Microbial dermatitis treatment. Microbial eczema on hands and feet

microbial eczema – clinical variety eczema, which is secondary in nature and develops on areas of the skin affected by a microbial or fungal infection. Most often, the localization of eczema is chronic pustular foci around poorly healing infected wounds, trophic ulcers, abrasions, scratches and other skin lesions. Inflammatory changes and eczematous manifestations in this pathology occur against the background of an already existing disease. Microbial eczema may appear due to varicose veins veins or as a result of chronic fungal skin diseases.

The most common causative agent of the disease is hemolytic streptococcus. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus or epidermal Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Candida mushrooms and other pathogens. Background diseases contribute to a decrease in the barrier function of the skin, and the addition of microbial agents causes sensitization of the body ( hypersensitivity to irritants) and provoke the development of microbial eczema.

According to statistics, the prevalence of this form of dermatitis is up to 25% of all cases of eczema. Microbial eczema is not contagious, but is prone to a chronic course requiring long-term treatment. What is the cause of the disease, what adverse factors provoke its development?

The emergence and development of microbial eczema occurs under the influence of a number of factors, both external and internal.

• Decreased immunity
• Diseases of the nervous system
• Dysfunction endocrine system
• genetic predisposition
• Allergic factor
• Diseases internal organs(liver, kidney, gastrointestinal tract)

The cause of the development of the disease is often varicose veins, lymphostasis, chronic fungal diseases skin. Hereditary predisposition and tendency to allergic reactions can provoke the disease. Allergic processes occurring in the body contribute to the development of a pathological immune response of tissues, accompanied by inflammation and damage. skin.

When infectious irritants interact with possible allergens, a chronic course of the disease develops, with constant recurrent inflammation in the epidermis.

Microbial eczema often occurs around poorly healing postoperative wounds, fistulas, trophic ulcers and other skin lesions as a result of insufficient antiseptic treatment and seeding. pathogenic microflora(staphylococcus, streptococcus, fungi).

Symptoms of microbial eczema

The clinical picture in microbial eczema is characterized by the formation of inflamed, sharply demarcated large foci, with a stratum corneum shearing along the periphery. On the inflamed areas, rashes appear in the form of bubble elements (vesicles) with serous contents. After their opening, weeping erosions are formed, a layer of purulent crusts is formed on the surface of the foci of eczema.

Loose elements are prone to confluence and peripheral growth. Around the foci of eczema on apparently healthy skin, screenings are observed (separate small pustules and dry scaly areas). The process of appearance and opening of the elements of the rash is accompanied by severe itching. Developed foci of eczema are located asymmetrically, prone to growth and the formation of secondary rashes.

Doctors distinguish several subspecies of microbial eczema, which differ in characteristic symptoms:

When the first symptoms of microbial eczema appear, it is necessary to seek medical care, otherwise further development disease threatens to spread infectious and inflammatory process and damage to extensive surfaces of the skin.

Diagnosis of the disease

Only a specialist can correctly diagnose the disease based on the history, the general picture of the disease and a number of laboratory tests. Visual inspection reveals characteristic external signs: rash, redness and swelling of the skin, the presence of weeping areas and purulent layers.

To clarify the diagnosis, there are special methods studies that examine skin samples for the presence of mycotic cells. Based on the study of skin scrapings under a microscope or using histological or bacteriological analysis a doctor can diagnose microbial eczema with certainty.

An important point is to determine the type of microorganism and identify its sensitivity to drugs, which is necessary for further successful treatment of the disease. In doubtful cases, do histological examination a biopsy specimen, a sample of which is taken from a deep focus of microbial eczema.

Microbial eczema must be differentiated from other types of eczema, other dermatitis, and manifestations of psoriasis. If you suspect the transition of microbial eczema to weeping (true), prescribe general analysis blood, determine the level of lymphocytes and immunoglobulins.

Only an experienced specialist knows how to treat microbial eczema and what drugs to choose in each case. It is unacceptable to engage in self-medication, the doctor will select the optimal treatment regimen, taking into account the patient's condition and possible contraindications that will achieve the best results and ensure a lasting positive effect.

