Use of laser vision correction methods in medicine. How is laser vision correction performed using different methods and how much does the procedure cost? What is the name of eye surgery?

How well a person sees depends on the shape of the cornea. The cornea is a transparent membrane eyeball, which covers the iris, pupil and front of the eye. U myopic people The cornea is too round, while in people with farsightedness it is flat. When someone is diagnosed with astigmatism, it means they have a cornea irregular shape. Exist various procedures refractive surgery that can correct these defects.

Until recently, glasses and contact lenses were the only methods of correcting poor vision. There are many reasons for its deterioration: some people like to read a lot, others spend long time in front of the TV, use various gadgets, and some poor eyesight passed on by inheritance. Professional athletes, law enforcement officers and those involved in high-performance activities consider life without contacts and glasses a gift they should have given themselves years ago.

All more people choose laser correction vision for the treatment of moderate or severe forms refractive errors. The number of high results of the operation is 96%. After laser surgery people get rid of the need to wear glasses or use contact lenses. In recent years, the treatment of eye diseases with laser radiation has made significant progress.

Laser vision correction is the term given to surgical procedures designed to correct certain vision problems such as nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism. During these procedures, it is used to change the shape of the cornea, which helps improve the clarity of vision. After the procedure, most patients will be able to drive a car, read books, watch TV or do their favorite activities without glasses or contact lenses.

Doctors conduct annual a large number of vision correction procedures using the most advanced methods and technologies available today. You can find out how laser vision correction works in our article. This is discussed below.

Preparation for the procedure

Before laser vision correction, patients undergo a thorough screening with comprehensive examination eye. This preparation is necessary to exclude contraindications to refractive surgery. Based on the examination, the doctor determines which laser vision correction is suitable for a particular patient. It is also necessary to conduct some blood tests, urine tests, and fluorography. During a consultation with an ophthalmologist, you can get Additional information, answers to questions, and also learn how laser vision correction works. It should be remembered that before surgery you must stop using contact lenses for 2-4 weeks.

Classification

Today, the following laser surgery methods exist:

1. PRK.

2. "Lasik" (LASIK).

3. Femto LASIK.

4. "Super LASIK" (Super LASIK).

5. Epi LASIK.

6. "LASEK"

PRK method

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) - excimer laser procedure for vision correction in patients with thin corneas. It is an alternative to surgery performed using Lasik technology.

Indications for the procedure are:

There are also contraindications to laser vision correction surgery using the PRK method, they include:

• age under 18 years;
• the presence of eye diseases, for example, Keratoconus, glaucoma, cataracts, inflammatory diseases;
• period of pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• progressive diabetes mellitus and others somatic diseases;
• mental disorders;
• oncological diseases.

How does laser vision correction using PRK technology work? In this case, only a laser is used to perform the operation. There is no need to use a scalpel, needles or any other piercing or cutting objects.

Lasik method

Lasik Laser Vision correction (laser keratomileusis) is the newest form of laser eye surgery. The procedure is one of the most revolutionary vision care treatments in decades. With this laser correction method, refractive power is increased. This makes it easier for the eyes to focus on objects that are close or far away.

Lasik is one of the most popular and affordable operations. The result of the procedure is an improvement in visual acuity in patients suffering from myopia, farsightedness or astigmatism.

The following contraindications exist for laser correction using the Lasik method:

1. Age. The operation is performed on patients over 18 years of age.

2. Deterioration of visual acuity over the last year.

3. Eye diseases, such as glaucoma or cataracts.

4. Surgeries for retinal detachment.

5. Thinning of the cornea.

6. Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

How is Lasik vision correction performed? The ophthalmologist separates the corneal flap with a scalpel. Next, a certain amount of corneal tissue is removed, then the flap is returned to its place.

Femto Lasik method

How does laser correction work using technology? To create a corneal flap, a combination of two lasers is used simultaneously. creates a protective corneal flap, and the excimer laser allows you to correct both significant and small refractive defects. Thus, visual acuity improves.

Super Lasik method

This method of laser vision correction is also based on Lasik technology. The difference is the use of more modern equipment.

