Prednisolone suspension instructions for use. Instructions for use of prednisolone

Instructions for use of Prednisolone indicate that this is a medium-acting hormonal agent intended for local and systemic use in the treatment of various severe pathologies and acute, life-threatening conditions.

Prednisolone - description of the drug

Prednisolone is a synthetic analogue of the hormone hydrocortisone, which is produced in the body by the adrenal cortex. The drug exhibits the following therapeutic effect:

• fights inflammation;
• relieves shock conditions;
• prevents the release of exudate;
• exhibits antitoxic effect;
• has an immunosuppressive effect.

Prednisolone prevents the development of allergic reactions. In the event that adverse reactions have already appeared, it allows you to quickly stop unpleasant symptoms, eliminate itching, redness and rashes. The drug is able to suppress inflammation, relieve swelling, have an anti-shock effect, which helps to avoid serious complications and reduce the likelihood of death.

The drug is prescribed for severe pathologies and dangerous states accompanied by a strong inflammatory process, bronchospasm, abundant exudate. Prednisolone inhibits development, inhibits cell proliferation in the damaged area, and prevents the formation of scar tissue.

Everything is important in clinical practice healing effects hormonal agent (except immunosuppressive, aimed at artificial suppression of immunity). This property of the drug is considered as an adverse reaction. Advantage synthetic hormone in that the effect of its use develops in 5-7 minutes, which allows you to quickly eliminate the spasm respiratory tract, swelling and normalize the patient's condition.

Good to know

Prednisolone is a strong drug, so it is advisable to use it only in severe cases, when other, weaker medicines do not give the expected therapeutic effect or there are emergency situations associated with a threat to life (for example, with anaphylactic shock).

Additionally, Prednisolone exhibits the following properties:

• activates protein metabolism in;
• increases the concentration of glucose in the blood;
• reduces the concentration of protein in plasma and tissues by activating its decay;
• interferes with the absorption of potassium in the intestine;
• reduces convulsive activity;
• promotes the redistribution of fat, as a result of which it is deposited on the face and in the region of the shoulder girdle;
• has a stimulating effect on the brain;
• retains sodium and fluid in the body;
• inhibits production thyroid-stimulating hormones and own hydrocortisone produced by the adrenal glands.

Similar properties of the drug serve as the basis for side effects that occur during treatment, so they need to be adequately assessed and taken into account during therapy with Prednisolone.

Forms of the drug

The pharmaceutical industry produces a hormonal drug in several forms:

• tablets Prednisolone (1 mg and 5 mg);
• Prednisolone in ampoules 30 mg / ml (injection solution);
• eye drops (0.5%);
• prednisolone ointment (0.5%).

Prednisolone is produced by different pharmaceutical companies, respectively, the same form of the drug, in addition to the main component, may contain different excipients. Therefore, before using the medication, you need to carefully study the composition and the insert with the instructions, which lists in detail all the components of the medication.

Indications

Prednisolone is prescribed for therapy serious illnesses accompanied by dangerous symptoms. The ointment form helps with skin diseases, drops are used in ophthalmic practice, solutions and tablets are used for pathological processes in internal organs, allergic manifestations, and autoimmune diseases.

Tablets and intramuscular injections of Prednisolone are prescribed for the treatment of the following pathologies:

• inflammatory lesions of the joints in acute and chronic form;
• systemic connective tissue diseases;
• allergic diseases acute and chronic;
• swelling of the brain;
• diseases of the hematopoietic system;
• skin diseases (, eczema, neurodermatitis, dermatitis);
• lung disease;
• autoimmune kidney damage;
• inflammatory eye diseases (uveitis, optic neuritis);
• pathology (thyroiditis);
• ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract;
• chronic inflammatory diseases of the liver (hepatitis of various etiologies).

Prednisolone tablets can be prescribed to alleviate the condition in the treatment of cytostatics, with multiple myeloma, as a means of preventing rejection of organs and tissues after transplantation.

The main indications for prescribing intramuscular and intravenous injections of Prednisolone are:

• severe course of bronchial asthma;
• acute allergic reactions, accompanied by massive edema, bronchospasm, painful, itchy rashes;
• thyrotoxic crisis;
• shock conditions of various origins (traumatic, burn, cardiogenic, toxic, anaphylactic);
• swelling of the brain;
• adrenal or liver failure in acute form, hepatic coma;
• myocardial infarction;
• intoxication with vinegar essence or alkali.

A solution of Prednisolone is also used for injection into a diseased joint with rheumatism, arthrosis, polyarthritis or osteoarthritis of large joints.

Prednisolone ointment is used in the treatment of dermatitis (atopic, allergic, seborrheic), eczema, lichen, psoriasis, neurodermatitis. This remedy is prescribed for alopecia (baldness), manifestations of toxicoderma, lupus erythematosus, used as part of complex treatment tendovaginitis, bursitis, sciatica.

Eye drops are used in ophthalmology for inflammatory diseases eyes of a non-infectious nature (iritis, uveitis, iridocyclitis, including allergic nature, keratitis, blepharitis). Used for inflammation of the eyes caused by surgery or trauma.

As you can see, the list of conditions for which Prednisolone is used is very extensive. In general, the drug in tablet form is used to treat chronic diseases, while injections are made to relieve acute conditions that increase the risk of severe complications or pose a threat to life.

Instructions for use

The annotation to the drug states that the dosage of Prednisolone and the treatment regimen are selected by the doctor, taking into account the type of pathology, the severity of symptoms, general condition patient and possible contraindications.

How to take Prednisolone?

Treatment with Prednisolone is carried out strictly according to the indications and under the supervision of a physician. It is recommended to take a daily dose of Prednisolone once, preferably in the morning (from 6 to 8), immediately after breakfast.

This is due to the circadian rhythms of glucocorticosteroid secretion, which is most active in the morning, therefore, the effectiveness of taking the drug at this time will be the best. Tablets should be swallowed whole and washed down with a small amount of liquid. If in morning time it is impossible to take the medicine, you need to do it before 12 hours. Another option is to take most of the daily dose in the morning, the rest before 12 noon.

In the treatment of severe pathologies, the initial dose is from 50 to 75 mg, as the condition improves, the dose is gradually reduced to 1-3 tablets per day. In the treatment of chronic conditions, the standard dosage of the drug is 4 to 6 tablets per day.

When asked how many days to drink Prednisolone, doctors answer that the duration of the medication depends on the type of pathology, the severity of the symptoms and the patient's individual response to the drug. The standard course takes an average of 6 days, in some cases it can stretch for several weeks.

As the condition improves, the dose is reduced by 5 mg every 2 days, bringing it to the minimum. It is impossible to stop taking the drug abruptly, so as not to cause a withdrawal syndrome. In the minimum dose, Prednisolone is recommended to be taken for another 2 days, and only after that the medicine is finally canceled.

Injections

Intravenous injections are made by drip and jet. Jet injection is indicated for the relief of acute conditions, which allows you to get a quick therapeutic effect. After the crisis has passed, the patient is put on a drip. To do this, Prednisolone is mixed with saline and injected into a vein at a rate of 15 drops per minute.

Intramuscular injections are made according to standard rules, that is, a solution is injected into the buttocks or the upper third of the shoulder, after treating the skin with an antiseptic. The dosage of the drug and the duration of the course of treatment for various conditions is determined by the specialist.

In acute conditions, the solution is instilled into the conjunctival sac after 2 hours (1-2 drops). As the condition improves, the eyes are instilled after 6 hours, then they switch to a three-time use. After surgery, Prednisolone can be instilled into the eyes for 3-5 days after surgery.

The ointment form of the drug can be used for no more than 14 days, applying a thin layer to the affected areas up to 3 times a day. Upon reaching a positive result, the use of the drug is immediately stopped.

Do not apply prednisolone ointment under the bandage, as this method of application can provoke excessive penetration of active substances into the bloodstream and cause systemic adverse reactions.

Prednisolone for children

Prednisolone is a powerful hormonal agent that often causes unwanted side effects during use. side effects. The question naturally arises, is it possible for children to take Prednisolone?

The doctor must calculate the dosage of the medication for the child individually, taking into account the age and severity of the condition. The therapeutic dose of Prednisolone in tablet form is calculated from the ratio of 1-2 mg / kg, the maintenance dose is 0.25-0.5 mg / kg.

For injections, the dosage is determined taking into account the age and weight of the child and is 3 mg / kg for babies from 2 months to a year and 2 mg / kg for children from 1 year to 14 years. When stopping acute conditions, the drug is administered intramuscularly, very slowly, over 3 minutes. If the need arises, then after half an hour, the solution can be re-introduced at the same dose.

Tablets and injections for children are prescribed only in case of urgent need, when attempts to treat severe pathology with other medicines do not work or life-threatening conditions arise. In this case, the drug should be used according to an intermittent scheme (three days of admission / four days of break). With this treatment regimen, the risk of stopping the growth and development of the child is reduced.

The ointment form and eye drops are used in the same doses as in the treatment of adult patients. In this case, the application of ointment under the bandage should be excluded so as not to create conditions for excessive absorption of the drug in.

Contraindications

With the systemic use of Prednisolone for a short period of time and for health reasons, the only limitation is hypersensitivity to the active substance and other components. In other cases, the doctor must take into account the conditions in which the use of a hormonal agent is prohibited.

Tablets, IM, IV and intra-articular injections should not be given under the following conditions:

• active phase of a viral, fungal, bacterial infection ( chickenpox, systemic mycoses, tuberculosis, etc.);
• ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract;
• arterial hypertension;
• heart failure (chronic), myocardial infarction in history;
• diabetes;
• endocrine pathologies (hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, high obesity);
• severe renal or hepatic failure, kidney stones;
• osteoporosis, poliomyelitis;
• state of immunodeficiency;
• the period before the introduction of the vaccine and after vaccination;
• myasthenia gravis;
• acute mental conditions;
• focus of infection in the joint;
• tissue necrosis;
• previous arthroplasty;
• increased bleeding;
• joint instability, osteoarthritis.

The ointment form of the drug should not be used for skin lesions, if the pathogens are fungi, bacteria, skin tuberculosis and syphilis, a tumor process, the presence of acne.

Drops should not be prescribed for purulent, viral or fungal eye infections, corneal damage, including after removal foreign object, glaucoma, tuberculosis of the eye.

A common contraindication to the use of a hormonal agent is the period of pregnancy and lactation. The appointment of Prednisolone during pregnancy is permissible only for health reasons, since the drug exhibits a teratogenic effect. Active substances the drug can pass into breast milk. So, breast-feeding for the duration of treatment is stopped, the child is transferred to artificial mixtures.

Side effects

Like most hormonal drugs, Prednisolone can cause serious side effects:

• Cardiovascular and hematopoietic system- increased blood pressure, problems with blood clotting, thrombosis. The appearance of arrhythmia, bradycardia (up to cardiac arrest), weakness, fatigue is noted.
• Metabolism- increased blood sugar levels, swelling due to water and sodium retention, a decrease in potassium, weight gain.
• Endocrine system- developmental and growth retardation in children, adrenal insufficiency, Cushing's syndrome, exacerbation diabetes, .
• Digestive system- Nausea, bouts of vomiting, flatulence, hiccups, loss of appetite. In rare cases, erosive and ulcerative processes, gastrointestinal bleeding, and pancreatitis develop.
• Nervous system- high intracranial pressure, migraine, dizziness, blurred vision, excessive sweating. In severe cases - insomnia, disorientation in space, convulsions, hallucinations, manifestations of manic-depressive psychosis.
• Skin- slow healing of lesions, thinning and atrophy of the skin, erythema, pigmentation changes, abscess, acne. At allergic reactions- manifestations of dermatitis, rashes on the skin, hyperemia. In severe cases, anaphylactic shock.

The use of the ointment can provoke a burning sensation, itching, irritation, excessive dryness and atrophy of the skin, cause excessive hair growth.

The use of eye drops may be accompanied by side effects such as increased intraocular pressure, damage optic nerve, decreased visual acuity and narrowing of the visual fields, pain in the eyes, an increased risk of corneal perforation and the addition of viral and fungal infections.

Analogues

Structural analogs of Prednisolone according to active substance are the following drugs:

• Medopred;
• Prednisolone Nycomed;
• Prednislon Ferein;
• Salt-Decortin.

Good to know

The decision to replace Prednisolone with analogues is made by the attending physician.