Treatment of the disease is complex, it includes systemic therapy, local treatment, measures to prevent the spread of foci of eczema to healthy areas of the skin. Important role in the treatment of the disease plays the adjustment of nutrition and personal hygiene.

Systemic therapy

At severe course microbial eczema, accompanied by a bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed (ofloxacin, ampicillin, azithromycin, cefazolin). If eczema occurs against the background of a fungal infection, the use of antimycotic agents is indicated. With the spread of the process and the defeat of extensive skin patches, systemic corticosteroids (prednisolone, triamcinolone) and cytostatics (cyclosporine) are prescribed.

Antihistamines help to eliminate itching and reduce inflammation:

• diazolin,
• suprastin,
• lorotadine.

To strengthen the body's defenses and reduce susceptibility to irritants, intravenous infusions of sodium thiosulfate, calcium chloride are indicated.

Relieve stress and calm nervous system sedatives will help:

• bromine,
• valerian,
• motherwort.

In severe cases, with sleep disorders and nervous disorders, sleeping pills and antidepressants will help.

The course of the disease is facilitated by the intake of vitamin-mineral complexes. To increase the body's resistance and strengthen the immune system, injections of vitamins (A, B, E), and immunomodulators are prescribed.

Local treatment (ointments and creams)

Foci of microbial eczema are treated with ointments based on zinc, tar, ichthyol, naftalan oil. Make lotions with a solution of resorcinol, lead water, Castellani liquid. In the acute period, eczema foci are treated with brilliant green or solutions of aniline dyes.

If a bacterial causative agent of eczema is identified, ointments containing an antibiotic (dettol, drapolene) are prescribed. In the presence of a fungal infection, ointments containing antifungal components (exoderil, bifonazole, loceryl) are used.

In the case of extensive lesions and a severe course of the disease, the use of sprays and ointments with corticosteroids (celestoderm, elocom, advantan) is indicated. They should be used in short courses and only as directed by a doctor.

A good effect gives the appointment of anti-inflammatory non-hormonal drugs. These are ointments and creams Radevit, Losterin, Eplan.

AT recent times physicians are increasingly replacing hormonal ointments, which have serious side effects, on calciverin inhibitors. These are drugs such as tacrolimus, pimecrolimus. They cope well with the manifestations of eczema, even in large areas, quickly relieve inflammation and eliminate itching, without adversely affecting the body.

Effective lotions based on undiluted fish oil, the use of neutral ointments, a variety of powders and talkers. After the acute process subsides, it is recommended to undergo a course of physiotherapy procedures.

Methods of physiotherapy treatment

The methods of physiotherapy in the treatment of microbial eczema include:

• Ozone therapy.
• Cryotherapy
• Laser therapy
• UHF, UFO

A good result is achieved by applying mud applications, aseptic dressings with decoctions of herbs that have anti-inflammatory effects.

Patients are advised to follow a dairy-vegetarian diet, with a predominance of fermented milk products, fresh fruits and vegetables rich in fiber and vitamins in the diet. Food should be steamed, boiled or stewed. Spicy, salty, pickled foods, spices and seasonings are excluded from the menu.

You should stop eating chocolate, sweets, flour and confectionery. Alcohol, canned food, coffee are completely excluded. Do not eat foods that can cause allergic reactions(citrus fruits, berries, chicken eggs, seafood, nuts, sugary carbonated drinks). The menu can include vegetable soups, boiled vegetables, cereals, dietary meat.

As an addition to the main methods of treatment, you can use recipes traditional medicine. Lotions and applications from decoctions of medicinal plants will help to effectively relieve inflammation, irritation and itching.

Please note that before using folk recipes you need to consult with your doctor.

Eczema refers to inflammatory diseases of the skin that are not transmitted from person to person, being completely non-contagious. As a rule, eczema is presented in a chronic form with temporary exacerbations.

The medical history of this disease can be hereditary or allergic, it can develop under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors. Also, the culprits that provoke eczema include neuroendocrine, immunological and psychovegetative disorders.