Epi Lasik method

How does laser vision correction using the Epi Lasik method work? This method is also a type of Lasik laser surgery. It is designed specifically for patients with corneal problems. Such problems, particularly corneal thinning, occur in people who for a long time used contact lenses. During laser correction using the Epi Lasik method, special equipment is used to separate a thin flap - an epikeratome.

Lasek method

How is laser vision correction surgery performed using the Lasek method? This technology uses a combination of Lasik and PRK techniques. Like photorefractive keratectomy, Lasek is a good alternative for people with thinner corneal tissue or patients who have previously had Lasik surgery. After vision correction, healing and recovery take longer than with other laser surgery methods.

Smile method

Smile technology is the newest, most expensive and safe. How is laser vision correction performed? There is no need to create a corneal flap during the procedure. Only a laser is required to operate. Recovery and rehabilitation after vision correction using the “Smile” method is much faster.

Indications for surgery

As a rule, the main indications for eye microsurgery are the following diseases:

• Myopia. Occurs when the cornea becomes too curved. This feature causes light rays to focus in front of the retina, which causes blurring of objects at a far distance.
• Farsightedness occurs when the cornea is too flat in relation to the length of the eye. In this case, light is focused to a point behind the retina, resulting in blurry near vision.
• Astigmatism occurs when the cornea is shaped like a football, meaning it is more curved in one direction than the other. The light is focused in different points eyes, which leads to blurred vision, double or distorted objects.

Whatever the reason for laser vision correction, it is important to choose the right technology to complete the procedure. Many studies show that the results of surgery also depend on the experience of the surgeon.

How does Lasik or PRK laser vision correction work? The principle of all types of laser eye surgery is simple: using microscopic points of fine laser light, the cornea is reshaped, allowing incoming light rays to be precisely focused on the retina, giving the patient new life without glasses.

How is laser vision correction surgery performed? The following stages of refractive surgery are distinguished.

1. To carry out the procedure, a special anesthetic is used in the form of eye drops, so there are no painful sensations.
2. A speculum is placed between the eyelids. It is necessary to keep the eye open. A special ring is then placed to lift and straighten the cornea. It also blocks motor activity eyeball. The patient may feel slight pressure from these devices. After the ring is installed and until it is removed, a person usually does not see anything.
3. Next, a corneal flap is created using a scalpel, laser or automated equipment, depending on the surgical technology. The flap is raised and folded back.
4. An excimer laser, programmed using the patient's unique eye measurements, is then positioned centrally above the eye. The surgeon checks that the laser is positioned correctly.
5. The patient looks at a special spot light, called a fixation or target light, while the excimer laser removes corneal tissue.
6. The surgeon then places the flap back in its original position and smoothes the edges. The corneal flap adheres to the underlying corneal tissue within two to five minutes. No stitches are required.

After the procedure, the patient needs rest.

Recovery period

Immediately after surgery, patients usually experience pain and discomfort. You may also experience blurry vision for a few days. increased sensitivity to the light. To eliminate symptoms are prescribed special drops for eyes. They must be used within several days. Functional vision usually returns within 24 hours.

Treatment results can be seen after just a few weeks. However, most patients notice a significant improvement in vision within the first days.

In some cases, it may take three to six months after surgery for vision to improve, completely stabilize, and resolve side effects.

As the postoperative period progresses, it is necessary to avoid certain activities that may disrupt the healing process. For example, swimming.

How is laser vision correction performed? Reviews

Millions of people who have undergone laser surgery notice that their visual acuity, and with it their quality of life, has significantly improved. It takes about 5 minutes to correct the vision of one eye. Preparation takes more time directly in the operating room itself. For pain relief, only local anesthesia drops are used. Literally in 30 minutes a person can look at the world in a new way.

Whether to undergo laser vision correction, everyone must decide for themselves. Some people do not see any inconvenience in using glasses or contact lenses.

Peculiarities

Laser eye surgery significantly improves quality of life. Visual acuity makes people dependent on constant use of glasses or contact lenses. Like any operation, laser correction has positive and negative aspects. Serious complications during or after vision improvement procedures are extremely rare. Many of the risks associated with laser surgery can be reduced or eliminated through careful patient selection as well as preoperative testing using the latest diagnostic technologies.

