I managed to pass the dispensary. Complete information about medical examination - healthy russia

The existing program of compulsory health insurance of citizens includes a whole range of activities provided to the population, including the prophylactic medical examination program. In this article, we will try to understand in detail what are the features of this program and its goals, what is included in it and who falls under the program.

Features of medical examination for compulsory medical insurance

The medical examination program is provided for the entire population Russian Federation(for both children and adults). The compulsory medical examination procedure includes a whole range of activities aimed at:

• Maintaining the health of Russian citizens at the proper level;
• Reducing the frequency of acute and chronic diseases, including their complications;
• Prevention of various kinds of diseases;
• Increasing the duration and quality of life of citizens.

A medical examination under the medical examination program is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Order of the Ministry of Health "On approval of the procedure for conducting medical examinations" - any citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation falls under the program. The passage of this complex of preventive and curative measures possible only with the consent of the patient - the procedure is not mandatory, but desirable in some cases (admission to educational institution, hiring, etc.).

If you have a compulsory medical insurance policy (OMI), any Russian citizen can undergo a medical examination at the clinic to which he is attached to receive primary medical care.

The list of examinations according to the program depends on age group. Procedures are assigned for different age groups, the passage of which allows you to make sure that the patient does not have acute or chronic problems, monitor changes in the condition and check whether the person is allowed to perform school or work duties. Here are the main tasks pursued in the appointment of procedures:

• General health check;
• Identification of new diseases and deviations;
• Control over chronic diseases, checking their progress or elimination;
• The ability to adjust the patient's habitual lifestyle to normalize the state of health.

For different categories citizens based on practical experience medical workers, as well as theoretical research in this area, provides for its own features of the medical examination. You can find them in the following articles:

Stages of medical examinations

The course of medical examination and its stages are determined at the legislative level and imply an exact sequence of actions aimed at the prevention, detection and treatment of diseases. Medical examination carried out within the framework of compulsory insurance, is carried out in several steps:

1. Screening - during the examination, the patient is checked for the presence of chronic diseases and other risk factors. If necessary, specialists determine which doctors he needs to contact when identifying the primary diagnosis.
2. Holding medical manipulations prescribed during screening to improve health and eliminate problems. The choice of actions at this stage is determined by the results of the studies that were carried out at the first stage, as well as the age, gender, and individual physical characteristics of a particular patient.

Risk factors identified during the screening phase include problems such as too high/low blood pressure, abnormal blood sugar, high cholesterol, bad habits on the body (alcohol abuse, addiction to cigarettes, weak physical activity, malnutrition and disruption of the daily routine).

Frequency comprehensive examination depends on the individual's health status and age group. So, children, persons with disabilities and veterans undergo medical examinations annually, adults - once every three years (the countdown for the latter starts from the moment they reach 21 years old).

List of examinations carried out during medical examination

As stated earlier, full list inspections and laboratory research determined by the age and sex of the person. At the first stage of the medical examination, the following actions are carried out:

1. Filling out a screening questionnaire, in which the patient indicates the most complete information regarding his health and well-being. This stage allows you to identify the primary signs of acute and chronic diseases, risk factors, the use of prohibited medical preparations or drugs.
2. Anthropometric studies: weighing, measuring height and calculating the body mass index, which allows you to determine the patient's weight and make sure that the corresponding indicators are within the normal range.
3. Measurement of arterial and blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol levels, which allows you to determine the risk of formation and development of cardiovascular diseases.
4. Conducting an ECG.
5. Taking a smear from the cervix (for women), examining the condition of the mammary glands.
6. Conducting a classic and detailed blood test. The second option is required for people over the age of 39 and is carried out instead of the first examination every six years.
7. Biochemical analysis blood.
8. Standard analyzes of urine and feces, their laboratory testing for the presence of latent blood secretions (the latter must be carried out for people over 48 years of age).
9. Ultrasound examination organs of the small pelvis and abdomen, abdominal aorta (the last procedure is performed for men over 69 who are fond of smoking).
10. Definition intraocular pressure(relevant for persons from 39 years).
11. An appointment with a therapist who will check general state and well-being, will study the results of the above studies.

