis, with severe stages of arthrosis and arthritis, with ankylosing spondylitis.

Interestingly, Ksefokam is equated in action with Morphine, but at the same time it does not affect the central nervous system, and is not addictive. The drug has side effects, so before use, you need to consult a specialist who can calculate the minimum dosage, depending on the severity of the disease.

Ksefokam is produced in the form of tablets and solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration. The cost of tablets ranges from 300 to 500 rubles, depending on the required dosage, and 5 ampoules for injection will cost around 700 rubles.

Rofecoxib

This drug relieves pain, swelling, inflammation. It is used mainly for orthopedic pathologies, in particular for osteochondrosis, arthritis, arthrosis, and also for toothaches. Such a remedy is sold under the name Denebol in the form of ointments and tablets.

Celecoxib

This drug is very effective for severe pain, while it does not have a negative effect on the gastric mucosa, which is a big plus of the drug. It is produced in the form of capsules of 100 and 200 mg. The cost of 10 capsules is 250 rubles.

Indications

NSAIDs are used for various inflammatory diseases, with fever, pain of various etiologies. These drugs have an excellent antipyretic effect, while the effect lasts quite a long time, which makes it convenient to use NSAIDs in children. New generation drugs are indicated in the following cases:

Arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout;
ankylosing spondylitis;
Pain in various diseases of the bones and joints;
Osteochondrosis;
Soft tissue inflammation, synovitis, bursitis;
Toothache;
Pain after surgery;
Fever.

Contraindications

New generation funds have the following contraindications:

Intolerance to the components of the drug;
Gastric ulcers in the acute stage;
Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
Reaction to acetylsalicylic acid (in particular rash, bronchospasm);
Severe pathology of the heart;
Severe kidney pathology;
Severe liver pathology;
Violation of blood clotting;
Old age with prolonged use;
Alcoholism;
Pregnancy and lactation;
Children's age up to 12 years.

During the period of treatment, it is not recommended to drink alcohol and smoke, and it is also necessary to treat with caution if the patient is taking anticoagulants, glucocorticosteroids, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antiplatelet agents.

Side effects

New generation non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed specifically to reduce the effect of their administration on the gastrointestinal mucosa. Therefore, these funds do not have a devastating effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and on hyaline cartilage too. But still, with prolonged use, some side effects may occur:

Allergic reactions to the components of the drug;
Fluid retention in the body, edema;
The appearance of protein in the urine;
Increased activity of liver enzymes;
digestive problems;
Headaches;
General weakness and drowsiness;
dizziness;
Increased blood pressure;
Fast fatiguability;
The occurrence of dry cough;
Dyspnea.

To avoid the occurrence of side effects, it is necessary to consult a doctor before taking the remedy, and study the instructions for the drug. It is very important to use the remedy correctly, do not exceed the dosage, then the risk of side effects will be minimal.

What to replace

There are situations when the pain is taken by surprise, and there is no drug prescribed by the doctor at hand. In this case, you can temporarily replace its reception with the help of various folk remedies: rubbing, ointments, compresses. But you should not abuse such methods and neglect the main treatment, you can provoke a deterioration in the condition.

To remove the body temperature above 38.5 degrees, rubbing is done. For this patient, you need to undress, while eliminating drafts in the room. The body should be wiped with warm water and left to dry on the skin on its own, so the body cools faster. Adults can be wiped at high temperatures with vodka diluted with water or a little vinegar added to the water. Children are wiped with water only.

You can relieve pain in articular pathologies with the help of rubbing from iodine, analgin and vodka. To do this, 8 tablets of analgin need to be ground into powder, pour 50 ml of alcohol and 50 ml of iodine, mix everything well. Rub the resulting slurry into the affected joint twice a day.

And comfrey.

About funds (video)

Content

It is difficult to find a person who does not have a toothache, does not have a fever, and how many patients suffer from diseases of the joints, pain in the spine ... In such cases, doctors prescribe anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs. Medicines of this group reduce pain, lower the temperature, relieve inflammation. They are used in many areas of medicine: therapy, orthopedics, gynecology. Among them are familiar to all "Analgin" and "Aspirin". Let's look at what non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are and how they affect the body.

Mechanism of action of NSAIDs

Anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs (NSAIDs) are used in the treatment of: colds, spinal hernia, arthritis and arthrosis. The mechanism of action is based on the fact that their constituent components:

inhibit any inflammatory processes;
reduce puffiness;
reduce pain in any disease;
are antipyretic;
thin the blood.

It should be noted that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have many contraindications. They strongly irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum, causing bleeding, ulcers. In addition, they help thin the blood. Therefore, they are not recommended to take:

with diseases of the stomach, duodenum;
in case of poor blood clotting;
during pregnancy;
with allergies to the components of the drug.
during an exacerbation of hypertension;
with diseases of the kidneys, liver.