Sometimes, to achieve the desired vision correction it may be necessary reoperation. Such cases occur when high degrees nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism. Typically, such vision initially requires more intensive correction. Approximately 10.5% of patients require additional treatment.

Potential risks and complications may include:

• infection;
• inflammation;
• blurred vision;
• hazy or blurry vision;
• decreased vision at night;
• scratches, dryness and other symptoms of a condition called "dry eye";
• glare, flashes;
• photosensitivity;
• discomfort or pain;
• small bruises on the whites of the eyes.

The advantages of laser vision correction undoubtedly include increased visual acuity and improved quality of life. The result of the procedure will depend on the nature and extent of the violations, as well as on the quality of the work performed by the surgeon. The vast majority of patients are extremely satisfied with the results of the operation. After laser surgery they can practice various types activities without dependence on corrective lenses or glasses.

The result of laser correction of vision defects is considered a permanent effect. However, image clarity may change with age as you get older. This may result in the need to use glasses, contact lenses, or additional vision correction procedures in the future.

The last word in ophthalmological correction today is laser eye surgery. With their help, you can correct refractive errors, restoring clear and contrasting vision. In modern ophthalmology, there are several types of operations using laser technology. We will tell you how they are carried out in this article.

The essence and advantages of laser eye surgery

With normal vision, the light rays that enter the human eye, gather at one point on the retina. With myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism, the correct focusing is disrupted, so a person sees a blurred or ambiguous image.

The essence of laser eye surgery is to change the refractive power visual organs and again “collect” the rays at one point on the retina.
For this purpose, the laser acts on cornea, which is an important refractive medium of the eye, and corrects its shape by evaporating the thinnest layers of tissue.
There are several advantages refractive surgery in front of the glasses or contact correction:

• clear vision returns once and for all;
• there is no need to order and regularly wear optical products;
• human freedom of action is not limited by means of optical correction.

Types of laser surgeries: which technique to choose?

In refractive laser surgery there are different types operations on the eyes, which differ in the method of execution.

Photorefractive keratectomy, or PRK, is a laser technique that began to be used earlier than others, at the end of the 20th century. Today, with the advent of new technologies, it is used less and less - mainly due to medical indications. Its main disadvantage is painful period healing of the cornea and greater trauma compared to other methods.
LASIK and Femto-Lasik are some of the most popular types of laser surgeries today. They are performed on the inner layers of the cornea, are less traumatic compared to PRK and are characterized by a quick rehabilitation period.

Super LASIK — modern technique, which takes into account individual characteristics cornea and higher order aberrations (distortions). Allows you to achieve high-definition vision within an hour after surgery.
Other laser techniques are used less frequently: LASEK, Epi Lasik, SMILE. The ophthalmologist determines which method to perform the operation in each specific case.

How is eye surgery performed using PRK?

Photorefractive keratectomy is performed on the superficial layers of the cornea using an excimer laser. The PRK technique has a clear algorithm of implementation.

• The patient's eyes are instilled with anesthetic drops and an eyelid speculum is installed to prevent blinking during surgery.
• Then the doctor aligns the position of the eye, for which the patient must concentrate his gaze on a luminous point in a special device. If necessary, a vacuum ring helps to fix the eye in a stationary position.

• The ophthalmic surgeon removes the epithelium from the area of ​​the cornea where the correction will be performed.
• Under the supervision of a physician, the excimer laser changes the shape of the cornea according to previously specified parameters.
• Upon completion of the operation, the cornea is washed with a special solution and an anti-inflammatory drug is instilled into the patient’s eyes.
• So that the surface of the eye heals faster and the patient experiences less discomfort During the process of restoration of the surface layer of the cornea, mandatory wearing of bandage lenses is prescribed for the rehabilitation period.

How is LASIK surgery performed?

Preparatory measures (pain relief, eyelid dilatation, eye alignment) are similar to preparations for PRK.

The main difference lies in the main part of the operation.