If at the first stage of a comprehensive study, doctors look at the general condition and determine whether it is necessary to refer the patient to highly specialized specialists, then at the second stage, additional medical examinations, prevention and treatment of chronic diseases are prescribed and adjusted. The following procedures are carried out based on medical indications:

• Examination by a neurologist, urologist, surgeon, proctologist;
• colonoscopy;
• Checking brachycephalic arteries with scanning equipment;
• Determination of the percentage of cholesterol in the blood;
• Spirometry (research is necessary if the patient is addicted to smoking or if bronchial / pulmonary diseases are suspected);
• Gynecological examination with a check of pathologies identified during a cytological examination or mammography;
• Glucose sensitivity test;
• Examination by an otolaryngologist in case of problems or pathologies of the body;
• Analysis for the content of prostate-specific antigenic bodies in the blood;
• Examination by an ophthalmologist with increased pressure, decreased quality of vision or the appearance of other pathologies;
• Inspection in the therapy room, summing up, prescribing and adjusting treatment regimens when problems are identified.

If deviations are found, the therapist determines the patient's health group: the first includes persons with a low risk of heart and vascular disease, who do not have symptoms of other problems and should not be constantly monitored by highly specialized doctors. The second group includes people with a high risk of blood diseases, and the third group includes citizens who are highly susceptible to acute and chronic diseases and need constant monitoring of their health.

Paid or free passage?

If you have a compulsory insurance policy, the procedure is carried out free of charge at the clinic to which the patient is attached. Paid medical examination is usually chosen in the following cases:

• Unwillingness to waste time in queues, since the budget procedure may take longer;
• Absence in state clinic necessary equipment, specialists;
• Inability to take tests due to the lack of a laboratory;
• Lack of an OMS policy.

The procedure is carried out in the clinic to which the patient is attached at the place of permanent residence (registration), or in paid establishments licensed to carry out screening. If it is necessary to undergo an examination, it is necessary to contact a general practitioner acting as a district doctor.

Required documents

During the first visit, specialists measure the main physical parameters of the subject, after which, according to the existing procedure, they fill out a certificate confirming that the patient voluntarily agrees to receive medical services and medical intervention for the purpose of diagnosing and checking the general state of health, as well as a questionnaire that allows you to establish the presence of chronic diseases not associated with the development of infections. The patient must have the following documents on hand:

1. Identity card (passport of a citizen of Russia).
2. OMS policy.
3. Documents confirming the fact of examinations, medication or surgical treatment for the last year.

At the end of the medical examination, the patient receives a health passport: this document contains reports on individual examinations, general study health conditions, recommendations and prescriptions drawn up by the clinic's specialists. The performed procedure allows improving the general condition of a person, timely determining the occurrence and development of diseases, including chronic diseases and complications, and prescribing the most effective scheme treatment.

Conclusion

Thus, the program of medical examination of the adult population under compulsory medical insurance is aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of citizens, increasing their life expectancy. The procedure is carried out in several stages, each of which has its own tasks, including the timely implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures. According to the policy Compulsory medical examination is carried out free of charge.

Free clinical examination in the Moscow region in 2017 is planned for 1.2 million residents of the region, more than 810 thousand people have already passed it. About who can undergo a free medical examination in the Moscow region and how to do it, read the material of the portal site.

Who can be screened

Source: Photobank of the Moscow Region, Sergey Oleksyuk

Citizens over 18 years old can undergo a free medical examination in the Moscow Region.

Free clinical examination is carried out every 3 years: at 21, 24, 27, 30 years old and so on. The year of medical examination is considered to be the calendar year from the date of birth at the onset of the specified age.

Medical examination can be passed by both working and non-working citizens, as well as students educational institutions in face form.

Stages of clinical examination

Source: Photobank of the Moscow Region, Tatyana Korobeinik

Screening is carried out in order to identify noncommunicable diseases and the main risk factors for their development. Clinical examination in the Moscow region takes place in two stages.

At the first stage, doctors conduct an examination to see if the patient has risk factors and suspicions of diseases.

If it turns out that the person is healthy, then the second stage is not required for him. At the second stage, doctors conduct examinations for those people who, at the first stage, had some risk factors or suspicions of diseases.

The first stage of clinical examination includes questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, as well as laboratory and instrumental examinations: measurement blood pressure, ECG, ultrasound, fluorography, mammography (for women over 39), clinical analysis blood, etc.

The full list of examinations differs for men and women and depends on age. So, citizens older than 51 years old are examined by a neurologist every 6 years.

After passing all the tests and receiving the results, an appointment with a general practitioner is carried out. Based on the results of the first stage of medical examination, the general practitioner determines the health group and the need to undergo the second stage of medical examination.

