How to cure hives due to stress? Rash on the wrist of a child. Skin rash in a child on the arms and legs Skin rashes on the arms in children

Everyone has suffered from a rash at least once in their life. A red rash on the hands can occur from many factors: biochemical, physiological and anatomical, differ in varying degrees of pain sensitivity.

It must be understood that it is not only aesthetic problem, which must be disposed of due to an unpleasant appearance, but often the body, in this way, tries to tell its owner about the presence of very serious failures.

At the first sign of a rash, you should immediately consult a doctor so that he can diagnose and cause the spread of a red rash on his hands and recommend methods of treatment.

Varieties of red rash on the hands

The normal appearance of the skin reflects the internal health of a person, but as soon as failures occur in the body, they appear first of all on the dermis. Peeling, red rash, and many other symptoms can indicate internal disorders of the body.

That is why there are a number of different types of red rash, differing in appearance and causes:

• bubble- a small cavity filled with serous fluid inside, has a size of no more than 1 centimeter. They are divided into single and multi-chamber. After their opening, sores and erosion remain on the dermis;
• abscesses are divided into a number of types: deep, follicular, superficial, but all of them are distinguished by one nature - there is pus in the cavity of the pustule;
• papules or nodules can have a size of 1 ml to 3 cm. Their presence changes the color and texture of the skin;
• - are small formations on the skin. Their color is pink, and the life span is quite small. Very often they do not require medical intervention and disappear after a few hours;
• specks- change the color of the skin, while the damaged dermis continues to be on the same level with the healthy one.

Causes of rashes on the palms and arms

A red rash on the palms and arms can appear for a variety of reasons. They can be harmless enough like a cold, or they can be a symptom of a number of serious diseases.

Allergic dermatitis

— dermatological disease, is allergic in nature. A red rash occurs as a response of the body to an external irritant, that is, an allergen.

It appears only if the body is initially predisposed and sensitive to this allergic reaction. The problem has a delayed effect, that is, for a full manifestation, it takes time for the reaction to occur and the development of an allergy to a provoking factor.

Such an allergy is one of the subspecies of urticaria, therefore, it requires the intervention of a doctor and treatment.

Manifestations and on the hands:

Antibiotics - by themselves, these drugs are strong allergens, they cause the strongest reaction penicillin group and sulfonamides.

on hands:

Allergic urticaria

It is the body's reaction to an allergen.

Manifestations and causes of allergic urticaria on the hands:

Allergic rash on the hands of a child

An allergic rash on the hands of a child can appear at any age.

Manifestations and causes of an allergic rash in children on the hands:

contact dermatitis

Also called allergic because it occurs due to constant exposure to the hands. irritants and allergens.

Manifestations and causes of contact dermatitis in our hands:

Atopic dermatitis

Ordinary dermatitis, gradually developing, in subsequent years begins to have its own nature.

Appears due to inflammation on the skin, it often appears even in infants and children, and in adulthood it is not so common.

Symptoms of a problem on the hands are:

To cure this disease, careful monitoring by a dermatologist and an allergist is required with the appointment of a number of powerful drugs for hormonal basis and antihistamines.

Enteroviral infection

A red rash with such a disease affects mainly children under 5 years old, in adults it is a very rare occurrence.

Manifestations of enterovirus infection on the hands:

Eczema

A chronic disease of a neuro-allergic nature.

Manifestations of eczema on the hands:

Scabies

Manifestations and on the hands:

• The cause of this disease and the red rash as a symptom is the scabies mite;
• Severe itching, inflammation in the form of papules and vesicles, often on the folds, can affect not only the hands, but the rest of the body;
• Often there are complications in the form of pustules, since the disease is polymorphic;
• It has a high degree of contagion;
• However, the possibility of relapse is extremely small, since during the manifestation of the disease for the first time, the body intensively produces antibodies to strengthen immunity;
• The rash usually appears between the fingers or on the wrist.

Syphilis

A sexually transmitted disease that is characterized by damage to the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs person.

Manifestations of syphilis on the hands:

• One of the symptoms is the presence of red spots on the palms and arms;
• The disease is distinguished by its number of characteristic features such as swelling of the genital organs, weakness, itching.

If this kind of problem occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor to prevent the appearance of rotting of the body. Syphilis is highly contagious, so you should completely exclude sexual activity until a complete cure.

Gonorrhea

Manifestations of gonorrhea on the hands:

Intestinal yersiniosis

Manifestations and causes of intestinal yersiniosis on the hands:

Psoriasis

Manifestations and on the hands:

Vasculitis

Manifestations and causes of vasculitis on the hands:

Meningococcus

Meningococcal disease is an incredibly dangerous disease, in many cases, it turns out to be fatal or chains a person to a wheelchair.

Manifestations and causes of meningococcus on the hands:

It should not be allowed to appear on the face.

Measles

In childhood, children very often get measles, although many parents vaccinate their children.

Manifestations and causes of measles on the hands:

Rubella

Another childhood illness of a viral nature. For children, it is not dangerous enough, except for cases of illness of the mother during pregnancy.

on hands:

You can get vaccinated to prevent rubella.

Chickenpox

Chickenpox can occur at any age, but it is less dangerous for children.

Manifestations and on the hands:

sensitivity to colds

When vascular permeability is impaired in the body, small and large hemorrhages appear on the skin.

However, they do not just appear, but are provoked by a number of other factors, in particular, the usual fever during a cold.

So such sensitivity can be attributed to diseases of the circulatory system.

Herpes

The following factors can provoke on the hands:

Herpetic eruptions on the palms and back of the hand are rare. But this is the most unpleasant area for the patient, because the palms are most often used in everyday life.

Methods for diagnosing the source of the rash

Diagnosing the source of the rash is quite a difficult question. Such a diagnosis is made only by a dermatologist.

Diagnostics for adults:

• visual inspection- the rash is checked for characteristic features, quite often they are individual for many diseases;
• To exclude a rash as a symptom of an infectious disease, a number of tests are prescribed:
  • study of the secret of abscesses;
  • blood test - this additional information helps to obtain additional information for making a diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of rash in children:

• Initial examination of the child and palpation of the rash for characteristic features;
• Comparison of clinical examination with other research methods such as the primary element of the rash and the nature of its distribution. For example, if a rash appeared on the first day of illness, then this viral infection. There is a summary table of such comparisons that helps the doctor calculate the source of the rash.

Treatment Methods

Treatment of a red rash on the hands depends entirely on the diagnosis. If it is only a consequence of another disease, then drugs are prescribed that are intended to cure the underlying disease, and not the symptom.

For easy itching and burning relief:

• You can simply treat the rash with brilliant green or an antiseptic to dry the bubbles, they prevent injury to the rash;
• Use a special ointment, for example, Skin-Cap or Panthenol.

For the treatment of scabies is usually used:

• Ice or corticosteroid ointment may be used to relieve severe itching during treatment.

Allergic dermatitis requires:

• Find out the allergen and remove it from your life;
• It will be necessary to revise nutrition, cosmetics, animals, flower plants and many other substances;
• For treatment, they will help, aimed at reducing swelling and redness, like Fenistil and Advantan.

Preventive measures

To prevent the appearance of a red rash, you can use the following rules:

• Always adhere to the rules of hygiene, wash hands before eating and after visiting public places warm water and soap;
• In the cold season, wear gloves or mittens, and in the warm season, do not expose them to direct sunlight for a long time;
• Use rubber gloves while cleaning to minimize exposure to strong chemicals;
• Normalize the diet by removing any allergens from it;
• Do not touch unfamiliar animals on the street;
• Each family member in the house should have their own hygiene items, you can’t use strangers;
• Use a moisturizing hand cream.

Conclusion

Most often, a red rash on the hands appears due to an allergic reaction of the body to external stimuli. Avoiding them is easy enough, as well as curing.

Another thing is if the rash is a symptom of another disease. That is why, after detecting inflammation, you need to immediately consult a doctor for diagnosis and subsequent treatment, and not just hide your hands.

A rash that appears on the hands of a child can be a manifestation of various diseases and the action of external factors.

This is a fairly common phenomenon in children, in which the main thing is to understand the causes in order to eliminate the disease.

Types and causes of rashes

There are several reasons for the appearance of a rash. It can appear due to many factors, ranging from those acting on the child's body, and ending with the child's non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.

Allergy

At the very beginning, the doctor will carefully examine and study the nature of the rash by color, the number of pimples and other elements formed, determine the type of rash, and also analyze the localization of the rash (on the wrist, between the fingers, on the elbows).

After examining the external signs, the doctor will clarify the presence of conditions that could provoke the disease:

• the child's tendency to allergic reactions;
• hereditary diseases in the family;
• previous infectious diseases.

After the examination, the patient will be issued a referral for a general blood and urine test.

Treatment for atopic dermatitis is very similar to treatment for allergies. Apply anti-inflammatory ointments: Triderm, Tsindol. Hormonal ointments:, Elokom, as well as antihistamines.

For viral and infectious diseases, systematic treatment is prescribed (drugs that increase immunity, antipyretics, vitamins and antiviral drugs), all on the recommendation of a doctor, so it is absolutely impossible to treat these diseases on your own. It is very important to drink plenty of fluids when you are sick. After the virus is cured, the rash goes away on its own and leaves no traces.

In the treatment of scabies is necessary:

• change of bed linen and towels, as well as their washing at 90ºС;
• treatment of furniture with insecticides.

Scabies is treated with benzyl benzoate, Medifox, Lindane and other anti-scabies agents. After treatment, a rash and redness on the hands of the child may remain. In these cases, the doctor prescribes the reception, and other antihistamines.

You can resort to traditional medicine, which is rich in its recipes to relieve itching from rashes. Chamomile infusions and teas are the safest for children. For baths it is very good to use oak bark.

To prepare the infusion, you need to pour 3 tablespoons of dry grass with a glass of boiling water. Let it brew for 20 minutes. Baths with herbs should be done every other day.