Price

The average prices for Prednisolone in pharmacies are as follows:

1. Tablets Prednisolone 5mg (100 pcs.) - from 120 rubles;
2. Prednisolone in ampoules (25 pcs) - from 280 rubles;
3. Prednisolone ointment (10g) - from 35 rubles
4. Eye drops (10 ml) - from 60 rubles.

Other corticosteroid drugs>>

Price

Average price online* 37 rub. (pack of 3 ampoules)

Where can I buy:

• apteka-ifk.ru

Instructions for use

Prednisolone (Prednisolonum) is a synthetic drug belonging to the group of glucocorticosteroids.

Available in several dosage forms: ointment, tablets and injections.

Anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive agent, superior in activity to cortisone and hydrocortisone by 3-4 times. Analogues are: decortin, medopred, inflanefran, prednisol, prelnihexal.

Prednisolone for injection is a colorless (or yellowish) water-soluble substance.

Produced in ampoules sealed in cardboard boxes of 3,5,6,10 and 20 pieces (30 mg prednisolone sodium phosphate / 1 ml solution for injection).

Application

drug for intravenous or intramuscular injection, refers primarily to the means emergency care applied in the following cases:

• with severe allergic reactions (Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock, an attack of bronchial asthma);
• with acute renal and hepatic insufficiency that developed in the postoperative or postpartum period;
• with severe rheumatic fever;
• state of shock (cardiogenic, burn, traumatic shock);
• with cerebral edema;
• with acute hepatitis;
• in acute adrenal insufficiency
• in case of poisoning with aggressive liquids that cause mucosal burns.

For a complete list of indications for prednisolone, click here.

Except emergency assistance, the drug is used in complex therapy in the treatment of malignant tumor processes, autoimmune, chronic pulmonary and dermatological diseases.

Indications for the use of prednisolone are also some cardiac pathologies, in particular, exudative pericarditis and rheumatoid myocarditis, as well as a decrease in threshold excitation in patients with an implanted pacemaker.

The drug is used in hematology - in the treatment of leukemia, anemia, MDS, pathologies associated with dysfunctions bone marrow.

With a correctly calculated dosage, prescribed by a specialist, taking into account indications and health status, the drug will not cause serious complications. Remember that absolutely all drugs (including those of natural origin) have side effects that are much more serious than those that cause corticosteroids. Therefore, you should take prednisolone (medopred) exactly according to the scheme that the attending physician compiled.

Dosage

The dosage and duration of the treatment course is prescribed individually.

Standard dosage for adults:

at the beginning of treatment, depending on the severity of the disease, 25-100 mg / day,

subsequently 25-50 mg / day.

In severe cases, the dose may be increased.

Children 6-12 years old in / in or / m 25 mg / day,

from 12 years old- 25-50 mg / day.

The treatment regimen indicated below is generalized, since it does not take into account the patient's state of health and the presence of relative contraindications:

with acute adrenal insufficiency- from 100 mg to 200 mg once, for 3-14 days;

in the treatment of bronchial asthma- from 75 mg to 675 mg per course of treatment (from 3 to 16 days);

in shock conditions accompanied by a drop in blood pressure, bolus is injected 50-150 mg, in severe cases, the dose is increased to 400 mg (maximum daily dose is 1000 mg);

with complications after surgery and acute poisoning , the drug is administered at 25-75 mg per day (in severe cases, increase to 300-1500 mg per day).

at rheumatoid arthritis shown from 75 -125 mg per day with a course of treatment for 10 days;

with severe hepatitis prescribe 75-100 mg per day with a course of treatment designed for 7-10 days;

with internal burns respiratory and digestive organs from 75 to 400 mg per day for 5-18 days.

If the drug cannot be administered intravenously, intramuscular injections are prescribed. After stabilization of the condition, prednisolone is prescribed in capsules (tablets) with a gradual dose reduction.

There is still intra-articular injection, but it is carried out only by a doctor, dosages are selected only individually for each patient.

Contraindications

In emergency (shock) conditions, prednisone is administered without taking into account contraindications, as a means of emergency care.

Do not use the drug in therapeutic courses for severe arterial hypertension, gastric ulcer and duodenum, reflux disease, osteoporosis, Cushing's disease.

Contraindications are infections such as chickenpox, herpes, herpes zoster, as well as active tuberculosis, pregnancy (first trimester, in particular), lactation.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Like all corticosteroids, prednisone is FDA Category C.

This means that adequate and well-controlled studies of the safety of use in pregnant women have not been conducted. The drug crosses the placenta. There are proven teratogenic effects, it is possible to develop adrenal insufficiency in the fetus and newborn.

Unfortunately, in some situations, corticosteroids have to be used to save the expectant mother. The decision on their appointment should be made by the doctor, informing the patient.

Corticosteroids pass into breast milk and can suppress growth, produce their own hormones, and cause unwanted effects in the newborn.

Alcohol compatibility

Alcohol in combination with prednisolone increases the risk of developing peptic ulcer and bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract.

Side effects

Weight gain, potassium deficiency (hypokalemia), growth retardation in children, Cushing's syndrome (moon face), increased blood pressure, thrombosis, muscle atrophy, thinning of the skin, impaired digestion, nausea.

From the side nervous system manifestations such as depression, hallucinations, decreased visual acuity, general weakness, headache are possible.

The above symptoms are possible, but they do not appear in every case. In general, the drug is well tolerated by patients, even with prolonged use.

special instructions

The drug is not recommended to be taken simultaneously with salicylates, barbiturates, diuretics, cardiac glycosides. When taking medication, it is necessary to monitor blood pressure, donate blood for sugar content, examine feces for occult blood, do an x-ray (for arthritis and bursitis).

Pharmacokinetics

With intravenous administration of prednisolone, the effect occurs instantly, a little slower - with intramuscular injections. The drug binds to plasma proteins (globulins and albumins), is metabolized in the liver (mainly) and in the kidneys. The duration of exposure is 24-36 hours.

Terms of sale

The drug is dispensed by prescription.

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Indications for use

Pills

• Rheumatic fevers, arthritis, nodular periarteritis;
• systemic scleroderma, dermatomyositis, nephrosis;
• an attack of bronchial asthma, sluggish allergies, eczema;
• acute allergic reaction, agranulocytosis, hypoglycemia, leukemia;
• hemolytic anemia, pemphigus, psoriasis, erythroderma.

injections

Appointed in a serious condition of the patient, requiring the provision of emergency measures. The injection is carried out intramuscularly in the following conditions:

• any kind of shock;
• acute development of allergy with laryngeal edema, anaphylactic and collaptoid condition;

• cerebral edema, complicated asthmatic attack;
• acute adrenal insufficiency, thyrotoxic crisis;
• hepatic coma, different kinds intoxications.

External hormonal preparations

• Appointed in case of development of severe skin diseases;
• the use of prednisolone ointment for the eyes is widespread for the treatment of many ophthalmic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, blepharitis, inflammation of the sclera, cornea, etc.);
• in addition, the ointment is actively used in case of traumatic eye damage, as well as after surgery on the cornea, etc.

Contraindications

The following manifestations can serve as contraindications to the use of prednisolone:

• individual susceptibility to the drug and its components;
• vaccination and active form of tuberculosis;
• viral diseases, generalized mycosis;
• peptic ulcer in the acute stage and erosive gastritis;
• herpes, diabetes, insufficient kidney function;
• glaucoma;
• severe arterial hypertension, predisposition to thromboembolism.

It should be noted that prednisolone should be used very carefully during pregnancy, as it can cross the placenta, affecting the baby. The dosage for pregnant women should be selected individually and only by the attending physician. Prednisolone is used only when inaction can be more harmful than the therapeutic effect of the use of a hormonal agent.

Side effects

Taking the drug may be accompanied by the following side effects:

• the development of hyperglycemia, up to the appearance of steroid forms of diabetes;
• atrophic depletion of the adrenal cortex, increased acidity in the stomach;
• increased formation of potassium, accumulation of sodium, accompanied by fluid retention in the body, the development of edema;
• imbalance of nitrogen in the blood, hypertension;
• increased blood clotting, osteoporosis, necrotic changes in bone tissue;
• development of steroid cataracts, latent glaucoma;

• a disorder of the psychological state, a decrease in immunity, which leads to a decrease in the body's resistance;
• slowly healing wounds, telangiectasias, purpura;
• dry skin, itching, irritation of the skin;
• prolonged use of prednisolone can provoke a resorptive effect.

It should be noted that topical application hormonal agent may be accompanied by a slight burning sensation.

Instruction

Prednisolone is available in the following dosage forms:

• Eye suspensions;
• Ointments;

• Pills;
• Solution and suspension for injection.

Pills

This form of the drug is intended for internal use. The tablet should be washed down with boiled water, without chewing.

• The recommended dose for adults is 20-30 mg per day with a gradual decrease to 5-10 mg of the drug;
• the initial dose for children is no more than 2 mg (per 1 kilogram of the child's weight) during the day, previously divided into 4-6 doses;
• the maintenance therapeutic dose is from 300 to 600 mcg per 1 kg. during the day.

Termination of therapeutic treatment should be carried out gradually, reducing the dosage.

Injection solutions

Prednisolone is allowed to be injected intravenously only in case of antishock therapy!

• Adults - 1 to 3 ml (30 to 90 mg) very slowly or in a drip;
• with the development of a critical condition, the dosage of the drug can be increased from 150 to 300 mg.

In the absence of emergency indications, the drug is administered intramuscularly:

• Children from two months to 1 year - from 2 to 3 mg / kg of body weight;
• From 1 year to 14 years - up to 2 mg / kg of weight.

Re-introduction is possible after half an hour. The drug is not diluted with any injection solutions.

Eye drops

• One - 2 drops in each eye 3 times a day.

Ointment

It is recommended to apply the ointment from one to three times a day on the damaged area of ​​​​the body with a very thin layer. When limited foci lesion, it is necessary to apply an occlusive dressing to obtain the best effect. The treatment course of prednisolone should be no more than three weeks.

It is important to note that any form of release of a hormonal drug (tablet, solution for infections, dry substances for injection, ointment and eye drops) are included in the list of vital medicines.

special instructions

Prednisolone is used very carefully in patients with a history of psychosis, as well as non-specific infections, with simultaneous chemotherapy and antibiotic therapy.

The presence of diabetes in a patient suggests the use of prednisolone only in the case of absolute indications.

The latent course of tuberculosis involves the use of this drug in conjunction with anti-tuberculosis therapy.

When performing therapeutic measures using prednisolone, it is necessary to control blood pressure, glucose level, water-electrolyte balance.

It should be borne in mind that at the end of treatment, a withdrawal syndrome and a short-term exacerbation of allergic manifestations are possible, disappearing after a short time.

Analogues

Drugs that share a common structure with prednisolone are:

• Medopred, Desamed, Dexamethasone;
• Maxidex, Diprospan, Betamethasone;

• Hydrocortisone, Kenalog, Flosteron.

These drugs are prescribed for similar pathologies and have a similar pharmacological effect.

allergiyanet.ru

Name: Prednisolone

Name: Prednisolone (Prednisolonum)

Indications for use:
collagenoses ( common name diseases characterized by diffuse lesions of the connective tissue and blood vessels), rheumatism, infectious non-specific polyarthritis (inflammation of several joints), bronchial asthma, acute lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia (a malignant blood tumor arising from the hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow), Infectious mononucleosis(acute infectious disease occurring with fever, enlarged palatine lymph nodes, liver), neurodermatitis (skin disease caused by dysfunction of the central nervous disease), eczema (neuroallergic skin disease characterized by weeping, itchy inflammation) and other skin diseases, various allergic diseases, Addison's disease (decrease in adrenal function), acute adrenal insufficiency, hemolytic anemia (decrease in hemoglobin in the blood due to increased breakdown of red blood cells), glomerulonephritis (kidney disease), acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas); shock and collapse (a sharp drop in blood pressure) during surgical interventions; to suppress the rejection reaction during homotransplantation (transplantation from one person to another) of organs and tissues.
Allergic, chronic and atypical conjunctivitis (inflammation outer shell eyes) and blepharitis (inflammation of the edges of the eyelids); inflammation of the cornea with intact mucosa; acute and chronic inflammation anterior segment choroid, sclera (opaque part of the fibrous membrane eyeball) and episclera (the outer loose layer of the sclera, in which blood vessels pass); sympathetic inflammation of the eyeball (inflammation of the anterior part of the choroid of the eye due to a penetrating injury to the other eye); as a result of injuries and operations with prolonged irritation of the eyeballs.