Microbial eczema, the treatment and symptoms of which we will consider today, most often occurs in a person with a weakened immune protection. With a low level of immunity, the body becomes more susceptible to pathogens that fall into it.

This is primarily about such common pathogens as staphylococci and streptococci.

Etiology and pathogenesis

Why does microbial eczema occur, and what is it? This disease is classified as a secondary pathology, since it develops against the background of an already existing disease. Depending on the cause of its occurrence, eczema is divided into several types:

1. Sycosiform - observed in people with inflamed hair follicles. Weeping, inflamed, itchy red patches form on the skin. Localized in the chin area, upper lip, armpits, and genitals.
2. Varicose - develops on the legs with an advanced case.
3. Nummular - has lesions of a round shape, with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm, with serous-purulent crusts. Most often it appears on the hands.
4. Mitotic - appears when present.
5. Paratraumatic- develops around a long-standing injury, especially long-term non-healing wounds.
6. Eczema of the nipples - formed in women during breastfeeding, as well as against the background of scabies. It is characterized by the appearance of red, inflamed spots around the nipple, which become very wet.

The appearance of eczema may indicate problems with the organs gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, malfunctions in humoral regulation organism. Also, with the disease, dysgammaglobulinemia, a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes, and an increase in the number of B-lymphocytes are observed. These symptoms mean that true reason the onset of the disease is immune deficiency.

Risk factors

People at risk include:

• under stress;
• with digestive problems;
• with disorders of the endocrine system;
• with weak immunity;
• with manifestations of allergic diathesis;
• with allergic diseases;
• with low level personal hygiene.

It should be noted that in the pathogenesis and onset of the disease, it is the latter factor that plays huge role. In most cases, lesions are localized on the legs and arms due to their high sweating and poor hygiene in these places.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of microbial eczema include an inflammatory lesion of the skin, accompanied by various rashes(papules or vesicles), as well as weeping erosion. The process of rash is usually accompanied by severe itching.

The foci have large scalloped edges and eventually merge without leaving in the affected area healthy skin. On the surface of the foci of inflammation of microbial eczema is concentrated a large number of purulent crusts.

Improper treatment of microbial eczema or traumatic effects on lesions can lead to the appearance of secondary allergic rashes. Such rashes are distinguished by polymorphism and are represented by red-edematous spots, vesicles, pustules and papules.

With the progression of the process, these rashes merge, forming areas of weeping erosions, and spread to previously healthy areas of the skin. Thus, microbial eczema is transformed into true.

Microbial eczema: photo

How this ailment looks like in the photo, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the pictures.

Treatment of microbial eczema

When microbial eczema is discovered, the main task of treatment involves maintaining the body as a whole, because eczema, as a rule, has a chronic course, so it is very rarely possible to completely get rid of it.

Treatment of microbial eczema on the legs or arms depends on the medical history and the results of the studies. It is aimed primarily at the treatment of the underlying pathology and the impact on the chronic focus of inflammation.

Depending on the causes of the origin of the disease, it is required to treat fungal infections skin, pyoderma, sycosis or other relevant pathology. In the case of varicose microbial eczema, treatment includes taking drugs to improve blood circulation.

1. Careful personal hygiene, but the exclusion of prolonged contact with water for skin areas with microbial eczema.
2. Prevention of overheating of the body, as well as injury to the affected area.
3. Elimination of foci of chronic infection.
4. Wearing underwear made from natural fabrics.
5. The diet is predominantly lacto-vegetarian with the addition of meat dishes, cereals, fruits, with the exception of citrus fruits. Limit fluid intake, alcohol, canned and spicy foods.
6. With varicose form of microbial eczema - wearing thick rubber stockings or bandaging the legs, treatment of varicose veins.

In addition, treatment includes taking sedatives, antiseptic and antibacterial agents.

Local therapy

At home, you can use a topical treatment for microbial eczema on the hands or feet, it is as follows:

1. Lotions are made from lead water, as well as a 1% solution of resorcinol, treatment with Castellani liquid.
2. When eczema was provoked bacterial pathogen, apply ointments which include antibiotics, for example, Bactroban, Dettol.
3. If the foci of inflammation have slight weeping spots, drugs containing tar, naphthalene ointment are used.
4. In the case of a fungal pathogen, antifungal ointments are used, for example, Exoderil, Loceryl.