Prevention

Methods of prevention, as well as methods of treatment, depend on the cause of the rash on the hands. The child must be protected from diseases that are accompanied by this unpleasant symptom.

The following activities will be useful:

1. Vaccination against infectious diseases: chicken pox, rubella and measles.
2. Immunity boost. Strong the immune system is a good protection against various diseases. To strengthen it, you need to harden, play sports and walk more often on fresh air.
3. If you are prone to allergic rashes, you need to limit contact with allergens, whether it be food or household chemicals. All home care products must be hypoallergenic. In clothes, give preference to natural fabrics (linen, cotton).
4. In winter, make sure that your hands on the street are always in mittens or gloves.

Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene is a very important point for the prevention of rashes on the hands of a child. children from the very young age you need to teach them to thoroughly wash their hands with soap: after walking on the street, going to the toilet, before eating and contact with other people's toys. It is dirty hands that cause many diseases.

• bacteria;
• viruses;
• fungi;
• allergens;
• chemical substances.

A rash in a child is an element that appears on the skin or mucous membranes due to any pathological changes in the state of the body. They differ in texture, appearance, color.

Primary elements include:

Papule (nodule) - tubercle, has no cavity, diameter is from 1-3 mm to 1-3 cm, is palpable;

Blister - a cavityless element, pink, itchy;

Bubble - has a cavity and a lid, size - up to 0.5 cm, filled with serous contents, and with a size of more than 0.5 cm is called a bubble;

Abscess (pustule) - the cavity of the element is filled with purulent contents;

Spot - local discoloration of the upper layer of the epidermis;

Roseola - a spot with a diameter of 1-5 mm, pale pink or red;

Hemorrhage - is a hemorrhage into the skin in the form of spots or dots;

Secondary elements of the rash - atrophy, scar, fissure, abrasion, erosion, scales, ulcer, etc.

Causes of rashes

Among the most common causes of skin rashes in children are the following:

If a child has a fever, chills, sore throat and stomach, cough, vomiting, and so on, then the cause of the rash is an infection. Among the most common infectious diseases, physicians distinguish chicken pox, measles, rubella, etc.

These dangerous pathogens can provoke the appearance of various problems, up to the formation of burns on the child's body and scarring. Therefore, it is necessary urgent intervention specialists in the field of medicine and prevention of the disease at an early stage of its development.

Allergic rashes can be associated with improperly selected baby food in the diet and allergens after contact with the environment. In the first case, the allergens are all kinds of dyes, sweeteners, preservatives, tomatoes, eggs, fish delicacies, and so on.

To allergens environment include: washing powders, dust, unsanitary conditions, dirt, individual intolerance to certain foods, natural wool, etc.

An allergic rash will be accompanied by swollen areas around the eyes and lips. Jellyfish, nettle leaves, mosquito bites can cause a strong allergic reaction in a child.

Rashes on the body can become more and more every day. They may have prominent relief and swollen, red skin.

Itching may not leave a child for a minute.

In newborn babies, rashes on the face can occur due to an unbalanced diet of the mother during pregnancy. In infancy, a scattering of red spots on the cheeks appears for the same reason: the nurse includes foods that cause such a reaction in the diet.

A common cause is prickly heat, in which small pimples of a pink or reddish hue appear on the back.

Allergies are provoked not only by food, but also by drugs, clothing or bedding material, washing powders and other detergents.

Another group of causes that cause a profuse rash on the back and body are infectious diseases. Some of the ailments are dangerous - scarlet fever, measles, etc.

One of common causes rashes on the abdomen in crumbs is an allergy.

In an excessively heated room, a warmly dressed child sweats, causing prickly heat. These pinkish formations can appear in different places on the baby's body, but quite often it is the tummy that is affected.

Rashes can also be caused by a blood disease, an infectious disease. If small red spots turn into blisters with liquid, then this is most likely chickenpox.

And the concentration of a bright red rash in the lower abdomen may indicate scarlet fever. The appearance of double rashes around the navel indicates scabies.

There are many reasons correct diagnosis can only be installed by a specialist. After talking with a pediatrician, you should also consult a pediatric dermatologist.

If the rash on the legs is accompanied by fever, cough, lethargy, headache, sore throat and loss of appetite, then we are talking about an infectious disease.

With rashes on the feet, the inner surface of the thigh, especially if the pimples go in pairs and are interconnected, a scabies mite lesion will be diagnosed.

After contact with allergens, their inhalation or absorption with food, an allergic rash may occur. The same reaction can be caused by mosquito bites or other insect bites.

Due to very sensitive skin, babies have prickly heat, diaper dermatitis.

Rashes are possible due to allergic reactions, atopic dermatitis. Usually these are small bubbles, they burst and form crusts. Sometimes these are very itchy dry rashes.

If the child rarely washes his hands, then pollution causes pimples to appear on them. A specific case - problems due to stress. A very nervous baby may develop a rash on his hands, which is very itchy.

Types of rash in babies

Rash in babies is of different types and has a different etiology. It is not worth it to self-diagnose and determine the type of rashes using photos from the Internet, even with good explanations. This should be done by a specialist.

In dermatology, there are three large groups into which all possible skin rashes in infants are distributed:

1. Physiological. This type of rash occurs in newborns. Rashes appear on the body as a result of hormonal changes occurring in the body.
2. Immunological. It is a consequence of the impact on the epidermis of various irritating factors, such as allergens, temperature or friction. Such rashes include hives, prickly heat, an allergic reaction, or atopic dermatitis. Violation elementary rules hygiene can also lead to unwanted manifestations.
3. Infectious. A rash is a symptom that accompanies a certain infectious or viral disease, for example, chicken pox or scarlet fever.

https://youtu.be/LAZoJ9RuUbo

It turns out that rashes are of various nature and type. Allocate primary and secondary rashes. This is a rash in a child on the legs and arms:

• Tubercles - do not have a cavity, are located deep in the dermis, up to 1 cm in diameter. At the same time, the color and texture of the skin is excellent. They can leave scars behind, develop into ulcers.
• Blisters - without a cavity, have blurry outlines and pink color. Appear due to swelling of the papillary dermis. Pass without a trace, itchy.
• Papules or nodules - do not have a cavity. May or may not be inflamed, discolored. They pass without leaving a trace.

• Bubbles - have a bottom, a tire, a cavity. After they are opened, erosion can form.
• Pustules or pustules - have pus inside. May be superficial or deep.
• Roseola is spots color pink irregular shape. When the skin is stretched, the stain disappears.

If the rash appeared a second time, then it can form:

• Scarring.
• abrasions.
• Cracks.
• Scales.
• erosion.
• Ulcers.

Symptoms and treatment

Urticaria on the hands has characteristic symptoms, and it should be treated by a doctor. At the first sign of an allergic rash in your child, you should:

Call a specialist at home; suspecting a child is infected with meningococcus, an ambulance should immediately call an ambulance; do not rush to self-medicate before the arrival of the doctor, this also applies to cauterization with brilliant green.

What to do if a child has a rash on his arms and legs without fever?

Often small rash on the hands and feet of a child without fever can cause prickly heat, allergies or neurodermatitis. The most harmless is prickly heat, with proper hygiene, it quickly disappears, it does not need to be treated.

If your child is allergic, then a harmless insect bite can cause blisters, sometimes even Quincke's edema. With neurodermatitis, a reaction with very strong itching is observed, a runny nose is possible, accompanied by bronchial asthma.

Therefore, in order to exclude further Negative consequences, it is better to immediately seek qualified help, and not guess how to stop the symptoms.

The child has a rash and fever

When a child has rashes on the arms and legs after insect bites, they can be treated with Fenistil-gel or Psilobalm. The drugs will quickly relieve allergic itching. If there is a temperature, give the baby an antipyretic and any antihistamine.

Any infectious disease accompanied by a rash and high temperature, which we discussed above, require urgent medical intervention and, if necessary, the placement of the child in a hospital.

The procedure for diagnosing a disease

If a child has a rash on his legs and arms, you should urgently seek help from a pediatrician and a dermatologist. First, the doctor should carefully examine:

• Form.
• Colour.
• Quantity.
• The nature of the rash.
• The location of the rash is also important.

• Presence or absence of fever.
• What infectious diseases have been transferred.
• What are hereditary diseases.
• Tendency to allergies.
• Light sensitivity.

Methods for treating a rash on the body of a child

It won't always be right to use folk remedies as the main treatment, even if the child's rash is only on the arms and legs. For example, allergic children may have hypersensitivity or individual intolerance to a particular herbal component.

Of the safest, we can advise infusions of chamomile, succession and oak bark. You can treat allergic rashes using herbal baths and creams. This method is also suitable for adults.

Preparing the infusion is very simple: you need to brew in 200 ml. boiling water three tablespoons of herbs, then let the broth brew. Such baths are best done no more than 3 times a week.

Hives

Urticaria is a very common disease. Its symptoms are similar to nettle burns, and it also resembles insect bites in appearance.

By eliminating the allergen, after a while the blisters on the skin disappear on their own. Urticaria should be treated by identifying and removing the allergenic substance that provokes it.

In the acute form, laxatives, antihistamines and hyposensitizing drugs can help. For severe cases, corticosteroids and adrenaline are used.

In addition to the above, urticaria on the arms and legs involves treatment with antipruritic agents. These include salicylic acid, calendula solution, menthol alcohol solution (1%).

Do not forget that it is recommended to treat urticaria in children only after examination by a specialist. It is he who must identify the cause and prescribe a course of medication. Folk remedies are recommended only for prevention.

The general rule: before the doctor's examination, you should not lubricate the elements with brilliant green and other coloring agents - this will make it difficult to make a diagnosis.

1. Against prickly heat, there is nothing better than cleanliness and following the rules of hygiene. To prevent bites, the child should not be allowed into places where contact with an insect can occur. To relieve itching, the doctor may recommend special ointments.