Pharmachologic effect:
Prednisolone is a synthetic analogue of the hormones cortisone and hydrocortisone secreted by the adrenal cortex. Prednisolone is 4-5 times more potent than cortisone and 3-4 times more potent than hydrocortisone when taken orally. Unlike cortisone and hydrocortisone, prednisolone does not cause a noticeable retention of sodium and water and only slightly increases potassium excretion.
The drug has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-exudative, anti-shock, anti-toxic effect.
The anti-inflammatory effect of prednisolone is achieved mainly with the participation of cytosolic glucocorticosteroid receptors. The hormone-receptor complex, penetrating into the nucleus of the target cell of the skin (keratinocytes, fibroblasts, lymphocytes), enhances the expression of genes encoding the synthesis of lipocortins, which inhibit phospholipase A2 and reduce the synthesis of arachidonic acid metabolism products of cyclic endoperoxides, prostaglandins and thromboxane. The antiproliferative effect of prednisolone is associated with inhibition of the synthesis of nucleic acids (primarily DNA) in the cells of the basal layer of the epidermis and fibroblasts of the dermis. The antiallergic effect of the product is due to a decrease in the number of basophils, direct inhibition of the synthesis and secretion of biologically active substances.

Pharmacokinetics.
When taken orally, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum plasma concentration is reached after 90 minutes. after acceptance. In plasma, 90% of prednisolone is in a bound form (with transcortin and albumin). Biotransformirovatsya by oxidation mainly in the liver; oxidized forms are glucuronidated or sulfated. Excreted in urine and feces as metabolites, partly unchanged. It crosses the placental barrier and is found in small amounts in breast milk.

Prednisolone method of administration and dose:
The dose is set individually. In acute conditions and as an introductory dose, 20-30 mg per day (4-6 tablets) is usually used. The maintenance dose is 5-10 mg per day (1-2 tablets). In some diseases (nephrosis - kidney disease, characterized by damage to the renal tubules with the development of edema and the appearance of protein in the urine /, some rheumatic diseases) are prescribed in higher doses. Treatment is stopped slowly, gradually reducing the dose. If there are indications of psychosis in the anamnesis (medical history), large doses are prescribed under the strict supervision of a physician. The dose for babies is usually 1-2 mg per kg of body weight per day in 4-6 doses. When prescribing prednisolone, it is necessary to take into account the daily secretory rhythm of glucocorticoids (the rhythm of the release of hormones of the adrenal cortex): in the morning, large doses are prescribed, in the afternoon - medium, in the evening - small.
In shock, 30-90 mg of prednisolone is administered intravenously slowly or drip.
For other indications, prednisolone is prescribed at a dose of 30-45 mg intravenously slowly. If intravenous infusion is difficult, then the product can be injected deep into the muscle. According to indications, prednisolone is administered repeatedly at a dose of 30-60 mg, intravenously or intramuscularly. After cupping (withdrawal) acute condition appoint prednisolone inside in tablets, gradually reducing the dose.
In babies, prednisolone is used at the rate of: at the age of 2-12 months - 2-3 mg / kg; 1-14 years - 1-2 mg / kg intravenously slowly (for 3 minutes). If necessary, the product can be re-introduced after 20-30 minutes.
The drug in the form of a suspension for injection and solution for injection is intended for intra-articular, intramuscular and infiltration (tissue impregnation) administration with strict observance of asepsis (sterility). For intra-articular injection, it is recommended to administer 10 mg into small joints, 25 mg or 50 mg into large joints. The injection may be repeated more than once. After several injections, the severity of the therapeutic effect should be assessed. In case of insufficient severity, consider increasing the dose. After removing the needle from the articular joint, the patient must move the joint several times, bending and unbending it, for better distribution of the hormone. With infiltration administration into small affected parts of the body - 25 mg, into larger ones - 50 mg.
The eye suspension is instilled into the conjunctival sac (the cavity between the posterior surface of the eyelids and the anterior surface of the eyeball), 1-2 drops 3 times every day. The course of treatment is no more than 14 days.
It is recommended to regularly monitor blood pressure, conduct urine and stool tests, measure blood sugar levels, administer anabolic hormonal products, antibiotics. You should especially carefully monitor the electrolyte (ionic) balance with the combined use of prednisolone with diuretics. With prolonged treatment with prednisolone, in order to prevent hypokalemia (decrease in the level of potassium in the blood), it is necessary to prescribe potassium products and an appropriate diet. To reduce the risk of catabolism (tissue breakdown) and osteoporosis (malnutrition of bone tissue, accompanied by an increase in its fragility), methandrostenolone is used.

Prednisolone contraindications:
severe forms hypertension(persistent rise in blood pressure), diabetes mellitus and Itsenko-Cushing's disease; pregnancy, stage III circulatory failure, acute endocarditis (inflammation of the internal cavities of the heart), psychosis, nephritis (kidney inflammation), osteoporosis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, recent surgery, syphilis, active form of tuberculosis, old age.
Prednisolone is prescribed in diabetes mellitus with caution and only for absolute indications or for the treatment of insulin resistance (lack of response and insulin administration) associated with an increased titer of anti-insulin antibodies. In infectious diseases and tuberculosis, the product should only be used in combination with antibiotics or drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis.

Drug interaction:
If prednisolone is prescribed against the background of antidiabetic or anticoagulant agents, then their dose must be adjusted.
Caution should be exercised when prednisone and barbiturates are used concomitantly in patients with Addison's disease.
During pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, prednisolone should be prescribed with extreme caution.

Overdose:
Reports of acute toxic effects or death from glucocorticoid overdose are rare. In cases of overdose, there are no specific antidotes. Symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Prednisolone side effects:
With prolonged use, obesity, hirsutism (excessive hair growth in women, manifested by the growth of beards, mustaches, etc.), acne, impaired menstrual cycle, osteoporosis, Itsenko-Cushing's symptom complex (obesity, accompanied by a decrease in sexual function, an increase in bone fragility due to increased release of adrenocorticotropic hormone from the pituitary gland), ulceration of the digestive tract, perforation of an unrecognized ulcer (the occurrence of a through defect in the wall of the stomach or intestine at the site of an ulcer), hemorrhagic pancreatitis (inflammation pancreas, flowing with hemorrhage in her body), hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar), decreased resistance to infections, increased blood clotting, mental disorders. When treatment is stopped, especially for a long time, a withdrawal syndrome may occur ( sharp deterioration condition of the patient after stopping the drug), adrenal insufficiency, exacerbation of the disease, for which prednisolone was prescribed.

Release form:
Tablets containing 0.001; 0.005; 0.02 or 0.05 g of prednisolone in a pack of 100 pcs. Ampoules of 25 and 30 mg in 1 ml in a pack of 3 pcs. Ampoules with 1 ml suspension for injection containing prednisolone 25 or 50 mg, in a pack of 5, 10, 50, 100 and 1000 pcs. 0.5% ointment in tubes of 10 g. 0.5% eye suspension in a pack of 10 ml.

Synonyms:
Antizolon, Codelcorton, Cordex, Dacortin, Decortin N, Dihydrocortisol, Delta-Cortef, Deltacortil, Deltastab, Deltidrozol, Deltisilon, Gostacortin N, Gideltra, Hydrocortancil, Mecortolon, Metacortalone, Metacortandrolone, Melicortelone, Nisolone, Paracortol, Precortalone, Prednelan, Prenolon, Steran, Sgerolone, Ultracorten N, Tednisol, Sherizolone, Prednisolone-Darnitsa (Prednisolonum-darnitsa).

Storage conditions:
List B. In a dark place.
Conditions of leave - according to the recipe.

Prednisone composition:
International and chemical names: Prednisolonum; (pregnadiene-1,4-triol-11,17,21-dione-3,20(or α-dehydrocortisone);
main physicochemical characteristics: pills white color;
composition: 1 tablet contains 0.005 g of prednisolone;
excipients: milk sugar, potato starch, calcium stearate.

Additionally:
Manufacturers:
CJSC “Pharmaceutical firm “Darnitsa”, Kyiv, Ukraine;
RUE BelMedPreparaty, Minsk, Belarus;
Gedeon Richter, Hungary.

Attention!
Before using the medication "Prednisolone" you need to consult a doctor.
The instructions are provided solely for familiarization with " Prednisolone».

medprep.info

Compound

Active substance: prednisoloni;

Additional substances:

1. calcium stearate;
2. potato starch;
3. lactose;
4. gelatin;
5. sucrose.

Medical forms:

1. eye suspension;
2. ointment;
3. solutions and suspensions for injection;
4. pills.

Mechanism of action

The antiallergic effect is manifested:

• suppression of release of mediators of an allergy of immediate type;
• a decrease in the level of basophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and an increase in platelets, erythrocytes;
• weakening allergies by removing them from a state of shock, improves the functioning of the central nervous system, cleanses the body of toxins, and reduces the release of hormones;
• by reducing the permeability of capillaries (small blood vessels), by reducing the number of basophils, this helps to reduce itching, swelling, present in all allergies;
• suppresses the excessive manifestation of the immune system, which leads to the development of allergic reactions.

Application methods

Inside: pills.

Injections: i / m (intramuscular), i / v (intravenous - slim, drip), i / s (intra-articular) - solution, suspension of the drug for injection.

Local: eye suspensions, ointments.

How to take prednisone for allergies

in emergency conditions (stages I-II of shock), in order to relieve an attack, adults are administered up to 300 mg intravenously.

Approximate intravenous doses for children:

1. newborns - 2-3 mg / kg;
2. preschool age - 1-2 mg per kg;
3. school - 1-2 mg / kg.

It is useful to use ointments for eczema, psoriasis, atypical dermatitis, seborrhea.

Dosage

Tableting form (taken orally, without chewing, washed down):

• adults it is recommended to take from 20 to 30 mg / day, with the transition to 5-10 mg.
• the initial dose for children should not exceed 1-2 mg / kg / day (for 4-6 doses), maintenance - 300-600 mcg / kg per day.

Stop therapeutic treatment - consistently lowering the dose of the drug.

Injectable solutions for shock are administered:

• adults: 30-90 mg (1-3 ml) intravenously slowly or drip. 150-300 mg in critical conditions. If intravenous administration is not possible, intramuscular injection is done.
• children: 2-12 months - 2-3 mg / kg, 1-14 years - 1-2 mg / kg IV slowly. After 20 - 30 minutes, you can repeat the dose.

Prednisolone should not be diluted in any injection solutions.

Eye drops: apply 3 rubles / day, instilling 1-2 drops.

Ointment apply 1-3 r. / day, a thin layer on the damaged areas of the skin. On limited foci, occlusive dressings are applied to improve the effect.

A course of treatment- two to three weeks at the most.

Indications

Contraindications

• individual hypersensitivity to the drug;
• vaccination period;
• tuberculosis (active phase);
• viral infections;
• generalized mycoses;
• herpetic diseases;
• exacerbation of peptic ulcer;
• diabetes mellitus (DM);
• kidney failure;
• severe form of arterial hypertension;
• tendency to thromboembolism;
• glaucoma;
• Itsenko-Cushing's disease;
• pregnancy, etc.

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By-effect

• immune suppression;
• growth retardation in children;
• menstrual disorder;
• hypotension, hypertension;
• anaphylactic reactions with circulatory collapse, rhythm disturbance and cardiac arrest;
• posterior subcapillary cataract, exophthalmos;
• steroid ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, bleeding and perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreatitis;
• hypokalemia alkalosis;
• steroid myopathy, osteoporosis, abnormal fractures, femoral and shoulder heads bones;
• delirium, psychosis, euphoria, depression, seizures.

Pros and cons of prescribing to children and pregnant women

It is not advisable to use prednisolone for pregnant women.

An exception is made - if the benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus (mainly in the first trimester of pregnancy).

The doctor must explain to the woman the indications before prescribing the drug, likely effect, possible risks for the fetus, which can happen.

Treatment with the drug is carried out only with the consent of the pregnant woman.

The drug is endowed with the ability to penetrate into breast milk, so it is not recommended to use it during breastfeeding.

Children need to be treated under the supervision of a doctor who:

• determines the appropriateness of the appointment;
• selects the duration of therapy;
• doses depending on the age category, the severity of the disease.