• Using a microkeratome, the ophthalmic surgeon creates a flap from the surface layer of the cornea with a thickness of 130 to 150 microns and bends it to allow laser access to the inner layers of the cornea.
• The laser beam acts on the open area, evaporating some of the cells and thereby forming a new surface.
• After the correction is completed, the ophthalmic surgeon returns the flap to its original place and fixes it with natural collagen.
• This type of surgery is called sutureless because the operated area seals itself and there is no need for surgical sutures.
• The next stage is washing the cornea and instilling anti-inflammatory drugs that will speed up healing.
• The shape of the cornea in the second eye is adjusted in a similar way.

LASIK is a widely used vision correction technique for several reasons.

• The operation itself does not require hospitalization and is performed in one day.
• The patient begins to see clearly almost immediately - within an hour or two after the operation.
• Since LASIK correction does not affect the superficial layers of the cornea, healing is faster and painless than with PRK.
• The operation can be performed using this technique on both eyes at once.

How is vision correction performed using the Femto-LASIK method?

Otherwise, the Femto-LASIK technique is called femtolaser-assisted laser vision correction. In fact, she has only one fundamental difference from the popular LASIK. The formation of a corneal flap at the first stage of the operation is performed not using a mechanical instrument, but in a non-contact manner using a femtosecond laser.

• The infrared beam of the femtolaser does not cut, but delicately exfoliates the tissue with the help of microbubbles that are formed when it acts on the cornea. This method allows you to achieve a perfectly smooth and even surface in the delamination zone.
• The femtolaser creates a corneal flap according to the precisely specified parameters of a particular patient. Such precision cannot be achieved using a mechanical tool. After Femto-LASIK, vision is restored in the shortest possible time, and the rehabilitation period is reduced to a minimum.
• At other stages, the operation using the Femto-LASIK method is identical to the LASIK laser correction.

Features of the Super LASIK operation

Super LASIK is not a standard, but a personalized method of laser vision correction, in which you can achieve 100% compensation of all distortions in the visual system a specific person.
Before the operation, the patient's eyes are examined using an aberrometer - a special diagnostic device that detects all optical distortions (aberrations). For each person they are individual, like fingerprints.

Special program analyzes the data obtained and models the shape of the cornea that will help to most fully correct all existing aberrations. The laser correction itself is carried out taking into account the compiled model using the LASIK technique.
This method of correcting visual impairment is especially recommended for people whose professional activities directly depend on the quality of their vision.

How is LASEK eye surgery performed?

The doctor may choose this method of laser correction if a person has contraindications to PRK or LASIK procedures. The LASEK operation is carried out in several stages:

• The doctor separates the epithelial flap of the cornea.
• Laser correction is performed on the anterior layers of the cornea.
• When the corneal shape correction is completed, the flap is returned to its original location.
• A soft bandage lens is placed over the eye to protect it for up to five days.
• Repeat the manipulations for the second eye.

The main difference between LASEK and other techniques is that the laser affects only the surface layer of the cornea, so it is prescribed for thinned corneas. Because the epithelium is not completely removed as with PRK, healing occurs more quickly and less painfully.

All laser vision correction operations have their advantages; in each specific case, the ophthalmologist makes a choice taking into account the characteristics of a particular person. Sometimes a patient is contraindicated in principle from refractive surgery, and then the best way contact lenses from reliable brands are becoming vision correction -

Currently, there are 2 types of laser eye surgeries: photoreactive keratectomy (PRK) and laser assisted keratomileusis (LASIK).

Photoreactive keratectomy

PRK is one of the first methods of laser vision correction using an excimer laser. The laser acts on the surface of the cornea without affecting the internal structure of the eye.

Stages of performing PRK:
1. The operation is performed without anesthesia; anesthetic drops are instilled into the patient’s eyes, after which an eyelid speculum and, if necessary, a vacuum ring are used to fix the eye.
2. The patient must look at a specific point on the device.
3. The epithelium is removed from the area of ​​the cornea where the operation will take place, after which a new corneal surface is formed using a laser.
4. The operation is completed by instilling anti-inflammatory drops and washing the eye. A bandage is applied to the eye.

When a laser removes the outer layer of the cornea, the surface layer is damaged, and after the operation, the surface of the cornea remains open, which leads to eye pain, pain and photophobia. PRK cannot be performed on both eyes at the same time; the operation is performed first on the eye and, after its recovery, on the other.