Those who have deviations in analyzes are sent to the second stage of medical examination, there is a risk cardiovascular disease or the diagnosis needs to be clarified. So, the patient can be referred for more detailed tests (for example, esophagogastroduodenoscopy), as well as to specialized specialists - a neurologist, surgeon, urologist, coloproctologist, gynecologist, ophthalmologist.

Based on the results of the second stage of medical examination, the general practitioner determines the group of the state of health, and can also refer the patient, if there are medical indications, for in-depth professional counseling, for receiving specialized medical care, for sanatorium treatment.

How to enroll

Clinical examination is a medical examination aimed at identifying chronic For example, cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary, oncological, diabetes mellitus.

"> non-communicable diseases, as well as the risk of their development.

Clinical examination includes an examination by specialist doctors and a number of tests and examinations. It is carried out at the place of your attachment. Employed citizens are issued a certificate of inspection on the same day. For the period of medical examination, employees have the right to be released from work for 1 working day once every 3 years with the preservation of their workplace and average earnings. The examination can also be done at evening time and on Saturdays.

Workers before retirement age(within 5 years before retirement age) and pensioners receiving an old-age or superannuation pension have the right to be released from work for 2 working days once a year while maintaining their place of work and average earnings. To do this, you need to coordinate with the management the days of medical examination and write an application for release from work.

You have the right to refuse to conduct medical examinations in general or from certain types of medical interventions included in the scope of medical examinations.

2. Who can get a free medical examination in Moscow?

In order to pass the screening, you must:

3. Suitable for age. Medical examination is carried out 1 time in 3 years, and you can pass it during the year when you are or will be: 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39 years old. If you are 40 years of age or older, you can have an annual medical examination.

Some Annual medical examinations are carried out by:

1. Disabled Great Patriotic War, invalids of military operations, participants of the Great Patriotic War, who became disabled due to common disease, labor injury or other reasons (except for persons whose disability has occurred as a result of their illegal actions).

2. Persons awarded the badge "Resident besieged Leningrad» and those recognized as disabled due to a general illness, labor injury or other reasons (except for persons whose disability has occurred as a result of their unlawful actions).

3. Former juvenile prisoners of concentration camps, ghettos, and other places of detention created by the Nazis and their allies during the Second World War, recognized as disabled due to a general illness, labor injury and other reasons (except for persons whose disability was due to their illegal actions).

4. Elderly Muscovites (upon reaching the age of 50 and before the retirement age) have the right to count on free medical examination, including medical organizations, where a program of free medical examination of such citizens is being implemented.

For these categories of citizens, medical examination is carried out in the amount provided for the nearest age category - except for studies that are contraindicated for annual conduct and if there are no corresponding symptoms and diseases for which they are necessary.

"> privileged categories of citizens undergo medical examination annually, regardless of age.

The volume and nature of a comprehensive examination depend on the sex and age of the person.

3. How will the dispensary take place?

Step 1. Fill out the required documents.

Contact the clinic at the place of attachment, where you will be asked to fill out the following documents:

• informed voluntary consent to medical intervention;
• questionnaire (survey) to identify complaints specific to non-communicable diseases, personal history and living conditions (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity etc.), in people over 65 years of age - the risk of falls, depression, heart failure, etc.

Step 2 Prepare for examinations.

On the day scheduled for the examination, come to the clinic in the morning on an empty stomach, before performing physical activity, including morning exercises. if you If you are from 40 to 64 years old, the analysis must be taken once every two years, if you are from 65 to 75 years old - annually.

"> 40 years or more, you will need to donate feces for occult blood, so check with the clinic in advance, If immunochemical, no dietary restrictions are required. If by another method - within 3 days before the examination, refuse food with high content iron (meat, apples, white beans), laxatives and enemas, iron preparations, aspirin and ascorbic acid. this analysis is done.

Step 3 Pass the first stage of medical examination.

A comprehensive examination can consist of two stages. During the first stage, you will receive a route sheet indicating all the examinations that must be completed depending on gender and age.

Step 4 Come see a general practitioner.

The doctor will give explanations on the results of examinations, determine your health group, if any high risk diseases or the diseases themselves - a dispensary observation group and will issue your health passport in your hands.

Step 5 Pass the second stage of medical examination.

If after examinations it turns out that you need additional examination, the general practitioner will refer you to the second, more in-depth, stage of medical examination.