The drug is best used for a short time and in minimal doses, as it can provoke a slowdown in the growth of the child.

The benefit of treatment must outweigh the risk of side effects.

When using the drug, it is necessary to monitor the development and growth of children.

Learn the composition of Claritin tablets here.

allergycentr.ru

Compound

Compound Prednisolone in ampoules: active substance at a concentration of 30 mg / ml, as well as sodium pyrosulfite (additive E223), disodium edetate, nicotinamide, sodium hydroxide, water for injections.

Compound prednisolone tablets: active substance 1 or 5 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, starch (potato and corn), talc, lactose monohydrate.

Prednisone ointment contains 0.05 g of active substance, soft white paraffin, glycerin, stearic acid, methyl and propyl parahydroxybenzoate, Cremophor A25 and A6, purified water.

Release form

• Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 30 mg/ml 1 ml; 15 mg/ml 2 ml.
• Tablets 1 and 5 mg.
• Ointment for external therapy 0.5% (ATC code - D07AA03).
• Eye drops 0.5% (ATX code - S01BA04).

pharmachologic effect

Pharmacological group: Corticosteroids (drug group - I, which means that prednisolone is a GCS of weak activity).

Prednisolone - hormonal or not?

Prednisolone is hormonal drug for local and systemic use of medium duration.

It is a dehydrated analog of the hormone produced by the adrenal cortex hydrocortisone . Its activity is four times higher than the activity of hydrocortisone.

Prevents development allergic reaction (in case the reaction has already begun, stops it), inhibits activity immune system , relieves inflammation, increases the sensitivity of β2-adrenergic receptors to endogenous catecholamines, has an anti-shock effect.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Pharmacodynamics: Prednisolone - what is it?

The mechanism of action of Prednisolone is associated with its ability to interact with certain intracellular (cytoplasmic) receptors. These receptors are found in all tissues of the body, but most of them are in the liver.

As a result of this interaction, inducing protein synthesis is formed (including enzymes , which regulate vital intracellular processes) complexes.

It acts at all stages of the development of the inflammatory process: it inhibits the synthesis of Pg at the level of arachidonic acid, and also prevents the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines - IFN-β and IFN-γ, IL-1, TNF, neopterin; increases the resistance of plasma membranes to the effects of damaging factors.

Affects the metabolism of lipids and proteins, as well as - to a lesser extent - the exchange of water and electrolytes.

Immunosuppressive effect realized due to the ability of the drug to cause involution of lymphoid tissue , oppress proliferation of lymphocytes , B-cell migration, and interaction B and T lymphocytes , inhibit the release of IFN-γ, IL-1 and IL-2 from macrophages and lymphocytes , reduce education antibodies .

Braking allergic reaction carried out by reducing the secretion and synthesis of mediators allergies , reducing the number of circulating basophilic leukocytes , release suppression histamine from sensitized mast cells and basophilic leukocytes , suppression of development connective and lymphoid tissue , reducing the number of mast cells, B and T lymphocytes , reducing the sensitivity of T-effectors to mediators allergies , suppression of education antibodies , changes in the immune response.

Inhibits synthesis and secretion corticotropin and - secondarily - endogenous corticosteroids.

When applied externally, it relieves inflammation, inhibits the development allergic reaction relieves itching and inflammation, reduces exudation , inhibits activity immune system in relation to type III-IV hypersensitivity reactions.

Pharmacokinetics

After taking the tablet, it is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. TSmax - from 60 to 90 minutes. Up to 90% of the dose of prednisolone is bound to plasma proteins.

The substance undergoes biotransformation in the liver. From 80 to 90% of the metabolic products are excreted in the urine and bile, about 20% of the dose is eliminated in its pure form. T1 / 2 - from 2 to 4 hours.

Indications for the use of Prednisolone

What are the tablets and solution for injections from?

Systemic use is advisable for:

• allergic diseases (including when food allergies or medical , toxicoderma , serum sickness , atopic/contact dermatitis , hay fever , allergic rhinitis , hives , Stevens-Johnson syndrome , angioedema );
• chorea minor , rheumatic fever , rheumatic heart disease ;
• acute and chronic diseases that are accompanied by inflammation in the joints and periarticular tissue ( synovitis , nonspecific tendosynovitis , seronegative spondyloarthritis , epicondylitis , osteoarthritis (including post-traumatic), etc.);
• diffuse connective tissue diseases ;
• multiple sclerosis ;
• status asthmaticus and BA;
• lung cancer (the drug is prescribed in combination with cytostatics);
• interstitial diseases of the lung tissue ( fibrosis , acute alveolitis , sarcoidosis etc.);
• eosinophilic and aspiration pneumonia , tuberculous meningitis , pulmonary tuberculosis (as an adjunct to specific therapy);
• primary and secondary hypocorticism (including after adrenalectomy );
• congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) or dysfunction of their cortex ;
• granulomatous thyroiditis ;
• autoimmune diseases ;
• hepatitis ;
• inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract ;
• hypoglycemic conditions ;
• nephrotic syndrome ;
• diseases of the hematopoietic organs and blood ( leukemia , anemia and loss-related hemostasis systems diseases);
• cerebral edema (post-radiation, developing with a tumor, after surgical intervention or trauma; in the annotation and Vidal's reference book it is indicated that with cerebral edema, treatment begins with parenteral forms of the drug);
• autoimmune and other skin diseases (including Duhring's disease , psoriasis , eczema , pemphigus , Lyell's syndrome , exfoliative dermatitis );
• eye diseases (including autoimmune and allergic; including uveitis , allergic ulcerative keratitis ,allergic conjunctivitis , sympathetic ophthalmia , choroiditis , iridocyclitis , nonpurulent keratitis etc.);
• developing against the background oncological diseases hypercalcemia .

Indications for the use of injections are emergency conditions e.g. acute attack food allergies or . After several days of parenteral use, the patient is usually transferred to the tablet form of Prednisolone.

Indications for the use of tablets are chronic and severe pathologies (for example, bronchial asthma ).

Also, Prednisolone solution and tablets are used to prevent transplant rejection and relieve nausea / vomiting in those receiving cytostatics patients.

Ointment Prednisolone: ​​for what and when is the external use of the drug indicated?

As an external agent, prednisolone is used for allergies and for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases of non-microbial etiology. Indications for the use of ointment:

• limited neurodermatitis ;
• dermatitis (contact, allergic and atopic);
• discoid lupus erythematosus ;
• psoriasis ;
• eczema ;
• erythroderma ;
• toxicoderma ;
• hives .

Prednisolone: ​​what are eye drops prescribed for?

Drops in the eyes are prescribed to relieve inflammation of a non-infectious nature that affects the anterior segment of the eye, as well as inflammation that develops after an eye injury or ophthalmic surgery.

Local application of Prednisolone is justified in the following eye diseases:

• iridocyclitis ;
• uveitis ;
• iritis ;
• allergic conjunctivitis ;
• keratitis (in particular, discoid and parenchymal ; in cases where the epithelial tissue of the cornea is not damaged);
• sclerite ;
• episcleritis ;
• blepharitis ;
• blepharoconjunctivitis ;
• sympathetic ophthalmia.

Contraindications

If it is necessary to use the drug systemically for health reasons, only intolerance to one or more of their constituent components can be a contraindication.

Patients with severe infectious diseases tablets and injections of Prednisolone are prescribed only against the background of specific therapy.

Contraindications to intraarticular administration of the drug are:

• pathological bleeding (due to the use anticoagulants or endogenous );
• pyogenic arthritis and periarticular infections (including history);
• transarticular bone fracture ;
• systemic infections ;
• “dry” joint (lack of signs of inflammation in the joint: for example, with osteoarthritis no signs of inflammation synovium );
• pronounced deformity of the joint , bone destruction or periarticular osteoporosis ;
• developed against the background arthritis joint instability;
• aseptic necrosis of the epiphyses of bones that form the joint;
• pregnancy.

Prednisone should not be used on the skin if:

• mycoses, viral and bacterial skin lesions ;
• skin manifestations syphilis ;
• skin tumors ;
• tuberculosis ;
• acne (particularly for rosacea and acne vulgaris);
• pregnancy.

Eye drops are not prescribed to patients with fungal and viral eye infections , impaired integrity of the corneal epithelium, with trachoma , acute purulent and viral conjunctivitis , purulent infection century and mucous membrane , purulent corneal ulcer ,eye tuberculosis , as well as in conditions that have developed after the removal of a foreign object from the cornea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe eye.

Side effects of prednisolone

The frequency of development and severity of side effects of Prednisolone is influenced by the dose used, duration, method, as well as the possibility of observing the circadian rhythm of the drug.

Systemic use of the drug can cause:

• fluid retention and Na + in the body, development of nitrogen deficiency , hypokalemic alkalosis , hypokalemia , glycosuria , hyperglycemia , weight gain;
• secondary hypocorticism and hypopituitarism (especially if taking GCS coincides with periods of stress - injuries, surgical operations, diseases, etc.), growth suppression in children, Cushing's syndrome , menstrual disorders, manifestations with diabetes LADA-diabetes , decreased glucose tolerance, increased need for oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin in diabetics;
• increase in blood pressure, CHF (or increase in its severity), hypercoagulation , characteristic for hypokalemia ECG changes thrombosis , distribution necrotic focus and slowing down scar formation with possible rupture of the heart muscle in patients with acute / subacute MI, obliterating endarteritis ;
• steroid myopathy , muscle weakness, aseptic necrosis heads of the humerus and femur, loss of muscle mass, compression fracture of the spine and pathological fractures of tubular bones, osteoporosis ;
• ulcerative esophagitis , flatulence , digestive disorders, vomiting, nausea, increased appetite, development steroid ulcer with possible complications in the form of its perforation and bleeding from a peptic ulcer, pancreatitis ;
• hypo- or hyperpigmentation of the skin, atrophy of the skin and / or subcutaneous tissue , the appearance of acne, atrophic streaks, abscesses , delayed wound healing, ecchymosis , petechiae , thinning of the skin, increased sweating, erythema ;
• mental disorders (possible hallucinations) delirium , euphoria , depression ), brain pseudotumor syndrome (most often develops in children with too rapid dose reduction and manifests itself in the form of decreased visual acuity, headaches, diplopia), sleep disorders, vertigo , dizziness, headache, development cataracts with localization of opacification in the back of the lens, ocular hypertension (there is a possibility optic nerve damage ), steroid exophthalmos , glaucoma , sudden blindness (with the introduction of a solution for and into the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe nasal sinuses, head and neck);
• hypersensitivity reactions (both local and generalized);
• general weakness;
• fainting states.

Skin effects:

• telangiectasia ;
• purpura ;
• steroid acne ;
• burning, irritation, dryness and itching of the skin.

When applied to large surfaces skin and / or with prolonged use of the ointment, systemic effects develop, hypertrichosis , are also possible atrophic changes and secondary infection of the skin .

Treatment with eye drops may be accompanied by ocular hypertension , optic nerve damage , impaired visual acuity/narrowing of visual fields, increased likelihood perforation of the cornea , development cataracts with localization of opacification in the back of the lens. In rare cases it is possible fungal spread or viral eye disease .

Withdrawal symptoms

One of the consequences of the use of GCS can be “ withdrawal syndrome ". Its severity depends on functional state adrenal cortex . In mild cases, after stopping treatment with Prednisolone, malaise, weakness, fatigue, muscle pain, loss of appetite, hyperthermia, exacerbation of the underlying disease are possible.

In severe cases, the patient may develop hypoadrenal crisis accompanied by vomiting convulsions , collapse . Without the introduction of GCS in a short time comes death from acute cardiovascular failure .

Instructions for use Prednisolone (Method and dosage)

Instructions for use of Prednisolone in injections

The solution is administered intravenously, intramuscularly and intraarticularly.

Method of administration and dosage of Prednisolone ( Prednisolone Nycomed , Prednisolone hemisuccinate ) are selected individually by the attending physician, taking into account the type of pathology, the severity of the patient's condition, and the location of the affected organ.

In severe and life-threatening conditions, the patient is prescribed pulse therapy using for short period time of ultra-high doses. Within 3-5 days, 1-2 g of prednisolone is administered daily by intravenous drip infusion. The duration of the procedure is from 30 minutes to 1 hour.

During treatment, the dosage is adjusted depending on the patient's response to therapy.