For a more severe form of the disease, it is necessary to use the usual therapy with the use of hydrocortisone ointment and glucocorticosteroid agents, which will help you stop the recurrence. In certain cases, these methods of taking these drugs are used constantly with additional supporting vitamin B and C intramuscularly.

After removal acute phase and stopping the process, irradiation should be applied to the affected area of ​​the skin with therapeutic ultraviolet radiation. To consolidate the success of the treatment, therapeutic mud is used. It is necessary to protect the skin from exposure to frost, snow, sun, rain, and also cover them with aseptic dressings.

It turns out that every third person on earth at least once, but faced with eczema. This is a disease that affects the skin and is expressed by severe itching, redness. One of the varieties of this disease is The photo of this disease can be seen in the pictures below. Appearance of the affected foci is not very pleasant: they become covered with crusts, get wet, look unaesthetic. Microbial eczema differs from other infectious skin diseases in that it is caused not only by the microorganism itself, but by malfunctions. immune system person. And this greatly complicates the process of recovery.

Kinds

Microbial eczema can be:

Acute - lasts from several weeks to 3 months. A bright red spot appears on the skin, it itches, gets wet.

Subacute - lasts from 3 months to six months. Here, not only reddening of the skin is observed, but also its compaction, the appearance of peeling.

Chronic - lasts more than 6 months. The affected skin is very dense, the color is very different from the surrounding tissues.

Where can it appear?

Microbial eczema, a photo of which can be seen in the article, occurs:

In places of chronic pyoderma.

Around trophic ulcers.

In the area of ​​poorly healing wounds.

Near abrasions, fistulas.

On sick legs (varicose veins).

Reasons for the appearance

Before starting the treatment of microbial eczema, it is necessary to find out what was the reason for the development of this disease. The causes of the disease may be as follows:

Heredity.

Weakened immunity.

Allergy consequences.

Diseases of the internal organs.

Violation of the hormonal background.

frequent stress, nervous disorders, depression.

Impact on the body of adverse natural factors.

Who is at risk? People with high susceptibility to pathogens of microbial eczema - streptococci. They often:

1. Neglect personal hygiene.
2. They have problems with the digestive tract, as well as the endocrine system.
3. Experiencing stress.
4. They are constantly sick, the defenses of such people are exhausted.

Microbial eczema - hands

Appears as a result of complications formed around wounds, ulcers, fistulas, burns. Treatment of microbial eczema on the hands is a lengthy exercise, since a person usually comes into contact with various objects, household chemicals without wearing gloves. The therapy for this disease is different for each patient, because people have different type, the severity of the disease. Also, when choosing a method of treatment, the doctor takes into account the age of the patient, his general state of health.

In general, microbial treatment should be comprehensive. The specialist prescribes the following groups of drugs:

1. Enterosobents to reduce intoxication. It can be such preparations in the form of tablets as "Atoxil", "Polysorb".
2. Antibiotics. These can be aminoglycosides, macrolides, fluoroquinolones.
3. Hormonal treatment. Preparations "Prednisolone", "Dexamethasone".
4. Vitamin therapy. Be sure to appoint ascorbic, folic acid, vitamins of groups E and B.
5. Antihistamines. These can be drugs such as Zirtek, Loratadin, Erius, Lomilan, etc.
6. Immunostimulants - "Timogen", "Plasmol", etc.

We must not forget that microbial eczema on the hands is treated more slowly than on the legs. After all, the lower limbs may not be in contact with chemicals, detergents and others. But with hands, a person daily washes dishes, washes clothes, etc. Therefore, doctors give such recommendations to patients for a speedy recovery:

If possible, limit, and it is better to stop using products for washing floors and dishes.

Water should not be hot, the optimum temperature is 37 degrees.