Classification of drugs

When introduced to anti-inflammatory steroid drugs(NSAIDs) important to know:

In terms of strength of anesthesia, they are similar to drugs but are not addictive.
They have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, but are not hormonal (steroid) drugs and do not lead to diseases associated with their use.
According to the effect on the body, they are divided into two groups: selective, non-selective. Both are widely used in medicine, but require the use strictly prescribed by a doctor.

selective

Selective NSAIDs differ in that they have a local selective effect on the inflamed area. They do not irritate and do not destroy the mucous membrane of the stomach, intestines, they are produced in different forms. These drugs include:

"Nise". Tablets, ampoules, gel. Used for inflammation of the ligaments, after operations in gynecology, with toothache in dentistry.
Movalis. Injections, tablets, suppositories for the treatment of arthritis, osteochondrosis.
"Celecoxib". Capsules for inflammation of the joints, bones.
"Paracetamol". Tablets, as an antipyretic for colds, fever.

Non-selective

The peculiarity of non-selective NSAIDs is that they inhibit inflammatory processes, while affecting the gastric and duodenal mucosa. They are among the most powerful drugs in the treatment of osteochondrosis, arthritis, their dosage and use must be agreed with the doctor. Among these drugs:

"Diclofenac" in the form of tablets, ointments, injections.
"Ibuprofen". Recommended for use by pregnant women.
"Indomethacin". It works effectively, but affects the gastric mucosa.
"Ketoprofen". Several times stronger than ibuprofen, has contraindications.

Main Effects

What are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs? These are medical drugs that greatly facilitate the life of a patient with diseases of the joints and spine. Help with colds, fever, lowering the temperature. They improve the condition after operations, change the quality of life in arthritis, arthrosis. The action is based on the fact that the substances in their composition have a pronounced analgesic effect. Most importantly, NSAIDs actively inhibit inflammatory processes anywhere in the body. In addition, they are antipyretic and blood thinners.

anti-inflammatory

The use of anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs has become widespread in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Here osteochondrosis, arthritis, arthrosis, inflammation of connective tissues, radiculitis. In the acute form, treatment begins with injections, then tablets are prescribed, and anti-inflammatory ointments and gels are used externally. Assign "Diclofenac" ( tradename Voltaren, Ortofen), Viprosal, Bystrumgel. The main point in the use of funds is the presence of a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

Antipyretic

Who has not taken Aspirin at elevated temperature? Together with Ibuprofen, Nise, Paracetamol, this is a group of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs with an antipyretic effect. They have proven themselves in the treatment of colds, fevers. Gives good results to reduce the temperature of "Diclofenac", "Ketanov", "Analgin". In case of influenza, they are prescribed together with the antiviral drug Aziltomirin. To alleviate the patient's condition, they are often taken in the form of tablets or suppositories.

Anesthetic

Severe back pain, migraine, neuralgia, often do not give the patient rest day or night. Difficulty sleeping when teeth hurt or an acute attack of gout occurs. Renal colic, conditions after surgery, lumbago, sciatica, trauma - all require the use of NSAIDs for pain relief. They are used in the form of injections, tablets and ointments. Excellent performance in drugs such as "Nise", "Naproxen", "Ketonal", "Ketanov". They help with headache, toothache, joint pain.

Indications for use

Groups of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended for all kinds of diseases. It is difficult to imagine a field of medicine where they are not used. It is important not to self-medicate, but to use them only as directed by a doctor. In this case, you must follow the rules for admission:

read the instructions;
Take tablets, capsules with plenty of water.
exclude the use of alcohol, carbonated drinks;
do not lie down after taking the capsule for better passage;
do not take several NSAIDs at the same time.

Orthopedists, traumatologists use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs along with chondroprotectors to treat joints. They relieve swelling, reduce inflammation, relieve pain, allow you to move, improve the quality of life. First, injections are prescribed, then tablets and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ointments. "Indomethacin", "Flexen", "Nimesulide" showed themselves well in the treatment of:

osteochondrosis;
arthritis, arthrosis;
coxarthrosis hip joints;
hernia of the spine;
radiculitis;
gout.

In gynecology, these drugs are used to reduce monthly menstrual pain, alleviate the condition after surgery, and reduce fever in case of complications. In obstetrics, the use of a drug such as "Indomethacin" helps to relax the muscles of the uterus. Drugs are used as painkillers in procedures for removing the intrauterine device, endometrial biopsy. They help with diseases of the uterus, genital organs. It is important to remember that their use poses a danger to the intestines, causing ulcers, bleeding, and do not self-medicate.

Prescribe drugs for colds with fever, neuralgia, dental inflammation, pain. Sports injuries, renal colic - all are indications for the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Due to the property of NSAIDs to thin the blood, they are used to prevent heart attacks, strokes, as antithrombotic drugs that reduce the likelihood of blockage of blood vessels. In ophthalmology, drugs are used for inflammation choroid eyes, and as an anti-allergic for conjunctivitis.