It is considered optimal to administer prednisolone intravenously. For intra-articular administration, ampoules with Prednisolone are used only in cases where pathological process damaged tissue within the joint.

Positive dynamics is the reason for transferring the patient to tablets or suppositories with prednisolone. Treatment with tablets is continued until a stable remission develops.

If it is impossible to administer IV prednisolone, the drug should be injected deep into the muscle. However, it should be borne in mind that with this method it is absorbed more slowly.

AT human body release adrenal hormones into the bloodstream occurs between 6 and 8:00 am, so injections should also be given at this time. The entire daily dose is usually administered at once. If this is not possible, at least ⅔ of the prescribed dose is administered in the morning, the remaining third should be administered in the afternoon (at about 12:00).

Depending on the pathology, the dose may vary between 30-1200 mg / day. (with subsequent reduction).

Children aged 2 months to 1 year are administered 2 to 3 mg/kg. Dosage for children from one to 14 years old - 1-2 mg / kg (in the form of a slow, lasting 3 minutes, intramuscular injection). If necessary, after 20-30 minutes, the drug is administered again at the same dose.

When defeated large joint it is injected with 25 to 50 mg of prednisolone. In the joints medium size administered from 10 to 25 mg, in small - from 5 to 10 mg.

Tablets Prednisolone: ​​instructions for use

The patient is transferred to taking pills, following the principle of gradual withdrawal of GCS.

In the case of HRT, the patient is prescribed from 20 to 30 mg of prednisolone per day. Maintenance dose - from 5 to 10 mg / day. For certain pathologies, such as nephrotic syndrome - It is advisable to prescribe higher doses.

For children, the starting dose is 1-2 mg / kg / day. (it should be divided into 4-6 doses), maintenance - from 0.3 to 0.6 mg / kg / day. When prescribing, the daily secretory rhythm is taken into account endogenous steroid hormones .

Recommendations regarding the use of drugs from different manufacturers are the same. That is, instructions for pills Nycomed does not differ from the instructions for tablets produced by Biosintez.

Ointment Prednisolone: ​​instructions for use

Ointment is a means of external therapy. It should be applied to the affected areas of the skin in a thin layer from 1 to 3 rubles / day. An occlusive dressing can be applied to limited pathological foci to enhance the effect.

In the case of use in children older than one year of age, the drug should be used as short a course as possible. You should also exclude measures that enhance the absorption and resorption of prednisolone (occlusive, fixing, warming dressings).

Eye drops: instructions for use

Instillations with the drug are carried out 3 rubles / day, instilled into the conjunctival cavity of the affected eye 1-2 drops of solution. In the acute phase of the disease, the instillation procedure can be repeated every 2-4 hours.

For patients who have undergone ophthalmic surgery, drops are prescribed for 3-5 days after surgery.

How long can prednisolone be taken?

Therapy glucocorticosteroids aimed at achieving the maximum effect with the lowest possible doses.

The duration of treatment depends on the diagnosis of the patient and the individual response to treatment. In some cases, the course lasts up to 6 days, with HRT it stretches for months. The duration of external therapy with the use of Prednisolone ointment is usually from 6 to 14 days.

Dosage for animals

The dosage for dogs and cats is selected individually depending on the indications.

So, for example, when infectious peritonitis the cat should be given orally 1 r. / Day. 2-4 mg/kg of prednisolone, with chronic panleukopenia - 2 rubles / day. 2.5 mg.

The standard dosage for a dog is 1 mg/kg 2 r./day. Treatment lasts 14 days. Upon completion of the course, it is necessary to pass tests and undergo an examination by a doctor. When discontinuing the drug, the dose for dogs should be reduced by 25% every 14 days.

Overdose

Overdose is possible with prolonged use of the drug, especially if the patient is prescribed high doses. She appears peripheral edema ,increase in blood pressure , increased side effects.

In case of acute overdose, immediately gastric lavage or emetic should be given to the patient. There is no specific antidote for prednisone. If symptoms of an overdose of a chronic nature appear, it is necessary to reduce the dose used.

Interaction

Interaction with other drugs is noted only with the systemic use of Prednisolone.

Rifampicin , antiepileptic drugs , barbiturates contribute to the acceleration of the metabolism of prednisolone and weaken its effect. The effectiveness of the drug is also reduced in combination with antihistamines .

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, amphotericin B, thiazide diuretics increase the risk of developing severe hypokalemia , sodium-containing agents - increased blood pressure and edema.

In combination with Paracetamol increased risk of hepatotoxic effects, in combination with tricyclic antidepressants it is possible to increase the mental disorders associated with taking prednisolone (including the severity depression ), in combination with immunosuppressants - increased risk of development infections and lymphoproliferative processes .

In combination with ASA, NSAIDs and alcohol, the likelihood of developing peptic ulcer and bleeding from ulcers.

Oral contraceptives means change the pharmacodynamic parameters of prednisolone, thereby enhancing its therapeutic and toxic effects.

Prednisolone weakens anticoagulant effect of anticoagulants , as well as the action insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents .

The use of immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone in combination with live vaccines can provoke viral replication, a decrease in antibody production, and the development of viral diseases. When used with inactivated vaccines increases the risk of reduced antibody production and neurological disorders.

With prolonged use increases the content folic acid , in combination with diuretics may cause electrolyte disturbances.

Terms of sale

To purchase Prednisolone, you must have a prescription for the drug.

Prednisolone prescription in Latin (for intramuscular administration to a child up to a year old):

Rep: Sol. Prednisoloni hydrochloride 3% - 1.0

D.t.d. N 3 in amp.

S. in / m 0.7 ml (in / m - 2 mg / kg / day; in / in - 5 mg / kg / day)

Storage conditions

The ointment retains its properties at a temperature of 5-15°C, tablets and solution for systemic use - at temperatures up to 25°C, eye drops - at a temperature of 15-25°C.

The contents of the opened vial with drops should be used within 28 days.

Shelf life

For ointment, tablets and solution for systemic use - two years, for eye drops - three years.

special instructions

Treatment with Prednisolone should be stopped slowly, gradually reducing the dose.

Patients with a history psychosis , high doses are allowed to be prescribed only under the strict supervision of a physician.

How to "get off" with Prednisolone?

Treatment with prednisolone should be completed gradually. Dose reduction is carried out by reducing the used dose by ⅛ weekly or by taking the last dose every other day and reducing it by ⅕ (this method is faster).

With the fast method, on the day without Prednisolone, the patient is shown stimulation of the adrenal glands with the use of UHF or DKV on their projection, taking ascorbic acid (500 mg / day), administering insulin in increasing doses (starting - 4 units, then for each dose it is increased by 2 units; the highest dose is 16 units).

Insulin the injection should be before breakfast, within 6 hours after the injection, the person should remain under observation.

If Prednisolone is prescribed for bronchial asthma , it is recommended to switch to inhaled steroids . If the indication for use is autoimmune disease - on the soft cytostatics .

Features of the diet when taking Prednisolone

In addition, it is necessary to limit the amount of high-calorie foods high in carbohydrates and fats (their consumption against the background of GCS therapy contributes to an increase in blood glucose levels and rapid weight gain), salt and liquid.

When cooking, you need to use foods that contain potassium salts, calcium and protein (dietary meats, dairy products, fruits, hard cheeses, baked potatoes, prunes, apricots, nuts, zucchini, etc.).

What can replace prednisolone?

Analogues in composition for dosage forms for systemic use: Prednisolone Nycomed (in ampoules), Prednisolone Nycomed in tablets Prednisolone Bufus (solution), Medopred (solution), Prednisol (solution).

Similar drugs with a similar mechanism of action: Betamethasone , Hydrocortisone , Dexazon , Dexamed , Dexamethasone , Kenalog , Lemod , Medrol , Deltason , Metipred , Rektodelt , Triamcinolone , Flosteron .

Ointment analogues: Prednisolone-Ferein , Hydrocortisone .

Analogues of eye drops: Hydrocortisone , Dexamethasone , Dexapos , Maxidex , Oftan Dexamethasone ,Dexoftan , Prenacid , Dexamethasone Long , Ozurdex .

Alcohol compatibility

Alcohol and GCS are incompatible.

prednisone during pregnancy

Pregnancy and lactation are contraindications to the appointment of GCS. The use of these funds is allowed only for health reasons.

Newborns whose mothers received prednisolone during pregnancy due to the likelihood of developing hypocorticism should be under medical supervision.

In animal experiments, it was found drug teratogenicity .

Prednisolone in ampoules, the instructions for use of which indicate that it is a synthetic hormonal drug, reports the possibility of use in case of serious allergy attacks. It has a strong anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect and is therefore widely used in medicine. The introduction of Prednisolone allows you to remove inflammatory processes and also neutralize allergic manifestations.

In appearance, the solution for injection is an almost completely transparent liquid, a yellowish / greenish tint is possible.

The impact of prednisolone on humans

Prednisolone can be administered to the human body only intravenously or intramuscularly.

The anti-inflammatory effect is achieved as follows: the drug releases inflammatory mediators, and also reduces capillary permeability. It also stabilizes the membranes of cells and its components, which increases their resistance to damage. The active effect of the drug extends to all stages during inflammation.

Prednisone injections affect immune system, suppressing it in case of manifested allergic reactions, thereby reducing the negative effect of them. Also, the drug reduces the sensitivity of cells to the allergen, reduces the generation of allergy mediators. As a result, the drug has a full-fledged anti-allergic effect on a person.

Most of the injected solution binds intravenously to blood proteins, and with the help of the liver and / or kidneys is easily and quickly excreted. After two to three hours, most of the drug will already be excreted from the body along with urine and / or bile.

Indications for the use of Prednisolone in ampoules

What is this drug used for? Prednisolone injections are usually used intravenously precisely in cases of emergency situations requiring immediate action. These situations are:

• acute and severe variants of allergic manifestations, anaphylactic shock or anafil. reaction;
• various states of shock, such as: burn and surgical, trauma. or cardiogenic shock;
• cerebral edema;
• severe acute variants of bronchial asthma;
• acute adrenal insufficiency;
• systemic cases of connective tissue disease;
• acute hepatitis;
• thyrotoxic crisis.

Contraindications to the use of the drug

With the introduction of the drug in life-threatening situations, only the individual hypersensitivity of the patient to the components of the drug will be considered the only contraindication.

The dosage of the medicine, as well as the duration of the use of the drug, is prescribed exclusively by the doctor and, of course, individually. The dose, as well as the treatment of the patient, depends on his condition, the severity of the disease being treated.

The drug can be injected into the body intramuscularly or intravenously, by jet. When administering the drug intravenously, you must first enter the drug in a stream.

Dosage of Prednisolone in ampoules in the instructions for use in various situations:

1. Adrenal insufficiency - treatment for three to sixteen days, a daily dose of one hundred to two hundred milligrams.
2. Bronchial asthma. The duration of treatment is also from three to sixteen days, the amount of the drug is determined by the severity of the disease, 75 - 675 milligrams. In very severe cases of asthma, the dose may be increased up to 1400 milligrams, which will need to be gradually reduced over the course of treatment.
3. Asthmatic status - a daily dose of 500 to 1200 milligrams. Gradually, the dose is reduced to 300, and a transition is made to small, maintenance doses.
4. Thyroid crisis. For one injection, no more than 100 milligrams are administered, daily rate- from two hundred to three hundred. In case of urgent need, the amount of medication administered per day can be up to 1000 milligrams. The course of treatment is determined within six days.
5. Shock not treated by standard methods. Then, at the very start of therapy, the drug is administered to the patient only in a jet, and then a dropper. The maximum dose per day is from 300 to 1200 milligrams, a single administration provides no more than 150 (in severe situations, it can be increased to 400 mg).

In other cases, the dosage of Prednisolone and the duration of the course of treatment can only be prescribed by the attending physician.

If the course of treatment is long, then in no case should it be abruptly stopped! The daily dosage must be reduced gradually, reaching a minimum, and only after this administration of the drug can be stopped.

Side effects of prednisone injections

When using the drug, manifestations of such side effects were noted:

1. In the endocrine system, diabetes mellitus (steroid), an increase in blood sugar, a decrease in adrenal function, and inhibition of puberty in children can develop.
2. In the stomach and / or intestines: gastric and duodenal ulcers (steroidal), hiccups, nausea and / or vomiting, bleeding in the stomach and / or intestines, erosive esophagitis, digestive complications.
3. The cardiovascular system. Arrhythmia, development or strengthening of heart failure, hypokalemia are possible, thrombosis and hypercoagulation are also possible.
4. CNS. A certain disorientation, a feeling of euphoria is possible, or vice versa - depression, short hallucinations, paranoia. From physical negative sensations, headache, convulsions, dizziness and insomnia are possible.