Microbial eczema on the lower extremities

The disease can also begin on the legs if microbes get into wounds and abrasions. Symptoms of the disease in lower limbs- the appearance of purulent vesicles, redness, itching. Microbial is treated in the same way as on the hands. Antibacterial, antiseptic and antifungal drugs. Medicines are used externally and internally. If the disease is accompanied by varicose veins, then the treatment of microbial eczema on the legs is supplemented by wearing special compression underwear - stockings, socks, tights, which tone up blood flow. The doctor also advises the patient:

Do not load your legs.

Avoid walking long distances.

Wear well-ventilated shoes to get rid of rashes on your feet.

Wear natural socks.

At night, put a small cushion or pillow under your feet.

Popular topical antibiotic for microbial eczema

Preparation for local therapy diseases resulting from bacterial infections skin and soft tissues, which is successfully used in medicine, is called "Bactroban". Instructions for use of this medication are as follows:

Apply ointment 2 to 3 times a day. Apply a small amount of the product to the problem area, put a bandage on top.

Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after applying the drug.

The duration of therapy with this ointment is up to 10 days, depending on the severity of microbial eczema. If no improvement occurs within 5 days, then the patient needs to consult a doctor to change the treatment regimen.

Cream "Bactroban", instructions for the use of which must be in the package with the medication, can be used both as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs.

Corticosteroid drug

An effective ointment with anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and anti-edematous effects, successfully used for dermatitis, psoriasis and eczema, is called "Lokoid". As active substance hydrocortisone 17-butyrate is used. Cream "Lokoid", the price of which is quite high, given that the ointment is sold in tubes of only 30 g, is used as follows:

Apply the product to problem areas 1 to 3 times a day. With the improvement of the skin condition, reduce the use of the drug to 3 times a week.

Apply the ointment with massaging movements. The therapeutic course is set individually and depends on the patient's condition and the course of the disease.

Attention! Dermatologists prescribe patients to apply ointment from 30 to 60 g for 1 week, and it costs about 350 rubles. for a tube. Considering that the Lokoid drug, the price of which may initially seem low, is spent rapidly - a package for 7 days - it is easy to calculate how much money a person will have to spend if his course of therapy is 3 weeks. It turns out that from 1050 to 1800 r. And that's just for this ointment. But it is necessarily used together with other drugs for complex therapy.

Solution "Soderm"

This is another remedy that is used to treat microbial eczema. The drug belongs to corticosteroid medicines. Soderm solution relieves itching and pain. You can use the product up to 4 times a week. Treating microbial eczema with this solution can bring a person side effects, for example, allergic reactions will appear in the form of itching, spots, excessive hair growth in unwanted places.

The drug "Soderm" is prohibited to use in such cases:

People who have skin tuberculosis, smallpox, acne, skin manifestations of syphilis.

Children under 1 year old.

At skin reactions after vaccinations.

With individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

A solution is used to treat microbial eczema on the head. The patient independently applies a small amount of the drug using a special nozzle on hairy part diseased head.

Cancellation means "Soderm" should be gradual.

Ointment "Triderm"

Treatment of microbial eczema with this drug gives a good result if a person uses the cream 2 times a day without interruption for 2 weeks. Means "Triderm" has the following effects:

Anti-inflammatory;

Antibacterial;

Antiallergic;

Antipruritic;

Antifungal.

This drug is quite effective, it quickly relieves inflammation on the skin, but in some cases it is forbidden to use it:

With diagnoses such as chickenpox, herpes, tuberculosis manifestations of syphilis.

For open wounds.

Toddlers up to 2 years old.

Use the cream with caution for pregnant women, especially in the 1st trimester, for children over 2 years old.

Physiotherapy methods

In addition to the use of microbial eczema, dermatologists also prescribe drugs for oral administration, diet. Also, the patient can be offered one of the options for physiotherapy:

Laser treatment.

Electrophoresis with drugs.

Irradiation with ultraviolet.

The impact of ozone.

People who successfully get rid of microbial eczema must take preventive measures in the future so that the problem does not return again. Be sure to increase immunity, exclude from the diet those foods that may be allergens, and observe personal hygiene.