2. To eliminate allergic rashes, it is necessary to monitor nutrition and eliminate provoking factors. You can give smectite, activated charcoal. To reduce itching, the doctor recommends fenistil-gel, moisturizing creams.

3. A variety of diseases correspond to many prescriptions, so you should definitely consult a doctor. Chickenpox is treated by lubricating the bubbles with brilliant green. It is impossible to remove dried crusts, they must fall off on their own so that there are no scars left.

Against rubella, the child is vaccinated before the age of one.

Roseola does not particularly require treatment, it eliminates the symptom - fever.

Scarlet fever is a rather serious disease, the child is hospitalized for treatment.

With measles, the child also goes to the hospital, as complications are possible, up to meningoencephalitis.

1. Toxic erythema (in infants in the neonatal period) - dense reddish pimples with vesicles in the center. Passes without a trace after 3-4 days.

2. Allergy - manifests itself on the cheeks with red spots, peeling and slight induration. If you exclude forbidden foods from the menu, then the cheeks return to normal.

3. Newborn acne looks like bright red pimples with pustules in the middle. The rash resolves within 2 months after birth.

4. Insect bites look like pink spots, if there is no allergy, they are safe.

Prickly heat is treated by elementary hygiene of the child. You can use special talc.

In case of an allergic reaction, the doctor prescribes antihistamines and hypoallergenic life (all possible provocative factors are excluded).

When purulent bubbles burst, they need to be treated with brilliant green. To prevent re-infection healthy skin around acne is treated with alcohol.

Self-treatment of infectious diseases cannot be carried out. You should definitely visit a doctor, get an appointment and scrupulously carry it out.

An allergic rash is treated with antihistamines prescribed by a pediatrician.

Treatment of scabies is long and requires pedantry. The disease is highly contagious, so the child must be isolated.

When sweating, careful personal hygiene, compliance with clothing requirements (compliance with ambient temperature and season, cleanliness, type of fabric) helps. Helps get rid of rashes air baths and timely washing, bathing.

Treatment for infectious diseases should be prescribed only by a doctor, it is aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease, after it is eliminated, the rash goes away as a symptom.

Treatment of a rash on the hands is aimed at alleviating or eliminating the symptoms provoked by the rash itself - itching, local inflammation of the skin. The second aspect is the treatment of the disease, due to which the rash appeared.

The list of the most common prescriptions includes antihistamines, various creams or gels with ointments (with antibiotics, hormonal, etc.), tablets, injections. Among them are antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, drugs to maintain children's immunity.

By adjusting the child's nutrition, providing him with clean clothes and diapers, strict adherence to the rules of hygiene, you can get rid of the rash on the pope of the crumbs in most cases.

For other reasons, the doctor should, after clarifying the diagnosis, prescribe treatment. The task of parents is to provide the child with maximum comfort and follow all the recommendations of the doctor.

Rash Prevention

skin in childhood not yet adapted to the manifestations external environment, so she needs Special attention and care. First of all, you must follow the rules of hygiene.

Parents should make sure that they have all the necessary vaccinations against dangerous diseases.

If your baby suffers from allergies, be sure to see an allergist. Proper treatment, observation will help the child outgrow this difficult period. Eliminate allergens from your baby's diet.

Strengthen the immune system of the child so that he can easily and without consequences fight diseases.

Do not leave a rash, even a minor one, unattended.

A rash on the hands of a child occurs quite often. As you know, children are very curious, so they learn the world through touching various objects. They play on the playground, where there is dirty sand or pick up twigs, leaves or pebbles from the ground. Pathogenic bacteria get on the hands, causing unpleasant symptoms, which include a rash. There are other causes of rashes on the hands, fingers and wrists.

Causes

The cause of such a symptom as a rash on the hands of a child depends on various factors. Rashes can be caused by pathogenic microbes, chemicals, mites, and the body's reactions to allergens.

Allergy

Allergic reaction. The kid could eat, touch or wear something, as a result of which the top layer of the skin gave a reaction in the form of rashes on the arms, legs, cheeks or on the entire face, neck, buttocks, abdomen, feet and chest. Most often, parents do not immediately notice the skin reaction to the allergen, so it is sometimes difficult to determine which object or food has become the culprit of unpleasant symptoms.

The most dangerous is prolonged contact with the allergen, the skin surface itches, and the number of rashes increases.

Atopic dermatitis

This type of dermatitis is an indicator of the presence of congenital allergies. In such cases, a rash on the hands of a child appears with frequent contact with a certain allergen. Most often, an allergic rash that manifests itself in this disease is located on skin symmetrical. She can be found on the legs, face, buttocks, both hands, elbows, cheeks, abdomen, between the legs and on the fingers. The rashes themselves are represented by small bubbles.

The blisters of atopic dermatitis can become wet and burst, after which they are covered with a dry crust. It happens that a dry rash itches.

Infections and viruses

Rashes can appear as a result of some infectious diseases. Basically, the manifestations characteristic of such diseases can be observed in the first place. on the trunk (chest or abdomen), on the hands, wrists and fingers. Parents may notice the rash as soon as it has spread to the limbs. However, when infected with the Coxsackie virus, a small red rash will be localized only in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe hands.

Non-observance of hygiene rules

If the child has small red rash on the hands, then you should carefully monitor his hygiene after playing outside. After each walk, the child should thoroughly wash their hands. Rashes due to poor hygiene are often accompanied by severe itching.

Nervoz

Prolonged and severe stress can provoke a rash that is nervous in nature. Similar rashes are seen on the legs, face, buttocks, cheeks, abdomen, neck, chest and arms. These rashes are accompanied by itching at the moment when the child is nervous or worried.

Symptoms

The symptoms of the rash are often the same. When pimples appear, the child becomes restless, itches. A small red rash can be observed between the fingers, toes and other parts of the body. Sometimes even the body temperature rises. Rash one year old baby may cause loss of appetite.

Diagnostics

In order to choose an adequate treatment for a rash on the hands of a baby, a pediatrician needs to diagnose this manifestation of the disease. The temperature will be measured first. After that, the patient can be referred to an appointment with an allergist and a dermatologist. Specialists will be able to differentiate the disease in appearance. Then additional tests are ordered.

If not confirmed allergic cause rashes on the hands, which can also be present between the fingers, elbows, legs, face, pope, cheeks, abdomen or neck, then the child will be referred to an infectious disease dermatologist.

First of all, the specialist learns from the parents about the timing of the onset of symptoms of rashes, their alleged cause, and the measures taken to eliminate the rash. After a small patient was examined. The doctor makes an examination with a detailed study of the appearance and localization of rashes, which can be not only on the hands, but also between the toes, face, buttocks, knee and elbow bends, cheeks and neck.

• See also: viral pemphigus in children

Before a visit to a specialist, it is recommended not to use solutions such as brilliant green or iodine to treat affected skin areas. The rash is different: small and large, red and white. Treatment of the rash with dyes makes it difficult to diagnose.

Laboratory research

The doctor may suggest laboratory research a small patient in the event that there is doubt about the causes of the rash. A general urine and blood test is often prescribed. An allergic reaction will show the presence in the analyzes of an increased content of eosinophils.

In addition, blood counts will help eliminate the inflammatory process in the child's body, which is suspected by elevated body temperature. An elevated body temperature in a small patient may prompt the doctor to send the child for PCR diagnostics.

Sometimes the doctor prescribes a study such as microscopy. This analysis will confirm the presence of scabies, which can also manifest itself in the presence of a rash on the skin of the hands, face, neck, cheeks and buttocks.

Kinds

Various diseases can be accompanied by characteristic types of rash, which varies both in size and color, shape and nature of its surface. Also rashes are distinguished from each other by the presence of contents, such as fluid or pus. Common types of rash:

• Vesicle, represented by bubbles, is usually filled with liquid and reaches 0.5 cm in diameter. Most often, when it is damaged, a wet area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin appears.
• Macula, which looks like a speck, is a part of the skin where color changes have occurred. In this case, this rash does not rise above the surface of the skin. It can appear not only on the hands, but also on the face, buttocks, as well as other areas of the skin.
• Bubble(not to be confused with a bubble) in diameter is 0.5 - 2 cm.
• blisters have a spherical irregular shape and look like bubbles. The size of the blisters exceeds 0.5 cm.
• Pustule is an abscess that protrudes above the surface of the skin and is filled with pus.
• white rash on the hands may indicate the presence of allergic dermatitis. A white rash is initially small and occupies small areas of the skin, then begins to spread throughout the body.

Treatment

After diagnosing the rash, the specialist should prescribe treatment. Parents should not treat rashes on the hands, buttocks, abdomen and other skin areas of a small child on their own, especially if the child has a fever.

Rash treatment is divided into two main areas:

• removal of symptoms such as fever and directly rashes and unpleasant itching;
• treatment of the disease that led to the rash.

May need treatment antihistamines , means of local influence, which are represented ointments, creams, gels containing hormones. Rashes sometimes need to be treated with injections or medicines taken by mouth.

• Read more: what does a different rash look like

Treatment may include taking antifungal, antiviral, or antibacterial agents. But do not forget about taking vitamins that will help in strengthening the immune system of the child. And itching can be treated with sedatives, anti-allergic cooling gels.

Sometimes the doctor suggests treating a rash on the hands with special ultraviolet lamps, which can be included in physiotherapy. The rays of such devices are able to destroy bacteria and eliminate acne.

A rash in a child on his hands appears as a result of both external and internal influences. Skin rashes in children occur quite often, and many of them quickly pass, however, there are very contagious diseases, accompanied by the appearance of a rash in a child on the arms, which must be treated immediately.

In some cases, the appearance of skin rashes is a sign of an infection in the body or the result of an allergic reaction to a drug or unusual food. Children's infectious diseases (measles, rubella) are accompanied by the appearance of a rash at certain stages of the development of the pathological process.

Why do skin rashes occur?