Step 6 Consult your doctor.

After passing through all the stages of examinations, you will have another consultation with a general practitioner who will give necessary recommendations(e.g. quitting smoking, improving diet, increasing physical activity).

In the presence of diseases, it is prescribed necessary treatment, including specialized and high-tech medical care as well as spa treatment.

If you smoke, are overweight, obese, or have other risk factors, you may be referred to a ward or office medical prevention or , where they will provide assistance to manage risk factors.

4. Which doctors do I need to see if I am between 18 and 39 years old?

The first stage of dispensary:

1. Preventive medical examination:

• survey (questionnaire)
• determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood;
• determination of the level of glucose in the blood;
• determination of relative cardiovascular risk (for patients aged 18-39 years);
• fluorography (1 time in 2 years);
• reception (examination) based on the results of preventive medical examination, including examination to identify visual and other localizations of oncological diseases, including examination skin, mucous lips and oral cavity, palpation thyroid gland, lymph nodes, a paramedic of a feldsher's health center or a feldsher-obstetric station, a general practitioner or a doctor for medical prevention of the department (office) of medical prevention or a health center.

2. Screening for early detection of cancer:

For women:

• examination by a paramedic (midwife) (from 18 and older);
• taking a smear from the cervix, cytological examination smear from the cervix 1 time in 3 years at the age of 18 to 64 years;

3. Brief preventive counseling;

The second stage of dispensary is carried out for the purpose of additional examination and clarification of the diagnosis of the disease (condition) if there are indications based on the results of the first stage and includes:

• examination (consultation) by a neurologist;
• spirometry;
• for women from 18 years old: examination (consultation) by an obstetrician-gynecologist - if necessary;

5. Which doctors should I go to if I am 40 to 45 years old?

The first stage of dispensary:

• measurement of height, body weight, waist circumference, determination of body mass index;
• measurement of blood pressure;
• determination of absolute cardiovascular risk (for patients from 40 to 64 years old);
• electrocardiography at rest (performed at the first passage of a preventive medical examination, then at the age of 35 years and older 1 time per year);
• for women over 40 - mammography;
• for men aged 45 years: determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood;
• for patients aged 45 years of both sexes - esophagogastroduodenoscopy;
• If you are between 40 and 64 years old, the analysis must be taken once every two years, if you are from 65 to 75 years old - annually. "> 40 years and older
• measurement of intraocular pressure (performed during the first routine examination, then at the age of 40 years and older 1 time per year).

• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or coloproctologist, including sigmoidoscopy (if necessary);
• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or urologist (for men aged 45 years with an increase in the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood of more than 1 gn/ml);
• colonoscopy - in case of suspected oncological disease of the colon, as prescribed by a surgeon or coloproctologist;
• esophagogastroduodenoscopy - with suspicion of malignant neoplasms esophagus, stomach and duodenum- as prescribed by the therapist;
• lung radiography, CT scan lung - if malignant is suspected neoplasms of the lung- as prescribed by the therapist;
• examination (consultation) by an ophthalmologist (for patients over 40 years of age with increased intraocular pressure);
• individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school).

6. Which doctors do I need to go to if I am 46 to 50 years old?

The first stage of dispensary:

• measurement of height, body weight, waist circumference, determination of body mass index;
• measurement of blood pressure;
• conducting general analysis blood (hemoglobin, leukocytes, ESR);
• determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood by the express method;
• determination of the level of glucose in the blood on an empty stomach (it is allowed to use the express method);
• determination of absolute cardiovascular risk;
• individual preventive counseling - for patients with high relative and very high absolute cardiovascular risk, obesity, hypercholesterolemia with a total cholesterol level of 8 mmol / l or more and / or smokers more than 20 cigarettes per day;
• fluorography of the lungs (not performed if in the previous calendar year, or in the year of the medical examination, fluorography, radiography (fluoroscopy) or computed tomography of the chest organs were performed.);
• electrocardiography at rest (performed once a year);
• for women: examination by a midwife, including taking a smear from the cervix for a cytological examination;
• for women - mammography;
• for men aged 50 years: determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood;
• for patients of both sexes aged If you are between 40 and 64 years old, the analysis must be taken once every two years, if you are from 65 to 75 years old - annually. "> 40 years and older: examination of feces for occult blood;
• measurement of intraocular pressure (performed once a year).