Ignoring the problem

If a person does not go to the doctor, does not respond to a disease such as microbial eczema, treatment (ointment, pills, physiotherapy, folk remedies) assigned by a specialist is ignored, this can lead to serious consequences and cause:

Spread of red, itchy patches to other areas of the skin.

The appearance of Kaposi's eczema, a herpes infection.

The development of a chronic form of microbial eczema, from which it is impossible to get rid of.

Also, such sad consequences can be observed in those patients who independently try to eliminate the disease. Only a specialist after a series of tests, evaluations general condition the patient's health can prescribe the correct treatment regimen. Therefore, if you suspect this skin disease, you do not need to try to pick up drugs on your own, you must urgently go for a consultation with a dermatologist.

Conclusion

In this article, the reader got acquainted with such an unpleasant problem as microbial eczema. Not a single person is immune from this disease, because various factors can serve as the reasons for its appearance: from frequent stress before adverse conditions residence. It is necessary to treat microbial eczema in a complex way: take medicines, lubricate problem areas with ointments, such as Triderm, Lokoid, Bactroban. Also, do not forget about diet and personal hygiene. A timely appeal to a dermatologist will help not to start the problem and not to transfer it into the category of chronic ailments.

Microbial eczema is inflammatory disease allergic skin. As a rule, it is formed on areas of the skin affected by microbial or fungal infections. inflammatory process. Microbial eczema is secondary.

According to medical statistics, the microbial subtype of eczema is from 12 to 27% of all cases of eczema. Most often it is formed in areas of purulent skin lesions: in the area of ​​poorly healing postoperative wounds, around ulcers, abrasions. Also, the disease can develop in areas of varicose veins.

A photo

Causes of development of microbial eczema

One of the reasons for the development of this disease is varicose veins of the extremities. Also among the reasons is skin irritation against the background of repeated eczematization of purulent skin lesions. The main causative agent is hemolytic streptococcus. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, fungi of the genus Candida and others act as the causative agent.

Most often, microbial eczema is formed against the background of exposure to internal and external factors, which include a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, diseases of the kidneys, liver, nervous and endocrine systems. And accordingly, this disease can be found in places of chronic purulent skin lesions: wounds, abrasions, burns, trophic ulcers.

Particular attention is paid to genetic predisposition, which is based on the chromosomal immune set. If a certain number of allergens accumulate in the human body, in this case, microbial eczema acquires chronic form followed by recurrent inflammation of the skin.

Symptoms of microbial eczema

Microbial eczema develops in the area of ​​purulent lesions of the skin - ulcers, scratches, abrasions, fistulas. The lesions are covered with a dense green-yellow crust large sizes. Inflammations have clear boundaries.

In some cases, inflammation has the feature of asymmetric growth. Quite often, the process is accompanied by severe itching and exacerbations.

Dry microbial eczema leaves large lamellar scales on the skin, which are easily removed, forming an area of ​​dry, shiny skin with slight redness.

Improperly selected treatment can lead to the development of a secondary infection, which will manifest itself in the form of erythematous rashes, allergic spots, vesicles, and so on. Without adequate treatment, infectious foci merge with each other, forming large areas of weeping erosion.

Types of microbial eczema

Microbial eczema can coalesce to form extensive, inflamed patches of skin.

Microbial eczema is divided into 5 main subspecies depending on the location and clinical manifestations:

1. Varicose - usually develops against the background of varicose veins or venous insufficiency. When sores appear on the affected area, edema with moderate itching may form.
2. Nummular (coin-like, plaque) - a distinctive feature from other subspecies are the rounded shapes of infected areas, reaching a diameter of 1-3 cm. The affected areas have clear boundaries, with severe swelling and purulent crusts. As a rule, they form on the hands.
3. Post-traumatic - is formed due to violations of the healing processes of the skin after any injuries, operations, wounds. It is characterized by the main signs of microbial eczema.
4. Eczema of the nipples - formed in women during breastfeeding, as well as against the background of scabies. It is characterized by the appearance of red, inflamed spots around the nipple, which become very wet.
5. Sycosiform - observed in people with inflamed hair follicles. Weeping, inflamed, itchy red patches form on the skin. It is localized in the area of ​​the chin, upper lip, armpit, as well as the genitals.