In case of an overdose, side effects may increase, and in this case, it is urgent to reduce the dose of the administered drug.

Prednisolone injections for safety reasons should be given to a person separately from other drugs, since side effects may occur if the drugs are incompatible.

Special instructions, precautions when using Prednisolone

During the period of treatment (and especially with more or less prolonged treatment) with the drug, it is highly desirable to undergo observations with an ophthalmologist. You also need to control blood pressure and blood glucose levels, and checking the current water and electrolyte balance will not hurt.

In order to reduce the possibility of side effects, the current level of Potassium in the patient's organs should be increased. Additionally, antacids can be prescribed to a person. The food consumed at the time of the drug should be low-fat, with a minimum content of table salt and a reduced amount of carbohydrates. Food, respectively, should be rich in proteins and, of course, vitamins.

In patients with a disease such as cirrhosis of the liver and / or hypothyroidism, the drug should be used with caution - the effect of Prednisolone in such cases is enhanced.

If there are any mental disorders, the drug is able to further strengthen them, therefore, in such cases, doctors reduce the dose of the administered drug or perform treatment under the highest control.

It is also necessary to exercise caution in the case of myocardial infarction - the drug can provoke the spread of necrosis, and in turn, rupture of the heart muscle.

When emerging stressful situations like surgery or infectious diseases(during the period of maintenance treatment), the body's need for corticosteroids increases, so in such cases it is necessary to further adjust the dosage of prednisolone.

When taking the drug, it is strictly not recommended to make an abrupt stop (especially with prolonged preliminary administration of large doses), as this can begin the development of a withdrawal syndrome (which is accompanied by weakness, muscle pain, nausea and anorexia). Less likely, but perhaps even an increase in the disease, for the treatment of which Prednisolone was intended.

Since Prednisolone suppresses the immune system, thus acting against allergies, it is not necessary to vaccinate during treatment, since the immune system cannot be guaranteed to interact correctly and fully with the vaccine being administered. In this regard, if a patient has tuberculosis, intercurrent infections, bactericidal antibiotics should be additionally used.

When long-term treatment with a drug like Prednisolone is given to a child, such a case you need to carefully monitor the process of its development and of course growth. If the child has been in contact with patients with measles or chickenpox during treatment, it is recommended to prescribe additional immunoglobulins to avoid infection.

If the patient has diabetes mellitus, then during treatment it is necessary to additionally control the amount of glucose in the body. And with strong deviations from the required norm, additional therapy should be urgently carried out.

In patients with latent (not manifesting) infectious diseases kidneys and / or urinary canals, taking Prednisolone can provoke leukocyturia, which should be taken care of when prescribing the drug and additional diagnostics should be carried out.

Pregnancy or breastfeeding

During pregnancy, the drug can be prescribed only in extreme, vital circumstances. This is especially true for the 1st trimester. With too long use of Prednisolone, there are high risks for disrupting the proper growth of the fetus. If the drug is prescribed and used in the third trimester, then there is a possibility of atrophy of the adrenal cortex in a child. This will subsequently require additional replacement therapies in the newborn.

When breastfeeding occurs, it must be understood that the components of the drug tend to penetrate directly into women's milk. Therefore, during the period of using Prednisolone, feeding breast milk it is highly recommended to stop.

The process of treating children with Prednisolone at the time of the growth of glucocorticosteroids should occur only under the very careful supervision of his treating specialist.

In case of problems with the functionality of the kidneys and / or liver, the drug should be used exclusively with great caution - there is a high probability of severe and chronic renal / liver failure.

Dosage form

Tablets 5 mg

Compound

One tablet contains

active substance - prednisolone 5 mg,

excipients: magnesium stearate, talc, corn starch, lactose monohydrate, pregelatinized starch.

Description

Tablets are white, round, flat on both sides with beveled edges, engraved with “PD” and “5.0” and a line between them.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Corticosteroids for systemic use. Glucocorticoids. Prednisolone.

ATX code H02AB06

Pharmacological properties"type="checkbox">

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics

Suction:
Prednisolone when taken orally is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (presence up to 85% of the dose), bioavailability is lower at higher doses. Peak plasma concentrations are reached in about 1-2 hours. However, the maximum biological effect achieved much later (usually not earlier than 4-8 hours).
Food intake slows down the achievement of the maximum concentration of prednisolone in the blood plasma, but does not affect the overall bioavailability.

Distribution:
As a rule, the binding of prednisolone is 90-95%, which mainly occurs with corticosteroid-binding globulin (transcortin), as well as with plasma albumin, when transcortin is saturated.
Only 5-10% of prednisolone is in an unbound form and is biologically active.

Metabolism:
Prednisolone is the main active metabolite of prednisone. Prednisolone is primarily metabolized in the liver; 25% is excreted unchanged through the kidneys.

Elimination:
The biological half-life is 18-36 hours. The plasma half-life is 2-4 hours, which is reduced medicines inducing hepatic enzymes.

Pharmacokinetics in special groups of patients:

In patients with severe liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis), the clearance of prednisolone is lower and the half-life is longer. Free active fraction can increase significantly in patients with liver disease associated with hypoalbuminemia. In patients with severely impaired liver function, bioavailability may also decrease.

Pharmacodynamics:

Prednisolone 5mg tablets is a corticosteroid with glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory, and also mineralocorticoid activity, although to a lesser extent. Like other corticosteroids, Prednisolone Nycomed induces several mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory activity, immunosuppressive properties, and antiproliferative effects. Other mechanisms include effects on carbohydrate metabolism, fat distribution, hematological parameters, calcium excretion, growth, mood, and suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. The threshold dose for the development of Cushing's syndrome is 7.5 mg / day.

1. The anti-inflammatory effect is achieved by reducing the formation and reduced activity of inflammatory mediators (quinine, histamine, liposomal enzymes, prostaglandins and leukotrienes), reducing the initial manifestations of the inflammatory process. Prednisolone reduces cell migration to affected areas, reduces vasodilation and increased vascular permeability in these areas. The vasoconstrictor effect reduces vascular permeability, as a result of which the movement of blood serum through the walls of blood vessels into the intercellular spaces decreases and, as a result, edema and complaints of patients decrease.

2. Immunosuppressive properties reduce the response to delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reactions (types III and IV) by inhibiting toxic antigen-antibody complexes that cause allergic vasculitis in the walls of skin vessels, as well as by inhibiting lymphokines, target cells and macrophages (causing allergic contact dermatitis with joint action).

3. Antiproliferative effects reduce inflammation, expressed by the formation of a crust on the skin, formed as a result of increased multiferative activity of white blood cells - lymphocytes and excessive formation of small capillaries in the superficial skin layer, in dermatological diseases (such as psoriasis).

Indications for use

Pharmacodynamic therapy

Rheumatic diseases, including collagenoses

Allergic diseases (hay fever, bronchial asthma, urticaria, drug allergy)

Respiratory diseases: Chronical bronchitis(prescribed together with antibiotic treatment)

Pulmonary fibrosis, sarcaidosis

Ulcerative ileitis / colitis

Proliferative glomerulonephritis (lipoid nephrosis), nephrotic syndrome

Acute severe dermatoses (pemphigus vulgaris, erythroderma, Lyell's syndrome)

Thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic lymphadenosis with autoimmune phenomenon (hemolytic anemia, thrombopenia)

Tumors (used in combination with chemotherapy)

Replacement therapy

Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) and hypopituitarism (Sheehan's syndrome)

Dosage and administration

When initiating therapy with any corticosteroid, the following guidelines should be considered and observed. The starting dose should be appropriate to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and will depend on the clinical response. Periodically it is necessary to evaluate this dose, since the severity of the underlying disease may change, or complications may develop during therapy. The dose should be gradually reduced to a minimum value, while ensuring and maintaining a satisfactory clinical response to treatment. It may be necessary to increase the dose during long-term therapy or in case of exacerbation of the underlying disease.

If long-term prednisolone therapy (usually more than 3 weeks) is to be discontinued, withdrawal must be gradual and incremental to avoid a "withdrawal syndrome". Abrupt discontinuation of therapy may be fatal. The dose should be reduced over weeks or even months, depending on the size of the dose, the duration of therapy, the underlying disease of the patient and the patient's individual response to treatment. It is unlikely that abrupt withdrawal of treatment with Prednisolone Nycomed for less than 3 weeks will lead to clinically significant suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system in most patients, however, it should be borne in mind that the response to corticosteroids and the tolerability of their withdrawal can vary widely. Thus, it is necessary to consider the issue of gradual dose reduction when discontinuing drugs after short courses or when taking higher doses and in patients with other risk factors for developing adrenocortical insufficiency.

Dosing regimen with a gradual decrease in dose should be selected individually. Most patients tolerate a reduction in the dose of Prednisolone Nycomed by 2.5 mg every 3-7 days until a dose of Prednisolone Nycomed 5-10 mg / day is reached. Higher doses should be reduced gradually over 9-12 months.

When gradually reducing the dose, the evening dose should be skipped first, and then the doses to be taken at noon, after lunch or in the evening, i.e. with such a result that, ultimately, only the morning dose will be taken after 10 days. Long-term intermittent treatment with glucocorticoid therapy (1 dose every other day in the morning) has been shown to be effective due to the lack of suppression of the adrenal cortex.

How to use: taken orally with a small amount of liquid after meals.

Adults: The usual dose ranges from 5 to 60 milligrams/day, depending on the disease being treated. In general, the entire daily dose should be taken in the morning between 6 and 8 o'clock. (Circadian therapy - when prescribing, circadian secretory rhythms should be taken into account).

Doses for special patient groups

Dosage in patients with hypothyroidism: in patients with hypothyroidism, a dose reduction may be required.

Dosage in patients with hepatic impairment: Patients with hepatic impairment are more likely to develop severe adverse reactions due to reduced protein binding due to hypoalbuminemia. Dose adjustment may be necessary.

Dosage in patients with impaired renal function: in patients suffering from kidney failure dose adjustment is not required.

Dosage in Elderly Patients: Dosage adjustment is not required, but it should be noted that long-term use corticosteroids in elderly patients may exacerbate diabetes mellitus, hypertension, congestive heart disease, osteoporosis, or depression.

Doses for children: no experience in children. It is believed that children are particularly at risk for growth retardation, therefore, the indication for the use of the drug requires a particularly strict assessment of the condition of children.
In children in their growth period, treatment should generally be intermittent or intermittent. Gradual dose reduction to a dose that provides a satisfactory clinical response and causes a minimum of side effects is necessary.

Anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive effects: The usual dose of prednisone is 0.1-2 mg/kg/day. The dose can be divided into 1-4 doses per day. The lowest effective dose is usually determined by clinical response.

Exacerbation of bronchial asthma: usually the dose of prednisolone is 1-2 mg / kg / day; this dose may be divided into 1-2 doses/day for 3-5 days.

Replacement therapy: The usual dose is 4 to 5 mg/m2/day.

Nephrotic syndrome: The usual dose is 2 mg/kg/day ( maximum dose 60-80 mg / day), which is given in 2-4 doses.

Side effects

Very often (>1/10), often (>1/100,<1/10), нечасто (>1/1000, <1/100), редко (>1/10000, <1/1000), очень редко (<1/10000), не известно (не может быть оценено на основе имеющихся данных).

In general, the incidence of predicted side effects, including suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, depends on the dose, time of administration and duration of treatment. Side effects can be minimized by using the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible period of time.