If you have had any of the tests listed or any of the tests listed in the last 12 months, your results may be included in your health check.

The second stage of medical examination (if necessary):

• duplex scanning of brachycephalic arteries - for men over 45 years old, in the presence of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases;
• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or urologist (for men aged 50 years with an increase in the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood of more than 1 gn/ml);
• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or coloproctologist, including sigmoidoscopy (if necessary);
• colonoscopy - in case of suspected oncological disease of the colon, as prescribed by a surgeon or coloproctologist;
• spirometry - in case of suspicion of a chronic broncho-pulmonary disease according to the results of a questionnaire, smokers - in the direction of a therapist;
• for women: examination (consultation) by an obstetrician-gynecologist - if necessary;
• esophagogastroduodenoscopy - if malignant neoplasms of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum are suspected - as prescribed by the therapist;
• x-ray of the lungs, computed tomography of the lungs - in case of suspected malignant neoplasms of the lung - as prescribed by the therapist;
• individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school).

7. Which doctors do I need to see if I am between 51 and 74 years old?

The first stage of dispensary:

• measurement of height, body weight, waist circumference, determination of body mass index;
• measurement of blood pressure;
• conducting a general blood test (hemoglobin, leukocytes, ESR);
• determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood by the express method;
• determination of the level of glucose in the blood on an empty stomach (it is allowed to use the express method);
• determination of absolute cardiovascular risk (for patients under 64 years of age);
• individual preventive counseling - for patients under 72 years of age with high relative and very high absolute cardiovascular risk, obesity, hypercholesterolemia with a total cholesterol level of 8 mmol / l or more and / or smokers more than 20 cigarettes per day;
• fluorography of the lungs (not performed if fluorography, radiography (fluoroscopy) or computed tomography of the chest organs were performed in the previous calendar year, or in the year of the medical examination);
• resting electrocardiography;
• for patients of both sexes: examination of feces for occult blood (if you are from 40 to 64 years old, the analysis must be taken once every two years, if from 65 to 75 years old - annually);
• for men: determination of the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood (performed at the age of 55, 60 and 64 years);
• for women under 64 years of age: examination by a midwife, including taking a smear from the cervix for a cytological examination;
• for women: mammography (at the age of 40-75 years is carried out once every 2 years).

If you have had any of the tests listed or any of the tests listed in the last 12 months, your results may be included in your health check.

The second stage of medical examination (if necessary):

• examination (consultation) by a neurologist - in case of suspicion of a previously transferred acute disorder cerebral circulation, depression in patients older than 65 years, with disorders motor function and etc.;
• duplex scanning of brachycephalic arteries - for men under 72 years old, for women 54-72 years old, in the presence of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases;
• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or urologist (for men aged 55, 60 and 64 years - with an increase in the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood of more than 1 gn / ml);
• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or coloproctologist, including sigmoidoscopy (if necessary);
• colonoscopy - in case of suspected oncological disease of the colon, as prescribed by a surgeon or coloproctologist;
• spirometry - in case of suspicion of a chronic broncho-pulmonary disease according to the results of a questionnaire, smokers - in the direction of a therapist;
• for women under 75: examination (consultation) by an obstetrician-gynecologist - if necessary;
• examination (consultation) by an ophthalmologist - for patients with increased intraocular pressure;
• x-ray of the lungs, computed tomography of the lungs - in case of suspected malignant neoplasms of the lung - as prescribed by the therapist;
• esophagogastroduodenoscopy - if malignant neoplasms of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum are suspected - as prescribed by the therapist;
• examination (consultation) by an otorhinolaryngologist - for patients aged 65 years and older (if necessary);
• individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school).

8. What doctors should I see if I am 75 or older?

The first stage of dispensary:

• measurement of height, body weight, waist circumference, determination of body mass index;
• measurement of blood pressure;
• conducting a general blood test (hemoglobin, leukocytes, ESR);
• determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood by the express method;
• determination of the level of glucose in the blood on an empty stomach (it is allowed to use the express method);
• fluorography of the lungs (not performed if fluorography, radiography (fluoroscopy) or computed tomography of the chest organs were performed in the previous calendar year, or in the year of the medical examination);
• resting electrocardiography;
• measurement of intraocular pressure (performed once a year);
• for women aged 75 years: mammography;
• for patients of both sexes aged 75 years: examination of feces for occult blood.