Diagnosis of microbial eczema

Diagnosis is a scraping from the affected area of ​​the skin and further bactericidal research. Microscopy reveals mycotic cells. An important detail is to determine the exact type of microorganism in order to determine the sensitivity to various drugs.

In more advanced cases, a histological examination of the biopsy (material obtained by biopsy) is performed, extracted from the deep layers of the infected area. During a visual examination, it is possible to determine the swelling of the skin, the location of eczema and the main external signs.

If the doctor has a suspicion of the transition of microbial eczema to true, in this case, the patient takes a general blood test, the level of immunoglobulins, as well as T-lymphocytes, is determined.

Treatment of microbial eczema

Treatment of microbial eczema consists of taking topical medications, systemic medications, maintaining a specific diet, as well as other hygiene and care measures for the affected skin.

• Careful hygiene of the affected areas of the skin, without prolonged exposure to water.
• It is impossible to injure and overheat the infected areas.
• It is necessary to eliminate a chronic infection.
• It is recommended to wear underwear made exclusively from natural fabrics.
• In the presence of varicose eczema, it is recommended to wear tight stockings or bandage the legs.
• Limit the consumption of spicy foods, alcohol, canned foods. Eat dairy, vegetable products, cereals, fruits, lean meat.

Local treatment is as follows:

• Lotions are prepared from lead water, as well as a 1% solution of resorcinol, treatment with Castellani liquid.
• If the foci of inflammation have slight weeping spots, preparations containing tar, naphthalene ointment are used.
• If eczema was caused by a bacterial pathogen, antibiotic ointments are used, for example, Bactroban, Dettol.
• In the case of a fungal pathogen, antifungal ointments are used, for example, Exoderil, Loceryl.
• If the affected area has reached a large size, corticosteroid sprays and ointments are used, such as Elokom, Lokoid.

Systemic treatment is as follows (in severe disease):

• Antibiotic therapy - ampicillin, ofloxacin, azithromycin.
• With a fungal infection, an antimycotic is prescribed - fluconazole.
• Systemic administration of corticosteroids and cytostatics.
• Antihistamines medications- suprastin, lorotadine.
• Taking sedatives - motherwort, valerian, some types of sleeping pills.
• Vitamin therapy - vitamins of groups A, B.
• Physiotherapy - UHF, laser therapy, ozone therapy, magnetotherapy.

Folk remedies for the treatment of microbial eczema

Infusion from herbal collection perfect as a treatment for mild microbial eczema.

As additional treatment to systemic and local therapy it is proposed to use folk methods treatment of microbial eczema on the legs, arms and other parts of the body. What can be used:

• Lotions on herbal decoction- we take 20 grams of herbal collection of nettle, calendula, succession, yarrow, St. John's wort. We take 1 tablespoon of the resulting mixture, pour a glass of boiling water and leave for 2 hours. Then apply lotions on the affected skin for 30 minutes.
• We take 100 grams of fresh leaves walnut add half a liter cold water, put on fire, boil for 5 minutes. After we insist for a while and wipe the affected areas of the skin.
• To strengthen the immune system, prepare an infusion of dandelion root. To do this, take 1 tablespoon of chopped dandelion root, pour 400 ml of boiled water and leave for one night. We take 50 ml 3 times a day.

As preventive measures it is necessary to carefully and timely disinfect the affected areas of the skin, to carry out thorough hygiene. It is also recommended to adhere to a dairy-vegetable hypoallergenic diet and eliminate bad habits.

Remember that a timely visit to the doctor will avoid exacerbations of the disease and cure it more quickly.

Bacterial dermatitis is a group of skin diseases that provoke bacteria that are aggressive to humans. Most often, pathology occurs as a complication after past infection against the background of a decrease in the body's immune response. Sometimes dermatitis manifests itself as an independent disease.

Causes

The main causes of bacterial dermatitis:

• Active reproduction of pathogenic bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci, saprophytes, neutrophils) on the skin.
• Decreased immunity below the acceptable threshold, when the body can not cope with the protection against the simplest bacteria.