For adults

Adult patients should not self-medicate. It is necessary to undergo an examination so that the doctor makes an accurate diagnosis and prescribes the necessary funds. It is important to take into account the age of the patient, allergic reactions to drugs. Many drugs have a huge number of contraindications for diseases. Pregnant women and the elderly should be wary of the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Do not take multiple medications at the same time. Only a doctor will prescribe the right remedy and give a diagram of its application.

When treating adults with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it must be taken into account that each of the drugs has its own duration of action. Depending on your disease, condition, you will be prescribed the use of medicines three times a day or one. There are 3 duration groups:

A short. It lasts from two to eight hours. Preparations: "Ibuprofen", "Voltaren", "Ortofen".
The average. Valid from ten to twenty hours. Medications: Naproxen, Sulindak.
Long. Duration of the day. The drug "Celecoxib".

For kids

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be used with caution in children. Many drugs have unequivocal strict contraindications. Some drugs are age-restricted. For example, Aspirin is not prescribed until the age of 16. Ibuprofen and Paracetamol are considered completely safe for a child. Pediatricians prescribe them even to infants from 3 months. Apply at a time when children have a cold, fever, teething. Insofar as little child it is difficult to drink the medicine, it is prescribed in the form of candles.

List of new generation non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

NSAIDs are not recommended for long-term use due to numerous side effects. Modern pharmacology has developed a group of drugs that are safe when taken continuously. NSAIDs of the new generation do not cause complications, do not have dangerous contraindications. They act gently and selectively. These drugs include:

"Nimesulide". Reduces fever, treats back pain.
"Celecoxib". Helps with osteochondrosis, arthrosis.
Movalis. Assign against inflammation, with pain in the spine, joints.
"Xephocam". Strong pain reliever, non-addictive.

The peculiarity of the action of new generation non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is that they do not irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa, do not cause bleeding, ulcers. They act only on the inflamed, sore spot. In addition, they do not destroy cartilage tissue. These funds are used for outpatient treatment, in a hospital setting. Side effects include:

dizziness;
drowsiness;
increase in pressure;
shortness of breath
fatigue;
indigestion;
allergy.

Side effects

Anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs are used in many areas of medicine, but you need to be very careful about their use. This should be done only on the recommendation of the doctor who examined you, because there are side effects:

The occurrence of ulcers and bleeding in the stomach, duodenum.
Impaired kidney function.
Problems with blood clotting.
Allergic reactions.
The appearance of tissue necrosis during injections.
Liver damage.
Hearing and vision problems.
Dizziness, fainting.
Destruction of intra-articular cartilage.

Video about diseases in which NSAIDs are used

Watch the video and you will learn how to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. You will clearly see how they act on the inflamed area. You will learn how to avoid severe complications from the use of these drugs. Why it is strictly forbidden to drink them with carbonated drinks, and what food should be excluded from the diet during treatment.

Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment, based on individual features specific patient.

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Classmates

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, NSAIDs) are medical preparations new generation, which have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic (analgesic) effect. Their mechanism of action is based on the blocking of certain enzymes (cyclooxygenase, COX), which are responsible for the formation of prostaglandins - chemicals that contribute to pain, fever, inflammation.

The word "non-steroidal", which is in the name of these drugs, indicates the fact that the drugs in this group are not artificial analogues of steroid hormones - the most powerful anti-inflammatory hormonal agents. The most popular representatives of NSAIDs are diclofenac, ibuprofen.

How NSAIDs work

If analgesics are designed to fight pain, then NSAIDs reduce two unpleasant symptoms of the disease: inflammation and pain. Many drugs in this group are considered non-selective inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase enzyme, which inhibit the effects of both of its isoforms (species) - COX-1 and COX-2.

Cyclooxygenase is responsible for the formation of thromboxane and prostaglandins from arachidonic acid, which, in turn, is obtained from cell membrane phospholipids using the enzyme phospholipase A2. Among other functions, prostaglandins are regulators and mediators in the formation of inflammation.

When are NSAIDs used?

Often NSAID drugs use for the treatment of chronic or acute inflammation that are accompanied by pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have gained great popularity due to effective treatment joints.

We list the diseases for which these medicines are prescribed:

dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation);
acute gout;
postoperative pain;
bone pain due to metastasis;
intestinal obstruction;
fever ( heat body);
minor pain due to trauma or inflammation of the soft tissues;
renal colic;
lower back pain;
Parkinson's disease;
osteochondrosis;
migraine;
pain in the head;
rheumatoid arthritis;
arthrosis.