The operation takes only a few minutes, recovery period lasts for several weeks, during which you should refrain from reading, watching TV, and also instill drops prescribed by your doctor.

Laser assisted keratomileusis (LASIK)

LASIK is a more modern procedure than PRK.

Stages of LASIK:

1. The doctor puts anesthetic drops into the eyes, which leads to numbness of the eye. Just like with PRK, the eye is fixed and the patient needs to look at the luminous point on the device.
2. A small area of ​​the superficial layers of the cornea is cut off with a microkeratome
3. The cut corneal flap is then folded back, allowing the laser access to the deep layers of the cornea.
4. The laser creates a new surface of the cornea using short flashes, correcting the shape of the eye.
5. The cut corneal flap is put back and fixed with collagen, which is secreted by the cornea.
6. The patient’s eye is washed and anti-inflammatory drops are instilled.
7. It is possible to immediately perform surgery on the second eye.

LASIK surgery allows you to restore vision within a few hours, return to your normal lifestyle and work the next day, and is also painless both during and after the operation.

Today in ophthalmology several types of operations are used that make it possible to perform effective correction vision. Each eye surgery may have its own indications and contraindications.

Types of surgical interventions

All features surgical intervention must be taken into account when choosing a treatment method. In this article you will learn how eye surgery is performed.

Preparing for surgery

Surgery to restore vision is selected individually for each patient. The doctor must first perform a thorough diagnosis and then prescribe treatment. The specialist should also tell you how much the operation costs and its duration. Before proceeding with surgery, the patient must undergo the following tests:

• Analysis of urine;
• blood test for clotting;
• blood biochemistry;
• cardiogram;
• chest x-ray.

A blood test can rule out possible contraindications, and determine how ready the body is for surgery.

In the presence of diabetes mellitus need to go additional consultation from an endocrinologist and nephrologist. Depending on the indications, an eye biopsy may also be prescribed. The cost of tests can be found directly in the laboratory. The pricing policy differs depending on the city you are in and the availability of modern equipment.

What types of eye surgery are there?

Surgeries on the eyeball are performed to restore lost vision due to clouding of the cornea or myopia. For this they usually use.

Removal of the lens is carried out for cataracts, and retinal detachment is an indication for laser treatment. All types of operations on the iris, most often for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes. Surgery vitreous must be done if there is damage. As surgical intervention also use .

The contents of the eye can be removed during panophthalmitis. To eliminate common eye pathologies do:

• laser treatment;
• vitrectomy;
• scleroplasty.

Is it painful to have eye surgery? This question is asked today by many who have undergone surgery. Modern technologies have taken a significant step forward and therefore the patient will not feel any pain.

Laser treatment

At the moment, laser eye surgery is the most effective correction method. This procedure is most often used to treat diabetic retinopathy. PRK and have been removed from common methods. To avoid painful sensations will help during this procedure local anesthetics.

Laser keratomileusis

Lasik technology is considered the most effective and safe today. Indications for surgery may include any degree of myopia, decreased visual acuity, or clouding of the vitreous. Contraindications include:

1. Pregnancy.
2. Lactation period.
3. Inflammation.
4. Infection.

This operation involves partial or complete removal of the vitreous body. This surgical intervention is quite complex, so it is performed only with the use of special equipment. The main indications are hemorrhage into the vitreous cavity, eye trauma, and macular retinal rupture.

Operation Vitrectomy

The operation is performed under local anesthesia within 2-3 hours. On initial stage First, the eyelid is fixed and a microscopic incision is made. After this, instruments are inserted into the vitreous cavity. Silicone materials can be used as a vitreous substitute. Contraindications to the procedure include:

1. Severe clouding of the cornea.
2. Blood diseases.
3. Pregnancy.

To avoid complications, you must follow all recommendations after eye surgery.

Scleroplasty

This is a popular ophthalmic surgery done to strengthen the outer lining of the eyeball. Thanks to scleroplasty, it is possible to stop the development of myopia, but this does not allow full recovery vision. All manipulations should be performed under local anesthesia. During the procedure, a flap is made from sclero-reinforcing material and placed behind the back wall eyeball. After this, the material is tightly bonded to outer shell and grows blood vessels.