Gram-positive microorganisms of the staphylococcus group are distinguished by high survival, rapid cell division, and amazing resistance to antibiotics. These simple bacteria are able to develop immunity to any drugs.

Skin problems most often occur when two types of staphylococci are activated:

The provoking factors for the occurrence of dermatitis are:

• Complication after infectious disease as an autoimmune response of the body.
• Infection of a wound on the body with staphylococci and other pathogens.
• Immunodeficiency. A weakened immune system can not cope with the attacks of viruses.
• Infection during surgery, blood transfusion.
• Phlebeurysm.

The interaction of several factors increases the risk of the disease.

The bacterial form is contagious and is transmitted from person to person in two ways.:

Clinical picture

In humans, this type of dermatitis is manifested by the following symptoms:

• spots and rashes on the skin;
• weakness, fever, fever(not necessary).

In severe cases, the rash turns into eczema, it is possible to re-infect the foci of inflammation. As you can see in the photo below, loose elements can look like papules with liquid. Periodically, they burst and form scales like seborrhea or psoriasis.

Untimely access to a doctor can lead to a number of complications, including: scarring of the skin (scars), vitiligo, hyperpigmentation.

Features of the course in children

In children, the disease most often occurs due to frequent contact of babies with environment and unstable immunity. Often bacterial form dermatitis manifests itself in the form of impetigo, pyoderma.

The rash may not appear immediately, sometimes it is preceded by a feverish state, general weakness, high fever. Bacterial lesions of the dermis are often wet, heal poorly and cause discomfort.

Symptoms of the disease depend on the age of the child:

• In children under 3 years of age, dermatitis is acute, with fever. Pimples, ulcers, papules, weeping suppurations, cracks appear. Localization: elbow and knee bends, face, less often - torso.
• From 3 to 12 years, the disease manifests itself in the form of a rash on back side palms, neck and in the places of the folds of the arms and legs. Severe redness and swelling are characteristic. After healing, the skin thickens and becomes rough.
• Children from 12 years of age get sick like adults. In this group, self-healing with subsequent relapses is possible.

The course of the disease in children is complicated by the fact that the child's skin is more prone to eczema. The kid can not tolerate itching like an adult. He combs the wounds and this contributes to re-infection.

At the slightest suspicion of bacterial dermatitis in a child, medical attention should be sought immediately. If the rash is accompanied high temperature, it is better to call a doctor at home.

Therapy

Diagnosis is carried out by a dermatologist during a visual examination of the skin. The etymology of the disease can be established only after bacteriological cultures and blood tests for virus markers.

Therapy takes place in 3 stages: the fight against the cause pathological process, removal of an inflammation, restoration of integuments.

Used drugs:

• bacterial lysates. Increase the body's resistance to bacteria (Imudon, IRS-19, Respibron).
• Antibiotics. Assign external and system tools(Levomycetin, Bactroban, Cephalosporin, Baneocin). Most staphylococci remain in the body forever, even strong medications can only remove acute condition. Before the appointment, an analysis is carried out to determine the sensitivity of the bacteria to a particular antibiotic.
• Antihistamines to get rid of itching, redness and swelling (Claritin, Tavegil).
• Antiseptics to prevent secondary infection (brilliant green solution, Fukortsin).
• Softening ointments (Panthenol, Bepanten) for the regeneration of affected areas.

Hormonal drugs for bacterial dermatitis can be dangerous.

During treatment, the patient should be protected from contact with other people, quarantine measures should be observed.

Alternative medicine

For fixing therapeutic effect you can use folk remedies. They combat symptoms but should not replace primary treatment.

Prevention

To prevent re-infection and protect yourself and your loved ones from bacterial dermatitis, you must follow the following rules:

• observe the rules of personal hygiene;
• lead healthy lifestyle life, which will provide high immunity;
• avoid contact with people suffering from this disease;
• get vaccinated against dangerous viral diseases;
• at the first suspicion, immediately consult a doctor.

Self-medication for bacterial dermatitis is dangerous and can lead to serious complications affecting the internal organs.