A rash on the hands of a child appears as a result of external factors:

• bacteria;
• viruses;
• fungi;
• allergens;
• chemical substances.

Low body resistance, inflammatory processes of internal organs are also the cause of skin diseases. Impaired function endocrine glands or the blood system contributes to damage to the skin of the hands. A small rash in the form of spots on the hands appears in children infected with the AIDS virus, as a result of the addition of a secondary infection.

Often, patients suffer from papular skin rashes in severe HIV infection, in the 5th stage of AIDS. In young patients, allergic reactions may occur: a rash on the hands is painful for the child and worsens his general condition.

The appearance of skin disorders is an expression of the pathological state of the patient's immunity. Numerous rashes can occur after a child touches a beautiful houseplant - common ivy. The flower is very poisonous, and its juice contains allergens, causing appearance itching, rashes and redness of the skin on the hands.

How do dermatoses manifest?

Various skin rashes can be acquired or congenital. A small rash that affects the hands is often the main or only sign of the disease or its symptom.

In the process of development of impetigo, a child has hyperthermia, fatigue and general malaise appear. The disease is highly contagious and the rash must be treated immediately.

In young children with diathesis, an itchy rash occurs, similar to red nodules located on the folds of the arms. In babies, a rash of pink lichen on the upper limbs is accompanied by a feeling of malaise, an increase in body temperature, joint pain, and aches like with the flu.

In the case of the development of scabies in a child, there is severe itching in the interdigital folds and on the lateral surfaces of the fingers, wrists and elbows.

A rash in a child appears on the hands after infection with a pathogen that causes enterovirus infection. The clinical picture of the disease is characterized by multiple elements of rashes on the skin, irregularities, turning into bubbles filled with a clear liquid. The child complains of itching, malaise, nausea.

The rash on the hands transforms into painful ulcers which resolve within a week. Most often, the doctor determines a combination of several types of damage.

A small rash should alert parents: you should show the child to the doctor as soon as possible to prevent development dangerous disease. Often a small patient complains of a sharp sore throat and a rash on the palms, elevated temperature body, which disappears after the formation of changes on the skin. Rashes bring suffering to the child, immunity is almost at zero, conditions are created for the development of complications.

Treatment is carried out by a doctor with the help of antimicrobial agents.

Impetigo is a skin infection

Various bacteria cause a disease characterized by the appearance of purulent, painful blisters on the hands. The rash in a child quickly spreads throughout the body and is a response skin reaction to the introduction of Staphylococcus aureus.

The first sign of impetigo is itching at the sites of microtrauma formation. On the child's hands appear large, up to 1-2 cm in diameter, blisters containing serous-purulent fluid.

Their opening occurs after 3 days from the moment of formation. Numerous rashes are covered with brown crusts. In a child with a protracted course of the disease, the general condition is disturbed, a headache appears.

The rash on the back of the hands may be limited or widespread.

The disease is highly contagious and dangerous for children under the age of six months.

To prevent the disease, you should follow the rules of hygiene, wash your hands, eliminate dirty nails, do not use common washcloths, dirty towels and clothes. A rash with impetigo should be treated in time, since a kidney infection becomes a complication of the disease.

Itching and rash on the skin - satellites of pseudotuberculosis

A rash on the hands of a child appears with an acute infectious disease - pseudotuberculosis. Elements of rashes are located in the form of small points on the folds of the arms, in the area of ​​​​the joints of the fingers. Skin lesions look like small spots.

The rash on the hands disappears 7 days after the onset of the disease: the skin of the child in the places of peeling is dry, pale. Scarlatiniform rashes are often similar to erythema, limited areas of dark red color are defined on the hands - a symptom of "gloves" or "socks". In some cases, skin lesions are hemorrhagic in nature.

A rash on the hands of a child appears rapidly, a few hours after the onset of the disease. It should be emphasized that hemorrhages in pseudotuberculosis disappear slowly, while the general condition of the patient improves significantly, body temperature decreases.

Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after examining the child. Apply antibacterial drugs, vitamins, restorative agents.

At catarrhal form pseudotuberculosis changes on the skin are short-term, and intoxication is insignificant.

The generalized form is accompanied by the appearance of a rash and high body temperature.

Urticaria on the skin of the hands

Allergic rashes are a sign of an infection in the body or a reaction to medication.

Skin lesions on the hands occur in children who have eaten nuts, chocolate, strawberries, oranges. Often a rash appears after taking a shower or bath as a reaction to hot water.

Urticaria occurs when the body is damaged by viruses or bacteria, with infectious diseases.

Rashes in the form of blisters appear on the skin of the hands, accompanied by redness, itching, tingling. At first, the skin is very itchy, then there are extensive red rashes.

During the height of the disease, single elements merge into vast areas.

The state of health of the patient with urticaria worsens, the temperature rises, chills appear, gastrointestinal disorders. It is important from the very beginning of the disease to seek help from a doctor in order to prevent the development of Quincke's edema.

In this case, an increase in blisters on the fingers is observed, and the skin becomes pale, dense to the touch. The general condition of the child is usually severe and requires immediate medical attention.

Painful manifestations of scabies

A tick bite causes pain or burning on the sides of the hands, followed by the formation of itchy patches, nodules, or blisters. Very often, the child combs the skin to the blood.

If scabies is suspected, you should consult a doctor for special treatment. Carefully examine the skin on the hands, because in the first place, a rash with scabies appears between the fingers and on the wrists.

To eliminate inflammatory processes, the doctor prescribes treatment with insecticidal lotion, steroid creams and antihistamines. It should be remembered that itching continues for 2 weeks after the destruction of the tick on the skin of the hands.

Skin marker for chickenpox

A papular rash on the fingers and wrists is a characteristic symptom of an infectious disease - chicken pox. The bubbles are up to 5 mm in size. Rashes are characterized by a certain period of development: a small speck quickly turns into a bubble with transparent contents.

Simultaneously with the formation of crusts, the child develops a painful feeling of itching. The whole process takes no more than a week. The rash does not have a clear localization: it is located on the cheeks, upper and lower limbs, head, torso. If there are many rashes, burning and itching are accompanied by soreness of all elements on the skin. The most unpleasant thing is that after combing the rashes, scars remain in the form of scars.

With the development of a rudimentary form of the disease, a spotty rash on the hands does not always turn into blisters. Abundant lesions appear in premature babies with a visceral form of the disease.

How to prevent the appearance of a rash on the skin?

To prevent and treat rashes on the hands, it is recommended to follow the rules of personal hygiene, refuse to take all kinds of medicinal allergens avoid contact with infectious patients.

Treatment of lesions on the skin is carried out only on the recommendations and under the supervision of a doctor. With a favorable course of the process, the spread of the rash stops, the skin is restored and healing begins.

If a child has rashes on the handles, then this can be a manifestation of a wide variety of pathologies. This article will tell you how to figure out when a child has this symptom and what to do about it.

Causes

Doctors identify a huge variety of various provoking factors that contribute to the appearance on the hands of children various rashes. It can manifest itself in different ways. The severity and course of the disease depends on the underlying cause that caused the baby to develop rashes on the skin. Such skin elements can occur in children at different ages.

Infectious diseases

kids preschool age begin to actively explore the world. They do this mainly by touching various objects. Violation of the elementary rules of hygiene in this case contributes to the fact that various pathogens. They contribute to the appearance of characteristic rashes on the skin of the baby.

A rash on the wrists and back of the hands is quite often caused by various types of pathogenic staphylococci. These microbes are able to exert quite aggressive impact on the skin, leading to the development of severe infectious inflammation.

At risk are kids attending preschool educational institutions. In this case healthy child can become infected from the patient through direct contact.

Staphylococcus Scabies

Prickly heat can also lead to the appearance of various bright red rashes on the delicate skin of babies. Usually this pathology occurs in children aged 1-2 years. In this case, severe overheating of the baby leads to the development of adverse symptoms. Excessive wrapping of the child and wearing too warm a jacket or woolen blouse can cause characteristic rashes to develop on the hands or inside of the arms.

Symptoms of sweating, which develops mainly in infants, can be not only in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe palms. They also appear in children on the legs, on the arms and back. Localization depends on what caused the development of prickly heat in babies. These manifestations are formed in places of direct contact with warm clothing.

allergies

Allergic pathologies also quite often lead to various rashes appearing on clean and healthy children's skin. This is caused by various allergens that enter and affect the body. Quite often, the development of skin rashes is promoted by various chemicals, products household chemicals and cosmetics, as well as food products that the child consumes daily.

Allergic rashes can occur on the hands and feet, as well as on other areas of the skin. Usually, they are accompanied by severe itching. Its intensity may vary. In some cases, pronounced pruritus brings the child severe discomfort. It can occur in a child not only during the day, but also at night.

Body temperature in this case may remain within the normal range.

How is it manifested?

The appearance of rashes that occur on the skin of the hands can be different. It depends on what caused the appearance of such specific changes on the skin. Infectious pathologies of the skin are manifested by the appearance of multiple bright red spots on the skin. Such a small rash is usually very itchy. Rashes can appear in a child both on the arms and on the stomach.

Staphylococcal flora causes the appearance on the skin of the baby of multiple vesicles filled from the inside with a serous or yellow liquid. Severe course the disease is accompanied by the appearance of pus in such rashes. These skin blisters may burst when touched.

In this case, serous fluid or pus flows outward, and multiple bleeding ulcers remain at the site of the former rashes.

fungal infection occurs in a child with the development of multiple white rashes. In some cases, they may also have a yellowish tint. Usually the surface of fungal rashes is uneven. Outside, such skin elements are covered with a large amount of light desquamated skin scales. In some cases, the rash may not have an intense color and are colorless.

Allergic skin changes, arising on the hands and on the cheeks, are manifested by the appearance of bright red or raspberry spots. Such localization is quite common in infants who begin to receive the first complementary foods for the first time in their lives. Allergens in this case are some foods. Quite often, various fruit or vegetable purees that have an orange or yellow color lead to the development of allergies in babies.