Scleroplasty

The strengthening flap can be created from a synthetic material or a biological substitute. In addition, the patient’s own tissue can be used for the procedure. Certain manipulations do not take more than 30 minutes. Depending on the procedure, the operation can be simple or complex. The only contraindication is an allergy to the material.

Complications after surgery

It doesn't matter what kind of surgery the doctor prescribed for you. Negative consequences may occur after any type of intervention. Here are the main ones:

• secondary cataract;
• lens displacement;
• retinal disinsertion;
• increased intraocular pressure.

Rehabilitation period

Now it's time to look at what you shouldn't do after eye surgery. Most often, the patient can go home immediately after the operation, but there are a number of recommendations that must be followed. For the first few days, it is strictly forbidden to put stress on the eye that has been operated on. For a month, you will need to avoid physical activity or lifting heavy objects.

In some cases, when going outside it is necessary to wear protective bandage. This will prevent dust from entering or foreign body into the eye. If complications occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Now you know how they do it laser surgery on the eyes. If the intervention was carried out good specialist, then vision will be restored. Therefore, it is better to give your preference the best clinics who use modern equipment.

Thanks to developments in modern ophthalmology, the use of a scalpel is becoming less and less common during operations. This is due to the fact that new techniques are emerging in ophthalmology and eye microsurgery, with the help of which the operation is performed using laser.

Compared to other types of operations, this is the safest and effective method operative therapy in microsurgery.

It is mainly prescribed to patients aged 18 to 55 years who have a disorder:

• Myopia.
• Hypermetropia.

The main task during laser eye correction is to achieve precise focusing of the image on the retina of the eyeball. To make the patient feel sharp again visual perception and clarity of display of surrounding objects.

Advantages of laser surgery

Surgery using a laser medical practice has been used for about 30 years. During this time, observations have shown its superiority compared to other surgical interventions.

To the main positive qualities can be attributed:

Indications for laser surgery

Indications:

In addition, surgical treatment can be performed:

• If the value is from 1 to 15 diopters.
• Hypermetropia from 1 to 6 diopters.
• Astigmatism 0.5 to 5 diopters.

Contraindications for laser surgery

As with any type of therapy, laser eye correction cannot be performed in all cases. There are many reasons why surgery is not performed.

The most common reasons for refusing laser surgery:

Such pathologies make it possible to develop irreversible changes after surgery.

If the patient, for any reason, uses steroids medicines, or medications aimed at suppressing the immune system, then the process of regeneration and restoration in postoperative period may be delayed.

Relative contraindications

Relative restrictions are temporary, and as they are eliminated, surgical intervention can be performed.

Absolute contraindications

But there are situations in which laser surgery is completely excluded:

Preparing for surgery

Before the operation you must:

Immediately before laser surgery, the patient must:

Equipment for laser correction

Modern ophthalmological clinics are equipped the latest types laser systems that allow high-precision operations.

Excimer laser WaveLight EX500

This is a device, the latest achievement of scientists in the field of laser ophthalmology. Has increased laser speed.

This contributes to a minimal thermal effect on the cornea of ​​the eye.

Does not cause symptoms of dehydration, which has a beneficial effect in the postoperative period (occurs fast healing fabrics).

When using this setting, the laser depth can be automatically adjusted. This allows you to obtain data on the thickness of the cornea at all stages of the operation, if necessary.

The infrared tracking system allows you to monitor the position of the eyeball in relation to the center of the pupil or the edge of the cornea. This significantly increases the accuracy of all manipulations.

You can achieve a positive effect:

• For myopia up to 14 diopters.
• Astigmatism and farsightedness up to 6 diopters.

VISX Star S4 IR laser

Unlike other laser systems, this device allows vision correction in advanced forms of myopia and hypermetropia.

After vision correction, the installation creates a smoothed corneal surface.

The use of this device minimizes the development of side effects and rapid recovery in the postoperative period.

It is possible to eliminate myopia if the indicators of visual impairment do not exceed 16 diopters. For farsightedness and astigmatism, the indicator should be no more than 6 diopters.

Femtosecond laser FS200 WaveLight

This device is a record holder for the formation of a corneal flap. This manipulation can be performed within 6 seconds.