NSAIDs should not be used during erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, especially at the stage of exacerbation, cytopenias, severe disorders of the kidneys and liver, pregnancy, individual intolerance. Must be administered with caution to patients with asthma, as well as to people who have previously had adverse reactions while taking any other NSAIDs.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a list of NSAIDs for the treatment of joints

Consider the most effective and well-known NSAIDs that are used to treat joints and other diseases when required. antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect:

ibuprofen;
Indomethacin;
Meloxicam;
Naproxen;
Celecoxib;
Diclofenac;
Etodolac;
Ketoprofen.

Some medical drugs are weaker, not so aggressive, some are designed for acute arthrosis, if emergency intervention is needed in order to stop dangerous processes in the body.

The main advantage of NSAIDs of a new generation

Side effects are noted during prolonged use of NSAIDs (for example, during the treatment of osteochondrosis) and consist in damage to the intestinal mucosa and stomach with bleeding and ulceration. This disadvantage of non-selective NSAIDs was the reason for the creation of new generation drugs that block only COX-2 (an inflammatory enzyme) and do not affect the function of COX-1 (protection enzyme).

That is, new generation drugs have almost no side ulcerogenic effects (damage to the mucous membranes of organs digestive system) associated with prolonged use of non-selective NSAIDs, but increase the chance of thrombotic complications.

Of the minuses of new generation drugs, only their high cost can be distinguished, which makes them inaccessible to most people.

What are new generation NSAIDs?

Anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs of the new generation act much more selectively, they more inhibit COX-2, with COX-1 remaining almost unaffected. This can explain quite high efficiency drug in combination with a minimum of side effects.

List of effective and popular anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs new generation:

Ksefokam. A drug that is based on Lornoxicam. Its characteristic feature is the fact that the drug has an increased ability to relieve pain. According to this indicator, it is similar to morphine, but at the same time it does not create addiction and does not have an opiate-like effect on the central nervous system.
Movalis. It has antipyretic, well-pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. The main advantage of this drug is that with the constant supervision of a doctor, it can be used for quite a long time. Meloxicam is made in the form of a solution for intramuscular injections, in ointments, suppositories and tablets. The tablets of the drug are quite convenient in that they have a lasting effect, and it is enough to use one tablet throughout the day.
Nimesulide. It has been successfully used to treat arthritis, vertebrogenic back pain, etc. Normalizes temperature, relieves hyperemia and inflammation. Taking the drug quickly leads to improved mobility and reduced pain. It is also used in the form of an ointment for application to the problem area.
Celecoxib. This drug significantly alleviates the patient's condition with arthrosis, osteochondrosis and other diseases, effectively fights inflammation and perfectly relieves pain. Side effects on the digestive system from the drug is minimal or completely absent.

In cases where long-term use of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs is not needed, then older generation drugs are used. However, sometimes this is simply a necessary measure, since not all people can afford the course of treatment with these drugs.

By chemical origin, these drugs come with non-acid and acid derivatives.

Acid preparations:

Preparations based on indoacetic acid - sulindac, etodolac, indomethacin;
Oxicams - meloxicam, piroxicam;
Salicipates - diflunisal, aspirin;
Based on propionic acid - ibuprofen, ketoprofen;
Pyrazolidines - phenylbutazone, metamizole sodium, analgin;
Preparations from phenylacetic acid - aceclofenac, diclofenac.

Non-acid drugs:

Sulfonamide derivatives;
Alcanones.

At the same time, nonsteroidal drugs differ in intensity and type of action - anti-inflammatory, analgesic, combined.

The strength of the anti-inflammatory effect medium doses, the drugs are arranged in the following sequence (top of the most powerful):

Flurbiprofen;
Indomethacin;
Piroxicam;
diclofenac sodium;
Naproxen;
Ketoprofen;
Aspirin;
Amidopyrine;
Ibuprofen.

By analgesic effect drugs are listed in the following order:

Ketoprofen;
Ketorolac;
Indomethacin;
diclofenac sodium;
Amidopyrine;
Flurbiprofen;
Naproxen;
Piroxicam;
Aspirin;
Ibuprofen.

The most commonly used NSAIDs listed above are in chronic and acute diseases accompanied by inflammation and pain. As a rule, anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs are used to treat joints and relieve pain: injuries, arthrosis, arthritis, etc.

Often, NSAIDs are used for pain relief for migraines and headaches, renal colic, postoperative pain, dysmenorrhea, etc. Due to the inhibitory effect on the synthesis of prostaglandins, these drugs also have an antipyretic effect.

Any new drug for the patient should be prescribed at the beginning in the minimum dose. With normal tolerance after a few days increase the daily dose.

Therapeutic dosages of NSAIDs are in a wide range, while in recent times there has been a tendency to increase single and daily doses of drugs with excellent tolerance (ibuprofen, naproxen), while maintaining restrictions on the maximum dosage of indomethacin, aspirin, piroxicam, phenylbutazone. In some patients, the therapeutic effect is achieved only when using high doses of NSAIDs.