Large red spots on the arms and neck may be prickly heat. This symptom is especially pronounced in babies in the first months of life. There are such "flaming" spots in places of direct contact with clothing. The affected areas may also be warm and moist to the touch.

How to treat?

When various rashes appear on the skin of a child, it is very important to immediately show the baby to the attending physician. In many cases, differential diagnosis is a rather difficult task. Only a clinical examination to establish the correct diagnosis is insufficient. Mandatory execution required laboratory tests and, in some cases, instrumental studies.

After establishing the cause that contributes to the development of various rashes on the skin of the baby's hands, doctors prescribe the necessary treatment regimen for him. The duration of such therapy may be different. In some cases it may even take several weeks to achieve a positive effect. In the process of treatment, the doctor necessarily monitors the effectiveness of the prescribed therapy. In this he is helped by a clinical examination of a sick child and laboratory tests.

If the cause of the appearance of rashes on the skin of a child was bacterial infection, then doctors resort to prescribing antibacterial drugs. Mild skin conditions are usually treated with topical treatments. For this, various ointments and creams with antibacterial properties are used. Only with a pronounced and unfavorable development of the pathology are tableted or injectable forms of antibiotics prescribed.

It is possible to eliminate skin rashes caused by allergies only with the help of antihistamines . These drugs include: "Claritin", "Suprastin", "Zirtek" and others. The frequency of use, course and daily dosages, as well as the duration of treatment are determined by the attending physician, taking into account the initial well-being of the baby, as well as his weight and age. The use of these funds not only has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, but also reduces itching.

To eliminate rashes on the handles of a child caused by a fungal infection, special antifungals. Usually they are discharged for a fairly long reception. Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene during the use of these drugs is a very important condition for therapy. In most cases, antifungal agents are prescribed in conjunction with immunostimulating drugs.

In some cases, the prescribed treatment does not lead to an improvement in the well-being of the baby. In this situation, the appointment of hormonal drugs is already required. They are prescribed for use in the form of gels, ointments or creams.

Such local treatment, as a rule, does not cause many unwanted side effects. These drugs quickly lead to a positive result.

To eliminate rashes on the skin of the hands in children, various physiotherapy methods. Treatment with ultraviolet rays is quite successfully used. Such techniques have a pronounced positive effect on the skin, contributing to its cleansing, as well as restoration and healing. To achieve a lasting positive effect, at least 10-15 procedures may be required.

Prevention

Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene is a very important condition for maintaining healthy skin. From a very early age, the baby should be taught to wash their hands regularly after using the toilet, as well as after visiting any public places. To do this, use a soap that does not contain aggressive chemical dyes and fragrances. These components only aggravate dry skin and can provoke the appearance of allergic rashes on the palms of the child.

Many parents for better prevention skin diseases and various infections make sure kids use antibacterial soap. Doing this is not worth it.

Frequent use of antibacterial soap contributes to the violation healthy balance microflora that lives on the skin. This leads to the fact that the local immunity of the skin is significantly reduced. In this case, the baby can become infected with various skin infections much easier.

Strengthening the immune system plays a very important role in preventing the appearance of various rashes on the skin of the baby. Proper rational nutrition, daily walks in the fresh air, as well as the absence of severe stress are integral components of any therapy for skin diseases. You can also strengthen children's immunity with the help of hardening. Such procedures should be carried out daily to maintain and strengthen the achieved result.

Wearing mittens or gloves during the cold season is a must to keep your skin healthy. Temperature fluctuations have a pronounced adverse effect on delicate baby skin. Warm gloves are able to protect the fingers and palms of the baby from the effects of piercing wind and cold. Such products should be as warm as possible, but not lead to excessive overheating.

A child has a clear liquid flowing from his nose treatment at home Cough with sputum without fever in a child treatment with folk remedies

Usually a rash on the body of a child causes a lot of anxiety in parents. Indeed, a frequent symptom of various infections, causing a lot of discomfort. However, timely treatment of skin rashes allows you to quickly forget about itching and burning.

A rash in a child can appear not only on the whole body, but also affect only one area. The number of acceptable diagnoses is reduced, and recovery is faster

On the head

The rash worries babies in different parts of the body.

• On the back of the head, small pink dots most often indicate overheating and the development of prickly heat.
• Abundant vesicles and blisters on the back of the head or cheeks indicate an infection with scabies.
• Inflammation in the cheeks, and on the beard, speak of an allergy to food or medicine.
• If a rash in a child has formed on the eyelids, then the child has been selected inappropriate hygiene products. If the rash on the eyelids looks like scales or crusts, dermatitis is likely to develop.

around the neck

On hands and wrists

In the abdomen

A rash on the abdomen in the form of red vesicles occurs in newborns from toxic erythema, which passes on its own. The area of ​​the abdomen, and the area of ​​the hips, most often suffers from pemphigus. The disease begins with slight redness, blisters appear, and begin to burst. Similar symptoms are characteristic of exfoliating dermatitis.

In case of violation bacterial microflora appear in the abdomen erysipelas. Do not forget about the permissible small rash from allergies, prickly heat and infections such as chickenpox or scabies.

On the lower back

On the inner and outer thighs

Rashes on the hips of a child usually appear from poor hygiene. Often the baby just sweats in his diapers, suffers from poor-quality clothes. As a result, sweating appears. Allergic reactions often provoke inflammation on the inside of the thigh.

A rash on the thighs indicates the presence of measles, rubella, chickenpox or scarlet fever. In rare cases, rashes speak of diseases of the circulatory system.

In the groin area

A rash in the groin is the result of infrequent diaper changes or skin contact with dirty diapers. Red diaper rash appears on the skin, bacteria multiply in them. Prickly heat in the groin area in the form pink spots often appears in a baby as a result of overheating in the sun. Sometimes the source of the rash is candidiasis. Finally, the baby can develop an allergy to diapers.

On the buttocks

The rash on the pope has a nature similar to the causes of groin irritation. A rare change of diapers, violation of hygiene rules lead to the occurrence of an inflammatory process. The area of ​​the priests can suffer from allergies to food or diapers, from prickly heat and diathesis.

On the legs, knees and heels and can itch

A small rash on the legs usually appears as a result of dermatitis or allergies. If it itches and resembles mosquito bites, most likely the baby really suffered from insects.

The cause of a rash on the legs can be an infection or trauma to the skin. If your child has itchy heels, the rash is most likely caused by a fungus. An allergic reaction on the heels manifests itself in the form of flaky spots, itching and causing swelling of the foot. On the knee joints, a rash can appear with eczema, lichen and psoriasis.

On all parts of the body

Inflammation of the skin throughout the body often indicates an infection. If the child is covered with a small rash and it itches, the reason is probably an allergic reaction (see: allergic rash) of the body to a strong irritant. If there is no itching from the rash, these causes can be excluded. Most likely there is a problem with the metabolism or the work of internal organs.

When the rash all over the body is also colorless, most likely the baby's sebaceous glands are too active. Vitamin deficiency and hormonal disruptions in the child's body can make themselves felt through rashes without color.

The nature of the rash

If you look closely at a baby's rash, you will notice distinctive signs. Color, shape and structure.

Like nettles

A rash resembling nettle spots indicates a special type of allergy - urticaria. Pink blisters on the skin are very itchy and are accompanied by an increase in body temperature. Most often, urticaria is provoked hot water, stress, strong physical exercise. The rash at the same time resembles small blisters on the chest or neck.

Like a mosquito bite

If the rash resembles a mosquito bite, the baby has an allergy to malnutrition. In newborns, this reaction often indicates violations in the menu of a nursing mother. Mosquito bites - talk about the impact of any blood-sucking insects on the skin, such as ticks or fleas.

In the form of spots

A patchy rash is a very common form of skin inflammation. Most often, the reason lies in the disease of the integument itself or in the presence of an infection. The size of the spots and their color play an important role. Rashes that look like spots appear with lichen, allergies, dermatitis and eczema.

Rough to the touch

A rough rash is most often caused by eczema. At the same time, they suffer back sides palms and face. The cause of rough rashes, resembling sandpaper, sometimes becomes keratosis - one of the forms of allergies. small pimples at the same time, the back and side regions of the arms are affected, but sometimes there is inflammation of the inner side of the thighs.

In the form of bubbles and blisters

A rash in the form of blisters appears on the baby's body as a result of hives (see: hives in children), prickly heat, pemphigus. Among infectious diseases, rashes with vesicles are caused by rubella and chickenpox.

Under skin color

Flesh-colored lesions on the skin are called papules. A rash of this color is indicative of eczema, psoriasis, or contact dermatitis. Sometimes a colorless rash is caused by hormonal changes in the child's body.

Redness due to infections

Symptoms accompanying the rash often indicate the development serious illness at the baby.

With angina

Often, observing the baby's primary signs of a sore throat (fever and cough), after a certain time, parents notice a rash on his body. Here, the development of an infectious disease is likely against the background of a weakened immune system. Sometimes redness appears due to tonsillitis. Do not forget that the baby in the process of treating angina often has an allergy to antibiotics.

With SARS

The appearance of a rash in combination with the usual symptoms of SARS has similar causes. The child is able to have intolerance to the components of drugs or an allergy to folk remedies. Most often, redness occurs after a course of antibiotics for SARS.

From chickenpox

From chicken pox, babies develop spots with itching, almost immediately becoming large blisters. The rash occurs on the palms, face, torso and even in the mouth. The disease is accompanied by high fever and headaches. When the bubbles burst, the baby's skin becomes covered with a crust.

The answer to the question of how long the rashes completely disappear depends on the timeliness of treatment. Usually 3-5 days is enough.

With the development of measles

In the case of measles, the baby usually suffers from fever and large red spots that almost merge with each other. The measles rash appears first on the head, and then passes to the trunk and limbs. The first signs of measles resemble the common cold. This is a strong dry cough, sneezing and tears. Then the temperature rises. How many days does the rash disappear? As a rule, the skin is restored on the third day.