Often

Increased susceptibility to infection, exacerbation of existing infection, activation of latent infection and masking of symptoms of infection (due to the immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effect of prednisone)

Decrease in the number of eosinophils and lymphocytes

Masking or aggravating an existing disease

Adrenal insufficiency (beginning with suppression of the hypothalamus and ending with true atrophy of the adrenal cortex) with constant oral use of prednisolone, withdrawal syndrome due to adrenal insufficiency (headache, nausea, dizziness, anorexia, weakness, emotional instability, apathy and inadequate response to stressful situations), "steroidal diabetes mellitus" with low insulin sensitivity, increased blood sugar levels in patients already suffering from diabetes mellitus (100%), growth retardation in children as a result of impaired secretion of growth hormone and reduced sensitivity to it

Increased intraocular pressure (up to 40% of patients treated with an oral drug), cataracts (in 30% of patients with long-term oral drug treatment)

Lung abscess (12%)

Oral candidiasis, especially in cancer patients (33%)

Fungal infections of the mucous membranes (30%)

Osteoporosis manifested by back pain, limited mobility, acute pain, vertebral compression fractures and height reduction, long bone fractures (25% with long-term oral treatment), myopathy (10%) with high doses

An increase in the number of leukocytes and platelets

Cushing's syndrome, including changes in the pattern of fat deposition (moon face, trunk obesity, "bull hump") with constant oral doses above physiological (usually more than 50 mg per day), hypokalemia due to sodium retention and potassium excretion, amenorrhea in women of childbearing age, increased cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins when treated with high oral doses, increased appetite and weight gain

Euphoria, depression, psychosis (corticosteroid-induced)

Hypertension (due to sodium retention, resulting in fluid retention), aggravation of congestive heart failure (due to sodium retention)

Increased risk of developing tuberculosis

Increased symptoms and increased risk of gastrointestinal perforation, colitis, ileitis, diverticulitis

Stretch marks, acne, bruising, dermatitis, ecchymosis, facial erythema, atrophy, hirsutism, slow wound healing, increased sweating, telangiectasias and thinning of the skin, masking or worsening of existing skin conditions

Increased frequency of nighttime urination

allergic reactions

Diabetes (<1%) при лечении малыми пероральными дозами, повышение уровня холестерина, триглицеридов и липопротеинов при лечении низкими пероральными дозами

Insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, mania and hallucinations

Myopathy of the respiratory muscles

Gastric or duodenal ulcers while taking acetylsalicylic acid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), gastrointestinal bleeding (0.5%), gastrointestinal perforations

Aseptic necrosis of bone tissue

Urinary stones due to increased excretion of calcium and phosphate

Risk of thrombosis due to increased blood clotting

Changes in thyroid function

Possible increased duration of coma in cerebral malaria, cognitive impairment (eg, poor memory), dementia, epidural lipomatosis

High risk of destruction of the cornea of ​​​​the eye with simultaneous herpes infection of the eyes (due to the masking of this infection), glaucoma (with prolonged oral treatment with the drug)

Rarely

Ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma, the manifestation of latent hyperparathyroidism, a tendency to porphyria, tumor lysis syndrome, disorders of sex hormone secretion (menstrual disorders, hirsutism, impotence)

Manifestation of latent epilepsy, brain pseudotumor (benign intracranial hypertension with symptoms such as headache, blurred vision, and visual disturbances)

Exophthalmos (after long-term treatment)

Cardiomyopathy with risk of decreased cardiac activity, arrhythmias due to hypokalemia, vascular collapse

Pancreatitis (after long-term treatment with high doses)

Epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Tendinopathy of the Achilles tendon and patellar tendon

Not known

Increased risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, vasculitis (may also occur as a withdrawal syndrome after long-term therapy)

Ulcers and candidiasis of the esophagus

Muscular atrophy, tendon disease, tendinitis, tendon ruptures

Delayed wound healing, loss of appetite

Note:
If the dose is reduced too quickly after prolonged treatment, problems such as muscle and joint pain, fever, rhinitis, conjunctivitis and weight loss may develop.

Contraindications

Prednisolone Nycomed is contraindicated in the following conditions/disorders:

Hypersensitivity to Prednisolone Nycomed or to any excipient in the formulation

Systemic mycoses

Vaccination with live viral or bacterial vaccines is contraindicated during immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids (an imperfect immune response may allow a live attenuated vaccine to cause an infectious disease)

With long-term therapy:

Ulcers of the duodenum

stomach ulcers

Severe forms of osteoporosis

Severe myopathy (excluding myasthenia gravis)

Psychiatric history

Acute viral infections (herpes zoster, herpes simplex, chicken pox)

Chronic active hepatitis (with Hbs Ag-positive reaction)

Glaucoma

Polio

Lymphadenitis after BCG vaccination

Pre- and post-vaccination period (8 weeks before and 2 weeks after vaccination)

Drug Interactions

The corticoid effect is attenuated by CYP3A4 inducers such as rifampicin, phenytoin, primidone, barbiturates, carbamazepine, and aminoglutethimide.
The corticoid effect is enhanced by the use of substances that block CYP3A4: (ketoconazole, ritonavir), erythromycin, troleandromycin.

Organs of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolism

Hypoglycemic drugs

Prednisolone Nycomed prevents the effect of hypoglycemic drugs by increasing blood sugar levels. Undesirable effect: increased risk of hyperglycemia.

Cardiovascular agents

Diuretics that remove potassium (thiazides, furosemide, etc.)

cardiac glycosides

Glycosidic effect due to potassium deficiency.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Increased risk of blood count changes.

Antihypertensive

Lowering already low blood pressure.

Hormones for systemic use

Oral contraceptives

The level of prednisolone in the blood serum may increase due to its reduced metabolism. Undesirable effect: increased risk of side effects of corticosteroids. Excessive use of glucocorticoids can inhibit the effect of somatotropin, which stimulates growth.

Antimicrobials

Rifampicin

Increased metabolism of prednisolone. Undesirable effect: decrease in the effectiveness of prednisolone.

Amphotericin B

The effect of additional loss of potassium in the kidneys. Undesirable effect: increased risk of hypokalemia and subsequent cardiac arrhythmias.

Fluoroquinolones

Undesirable effect: increased risk of tendon rupture.

Ketoconazole

Undesirable effect: may enhance the effects of prednisone.

Means for the muscular, articular and skeletal system

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)

Acetylsalicylic acid is known to irritate the stomach, and prednisolone can mask this side effect. The mechanism is not known. An increase in the clearance of acetylsalicylic acid has been reported due to exposure to prednisolone. There is an increased risk of developing gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers, as well as a risk of reducing the effectiveness of acetylsalicylic acid. Thus, the side effects of salicylates will appear when prednisone is discontinued.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs irritate the stomach, and prednisolone can mask these adverse effects. Undesirable effect: increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration.

Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants

Undesirable effect: prolonged muscle relaxation.

central nervous system

Barbiturates

Barbiturates stimulate hepatic enzymes and increase the metabolism of prednisone. Undesirable effect: decrease in the effectiveness of prednisolone.

Phenytoin and fosphenytoin

Increased metabolism of prednisolone in the liver. Undesirable effect: decrease in the effectiveness of prednisolone.

Quetiapine

Corticosteroid-induced induction of P450-mediated quetiapine metabolism. Undesirable effect: a decrease in the level of quetiapine in the blood serum.

To maintain control of symptoms of schizophrenia, an increase in the dose of quetiapine may be required.

Bupropion

Simultaneous use with systemic glucocorticoids may increase the risk of seizures.

Immunosuppressants

Methotrexate

The mechanism is unknown. Strengthening the action of prednisolone.

Cyclosporine

Prednisolone may increase plasma levels of ciclosporin.

Impact on laboratory testing and research

Skin reactions to allergy tests may be suppressed. Increased decrease in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Other agents

A reduced immune response allows infections caused by live vaccines to occur and can also lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of vaccination.
There is an increased risk of developing generalized, potentially life-threatening infections when vaccinated with live vaccines.

Metabolism of glucocorticoids may be accelerated and, therefore, their effectiveness may decrease.

Laxatives and beta-sympathomimetics

Increased loss of potassium.

Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, mefloquine

Increased risk of myopathies, cardiomyopathies

Derivatives of coumarin

Reducing their effectiveness due to the action of prednisolone.

Theophylline

Undesirable effect: increased clearance during treatment with prednisone.

Cyclophosphamide

Single doses of prednisolone can inhibit the activation of cyclophosphamide, but the level of activation increases after prolonged use.

Thalidomide

May enhance the effect of prednisone.

Praziquantel

Possible decrease in the concentration of praziquantel in the blood due to the use of corticosteroids.

Undesirable effect: an increase in intraocular pressure is possible when taken simultaneously with prednisolone.

Inhibition of corticosteroid metabolism by licorice. Undesirable effect: increased risk of side effects of corticosteroids.

special instructions

Patients with certain physical problems, such as fevers, trauma, or surgery, may require a temporary adjustment of the daily corticoid dose during treatment.

Risk of tendon disease, tendinitis, or tendon rupture will be increased with concomitant use of fluoroquinolones and corticosteroids

Long-term use of the drug should be accompanied by an examination by an ophthalmologist every three months

Long-term use may be associated with rapid progression of Kaposi's sarcoma

With the exception of replacement therapy, corticosteroids have a palliative rather than curative effect due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Long-term use, depending on the dose and duration of treatment, is associated with an increased incidence of adverse effects. Patients receiving long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy should be monitored for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system (HPA) suppression (adrenal insufficiency), Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and glucosuria

After long-term corticosteroid therapy, treatment should be discontinued gradually to prevent "withdrawal syndrome". Adrenocortical insufficiency may persist for months after cessation of corticosteroid treatment, and during periods of stress (surgery, illness) replacement therapy may be required. The risk of adrenal insufficiency can be reduced by giving the drug every other day instead of daily doses.

Due to the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of corticosteroids, their use at doses higher than those required for replacement therapy increases susceptibility to infection, exacerbates existing infectious disease and activates latent infections. The anti-inflammatory effect may mask symptoms until the infectious disease is advanced. If new infections occur during treatment, the fact that it will not be possible to localize such an infection should be taken into account.

In patients with latent tuberculosis (TB), corticosteroid therapy may increase the risk of developing TB. These patients should be closely monitored for TB reactivation and, if long-term corticosteroid treatment is required, anti-TB chemotherapy may be indicated. The use of corticosteroids in patients with active TB should be limited to cases such as exacerbation or dissemination of TB, if their use for the treatment of the disease is planned in conjunction with appropriate anti-TB therapy.

Systemic corticosteroid therapy may increase the risk of severe or fatal infections in individuals exposed to viral diseases such as chickenpox or measles (patients should be warned to avoid this risk and seek prompt medical attention if present). Corticosteroids may contribute to the development of bacterial and fungal infections (Candida infections). Corticoids can activate latent amoebic infections, so it is very important to exclude them before starting corticoid therapy.

Prednisolone enhances gluconeogenesis. Approximately 20% of patients treated with high doses of steroids develop benign "steroid diabetes" with low insulin sensitivity and a low renal threshold for glucose. The condition is reversible upon discontinuation of therapy. In confirmed diabetes mellitus, treatment with corticosteroids usually leads to imbalance, which can be compensated by adjusting the dose of insulin.

Long-term treatment with prednisolone affects calcium and phosphate metabolism and increases the risk of osteoporosis. Prednisolone reduces calcium and phosphate levels, which affects vitamin D levels, thereby causing a dose-dependent decrease in serum osteocalcin (a bone matrix protein that correlates with bone formation)

Prednisolone therapy for several weeks causes children to develop growth retardation associated with reduced secretion of growth hormone and reduced peripheral sensitivity to this hormone.

Corticosteroids can cause psychiatric disturbances including euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, depression, and psychotic tendencies.

Long-term use of systemic corticosteroids can cause posterior subcapsular cataracts and glaucoma (due to increased intraocular pressure), as well as an increased risk of eye infections. An ophthalmological examination and treatment in case of glaucoma, ulcers and corneal trauma are mandatory. Patients with herpes infection are at an increased risk of developing corneal damage, as prednisone may mask infections.

Corticosteroids should be used with caution in the following conditions:

Gastrointestinal disorders such as ulcerative colitis and diverticulitis due to the possibility of colonic perforation, colonic abscess or other pyogenic infections, colonic obstruction, prominent fistulas and sinus tracts, fresh intestinal anastomoses, and latent peptic ulcers. The anti-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids may mask the signs of gastrointestinal perforations and thus lead to a delay in diagnosis and, consequently, to potentially fatal outcomes.