Prolonged use of anti-inflammatory drugs in high doses can cause:

Changes in the functioning of blood vessels and the heart - swelling, increased pressure, palpitations;
urinary incontinence, renal failure;
Violation of the central nervous system - disorientation, mood changes, apathy, dizziness, blurred vision, headache, tinnitus;
Allergic reactions - urticaria, angioedema, erythema, anaphylactic shock, bronchial asthma, bullous dermatitis;
Ulcer, gastritis, gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, changes in liver function, dyspeptic disorders.

NSAIDs should be treated for minimum possible time and minimum doses.

Use in pregnancy

It is undesirable to use drugs of the NSAID group during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. Although there are no direct teratogenic effects, it is believed that NSAIDs can cause renal complications in the fetus and premature closure of the ductus arteriosus. There is also information about premature birth. Despite this, aspirin in combination with heparin has been successfully used in women with antiphospholipid syndrome.

Description of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Movalis

Is the leader among non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which has a long time of action and is approved for long-term use.

It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, which makes it possible to use it in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis. Protects cartilaginous tissue, is not devoid of antipyretic and analgesic properties. Used for headache and toothache.

Determination of doses, administration options (suppositories, injections, tablets) depends on the type and severity of the disease.

COX-2 inhibitor, which has a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory action. When used in therapeutic doses, it almost does not have a negative effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa, since it has a rather low degree of affinity for COX-1, and therefore does not cause a violation of the synthesis of constitutional prostaglandins.

It is one of the most effective non-hormonal drugs. In arthritis, it reduces swelling of the joints, relieves pain and has a strong anti-inflammatory effect. When using a medical product, you need to be careful, because it has a large list of side effects. In pharmacology, the drug is manufactured under the names Indovis EU, Indovazin, Indocollir, Indotard, Metindol.

It combines the ability to effectively reduce pain and temperature, relative safety, because medicines based on it can be bought without a prescription. Ibuprofen is used as an antipyretic drug, including and for newborns.

As an anti-inflammatory drug, it is not used so often, but the drug is very popular in rheumatology: it is used to treat osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other joint diseases.

The most popular names include Nurofen, Ibuprom, MIG 400 and 200.

Form of production - capsules, tablets, gel, suppositories, injection solution. AT this preparation for the treatment of joints, both a high anti-inflammatory effect and high analgesic activity are perfectly combined.

It is manufactured under the names Naklofen, Voltaren, Diklak, Ortofen, Vurdon, Diklonak P, Dolex, Olfen, Klodifen, Dicloberl, etc.

Chondroprotectors - alternative drugs

Very common for joint treatment use chondroprotectors. People often do not understand the difference between chondroprotectors and NSAIDs. The latter are quickly removed. pain but at the same time have many side effects. And chondroprotectors protect cartilage tissue, but they must be used in courses. The composition of the most effective chondroprotectors are two substances - chondroitin and glucosamine.

Anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs are excellent helpers during the treatment of many diseases. But we must not forget that they only remove the negatively affecting symptoms on well-being, the treatment of diseases directly is carried out by other methods and drugs.

Medicines of this group are widely used all over the world. Their popularity is ensured by good efficiency against the background of sufficient safety and low toxicity.

Soreness, inflammation and fever are common pathological conditions that accompany many diseases. If we consider the pathological course at the molecular level, we can see that the body "forces" the affected tissues to produce biologically active substances - prostaglandins, which, acting on the vessels and nerve fibers, cause local swelling, redness and pain.

A group of enzymes called cyclooxygenases (COX) are responsible for starting the mechanism for the appearance of these prostaglandins. The main effect of non-steroidal drugs is to block these enzymes, which in turn leads to inhibition of the production of prostaglandins, which increase the sensitivity of nociceptive receptors responsible for pain. Consequently, painful sensations that bring suffering to a person, unpleasant sensations, are stopped.

Types behind the mechanism of action

non-selective inhibitors (blockers) of COX-1 and COX-2- act immediately on both types of enzymes. These drugs block COX-1 enzymes, which, unlike COX-2, are constantly present in our body, performing various important functions. Therefore, exposure to them can be accompanied by various side effects, and a particular negative effect is on the gastrointestinal tract. This includes most classic NSAIDs.
selective COX-2 inhibitors. This group affects only enzymes that appear in the presence of certain pathological processes, such as inflammation. Taking such drugs is considered safer and preferable. They do not affect the gastrointestinal tract so negatively, but at the same time, the load on the cardiovascular system is greater (they can increase pressure).
selective NSAID COX-1 inhibitors. This group is small, since almost all drugs that affect COX-1 affect COX-2 to varying degrees. An example is acetylsalicylic acid in a small dosage.