From infection with scarlet fever

Scarlet fever signals itself by the appearance of small dots on the 2nd day of illness. Especially a lot of small rash in the area of ​​the elbow and knee bends, on the palms, in the folds of the skin. The speed of treatment usually does not affect how many days the redness disappears. The rash disappears on its own after 1-2 weeks.

For meningitis

A bright red or purple rash appears on the body of children with meningococcal infection. The disease affects the vessels of the skin, so inflammation on the skin forms in various forms. With meningitis, there are rashes on the mucous membranes, on the legs and arms, on the sides of the body.

When to Call a Doctor

• The child develops a fever and the temperature rises to 40 degrees.
• The rash appears all over the body and there is unbearable itching.
• Headache, vomiting and confusion in the baby begin.
• The rash looks like stellate hemorrhages.
• There are swelling and difficulty in breathing.

What absolutely cannot be done

• Self-squeeze pustules.
• Rip or burst bubbles.
• Scratch rashes.
• Apply brightly colored preparations to the skin (make it difficult to diagnose).

In general, a rash is a symptom of many diseases. Sometimes it leads to serious problems, and sometimes it goes away on its own. In any case, it will not be superfluous to consult a doctor.

Prevention

1. Timely vaccinations can protect the child from infections (But remember, vaccinations are not always beneficial, everyone is individual!). Now there are already vaccinations against meningitis and rashes on its soil. Learn more from your doctor.
2. The correct introduction of complementary foods can protect a small child from allergic reactions. It is recommended to teach the child to healthy lifestyle life and proper nutrition. This will not only prevent many diseases and strengthen the immune system, but also reduce the risk of an allergic rash.
3. If you suspect that your baby has caught an infection, immediately limit his contact with a potential source of infection.

Summing up

• An important role in determining the cause of the rash is played by its localization. The areas of the body most in contact with clothing or diapers usually suffer from dermatitis and prickly heat. The baby's face is often covered with a rash from allergies. A rash all over the body indicates the development of an infection or a metabolic disorder in the body.
• Pay attention to the shape of the rash and its color. Small dot indicates allergic reactions, and big spots- about infections. Colorless rash is not contagious, and rough indicates violations in the body of the child.
• Follow general condition baby, because other symptoms allow you to accurately determine the factor that causes redness of the skin. However, keep in mind that these diseases, like SARS and tonsillitis, very rarely cause a rash on their own. It is worth observing the daily routine of the child, because the rash often appears after visiting the pool and similar public places.
• If the rash in a child is accompanied by cough, vomiting and high fever, we are talking about an infectious disease. In this case, the whole body is covered with spots and itches. With proper treatment, rashes in children disappear after 3-5 days. Sometimes a rash and vomiting are signs of dysbacteriosis.

1. If the rash has become a cause of concern for a newborn baby, the range of its causes is small. Often, pimples without pus appear on the neck and face of children 2 weeks after birth, disappearing by themselves. In children under one year old, a small rash is most often caused by prickly heat due to wearing diapers or tight clothing. Red and pink rashes small child associated with allergies to new foods.
2. When the rash appears after the sun, they talk about the presence of photodermatosis in the baby. solar allergy accompanied by itching, redness of the skin and abscesses. On the extremities, on the face and chest, the rash is usually rough. Crusts, scales, bubbles are formed.
3. Allergic reactions in a child's body can manifest themselves in a variety of irritants. Often, after visiting the pool, a rash appears on the body of the kids due to the abundance of chlorine in the water. It has already been said that rashes can also form after a course of antibiotics for angina. If we are talking about the treatment of serious diseases such as leukemia, allergies appear after a month.
4. A small bright rash in children under the third year of life can appear when new teeth erupt. Here, the rash is accompanied by a slight temperature and a weakening of the immune system due to the appearance of teeth. Most often, a rash from teething is localized on the neck.
5. If the rash in babies does not differ in constancy (appears and disappears), most likely, there is contact with an irritant that causes allergies or dermatitis, is carried out periodically. In addition, the rash disappears and reappears with the development of infectious diseases (measles and scarlet fever), urticaria.
6. To prevent a severe rash in a child, do not try to introduce new foods into his diet too quickly. If the baby shows signs of allergies after the pool, choose another institution where the water is not treated with chlorine.

Any person, sometimes even without realizing it, faces various types of rashes in his life. And this is not necessarily the body's reaction to any disease, since there are about several hundred types of ailments in which rashes can appear.

And only a few dozen really dangerous cases, when rashes are a symptom of serious health problems. Therefore, with such a phenomenon as a rash, you need to be, as they say, "on the alert." The truth and a mosquito bite or contact with nettles also leave marks on the human body.

We think that it will not be superfluous for everyone to be able to distinguish between types of rash, and most importantly, to know its causes. This is especially true for parents. After all, sometimes it is by rashes that you can find out in time that the child is sick, which means helping him and preventing the development of complications.

Skin rashes. Types, causes and localization

Let's start talking about rashes on the human body with a definition. Rash are pathological changes mucous membranes or skin , which are elements various colors, shapes and textures that differ sharply from the normal state of the skin or mucous membranes.

Skin rashes in children, as well as in adults, appear under the influence of various factors and can be triggered by both the disease and the body, for example, medicines, food or an insect bite. It is worth noting that there is indeed a considerable number of adult and childhood diseases with skin rashes, which can be both harmless and really dangerous to life and health.

Distinguish rash primary , i.e. rash that first appeared on healthy skin and secondary , i.e. rash, which is localized at the site of the primary. According to experts, the appearance of a rash can be caused by a variety of ailments, for example, infectious diseases in children and adults, problems with vascular and circulatory system, allergic reactions and dermatological diseases .

However, there are cases in which there may or may not be changes in the skin, although they are characteristic of this disease. This is important to remember, because sometimes, expecting the first childhood illnesses with skin rashes characteristic symptoms, i.e. rashes, parents overlook other important signs that their child is not feeling well, such as being unwell or lethargic.

The rash itself is not a disease, but only a symptom of malaise. This means that the treatment of rashes on the body depends directly on the cause of their occurrence. In addition, other symptoms that accompany the rash play an important role in the diagnosis, for example, the presence of temperature or, as well as the location of the rashes, their frequency and intensity.

Rash, of course, can be attributed to the causes of body itching. However, it often happens that the whole body itches, but there is no rash. In essence, such a phenomenon as itch, - this is a signal of the nerve endings of the skin that react to external (insect bite) or internal (ejection histamine with allergies) irritants.

Itching of the whole body without rashes is characteristic of a number of serious ailments, for example, such as:

• blockage bile duct ;
• chronic ;
• cholangitis ;
• oncology of the pancreas ;
• disease endocrine system ;
• mental disorders ;
• infectious invasion (intestinal,) .

Therefore, you should immediately seek the advice of a doctor in cases where the rash on the body itches and in the presence of severe itching without rashes on the skin. It is worth noting that in some cases, for example, in old age or in time, there is no need for drug treatment of itching all over the body without a rash, since this may be a variant of the norm.

As we age, the skin can suffer from dryness and require more hydration. The same can be true for the skin of a pregnant woman due to the hormonal changes that occur in her body during the period of bearing a child. In addition, there is such a thing as psychogenic itching .

This condition is most common in people over the age of forty. In such cases, there is no rash, and severe itching is the result of extreme stress. Nervous environment, lack of proper physical and psychological rest, crazy work schedule and other life circumstances of a modern person can bring him to a breakdown and depression.

Types of rash, description and photo

So, to summarize and outline the main causes of a rash on the skin and mucous membranes:

• infectious diseases , For example, , , for which, in addition to rashes on the body, other symptoms are also characteristic ( fever, runny nose etc);
• on food, medicines, chemicals, animals, and so on;
• diseases or vascular system often accompanied by rashes on the body, if disturbed vascular permeability or reduced the number that are involved in the process blood clotting .

Signs of a rash are the presence of rashes on the human body in the form blisters, bubbles or bubbles more large size, nodes or nodules, spots, as well as abscesses. When identifying the cause of the rash, the doctor analyzes not only the appearance of the rashes, but also their localization, as well as other symptoms that the patient has.

In medicine, the following primary morphological elements or types of rash (i.e. those that first appeared on previously healthy human skin):

tubercle it is an element without a cavity, deeply lying in the subcutaneous layers, up to one centimeter in diameter, leaves a scar after healing, without appropriate treatment it can degenerate into ulcers.

Blister - this is a type of rash without a cavity, the color of which can be from whitish to pink, occurs due to swelling of the papillary layer of the skin, it is characteristic of it, and does not leave marks during healing. As a rule, such rashes appear when toxidermia (inflammation of the skin due to an allergen entering the body), with hives or bites insects.

Papule (papular rash) - this is also a stripless type of rash, which can be caused by both inflammatory processes and other factors, depending on the depth in the subcutaneous layers, it is divided into epidermal, epidermal and dermal nodules , the size of papules can reach three centimeters in diameter. Cause papular rash diseases such as , or (abbreviated HPV ).

Subtypes of papular rash: erythematous-papular (, Crosti-Janott syndrome, trichinosis), maculo-papular (, adenoviruses, sudden exanthema, allergies) and maculopapular rash (urticaria, mononucleosis, rubella, drug taxidermy, measles, rickettsiosis).

bubble - this is a type of rash that has a bottom, a cavity and a tire, such a rash is filled with serous-hemorrhagic or serous contents. The size of such a rash does not exceed, as a rule, 0.5 centimeters in diameter. This type of rash usually appears when allergic dermatitis, at or .

Bubble - This is a larger bubble, the diameter of which exceeds 0.5 centimeters.

Pustule or abscess - this is a type of rash that is located in deep () or superficial follicular, as well as superficial non-follicular ( conflicts look like pimples) or deep non-follicular ( ecthymes or purulent ulcers ) layers of the dermis and is filled with purulent contents. A healing field of pustules forms a scar.