High blood pressure or congestive heart disease (due to the mineralocorticoid effect of prednisone, which can lead to fluid and salt retention)

Osteoporosis (because corticosteroids can make osteoporosis symptoms worse)

Known and Suspected Infections

Known lymphatic tumours, as acute tumor lysis syndrome has been reported following glucocorticoid administration

Heart or kidney failure: concomitant effective therapy for the underlying disease and ongoing ongoing monitoring

liver disease

Hypothyroidism

Myasthenia gravis, which can lead to increased myopathy

Cerebral malaria (may prolong coma, may increase incidence of pneumonia and gastrointestinal bleeding)

Latent epilepsy

Hyperparathyroidism (because prednisolone may contribute to the manifestation of the disease)

Treatment of patients with acetylsalicylic acid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (due to an increased risk of ulcer formation)

Diuretics that remove potassium.

In patients who are prescribed corticoids, the diet should be high in potassium, protein, and vitamins, but low in fat, carbohydrate, and salt.

In elderly patients, especially during long-term therapy, side effects such as osteoporosis and tendon disease should be monitored. If possible, circadian or intermittent treatment is recommended for children during the growth period.

Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, Lapp-lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.

Pregnancy and lactation

Prednisone crosses the placenta. Animal studies have shown an increase in side effects depending on the dose (cleft palate, effects on brain growth and development). However, in general, these studies suggest a low risk to the fetus when prednisolone is used during pregnancy. But prednisolone therapy during pregnancy should be carried out only after a thorough assessment of the benefits and risks to the fetus. If glucocorticoids are used in late pregnancy, there is a theoretical risk of suppression of fetal adrenal function, which may require a gradual reduction in the dose of replacement therapy in newborns.
The amount of prednisolone excreted in breast milk is estimated to be 0.1% of the dose received by the mother. The dose received by the child can be minimized by not breastfeeding within 3 to 4 hours after the mother receives a dose of prednisolone. Children of mothers taking daily doses of 40 mg or more should be monitored for signs of adrenal suppression.

According to reviews, "Prednisolone" is a drug that belongs to synthetic glucocorticoids (in other words, it is a hormonal agent). It is analogous to "waterless" hydrocortisone. In medical activities, "Prednisolone" is used externally, orally in the form of tablets, eye drops, or for intravenous (sometimes intramuscular) administration.

Characteristics of the active substance

Prednisolone is a crystalline powder, odorless and white in color (sometimes with a slight tinge of yellow). Almost insoluble in water. But slightly soluble in alcohol, dioxane, chloroform and methanol. Its molecular weight is 360.444 g/mol.

pharmachologic effect

According to reviews, "Prednisolone" has anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-allergic, glucocortioid and anti-shock effects.

The substance interacts in the cytoplasm of the cell with special receptors and forms a specific complex that is introduced into the nucleus, binding to DNA and causing mRNA expression. Changes on ribosomes the formation of proteins expressing the effects of cells. It accelerates the synthesis of lipocortin, which inhibits phospholipase A2, inhibits the biosynthesis of endoperoxide and the liberation of archidonic acid, essential for the body, as well as prostaglandins, leukotreins (contribute to the progression of inflammation, allergies and other pathological processes).

Stabilizes the membrane membrane of lysosomes, inhibits the synthesis of hyaluronidase (an enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid in a special way), reduces the production of lymphokines produced by lymphocytes. Affects the processes of alteration and exudation during inflammation, delays the spread of the inflammatory process.

It inhibits the migration of monocytes in the foci of inflammation and limits the proliferation of connective tissue cells, which has an antiproliferative effect. It inhibits the formation of mucopolysaccharides, thereby preventing water from combining with plasma proteins in the rheumatic focus of inflammation.

It inhibits the intensity of the destruction of peptide bonds, preventing the destruction of tissues and cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis.

In what cases is "Prednisolone" prescribed to children? The reviews confirm that the antiallergic effect of the drug is due to a decrease in the number of basophils, a decrease in the synthesis and secretion of mediators of an immediate allergic reaction. Promotes the development of lymphopenia and involution of lymphoid tissue, thereby causing immunosuppression.

Reduces the concentration of T-lymphocytes in the blood plasma and the production of immunoglobulins. It increases the breakdown and reduces the production of complex protein components, inhibits the Fc-receptors of immunoglobulins, inhibits the functions of macrophages and leukocytes. Increases the number of receptors and normalizes their sensitivity to a variety of physiologically active substances in the body. This confirms the instructions for use and reviews for the Prednisolone ointment.

Reduces protein synthesis and its amount in blood plasma, but at the same time accelerates its energy metabolism in muscle tissue. Promotes the production of fibrinogen, surfactant, erythropoietin, lipomodulin and enzyme proteins in the liver. It also contributes to the redistribution of fat, the production of triglycerides and fatty acids. It increases the absorption of carbohydrates from the gastrointestinal tract, the activity of phosphoenolpyruvate kinase and glucose-6-phosphatase, which enhances gluconeogenesis and mobilizes glucose in the bloodstream.

Retains water and sodium, and also accelerates the excretion of potassium. Reduces intestinal absorption of calcium, while increasing excretion by the kidneys and washing it out of the bones.

Pharmacokinetics

"Prednisolone", according to reviews, has an anti-shock effect, activates the production of certain cells in the bone marrow, increases the number of red blood cells and platelets in the blood, and also reduces the number of monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils.

When taken orally, the drug is well and rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. 70-90% of the substance is in the plasma in a bound form: with albumin and transcortin. After ingestion, the maximum concentration of the substance in the blood plasma is observed after an hour and a half.

Metabolized in the liver by oxidation. The half-life of a substance from plasma is 120-240 minutes, from tissues - in the range from 20 to 34 hours. Less than 1% of the dose of the substance passes into the milk of a nursing woman. 20% of the substance is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.

Indications for use

According to reviews, "Prednisolone" is administered by intravenous or intramuscular infusion with:

• acute allergic reaction;
• bronchial asthma and status asthmaticus;
• for the prevention and treatment of thyrotoxic reactions and thyrotoxic shock;
• myocardial infarction;
• acute adrenal insufficiency;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• acute hepatitis;
• poisoning with caustic fluids.

"Prednisolone" is administered by intra-articular injections for:

• rheumatoid arthritis;
• spondyloarthritis;
• post-traumatic arthritis;
• osteoarthritis.

Pills

In the form of tablets "Prednisolone", according to reviews, is prescribed for:

• systemic connective tissue diseases;
• chronic and acute inflammatory diseases of the joints: psoriatic and gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis, polyarthritis, juvenile arthritis, humeroscapular periarthritis, Still's syndrome in adults, synovitis and epicondylitis;
• rheumatic fever and acute rheumatic heart disease;
• bronchial asthma;

• acute and chronic allergies;
• allergic reactions to food and drugs, angioedema, serum sickness, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, drug exanthema, hay fever;
• skin diseases;
• pemphigus, psoriasis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, diffuse neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, toxidermia, seborrheic dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, malignant exudative erythema (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), cerebral edema after prior use in the form of intravenous or intramuscular injections;
• adrenal insufficiency;
• kidney diseases of autoimmune origin, nephrotic syndrome;
• diseases of the hematopoietic organs: agranulocytosis, panmyelopathy, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, lymphogranulomatosis, multiple myeloma, thrombocytopenic purpura, secondary thrombocytopenia in adults, erythroblastopenia;
• lung diseases: acute alveolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, stage II-III sarcoidosis;
• pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, aspiration pneumonia;
• berylliosis, Leffler's syndrome;
• lung cancer;
• multiple sclerosis;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• hepatitis;
• prevention of transplant rejection reactions;
• hypercalcemia against the background of oncological diseases;
• nausea and vomiting during cytostatic therapy;
• allergic eye diseases;
• inflammatory eye diseases.

This is confirmed to "Prednisolone" instructions for use and reviews. The price will be shown below.

Ointment

"Prednisolone" in the form of an ointment is used for:

• urticaria, atopic dermatitis, diffuse neurodermatitis, lichen simplex chronicus, eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, simple and allergic dermatitis, toxidermia, erythroderma, psoriasis, alopecia;
• epicondylitis, tendosynovitis, bursitis, humeroscapular periarthritis, colloid scars, sciatica.

Drops

"Prednisolone" in the form of eye drops is prescribed for non-infectious inflammatory diseases of the anterior segment of the eye - iritis, uveitis, episcleritis, scleritis, conjunctivitis, parenchymal and discoid keratitis without damage to the corneal epithelium, allergic conjunctivitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, inflammatory processes after eye injuries and surgery , sympathetic ophthalmia.

The price and reviews of "Prednisolone" are of interest to many. We will talk about them below.

Contraindications for use

Contraindications for systemic use are:

This is confirmed to "Prednisolone" instructions for use and reviews.

Contraindications to intraarticular injections are:

• infectious and inflammatory processes in the joint;
• common infectious diseases;
• "dry" joint;
• pregnancy;
• joint instability as an outcome of arthritis.

Contraindications when applied to the skin are:

• viral, bacterial and fungal skin diseases;
• skin manifestations of syphilis;
• lupus;
• skin tumors;
• acne vulgaris;
• pregnancy.

Contraindications to the use of "Prednisolone", according to reviews, in the form of eye drops can be:

• fungal and viral eye diseases;
• purulent ulcer of the cornea;
• acute purulent conjunctivitis;
• glaucoma;
• trachoma.

Adverse reactions

The severity and frequency of adverse reactions depend on the duration and method of application of the drug. Basically, the following side effects may develop when using Prednisolone:

• failure of the menstrual cycle;
• obesity, acne, hirsutism;
• stomach ulcers and ulceration of the esophagus;
• Itsenko-Cushing complex, osteoporosis;
• hyperglycemia;
• hemorrhagic pancreatitis;
• psychical deviations;
• increased blood clotting, weakening of immunoglobulins.

This is confirmed by the instructions and reviews for Prednisolone.

Dosage and method of application

The dosage is set depending on the method of application of the drug.

AT In the form of Prednisolone tablets, doctors recommend taking once a day or a double dose every other day from 6 to 8 in the morning. The total daily dose can be divided into several doses, while in the morning you should take the drug with a larger dosage. "Prednisolone" in the form of tablets should be drunk during meals or after it. Sudden termination of the course of treatment can lead to negative consequences, so this should not be done. The dosage of the drug should be increased by 1.5-3 times in acute stressful conditions. If the case is severe, then the dosage is increased by 5-10 times.

In the acute course of the disease, adults are prescribed 4-6 tablets (20-30 mg) per day. The maintenance dose is 1-2 tablets (5-10 mg) per day. In some diseases, an initial dose of 5-100 mg / day may be prescribed or as a hormonal maintenance therapy - 5-15 mg / day.

As a rule, for children over the age of three years, a dose of 1-2 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day is prescribed, divided into several doses. The maintenance dose for children is about 0.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. After achieving the effect, the dose should be reduced to 5 mg, and then to 2.5 mg per day with a break of 3-5 days.

In the form of an ointment, the hormonal drug "Prednisolone" is used externally for allergic rashes and itching of the skin. The cream is applied several times a day in a thin layer. Also, Prednisolone ointment can be used in gynecology, but only in combination with antifungal agents and antibiotics. As a rule, the course of treatment with Prednisolone ointment is from 6 to 14 days. To maintain the therapeutic effect, the ointment is applied once a day.

In the form of a solution for injection, the agent is administered intra-articularly, intravenously or intramuscularly under strict sterile conditions. For intra-articular administration of the drug, the recommended dose is 10 mg in small joints, and 25-50 mg in large ones. This injection can be repeated several times. If the therapeutic effect is insufficient, it is necessary to consider increasing the dose with the attending physician.

For intravenous administration of the drug, the recommended dose is 25 mg - in the affected parts of the body of a small size, and 50 - in the larger parts of the body.

In the form of eye drops, 1-2 drops are used three times a day in the conjunctival sac. As a rule, the course of treatment with these eye drops is no more than two weeks.

special instructions

• with long-term therapy, it is necessary to prescribe potassium supplements and a diet in order to avoid the development of hypokalemia;
• after the end of long-term therapy, doctors should observe the patient for another year so that adrenal insufficiency of the cortex does not develop;
• you can not suddenly cancel the use of the drug, because this can lead to anorexia, weakness, nausea, exacerbation of the disease and muscle pain;
• it is forbidden to administer any vaccines during therapy with Prednisolone;
• it is not recommended to drive complex mechanisms and vehicles during the period of treatment with Prednisolone.

Price

Ampoules cost about 30 rubles, ointment - 70 rubles, tablets - about 100 rubles, drops - 100-200 rubles. It all depends on the city and the specific pharmacy.