Major non-selective NSAIDs

acetylsalicylic (aspirin, diflunisal, salasat);
arylpropionic acid (ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, thiaprofenic acid);
arylacetic acid (diclofenac, fenclofenac, fentiazac);
heteroarylacetic (ketorolac, amtolmetin);
indole/indene of acetic acid (indomethacin, sulindac);
anthranilic (flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid);
enolic, in particular oxicam (piroxicam, tenoxicam, meloxicam, lornoxicam);
methanesulfonic (analgin).

Selective COX-2 inhibitors

rofecoxib (Denebol, Vioxx discontinued in 2007)
Lumiracoxib (Prexige)
parecoxib (Dynastat)
etoricoxib (Arcosia)
celecoxib (Celebrex).

Main indications, contraindications and side effects

Today, the list of NVPS is constantly expanding and pharmacy shelves regularly receive new generation drugs that can simultaneously lower the temperature, relieve inflammation and pain in a short period of time. Due to the mild and gentle effect, the development of negative consequences in the form of allergic reactions, as well as damage to the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system, is minimized.

Table. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - indications

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are considered the most used at this time.

This can be explained by their actions:

Anti-inflammatory;
Antipyretic;
Analgesic.

Suitable for symptomatic treatment, since most diseases are accompanied by precisely the listed manifestations. Over the past few years, new drugs in this direction have appeared, and most of them have efficacy, prolonged action, and good tolerability.

What it is?

NSAIDs are drugs for symptomatic therapy. Many of the drugs sold in pharmacies without a prescription.

Order 30 million people on Earth use daily the medicines we describe 45% applying is over 62 years of age, 15% patients in the hospital receive such drugs as a means of treatment. These drugs are popular due to their actions described above.

Now we will look at them in more detail.

The effect of these drugs

The main one is the inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins (PG) from arachidonic acid by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (PG synthetase).

PGs have the following focus:

Local expansion of blood vessels, due to which there is a decrease in edema, exudation, and the speedy healing of damage.
Reduce pain.
Contribute to lowering heat, due to the action on the hypothalamic centers of regulation.
Anti-inflammatory action.

Indication for use

Medicines of this group, as a rule, prescribed for acute and chronic pathologies, in the clinic of which there is pain and inflammation.

Most often, drugs in this group are prescribed for:

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammation of the joints.
Osteoarthritis is a non-inflammatory chronic joint disease of unknown etiology.
Inflammatory arthropathy: ankylosing spondylitis; psoriatic arthritis; Reiter's syndrome.
Gout is the deposition of urate in body tissues.
Dysmenorrhea - menstrual pain.
Bone cancer with pain.
Migraine pains. B
Pain observed after surgery.
Slight pain with injuries and inflammation.
Heat.
Pain syndrome in diseases of the urinary system.

Release form

NSAIDs are produced in the following forms:

So you can choose to your taste, some forms are suitable for treating children.

Classification of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

There are several classifications of the described group.

By chemical structure:

Salicylic acid derivatives- Aspirin.
Pyrazolone derivatives- Analgin.
Anthranilic acid derivatives- Sodium mefenaminate.
Propionic acid derivatives- representative of the group - Ibuprofen. Read more here: ibuprofen instructions for use.
Acetic acid derivatives- in this group Diclofenac-sodium. Read more about the article Diclofenac instructions for use.
Oxycam derivatives– representatives of Piroxicam and Meloxicam.
Derivatives of isonicotinic acid- this includes Amizon.
Derivatives of coxibs- in this group Celecoxib, Rofecoxib.
Derivatives of others chemical groups - Mesulides, Etodolac.
Combined drugs- Reopirin, Diclocaine.

All drugs in this group are divided into 2 types:

Type 1 cyclooxygenase inhibitors;
Type 2 cyclooxygenase inhibitors.

List of first generation drugs

List of second generation drugs

Movalis.
Nise.
Nimesil.
Arcoxia.
Celebrex.

The answer to the question: nise or nimesil - which is better? - read here.

List of the most effective NSAIDs

Now we will present you a list of the most effective NSAIDs:

Nimesulide. Very effective in relation to pain in the spine, back muscles, arthritis, etc. Removes inflammation, hyperemia, reduces temperature. The use of this drug reduces pain and normalizes mobility in the joints. Available in the form of ointment and tablets. Skin reactions are not considered a contraindication. It is undesirable to use during pregnancy, especially in the last trimester. Nimesulide tablets 100 mg 20 pieces cost from 87 to 152 rubles.
Celecoxib. It is used for osteochondrosis, arthrosis, etc. diseases. Great for relieving pain and inflammation. Side effects on digestion are minimal or non-existent. The price of Celecoxib tablets varies between 500-800 rubles and depends on the number of capsules in the package. Read more about doctors who treat osteoarthritis here.
Meloxicam. Another name is Movalis. It relieves fever very well, anesthetizes, relieves inflammation. It is very important that, under the supervision of a doctor, you can take it for a long time. Forms of the drug: ampoules for intramuscular injections, dragees, suppositories, ointment. The tablets work for 24 hours, so one per day is enough. Meloxicam ampoules 15 mg, 1.5 ml, 3 pcs. Price 237 rubles. Meloxicam-Tevatablets 15 mg 20 pcs. Price 292 rubles. Meloxicam rectal suppositories 15 mg, 6 pcs. Price 209 rubles. Meloxicam Avexima tablets 15 mg 20 pcs. Price 118 rubles.
Ksefokam. It is a powerful analgesic, acts like morphine. Effective for 12 hours. And fortunately, the drug is not addictive. Xefocam tablets are coated. captivity. about. 8 mg 10 pcs. Price 194 rubles. Xefocam tablets are coated. captivity. about. 8 mg 30 pcs. Price 564 rubles