If you have had any of the tests listed or any of the tests listed in the last 12 months, your results may be included in your health check.

The second stage of medical examination (if necessary):

• examination (consultation) by a neurologist - in case of suspicion of a previous acute cerebrovascular accident, depression in patients over 65 years of age, in case of motor function disorders, etc.
• duplex scanning of brachycephalic arteries - for patients aged 75-90 years in the direction of a neurologist;
• examination (consultation) by a surgeon or coloproctologist, including sigmoidoscopy (if necessary) - for patients under the age of 87;
• spirometry - in case of suspicion of a chronic broncho-pulmonary disease according to the results of a questionnaire, smokers - in the direction of a therapist;
• esophagogastroduodenoscopy - if malignant neoplasms of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum are suspected - as prescribed by the therapist;
• x-ray of the lungs, computed tomography of the lungs - in case of suspected malignant neoplasms of the lung - as prescribed by the therapist;
• examination (consultation) by an otorhinolaryngologist (if necessary);
• examination (consultation) by an ophthalmologist - for patients with increased intraocular pressure, and for patients aged 75 years and older who have a decrease in visual acuity that is not amenable to spectacle correction, identified by the results of the survey;
• individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school).

9. My age is not on the list for medical examination. What test can I get?

If your age is not on the list for medical examination and you do not belong to preferential categories, you can still go to your clinic and go through preventive medical examination. It is also held for early detection diseases and risk factors for their development, but unlike clinical examination, it includes a smaller amount of examinations.

The advantage of a preventive medical examination is that it can be done at any age at the request of the patient. Medical examination is free of charge, annually. Preventive medical examination studies are included in the 1st stage of medical examination.

measurement of height, body weight, waist circumference, determination of body mass index;

measurement of blood pressure;

determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood by the express method;

determination of the level of glucose in the blood by the express method;

determination of the relative cardiovascular risk in citizens aged 18 to 39;

determination of absolute cardiovascular risk in citizens aged 40 to 64;

fluorography of the lungs 1 time in 2 years;

electrocardiography at rest (performed at the first passage of a preventive medical examination, then at the age of 35 years and older 1 time per year);

measurement of intraocular pressure (performed during the first routine examination, then at the age of 40 years and older 1 time per year);

for women under the age of 39 - an examination by a paramedic (midwife) or an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Step 2 Find out the results. After the examination, you will have an appointment (examination) with a general practitioner, including Inspection of the skin, mucous membranes of the lips and oral cavity, palpation of the thyroid gland, lymph nodes.

"> examination for the identification of possible oncological diseases, with the provision of recommendations.

If you have signs or a high risk of disease, your GP will refer you for further testing.

Yes, it's worth it. The main thing is to properly resolve unpleasant situations.

How to get through the queues

Polyclinics allocate time for patients who come for medical examination. If there is no such schedule, patients can skip the queue.
In fact, it turns out that the coupon is not needed only for the district police officer, but in order to take tests or get to a narrow specialist, you need to go through a live queue - not always friendly. Hence the rumors and gossip.

If you filter out angry comments, a not so bleak picture emerges.

“The longest thing I have been waiting for is a blood test. I came on Monday morning, when the most influx of visitors, and doctors advise starting medical examinations on Thursday-Friday. There were no queues at the ECG rooms, the mammologist closer to dinner, ”Lydia shares her experience.

“We have special days in the clinic for this, Tuesday and Thursday, and no matter how indignant, the doctor comes out and calls the right person, the rest have the remaining days,” says Maria.

“The older the person, the wider the list of examinations. The first stage of medical examination involves screening and includes mainly an examination by a district physician, a series of laboratory tests, and diagnostic procedures. If at the first stage the therapist or even the paramedic did not find signs of violations in the patient that require referral to the second stage, then the prophylactic medical examination ends here, ”explains Tatyana Tvorogova, senior researcher at the State Research Center for Preventive Medicine, candidate of medical sciences. "On average, the passage of the first stage takes 1 day."

The website of the Moscow Department of Health has useful recommendations on how to reduce time in the clinic. “In order to minimize time costs, to minimize the time for processing and filling out documentation at the clinic, we suggest that you print out the forms that are required during the medical examination, answer all questions in advance and come to the clinic with the documents already filled out:

1. Informed voluntary consent to medical intervention
2. Questionnaire for the identification of chronic non-communicable diseases.