With another device, you need to spend 20 seconds to carry out such actions.

What is unique is that, using this laser model, the ophthalmologist has the opportunity to form a corneal flap, while completely controlling its thickness, diameter, alignment and morphology.

Does not cause damage to nearby tissues and blood vessels. This device allows laser correction to be performed on patients who have anatomically thin corneas.

Microkeratome

Using these devices, laser eye correction is performed using the .

In this case, the inner layers of the cornea are affected.

It is very important that most of these devices can operate without external power sources (autonomous).

Moria Evolution 3

Allows you to perform the preparatory stage of forming a corneal flap.

The design of the device makes it possible to take an individual approach to this stage of the operation, taking into account.

In the vast majority of cases this gives a positive result. And the patient’s sensations, discomfort or pain practically do not appear.

Epikeratome Epi-K

The purpose of this device is to separate the epithelial layer of the cornea, which creates the opportunity for subsequent laser correction.

The uniqueness of this device is that the removed epithelial flap has a minimum thickness, and the subsequent operation is performed in a gentle manner.

Photorefractive keratectomy and laser intrastromal keratomyelosis

To correct vision using a laser, three main techniques are used.

They are considered:

• FRK(photorefractive keratectomy). This technique was one of the first to appear. It is used to this day to eliminate the symptoms of myopia in early stages. Initially, the epithelial layer of the cornea is removed, the deeper layers are evaporated. Recovery after surgery occurs within 5 days, less often it can take a week.
• LASEK(subepithelial keratomileusis). The operation is mainly performed on patients with an individual characteristic of a thin corneal layer. Using Bowman's membrane, stroma, and the epithelial layer, a valve is created, which is fixed with a contact lens. The operation is usually well tolerated by patients, rehabilitation period happens in a short time.
• LASIK (laser keratomileusis). Compared to other methods of laser corneal correction, this is the safest and most gentle type of surgery. Surgical intervention is divided into two stages:
  • First, the superficial corneal layer is cut off with a laser beam.
  • The second stage involves the elimination of pathological processes in the deep layers of the cornea, followed by restoration of the cut-off layer.

This technique allows you to get rid of advanced forms of any eye pathologies. The main advantage of this type of operation is practically complete absence complications and side effects.

IN Lately This methodology has expanded and been supplemented in three areas:

• Super LASIK. It is performed using a high-precision apparatus, taking into account the individual structural features of the patient’s visual organs. Has more high performance efficiency than previous methods.
• Femto Super LASIK. The method is similar to the previous version, the main difference is the cutting of the cornea using a femto laser.
• Presby LASIK. Surgical intervention using this technique is performed in people over 40 years of age.

According to most experts, the most promising and safest method is LASIK.

Postoperative period

To avoid negative reactions from the body and the occurrence of complications, it is necessary to comply with the rules and regulations prescribed by the ophthalmologist:

Consequences of surgery performed using a laser

Like any type of surgical intervention, when performing laser vision correction, unwanted side effects may develop.

The consequences include:

Restoring vision in myopia

Most often used:

Restoring vision in case of farsightedness

To deal with this pathological process, you can resort to traditional methods therapy.

They are:

In addition, people suffering from farsightedness are recommended to use:

Restoring vision with astigmatism

The correct choice of technique in the treatment of astigmatism can only be made by an ophthalmologist. It is impossible to solve this problem on your own.

To implement complex therapy the doctor may prescribe:

Cost of laser vision correction

Mostly this type operations are subject to payment. The approximate price may vary (depending on the region of Russia) from 27,000 to 105,000 rubles. The complexity and type of laser correction are also taken into account.

In some cases, applications from working citizens may be considered; after submission, it becomes possible to return them tax deduction (13%).

In all other situations, Insurance companies are considering this type surgical intervention How cosmetic procedure. This is an argument for the patient to pay on his own.

Sometimes companies can give a discount to regular customers or low-income social groups.

Conclusion

Laser surgery is a promising method for treating eye pathologies.

In most cases, the patient immediately after the operation forgets what glasses or contact lenses are.

In addition to restored vision, the operation creates a positive psycho-emotional mood for the patient.