A lot of pathological changes occurring in the body accompany the pain syndrome. To combat such symptoms, NSAIDs, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, have been developed. They perfectly anesthetize, relieve inflammation, reduce swelling. However, the drugs have a large number of side effects. This limits their use in some patients. Modern pharmacology has developed the latest generation of NSAIDs. Such drugs are much less likely to cause unpleasant reactions, but they remain effective drugs for pain.

Impact principle

COX-1 is responsible for the production of prostaglandins. They protect the gastric mucosa from unpleasant effects, affect the functioning of platelets, and also affect changes in renal blood flow.

COX-2 is normally absent and is a specific inflammatory enzyme synthesized due to cytotoxins, as well as other mediators.

Such an action of NSAIDs as inhibition of COX-1 carries many side effects.

New developments

It is no secret that the drugs of the first generation of NSAIDs had an adverse effect on the gastric mucosa. Therefore, scientists have set themselves the goal of reducing undesirable effects. A new release form has been developed. In such preparations, the active substance was in a special shell. The capsule was made from substances that did not dissolve in the acidic environment of the stomach. They began to break down only when they entered the intestines. This allowed to reduce the irritating effect on the gastric mucosa. However, the unpleasant mechanism of damage to the walls of the digestive tract still remained.

Indications for use

The effects of NSAIDs are widely known. The effect of such drugs is aimed at preventing or reducing the inflammatory process. These drugs give an excellent antipyretic effect. Their effect on the body can be compared with the effect of narcotic analgesics. In addition, they provide analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects. The use of NSAIDs reaches a wide scale in the clinical setting and in everyday life. Today it is one of the most popular medical drugs.

A positive impact is noted with the following factors:

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system. With various sprains, bruises, arthrosis, these drugs are simply irreplaceable. NSAIDs are used for osteochondrosis, inflammatory arthropathy, arthritis. The drug has an anti-inflammatory effect in myositis, herniated discs.
Strong pains. The drugs are quite successfully used for biliary colic, gynecological ailments. They eliminate headaches, even migraines, kidney discomfort. NSAIDs are successfully used for patients in the postoperative period.
Heat. The antipyretic effect allows the use of drugs for ailments of a diverse nature, both for adults and children. Such medicines are effective even in fever.
thrombus formation. NSAIDs are antiplatelet drugs. This allows them to be used in ischemia. They are a preventive measure against heart attack and stroke.

Classification

The classification of NSAIDs implies a division into two groups:

Old drugs (first generation). This category includes well-known drugs: Citramon, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Nurofen, Voltaren, Diklak, Diclofenac, Metindol, Movimed, Butadion .
New NSAIDs (second generation). Over the past 15-20 years, pharmacology has developed excellent drugs, such as Movalis, Nimesil, Nise, Celebrex, Arcoxia.

However, this is not the only classification of NSAIDs. New generation drugs are divided into non-acid derivatives and acids. Let's look at the last category first:

Salicylates. This group of NSAIDs contains drugs: Aspirin, Diflunisal, Lysine monoacetylsalicylate.
Pyrazolidins. Representatives of this category are drugs: Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, Oxyphenbutazone.
Oxycams. These are the most innovative NSAIDs of the new generation. List of drugs: Piroxicam, Meloxicam, Lornoxicam, Tenoxicam. Medicines are not cheap, but their effect on the body lasts much longer than other NSAIDs.
Derivatives of phenylacetic acid. This group of NSAIDs contains funds: Diclofenac, Tolmetin, Indomethacin, Etodolac, Sulindac, Aceclofenac.
Anthranilic acid preparations. The main representative is the medicine "Mefenaminat".
Propionic acid agents. This category contains many excellent NSAIDs. List of drugs: Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Benoxaprofen, Fenbufen, Fenoprofen, Thiaprofenic acid, Naproxen, Flurbiprofen, Pirprofen, Nabumeton.
Derivatives of isonicotinic acid. The main medicine "Amizon".
Pyrazolone preparations. The well-known remedy "Analgin" belongs to this category.