How to talk to a doctor so that he listens to you

What to hide, the formal attitude of doctors to medical examinations is not uncommon. But what prevents you from tactfully and politely insisting on a full-fledged screening, since you have already been to the clinic and passed the test in a queue?

Do not forget about the ethics of communication. The usual: "Hello, [substitute the desired name-patronymic]", - already distinguishes you from the crowd of angry patients who start the conversation with the phrases "How long can you wait!"

If nothing hurts, medical examination is not needed?

The disease is easier to prevent, as well as the fact that a number of diseases are asymptomatic. However, the consequences of blind confidence in one's own health are already faced by relatives of a patient with a serious illness.

In the article, we will consider how the medical examination takes place in the clinic.

This is a set of measures that include a medical preventive examination with additional methods surveys that are conducted to assess the state of well-being (including determining the category of health and observation groups) and are carried out in relation to certain groups of the population in accordance with the legislation of the country.

How is the medical examination in the clinic? This is of interest to many.

Who should pass?

Medical examinations are subject primarily to working citizens, since the economic stability of the state directly depends on their state of health. Next, we will find out whether such a survey is mandatory for the population.

A common question: is it possible to undergo a medical examination in a polyclinic voluntarily?

Is screening mandatory for the public?

It is worth saying that this business is considered voluntary, and in many respects it depends on the culture and desires of the person to control the state of health. The national project called "Health" is part of the state policy and is associated with improving the quality of life of citizens, in this regard, the responsibility for the well-being of workers and the organization of medical examinations rests with the administrations of municipal districts and business leaders.

In which clinic can you get a medical examination?

It can be done at any clinic (that is, directly in the outpatient departments of hospitals) at the place of residence or attachment. Medical examination is carried out in an organized manner in a healthcare institution, with which the employer agrees on the procedure with the schedule for this event. Now let's look at how the medical examination takes place in the clinic.

General principle

Not every person correctly imagines what a free medical examination is and how it can differ from a regular trip to therapists in district clinic. Traditionally, people turn to doctors if they have specific complaints, for example, pain in the back, throat, rash, and so on. And then the doctor prescribes an examination, therapy, or a referral to colleagues, that is, to other specialists (cardiologist, neurologist, etc.) medical indications based on specific symptoms.

How to undergo a medical examination in the clinic, you can check with your doctor.

In fact, this is a preventive examination. In order to undergo examinations and take tests during its implementation, it is not required to have any reasons, complaints or symptoms. The main task such a medical examination is to find signs of diseases and other abnormalities that people may not be aware of. Or they don't care.

How to pass a medical examination in a polyclinic? This is important to find out in advance.

Right, not duty

Despite the fact that such a medical examination is considered universal, it is considered a right of a citizen, and not an obligation. Like any medical intervention (including an elementary medical examination), it is carried out exclusively on a voluntary basis. informed consent person. At the same time, a citizen has the right to refuse some procedures and examinations during the medical examination at his own discretion, and this will not deprive him of the right to other examinations and analyzes. There are no sanctions for those who miss medical examinations, the legislation does not establish. At the same time, doctors unanimously assure: a preventive medical examination plays huge role in the process of rescue serious illnesses and decrease in mortality, so they should not be ignored at all.

Order of conduct

Do you want to go to the clinic for medical examination? The procedure for conducting a medical examination includes an extensive examination, which includes the following procedures:

• Taking a blood test for cholesterol. When it is above the norm, a person should be prescribed additional research in the form of determining the lipid spectrum of blood. This analysis is actively advertised by commercial clinics and laboratories, showing the level of bad and good cholesterol as well as triglycerides. Such figures can tell a lot about the state of blood vessels, the presence of a predisposition to atherosclerosis and other disorders.
• Glucose analysis. As with cholesterol, increased values patients are entitled to an in-depth study in the form of determining the concentration of glycated hemoglobin in the blood or conducting a special test for glucose tolerance. Such an analysis indicates a predisposition to diabetes, making it possible to predict damage to the walls of blood vessels.
• Electrocardiography is prescribed for men over 35 years of age. And women aged 45 and older as part of each medical examination.
• Performance duplex scanning brachycephalic arteries. This is a very expensive (and, subject to medical examination, free) study of the main arteries through which the brain is supplied with blood. Such an examination is prescribed for men over 45 and women over 55 years of age if they have three risk factors at the same time in the form high blood pressure, cholesterol and overweight.