Spot - a kind of rash, is a local discoloration of the skin in the form of a spot. This type is typical for dermatitis, leukoderma, (skin pigmentation disorder) or roseola (an infectious disease in children caused by herpes virus 6 or 7 types). It is noteworthy that harmless freckles, as well as moles, are an example of a rash in the form of pigmented spots.

The appearance of red spots on the body of a child is a signal to parents to act. Of course, the causes of such rashes on the back, on the head, on the stomach, as well as on the arms and legs can be allergic reaction or for example prickly heat in children of the first year of life.

However, if red spots appear on the child’s body and there are other symptoms ( fever, cough, runny nose, loss of appetite, severe itching ), then, most likely, the point here is not individual intolerance or non-compliance with the temperature regime and overheating.

A red spot on the cheek of a child may be a consequence of insect bites or diathesis . In any case, if any changes appear on the skin of the baby, you should immediately call a doctor.

Red rashes on the body, as well as on the face and neck in adults, in addition to the above reasons, may occur due to cardiovascular diseases , malnutrition and bad habits, as well as due to a decrease in . Besides, stressful situations often have a negative effect on the skin and provoke the appearance of rashes.

Autoimmune pathologies (psoriasis, red systemic lupus ) and dermatological diseases proceed with the formation of a rash. It is noteworthy that red spots may appear in the sky in the mouth, as well as in the throat. This phenomenon usually indicates mucosal infection (bubbles in the throat are characteristic of scarlet fever , and red spots - for sore throats ), about an allergic reaction or about a violation in the work of the circulatory and vascular system.

Measles symptoms in order of occurrence:

• a sharp jump in temperature (38-40 C);
• dry cough;
• photosensitivity;
• runny nose and sneezing;
• headaches;
• measles enanthema;
• measles exanthema.

One of the main signs of the disease is measles viral exanthema in children and adults, and enanthema . The first term in medicine is called a rash on the skin, and the second is understood as a rash on the mucous membranes. The peak of the disease falls precisely on the appearance of a rash that initially affects the mucous membranes in the mouth (red spots on the soft and hard palate and whitish spots on the mucous cheeks with a red border).

Then maculopapular rashes become noticeable along the hairline on the head and behind the ears. A day later, small red dots appear on the face and gradually cover the entire body of a person with measles.

The sequence of rashes with measles is as follows:

• first day: mucous membranes of the oral cavity, as well as the area of ​​the head and behind the ears;
• second day: face;
• third day: torso;
• fourth day: limbs.

In the process of healing measles rashes remain dark spots, which, by the way, after some time disappear by themselves. With this disease, moderate itching can be observed.

A disease caused by a harmful effect on the human body Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci ). The carrier of the disease can be a person who is sick himself scarlet fever, streptococcal pharyngitis or .

In addition, you can get infected from someone who has recently been ill himself, but there are still harmful bacteria in the body that spread by airborne droplets.

What is most interesting, pick up scarlet fever it is possible even from an absolutely healthy person, on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx of which group A streptococci . In medicine, this phenomenon is called a "healthy carrier."

According to statistics, about 15% of the world's population can be safely classified as healthy carriers. streptococci A . In the treatment of scarlet fever, they are used, which kill streptococcal bacteria. In severe cases, patients are prescribed infusion therapy to reduce the symptoms of general intoxication .

It should be emphasized that quite often this disease is confused with purulent tonsillitis , which is really present, though only as one of the symptoms of scarlet fever. The misdiagnosis situation can be fatal in some cases. Since especially severe septic cases of scarlet fever are accompanied by severe focal lesions of streptococcal bacteria throughout the body.

Scarlet fever is more common in children, but adults can also be easily infected. It is believed that people who have had the disease receive lifelong immunity. However, in medical practice there are many cases of re-infection. The incubation period lasts on average about 2-3 days.

Microbes begin to multiply on the tonsils located in the nasopharynx and oral cavity of a person, and when they enter the blood, they affect the internal organs. The first symptom of the disease is the general intoxication organism. A person can rise temperature , be present severe headaches, general weakness, nausea or vomit and other features characteristic of bacterial infection .

Rashes appear on the second or third day of the course of the disease. Soon after this, a rash on the tongue, the so-called "scarlet tongue", can be noticed. The disease almost always goes along with acute tonsillitis (tonsillitis) . Rashes with this disease look like small pinkish-red dots or pimples one to two millimeters in size. The rash is rough to the touch.

Initially, a rash appears on the neck and face, usually on the cheeks. In an adult on the cheeks, the cause of rashes can be not only scarlet fever, but also other ailments. However, it is with this disease that due to the multiple accumulation of pimples, the cheeks are painted in a crimson hue, while the nasolabial triangle remains pale in color.

In addition to the face, the rash with scarlet fever is localized mainly in the groin area, lower abdomen, back, buttocks folds, as well as on the sides of the body and on the folds of the limbs (in the armpits, under the knees, on the elbows). On the tongue, sores appear approximately 2-4 days from the onset acute phase diseases. If you press on the rash, then it becomes colorless, i.e. as if disappearing.

Usually, rashes with scarlet fever disappear without a trace in a week. However, after the same seven days, peeling appears at the site of the rash. On the skin of the legs and arms, the upper layer of the dermis comes off in plates, and on the trunk and face there is a small peeling. Due to the peculiarities of the localization of the rash with scarlet fever, it seems that on the cheeks baby or an adult develops large red spots.

True, there are not isolated cases when the disease proceeds without the appearance of rashes on the skin. It is important to note that, as a rule, there is no rash in severe forms of the disease: septic, erased or toxic scarlet fever. In the above forms of the disease, other symptoms come to the fore, for example, the so-called "scarlet" heart (a significant increase in the size of the organ) with a toxic form or multiple lesions of connective tissues and internal organs with septic scarlet fever.

Viral disease, the incubation period in which can last from 15 to 24 days. It is transmitted from an infected person by airborne droplets. In the vast majority of cases, this disease affects children. Moreover, the chances of getting infected in infancy, as a rule, are negligible, unlike a child of 2-4 years. The thing is that newborns from the mother (if she had been ill at one time with this disease) get innate immunity.

Scientists attribute rubella to diseases, having been ill with which the human body receives a strong immunity. Although the disease is more common in children, adults can also contract it.

Rubella is especially dangerous for women during. The thing is that the infection can be transmitted to the fetus and provoke the development of complex malformations ( deafness, skin lesions, brain damage or eye ).

In addition, even after birth, the child continues to get sick ( congenital rubella ) and is considered a carrier of the disease. There is no specific medicine for the treatment of rubella, as in the case of measles, at the moment.

Physicians use what is called symptomatic treatment, i.e. alleviate the patient's condition while the body is fighting the virus. Most effective tool The fight against rubella is vaccination. The incubation period for rubella can pass unnoticed by a person.

However, upon its completion, symptoms such as:

• slight increase in body temperature;
• pharyngitis;
• headaches;
• conjunctivitis;
• adenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes in the neck);
• macular eruptions.

With rubella, a small spotted rash initially appears on the face, which quickly spreads throughout the body and predominates in the buttocks, lower back, and on the folds of the arms and legs. As a rule, this occurs within 48 hours after the onset of the acute phase of the disease. Rash in a child rubella at first it looks like a measles rash. Then it may resemble a rash when scarlet fever .

This similarity of both the primary symptoms themselves and the rashes during measles, scarlet fever and rubella may confuse parents, which will affect treatment. Therefore, you should immediately seek medical help, especially if a rash appears on the face of a one-month-old baby. After all, only a doctor can correctly diagnose, "calculating" the real cause of the rash.

On average, skin rashes disappear on the fourth day after the onset, leaving no peeling or pigmentation behind. Rubella rash can be moderately itchy. There are also cases when the disease proceeds without the appearance of the main symptom - rashes.

(better known to the common people as chickenpox) - This viral disease, which is transmitted by airborne droplets through direct contact with an infected person. This disease is characterized feverish state , as well as the presence papulovesicular rash , which is usually localized in all parts of the body.

Notably, the virus Varicella Zoster (varicella zoste) , causing chickenpox, as a rule, in childhood in adults provokes the development of an equally serious ailment - shingles or .

The risk group for chickenpox is children aged six months to seven years. The incubation period for chickenpox usually does not exceed three weeks, according to statistics, on average, after 14 days, the disease enters the acute phase.

First, a sick person has a feverish condition, and after a maximum of two days, rashes appear. It is believed that children tolerate the symptoms of the disease much better than adults.

This is primarily due to the fact that in adults, in the vast majority of cases, the disease proceeds in a complicated form. Usually, the period of a feverish state lasts no more than five days, and in especially serious cases it can reach ten days. The rash usually heals in 6-7 days.

In the vast majority of cases chickenpox passes without complications. However, there are exceptions when the disease is more severe ( gangrenous, bullous or hemorrhagic form ), then complications are inevitable in the form lymphadenitis, encephalitis, pyoderma or myocardium .

Since there is no single medicinal product, this disease is treated symptomatically, i.e. alleviate the condition of the patient while his body is fighting the virus. In a feverish state, patients are shown bed rest, if severe itching is observed, then it is relieved with the help of antihistamines.

For more fast healing rashes, they can be treated with Castellani's solution, brilliant green ("brilliant green"), or use ultraviolet radiation, which will "dry" the rash and accelerate the formation of crusts. Currently, there is a vaccine that helps develop your own immunity against the disease.

At chicken pox Initially, a watery blistering rash appears in the form roseol . Within a few hours after the appearance of rashes, they change their appearance and transform into papules , some of which will develop into vesicles surrounded by a halo hyperemia . On the third day, the rash dries up and a dark red crust forms on its surface, which disappears by itself in the second or third week of the disease.

It is noteworthy that with chickenpox the nature of the rash is polymorphic, since on the same area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin can be observed as rashes in the form spots , and vesicles, papules and secondary elements, i.e. crusts. With this disease, there may be enanthema on the mucous membranes in the form of bubbles that turn into sores and heal within a few days.