Non-acid derivatives include sulfonamides. This group includes drugs: Rofecoxib, Celecoxib, Nimesulide.

Side effects

However, even such effective means can provoke a number of undesirable effects. They should be known, especially if the drug is used for a long time.

The main side effects can be:

dizziness;
drowsiness;
headache;
fatigue;
increased heart rate;
increase in pressure;
slight shortness of breath;
dry cough;
indigestion;
the appearance of protein in the urine;
increased activity of liver enzymes;
skin rash (spot);
fluid retention;
allergy.

At the same time, damage to the gastric mucosa is not observed when taking new NSAIDs. The drugs do not cause an exacerbation of the ulcer with the occurrence of bleeding.

Phenylacetic acid preparations, salicylates, pyrazolidones, oxicams, alkanones, propionic acid and sulfonamide drugs have the best anti-inflammatory properties.

From joint pain most effectively relieve medications "Indomethacin", "Diclofenac", "Ketoprofen", "Flurbiprofen". These are the best NSAIDs for osteochondrosis. The above drugs, with the exception of the drug "Ketoprofen", have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. This category includes the tool "Piroxicam".

Effective analgesics are Ketorolac, Ketoprofen, Indomethacin, Diclofenac.

Movalis has become the leader among the latest generation of NSAIDs. This tool is allowed to be used for a long period. Anti-inflammatory analogues of an effective drug are the drugs Movasin, Mirloks, Lem, Artrozan, Melox, Melbek, Mesipol and Amelotex.

The drug "Movalis"

This drug is available in the form of tablets, rectal suppositories and a solution for intramuscular injection. The agent belongs to the derivatives of enolic acid. The drug has excellent analgesic and antipyretic properties. It has been established that in almost any inflammatory process, this medicine brings a beneficial effect.

Indications for the use of the drug are osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis.

However, you should know that there are contraindications to taking the drug:

hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug;
peptic ulcer in the acute stage;
severe renal failure;
ulcer bleeding;
severe liver failure;
pregnancy, child feeding;
severe heart failure.

The drug is not taken by children under 12 years of age.

Adult patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis are recommended to use 7.5 mg per day. If necessary, this dose can be increased by 2 times.

With rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, the daily norm is 15 mg.

Patients who are prone to side effects should take the drug with extreme caution. People who have severe renal failure and who are on hemodialysis should take no more than 7.5 mg throughout the day.

The cost of the drug "Movalis" in tablets of 7.5 mg, No. 20, is 502 rubles.

The opinion of consumers about the drug

Reviews of many people who are prone to severe pain indicate that Movalis is the most suitable remedy for long-term use. It is well tolerated by patients. In addition, its long stay in the body makes it possible to take the medicine once. Highly an important factor, according to most consumers, is the protection of cartilaginous tissues, since the drug does not have a negative effect on them. This is very important for patients who use the remedy for osteochondrosis, arthrosis.

In addition, the medicine perfectly relieves various pains - toothache, headache. Patients pay particular attention to the impressive list of side effects. While taking NSAIDs, the treatment, despite the manufacturer's warning, was not complicated by unpleasant consequences.

The drug "Celecoxib"

The action of this remedy is aimed at alleviating the patient's condition with osteochondrosis and arthrosis. The drug perfectly eliminates pain, effectively relieves the inflammatory process. No adverse effects on the digestive system have been identified.

The indications for use given in the instructions are:

This drug has a number of contraindications. In addition, the medicine is not intended for children under 18 years of age. Particular caution must be observed in people who are diagnosed with heart failure, as the drug increases the susceptibility to fluid retention.

The cost of the drug varies, depending on the packaging, in the region of 500-800 rubles.

Consumer opinion

Quite conflicting reviews about this medicine. Some patients, thanks to this remedy, were able to overcome joint pain. Other patients claim that the drug did not help. Thus, this remedy is not always effective.

In addition, you should not take the drug yourself. In some European countries, this medicine is banned because it has a cardiotoxic effect, which is quite unfavorable for the heart.

The drug "Nimesulide"

This medicine has not only anti-inflammatory and anti-pain effects. The tool also has antioxidant properties, due to which the drug inhibits substances that destroy cartilage and collagen fibers.

The remedy is used for:

arthritis;
arthrosis;
osteoarthritis;
myalgia;
arthralgia;
bursitis;
fever
various pain syndromes.

In this case, the drug has an analgesic effect very quickly. As a rule, the patient feels relief within 20 minutes after taking the drug. That is why this remedy is very effective in acute paroxysmal pain.

Almost always, the medicine is well tolerated by patients. But sometimes side effects may occur, such as dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, heartburn, hematuria, oliguria, urticaria.

The product is not approved for use by pregnant women and children under 12 years of age. With extreme caution should take the drug "Nimesulide" people who have arterial hypertension, impaired functioning of the kidneys, vision or heart.

The average price of a medicine is 76.9 rubles.