How often they undergo medical examinations in the clinic, not everyone knows.

Recognition of oncological pathologies

To recognize oncological pathology on early stage when there is a great chance for a cure, the following examinations are prescribed as part of the medical examination:

• Mammography of the mammary glands at the age of 40 to 75 years, when cancer of this organ most often develops.
• Ultrasound examination of the abdominal and pelvic organs in patients aged 39 years and older. Assign such an analysis every six years.
• Taking a smear from the surface of the cervix for women from 21 to 75 years old. This important study makes it possible to detect a precancerous condition and save the patient by avoiding the removal of the organ.
• Examination of feces for occult blood. This analysis is carried out for patients aged 48 to 75 years. Positive result this analysis signals colorectal cancer, which is a common cancer intestines.
• Conducting a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy of the intestine is prescribed in case of suspected colorectal cancer. As a rule, when there is a hereditary predisposition or is detected hidden blood in fecal analysis.
• Performing a blood test for prostate-specific antigen. Such an analysis is prescribed only after a survey, and in addition, after examining the patient by a urologist and ultrasound prostate or finger analysis.

How to pass a medical examination in a polyclinic at the place of residence?

A medical examination is carried out in a polyclinic to which a person is attached at his place of residence for the purpose of servicing under a compulsory insurance policy. Therefore, you must have a policy with a passport with you, which is needed to confirm the year of birth.

According to the rules, people who come to the medical examination should not stand in a general queue with the rest of the patients. All clinics today have special preventive departments which should be contacted in this case. If it turns out that there is no such department, then you will have to contact the therapist, who should be informed that the person came specifically for medical examination. In this situation, the doctor issues a special questionnaire and a referral for the necessary examinations.

Is it possible to undergo a medical examination at Polyclinic No. 1 in Moscow? Of course, if you are attached to it at the place of registration.

Certain Hours

Usually, certain hours are allocated for medical examination by polyclinics so that patients can take tests at a convenient time, taking into account work. Unfortunately, now there are no rules that employers are required to release their employees for medical examination during working hours. But such an amendment may soon appear again in the legislation.

It should be noted that at present most Russians die from cardiac, vascular and oncological pathologies. Therefore, first of all, examinations are included in the medical examination, which make it possible to detect such diseases as early as possible. dangerous diseases. But it is especially important that people check for risk factors in the form of signs that do not yet indicate the onset of the disease, but already predict that one will manifest itself sooner or later. It's about about elevated level sugar, high cholesterol and pressure, and other abnormalities. In the event that these violations are corrected in time, taking them under control, then severe pathologies can be avoided or greatly delayed, at least. Now let's find out when it is necessary to undergo such an examination.

In what years do medical examinations take place in polyclinics?

How to find out the year?

In a good way, absolutely every citizen in without fail news should come in the form of a call or SMS from a polyclinic at the place of residence or from an insurance organization that the turn has come to undergo a medical examination in the coming year. But in practice, this does not always happen, so it is worth remembering that if a person turns so many years old in the current year that the age can be divided by “three”, then the person has the right to be examined. And it doesn’t matter at all what month the patient’s birthday is: even if forty-five years are celebrated in December, you can safely go for a free examination at any time. by the most early age for medical examination is twenty-one years, and the latest is not limited.

Thus, every citizen is entitled to a free medical examination every three years. But this does not mean at all that the rest of the time you will have to pay for such an examination. In the event that there are specific complaints, then a specialist of the appropriate profile, for example, an endocrinologist, a cardiologist, a urologist, and so on, should send the patient for analysis. If there are no complaints, but the citizen wants to test the state of health in general, then you can safely go with the policy to the department of your clinic. Or you can contact the health center, which are now open throughout the country. They also work for free, and only a passport and a policy are enough to serve a patient.

The doctor may advise: "Go through a medical examination at the clinic at the place of residence." It's not hard. On average, the examination process takes about one month.

How do patients know about the results?

Each specialist must necessarily inform the patient about the results, identified diseases and give appropriate recommendations. The district therapist at the place of residence, having received the results of the study after the medical examination, informs the patient about his health in general. In addition, it is necessary to inform the person about the established diagnoses, about the need for dispensary observation and registration of a citizen. The doctor also directs the patient, according to indications, for additional examination and treatment, drawing up a plan for treatment and rehabilitation event and explaining to the patient the need to follow the recommendations that are aimed at maintaining health.