The rash is accompanied by intense itching. If the rash is not combed, then it will pass without a trace, because. does not affect the germ layer of the dermis. However, if this layer is damaged (due to a permanent violation of the integrity of the skin surface), atrophic scars may remain at the site of the rash due to severe itching.

The occurrence of this disease provokes a harmful effect on the human body parvovirus B19 . Erythema It is transmitted by airborne droplets, in addition, the risk of contracting this disease is high during organ transplantation from an infected donor or during blood transfusion.

It is worth noting that infectious erythema belongs to the group of understudied diseases. It is believed that people who are prone to allergies .

In addition, erythema often occurs against the background of diseases such as , or tularemia . There are several main forms of the disease:

• sudden exanthema , children's roseola or "sixth" disease is considered the mildest form of erythema, the cause of which is herpes virus person;
• Chamer's erythema , a disease for which, in addition to rashes on the face, swelling of the joints is characteristic;
• erythema rosenberg characterized by an acute onset with fever and symptoms of general intoxication of the body, as in, for example. With this form of the disease, there is abundant maculopapular rash mainly on the limbs (extensor surfaces of the arms and legs), on the buttocks, as well as in the area of ​​large joints;
• is a type of disease that accompanies tuberculosis or rheumatism , rashes with it are localized on the forearms, on the legs, a little less often on the feet and thighs;
• exudative erythema accompanied by the appearance papules, spots , as well as a blistering rash with a clear liquid inside on the limbs and trunk. After the rashes go away, abrasions form in their place, and then crusts. With complicated exudative erythema ( Stevens-Johnson syndrome ) in addition to skin rashes on the genitals and in the anus, nasopharynx, mouth and tongue develop erosive sores.

The incubation period at infectious erythema may take up to two weeks. The first symptoms to appear intoxication organism. A sick person may complain about cough, diarrhea, headaches and nausea , as well as runny nose and pain in the throat. Usually increases temperature body and maybe fever.

It is noteworthy that this condition can last long enough, because the incubation period infectious erythema may be up to several weeks. Therefore, this disease is often confused with SARS or cold . When conventional methods of treatment do not bring the desired relief, and besides, a rash appeared on the body, this indicates the development of a disease of a completely different kind than acute respiratory viral diseases.

It is better to ask a doctor about how to treat viral erythema. Although it is known that for this disease there is no specific drug. Specialists use symptomatic treatment. Initially at infectious erythema rashes are localized on the face, namely on the cheeks and resemble a butterfly in their shape. After a maximum of five days, the rash will occupy the surface of the arms, legs, entire torso and buttocks.

Usually rashes do not form on the hands and feet. First, separate nodules and red spots form on the skin, which gradually merge with each other. Over time, the rash takes on a rounded shape, with a lighter middle and well-defined edges.

This disease belongs to the group of acute viral diseases, which, among other things, are characterized by a change in the composition of the blood and damage lymph nodes of the spleen and liver . get infected mononucleosis it is possible from a sick person, as well as from the so-called virus carrier, i.e. a person in whose body the virus “dozes”, but he himself does not get sick yet.

Often this ailment is called "kissing disease." It indicates the distribution mononucleosis - airborne.

Most often, the virus is transmitted with saliva when kissing or when sharing bed linen, dishes or personal hygiene items with an infected person.

Children and young people usually get mononucleosis.

Distinguish acute and chronic form of discomfort. To diagnose mononucleosis, a blood test is used, which may contain antibodies to the virus or atypical mononuclear cells .

As a rule, the incubation period of the disease does not exceed 21 days, on average, the first signs mononucleosis appear within a week after infection.

The main symptoms of the virus include:

• general weakness of the body;
• dizziness;
• headaches;
• catarrhal tracheitis;
• muscle aches;
• increased body temperature;
• angina;
• inflammation of the lymph nodes;
• an increase in the size of the spleen and liver;
• skin rashes (For example, herpes first type).

A rash with mononucleosis usually appears with the first signs of the disease and looks like small red spots in size. In some cases, in addition to spots on the skin, roseolous rashes may be present. At mononucleosis the rashes usually do not itch. After healing, the rash disappears without a trace. In addition to skin rashes infectious mononucleosis white spots may appear on the larynx.

Meningococcal infection

Meningococcal infection is a disease caused by the harmful effects of bacteria on the human body meningococcus . The disease may be asymptomatic or may be nasopharyngitis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx) or purulent. In addition, there is a danger of damage to various internal organs, as a result meningococcemia or meningoencephalitis .

The causative agent of the disease is Gram-negative meningococcus Neisseria meningitides, which is transmitted by airborne droplets from an infected person.

The infection penetrates through the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. This means that the person simply inhales meningococcus nose and automatically becomes a carrier of the disease.

It is noteworthy that at high degree immune protection no changes may occur, the body itself will defeat the infection. However, young children, whose immune system, however, as well as the whole body as a whole, are still too weak or the elderly can immediately feel the signs nasopharyngitis .

If bacteria meningococcus succeeds in penetrating the blood, more severe consequences diseases. In such cases, it may develop meningococcal sepsis. In addition, bacteria are carried with the bloodstream and enter the kidneys and adrenal glands , and also affects the lungs and skin. Meningococcus without appropriate treatment is able to penetrate through blood-brain barrier and destroy brain .

Symptoms of this form meningococcus as nasopharyngitis similar to the beginning of the current SARS . In a sick person, there is a sharp increase temperature body, he suffers from strong headaches, sore throat, stuffy nose , when swallowing, pain is also present. Against the background of general intoxication in the throat appears hyperemia .

Meningococcal sepsis begin with jump temperatures up to 41 C. At the same time, the person feels extremely unwell, there are symptoms of a general intoxication organism. Small children can vomit, and infants are observed convulsions. Roseolous-papular or roseola rash appears on the second day.

When pressed, the rash disappears. After a few hours, hemorrhagic elements of the rash (bluish purple-red) appear, rising above the surface of the skin. The rash is localized in the buttocks, on the thighs, as well as on the legs and heels. If a rash appears in the first hours of the disease not in the lower, but in the upper part of the body and on the face, then this indicates a possible unfavorable prognosis for the course of the disease (ears, fingers, hands).

With lightning or hyprtoxic form meningococcal sepsis against the background of the rapid development of the disease appears hemorrhagic rash , which, right before our eyes, merges into vast formations in size, resembling in their appearance cadaveric spots . Without surgical treatment, this form of the disease leads to infectious-toxic shock which is incompatible with life.

At meningitis body temperature also rises sharply, chills are felt. The patient is tormented by severe headaches, which are aggravated by any movement of the head, he cannot tolerate sound or light stimuli. This disease is characterized vomit and young children develop seizures. In addition, children can take a specific “pointing dog” position with meningitis, when the child lies on his side, his head is strongly thrown back, his legs are bent, and his arms are brought to the body.

A rash with meningitis (red-violet or red hue) appears, as a rule, already on the first day of the acute phase of the disease. Eruptions are localized on the limbs, as well as on the sides. It is believed that the larger the area of ​​distribution of the rashes and the brighter their color, the more serious the patient's condition.

The cause of this pustular disease are streptococci (hemolytic streptococcus) and staphylococci ( Staphylococcus aureus) , as well as their combinations. The causative agents of impetigo penetrate into hair follicles, causing the formation of a pustular rash, in place of which abscesses appear.

This disease usually affects children, people who often visit places common use, as well as those who have recently suffered severe dermatological or infectious diseases .

Harmful microorganisms enter the human body through microcracks in the skin, as well as through abrasions and through insect bites. At impetigo rashes are localized on the face, namely near the mouth, in the nasolabial triangle or on the chin.

There are the following forms of the disease:

• streptoderma or streptococcal impetigo , For example, lichen in which dry spots appear on the skin with a red rim or diaper rash;
• annular impetigo affects the legs, hands, and feet;
• bullous impetigo in which bubbles with liquid appear on the skin (with traces of blood);
• ostiofolliculitis is a type of disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus , rashes with such impetigo are localized in the thighs, neck, forearms and face;
• slit impetigo - this is a disease in which linear cracks can form in the corners of the mouth, at the wings of the nose, as well as at the eye fissures;
• herpetiformis a variety of impetigo is characterized by the presence of a rash in the armpits, under the breasts, and also in the groin.

Treatment of impetigo depends primarily on the type of disease. If the disease is caused by harmful bacteria, then antibiotics are prescribed. The sick person must have individual means personal hygiene so as not to infect others. Eruptions can be treated or biomycin ointment .

It is important to remember that the presence of any rashes on the body of a person, and especially children, is a reason to see a doctor. In the case when the rash covers the entire surface of the body in a matter of hours, it is accompanied by feverish state , a temperature rises above 39 C, while there are symptoms such as severe headache, vomiting and confusion, difficulty breathing, swelling , you should immediately call an ambulance.

To avoid more serious complications, do not injure areas of the body with rashes, for example, open blisters or scratch the rash. As many experts warn, including the well-known pediatrician Dr. Komarovsky, you should not self-medicate, and even more so, postpone calling a doctor to check the effectiveness of alternative methods of treatment.

Education: Graduated from Vitebsk State Medical University with a degree in Surgery. At the university, he headed the Council of the Student Scientific Society. Advanced training in 2010 - in the specialty "Oncology" and in 2011 - in the specialty "Mammology, visual forms of oncology".

Experience: Work in the general medical network for 3 years as a surgeon (Vitebsk Emergency Hospital, Liozno Central District Hospital) and part-time as a district oncologist and traumatologist. Work as a pharmaceutical representative during the year in the company "Rubicon".

He presented 3 rationalization proposals on the topic “Optimization of antibiotic therapy depending on the species composition of microflora”, 2 works won prizes in the republican competition-review of student scientific works(categories 1 and 3).